CAN BO LAM CONG TAC QUAN TRj NGUON NHAN LlfC TRONG CAC CONG TY CO PHAN TAI THANH PHO HA NOI TRONG BOI CANH HOI NHAP KiNH TE THE Gifll
TS. Doan Thj Yen - TS. Biii Thj PhUtfng Thao Trudng Dgi hge Lao ddng -Xd hdi
Tom tat
Cdng tae quan trj ngudn nhan iQc ddng vai trd quan trgng ddi vdi sU phat trien cua doanh ng- hiep, nha't la trong giai doan Viet Nam hdi nhap vdi nen kinh te the gidi. Nghien cQu thuc te tai 47 cdng ty cd phan tren dia ban thanh phd Ha Ngi (CTCP) nam 2015, vdi sd lao ddng trung binh la 422 lao ddng/CTCP eho thay quy md cae ddn vj la kha ldn. Oe danh gia quy md, chat lugng can bd lam edng tae nhansu eung nhu thuc trang cdng tac quan trj ngudn nhan lUc trong eac CTCP tai thanh phd Ha Ndi hien nay, nhdm nghien cQu da dieu tra 171 can bd lam edng tac nhan sU cua eae cdng ty nay Dudi day la mdt sd danh gia va de xua't mdt sd giai phap ddi vdi can bd quan trj nhan sU nham gdp phan nang cao sU canh tranh eua eae CTCP trong trong giai doan tdi.
Tdkhoa: Cdn bd, qudn tri nguon nhdn lUe, bdi cdnh hgi nhgp.
Abstract
Human resource administration plays a key role in the development of enterprises, especially in the integration process into global economy of Vietnam. The research conducted at 47 joint-stock companies in Hanoi in 2015 showed that these companies were quite big in labor scale with 422 employees per company on average. A survey on 171 personnel officers was also performed to assess scale, quantity of personnel officers as well as status of human resource administration in joint-stock companies in Hanoi at the present. Some assessments and recommendations will be mentioned below to enhance competitiveness among joint-stock companies in the coming time.
Key word: Managers, human resource administration, integration context
1. Gidi thieu
Ke tQ khi thuc hien dudng Idi Ooi mdi, Viet Nam da gia nhap vao nhQng td chQc va cae dinh che Idn nhu Hiep hdi cac qude gia Ddng Nam A (ASEAN); Dien dan hgp tac kinh te Chau A - Thai Binh Duong (APEC);Td chQc thQOng mai the gidi (WTO) va gan day nhat la Hiep djnh ddi tac kinh te xuyen Thai Binh DUdng (TPP). Odi vdi cac do- anh nghiep trong nudc, viec Viet Nam tham gia vao cac td chUc kinh te Idn da tao ra nhQng cd hdi trong xua't khau san pham, nhQng ddng thdi cung dat ra thach thUc rat Idn trUdc sU canh tranh vdi cac san pham nudc ngoai, trong dieu kien ndi lUc cua nen kinh te van cdn ye'u va thieu ve vdn, cdng nghe, phuang thQc quan ly va dae biet la vdn eon ngudi.
2. ThUc trang doi ngu can bg quan tri nhan sU trong cac CTCP
Ve sd lugng, qua dieu tra cho thay 80,1% can bd lam cdng tae quan trj nhan sU (QTNS) dudi 40 tudi (Bang 1), la dieu kien tdt de can bd hgc tap, bdi dudng kien thQc chuyen mdn.
Bang 1 . Ccf cau tuoi cua can bo quan trj nhan sU trong cac CTCP tai thanh pho Ha Ndi
flo tuoi Tons so Duciiaotuoi Til 30-39 tuoi Til 40-49 tuoi Til 50-60 tuoi
So li/rfng (nglf cfl)
171 44 93 23 11
Ty le (%) 100,00
25,?0 54.40 13,50 6,40
Tyle tich luy (%)
25.?0 80,10 93,60 100,00
(Nguon: Dieu tra ciia tdc gid, 2015)
[10] K H O A HOC D A Y N G H E S6 33 thang 6/2016
Ve trinh do chuyen mdn: sd can bd QTNS dugc dao tao dung chuyen mdn la 97/171 ngudi chiem ty le 56,72%, trong dd cd trinh do dai hge la 90,72%. Nhuvay, cdn den 43,28% can bd khdng cd chuyen mdn ve QTNS (Bang 2). Day la mdt trong nhQng nguyen nhan chinh dan den cdng tae nhan sU cua cae CTCP thdi gian qua edn tdn tai nhieu han ehe.
