Hgi Oia l> va Tai nguyen Moi truong Thira Thien Hue HfiHOia ly Viet Nam
Kha nang thich u'ng v a i BDKH cua ngipai dan o* vung d6ng b i n g va ven bi§n tinh Thipa Thien Hu4
Le Van Thang", Nguyen Huy Anh', Oinh Tlianh Kien'
Asbtract
Ability of the people living in the delta and coastal region of Thua Thien Hue province to adapt to climate change
// IS said Ihai Climaie Change (CC) has occurred, is outside of the human conli ol. and affects all aspects of socio-economic system all os'er the world The common measure to reduce the impact of CC is "live with CC ". called adaptation to CC.
Thu Thien Hue is a province in central coastal region, and is war ned that it is affected from the negative ' r •II :•/ by CC and sea lewl rise very much, including the community groups living in the coastal plain region a/feaecl most They themselves adjust their aciivuies in a flexible way ta adapt to CC in climate change siiinilion
The author of this paper would like to discuss, analyze and evaluate "ability of the people living in the delUi and coastal region of Thua Thien Hue province to aclopi to Climale Change"
.. DAT V \ \ DE
Vung ddng bang va ven bien Tinh Thiia Thien Hue la nai cd mat dd diin cir ldn va sinh ke cua hg phu ihuge chu yeu vao bien \a dam pha (Tam Giang- Cau Hai, Lap An). Cac sinh ke chinh eua cgng ddng nay la ndng nghiep. khai thac va nudi trdng thuy san (NTTS), ben canh do cdn cd cac hoat dgng nhir dich vu - du iich. lieu thu edng nghiep. cdng nghiep, ...
Dirge danh gia la ngimh chju anh hudng ldn nhal bdi BDKH, ndng nghiep va ngu- nghiep lai la smh kc chinh, vi vay tac dgng cua BDKH cang trd nen nghiem trgng han ddi vdi cdng ddng nai day Ngoai ra, cae hoat ddng sinh hoal eijng nhu sdc khoe cua ngudi dan ciing bj anh hudng dang ke do BDKH. Trong bdi canh dd, sir thich dng va kha nang diich img vdi BDKH ciia cdng ddng trd nen vd cung quan trgng, quyet dnih sinh ke ciia ngu-di dan, ddng thai la co sd dc eac nha quan ly dia phuang dua ra cac giai phap, chinh sach hgp ly de giiip ngudi dan nang cao nhan thirc ve tac dgng xau ciing nhir kha nang thich irng cua ngudi dan vdi BDKH
2. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CIIU
- Dieu tra, thu thap so lieu: Tac gia sd dung phu-ong phap lap bang hdi dk dieu tra, ddi tugng dugc dieu tra la ngirdi dan tai dja ban nghien cdu (thdng tin so cap). Ngoai ra cdn thu thap cac van ban, tu" lieu, tai lieu (thdng tin thir cap) lai chinh quyen dia phuang. Cac ihong lin thu thap du-gc nhu:
di^u kien lir nhien, kinh t4, xa hdi, BDKH, kien thirc ban dia, hoat ddng sinh ke cua ngudi dan...
- Kheio Slit thirc dia: Nh4m kieni tra cheo thong tin tir phdng van hg, nam thdng tin ve dieu kien tir nhien, kinh ik - xa hdi eua khu virc, boat dgng sinh kfi eua ngudi dan. Ngoai ra, con k€t hgp khao sat thuc dia vdi di§u tra, phong van hg ngay tai hien trudng de thdng tin cd dp chinh xac cao.
ViHn Tai nguyen, Moi trEBng va Cong nghO smh hBc - OBi hBc HuE
D|A LY BIEN VA HAI DAO VIET NAM
Hoi Pja ly va Tai ngu>cn Moi triii)n^Thu^ Thien Hue ^^H2i_Oi2_liyi|l_N
- Phuang phdp CVCA {Climate Vulnerabdity and Capacity Analysis)- "Phan lich linh trang dl tdn Ihirang va nang luc thich irng vdi bi^n ddi khi hau"; Tac gia sir dung mot phan trong phuang ph nay, do la kSl hgp kien thirc ban dja va dir lieu khoa hgc de hieu rgng han vc BDKH tai dja phircr cung nhu linh dc bi ldn Ihuang va kha nang thich irng vdi BDKH
3. KET QUA VA THAO LU.AN
Qua qua trinh di^u tra, khao sat, thu thap so lieu thuc le tai 5 huyen ddng bang va ven bien Tir Thira Thien Hue (Phong DiSn, Quang DiSn, Huang Tra, Phii Vang, Phii Lgc) da cho thay
- BDKH da tac dgng manh ddn cuge sdng, sinh kc ciia ngudi dan nai day, dgc biet la tinh Iran lii lut. Trong nhirng nam gan day lu hit anh hudng Idn va Ihudng xuyen ddn cdng ddng, nd dugc tli hien d cac yeu td nhu: tan suat xual hien, thdi gian ngap, miic ng^p..., do vay, trong khudn kho bi bao nay, lac gia lap trung nghien ciru kha nang ihich img cua ngudi dan doi vdi lu lut.