Bang 2. Trinh do chuyen mdn cua can bo QTNS trong cac CTCP tai thanh pho HaNoi
Trinh ia chuyen mon
Tong so ngU((i) Thac si Dai hoc Cao 6m Mcau(%) Thac Sl flai hoc Cao im
Tongso
171 9 157
5 100.00
5,26 91,81
2.92
Chuyen nganh dao tao Quan tri nhan
Zlj
97 6 88 3 100.00
6.19 90.72
3,09
Khac
74 3 69 2 100,00
4.05 93,24 2,70
(Ngudn: Diiu tra eua tde gid, 2015)
3. NhCfng thach thufc ddi vdi can bo quan trj nhan sif trong giai doan hoi nhap
Theo Tran Thj Kim Dung (2011) trong giai doan hien nay, quan trj ngudn nhan lUe dUng trUdc nhQng thach thQc dd la: Suthay ddi nhanh ehdng va d pham vi Idn eua mdi trudng kinh doanh tao ra ap lue budc cac doanh nghiep phai ap dung cac phuong thQc quan ly hien dai, chuyen nghiep, hieu qua; He thdng luat phap ngay cang dugc hoan thien bude eae doanh nghiep ngay eang phai quan tam den quyen lgi cua nhan vien, quan tam den mdi trudng sinh thai; Viec thieu laoddng lanh nghe d Viet Nam da gay ra khd khan cho cae doanh nghiep trong edng tac tuyen dung nhan sU gidi; Thach thQc tQ chinh trong ndi bd doanh ng- hiep dd la viec phai nang eao nang lUc canh tranh thdng qua cac bien phap kiem soat chi phi, nang
eao chat lugng va tao mdi trudng lam viec sang tao cho ngudn nhan lUc, sQ dung cd hieu qua ngudn nhan lUe... Vi vay, de dap Qng dUge yeu eau cua quan trj ngudn nhan lue trong giai doan hdi nhap, ddi hdi ddi vdi can bd QTNS hien nay khdng ehi ddn thuan la iQu trQ hd so nhan vien, thue hien eac chinh saeh ddi vdi ngUdi lao ddng ma can phai:
-Hoach djnh nguon nhan iQc, Tuy nhien, qua dieu tra cho tha'y, cdng tac ke hoaeh hda nhan sU trong cac CTCP chUa dUge eac dgn vj coi trgng, viee hoaeh dinh NNL cdn thieu tinh khoa hge, thdi gian ngan, ehu yeu do cac phdng ban trong cdng ty xac dinh. Vi vay, can thiet phai xay dQng dQOc chie'n iQge ngudn nhan luc cho don vj trong thdi gian dai tren CO sd dinh hudng phat trien eua ddn vi dam bao du ve sd lugng va dap Qng yeu eau ve chat lugng.
- Phan tich cdng viec la cd sd de xae djnh yeu eau, dae diem cua cdng viec tU dd xae djnh nhiem vu, trach nhiem, quyen han eua ngUdi lao ddng khi thuc hien cdng viee; yeu eau ve trinh do, pham chat, ky nang ngUdi lao ddng phai cd de thue hien dugc cdng viec. Tuy nhien, qua dieu tra cho thay, ndi dung nay chUa dugc cac cdng ty chu trgng, nhieu cdng ty khdng thUe hien phan tich^cdng viee hoae phan tieh cdng vifc nhung chQa hgp ly, khdng rd rang ve nhiem vu, trach nhiem va quyen han dan den khd khan cho danh gia hieu qua thUc hien cdng viee.
-Tuyen dung lao ddng:Oa sdcac cdng ty chUa cd phan tich cdng viec (ban md ta cdng viee, ban tieu chuan chQc danh cdng viec, ban tieu chuan ngudi thuc hien cdng viec), cung vdi viee can bg tuyen dung chU trgng nhieu den bang cap, kinh nghiem edng tae eua Qng vien ma chUa chu trgng khai thac tinh sang tao cua Qng vien.
- Oao tao, bdi dudng lao ddng: Viec cQ ngUdi lao ddng di dao tao, bdi dudng cdn mang tinh chu quan eua ngUdi quan ly, ehUa dUa tren ca sd phan tich nhu cau dao tao de cQ lao ddng di hgc dan den hieu qua dao tao chua eao; edng tae danh gia hieu qua sau dao tao edn han che.
- Oanh gia thuc hien cdng viec: Oa sd eae cdng ty ehua xay dUng mdt he thdng danh gia thUe hien cdng viec chinh thQc, cac tieu chi de danh
So 33 thang 6/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y N G H E [11]
gia edn ehung ehung; phan tieh cdng viec chua tdt la nguyen nhan chinh lam eho ngUdi danh gia va ngudi bj danh gia rdi vao tlnh trang bj ddng, anh hudng den ket qua danh gia.
He thdng chinh sach cua edng ty ve tuyen dung, sQ dung ngudn nhan lUc eua cac CTCP cdn chua day du, chUa cap nhat eae van ban, quy dinh cua Nha nudc da gay khd khan trong eae cdng tac nhan sQcua dan vj.
4. M o t so danh gia chung
Xu hudng toan cau hoa da lam eho sU eanh tranh ngay cang trd nen gay gat ca d cap dd qudc gia va cap do doanh nghiep. Oieu nay ddi hdi edng tae quan tri NNL trong cac doanh nghiep ndi chung va cae CTCP tai thanh phd Ha Ndi ndi rieng phai ehuyen nghiep hdn, khoa hgc hdn. Do vay can cd nhQng giai phap nang cao chat iQgng ddi ngu can bd QTNS nham giai quyet nhQng van de dat ra trong edng tae quan trj NNL cua CTCP, dd la:
i) Ban lanh dao cac CTCP phai doi mdi nhan thUe ve tam quan trgng eua edng tae quan trj NNL ddi vdi viec nang cao nang suat lao ddng, chat lugng NNL cua don vj; ii) nang cao chat lugng can bd QTNS, trong do chu trgng tdi dao tao cho can bd nhan sU cac kien thUc, ky nang ve hoach djnh NNL, phan tich cdng viec, tuyen dung lao ddng, dao tao, bdi dQdng lao ddng, danh gia thUe hien cdng viec; iii) can bd QTNS can cd kien thQc ehuyen mdn de ng- hien cQu, de xua't xay dung he thdng ehinh sach eua cdng ty ve quy ehe hoat ddng, quy che lam viec eua dan vj, cac quy dinh ve tuyen dung, sQ dung nhan lUc, cac quy djnh ve lUang, phu cap,
khen thudng, ky luat, de bat,-bd nhiem, dao tao, bdi dudng, phuc lgi, y te cdng ty... la cd sd de tuyen dung, sQdung va quan ly NNL cua dan vj •
Tdi lieu tham khao
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2. Gidi thieu chung vi diin ddn hap tdc kinh ti chdu A-Thdi Binh Duang (APEC), truy cap ngay 25/5/2016, duac lay tQ http://www.ehinhphu.
vn/portal/page/portal/ehinhphu/NuoeCHXHCN- VietNam/ChiTietVeToChucQuocTe?diplomacy- Orgld=61.
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php/tri-thuc/kinh-te-hoc/9747-diem-mat-nhung- to-chuc-kinh-te-khung-viet-nam-da-tham-gia
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Ngaynhan bai: 6/6/20U Ngay phan bien: 20/6/2016 Ngay dang: Thang 6/2016