- Kha nang thich ung vdi lu kit hoan loan khac nhau d mdi dia phirong, phu thugc vao nhieu yei td. Tuy nhien de danh gia mgt each long hgp, lac gia tien hanh danh gia 3 yeu Id chinh, dd la: tiiili di bj tdn thuang, kha nang giam thieu tdn thuong va kha nang phue hdi.
3.1. Tinh de bj ton thuvng 3.1.1. Yeu Id tu-nhien
Thira Thien Hue ta mgt tinh thugc viing Bac Trung bg, trong vanh dai nhiet ddi Bac ban cau va ta khu vuc chiu anh hudng gio miia chau A. Nam d giira Viet Nam. Tbiia Thien Hue vira chiu anh hudng ciia gid miia Ddng Bac vira bi gid mua Tay Nam chi phdi. Do vay day la nai luan phien lac dgng va tranh gianh anh hudng cua cac khdi khdng khi cd ngudn gdc khac nhau theo miia, Chinh su hdi lu ciia khdng khi lanh tu phia bac Iran xuong va khong khi nong am tir phia nam di chuyen len da gay ra mua idn, dong, 16c td tren khu vuc nay va hinh thanh nhung tran lu Idn va lu quel lam trugt Icr dai, xdi Id bd song.
Lanh thd Thira Thien Hue trai dai theo chieu lay bac - ddng nam, trong dd khoang 75,9% t6ng dien tich la vimg nui ddi, 24,1% la dong bang duyen hai, dam pha va cdn cat, dugc bao bgc bdi day niii Trudng San dphia lay vdi do cao lir 500-1800 m va day Bach Mad phia nam vdi dd cao tir 1200- 1450 m. Cac day mil nay cd tae dung chan gio miia Ddng Bic va Tay Nam lam tang cudng do mua Idn vao miia mua va gay ra hieu ung phan la nguyen nhan cua thdi tigt khd ndng va han han trong miia he.
PhSn ldn lanh tho ciia Thira Thien Hue n4m d phia ddng day Trudng San, dia hinh chuyin kha nhanh tii' viing nui qua viinggd ddi xuong vimg ddng bang nho hep ncn cd do doc kha Idn. Dien tich dated dg doc tren 25 do chiem 54% lanh tho. Do vay cae con sdng b§t ngu6n tu day Trudng Son deu ngan, d6c va nhigu gh^nh thac. Chinh dac didm nay lam cho lu d ha luu len nhanh trong miia mua, co nd xay ra lu quel ddng thdi cac con sdng khdng giir dugc nude trong mita it mua nen gay ra ban han va xam nhap man.
_ Vimg ven bd Thira Jhien Hug ehilm khoang 30% dien Hch va hon 80% dan sd loan tinh la viing thap trung co he thong dam pha Tam Giang - CSu Hai an ngii- d phia ddng (la he dim pha ldn w\\i\
Ddng Nam A) He dam pha nay dugc bao ve bdi cae c6n, dun cat keo dai tren 100 km theo phuong tay bac - ddng nam lir Cua Viet (Quang Tri) din cira Tu Hign, cao tir 2-3m (Thuan An- Hda Duan) d6n 41 -42m (Quang Ngan). Nude lir cae con sdng tren lanh th6 d6 vao he thdng dSm pha trudc khi ra bi£n qua hai cira Thuan An va Tu Hicn. Hai ciia nay la yeu id quyet dinh ddi song ciia he dim pha trontj
Hoi nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Toan qudc ldn thu 6, Thdnh phd Hui. 9/2012
H6i Dja 1} ^a Tai " £ " > j ; L ^ l i ' ' " ' " " " S " ' " ^ ^''''^" ^ " ^ . Hgi Dia Iy Vict Nam
nua trinh phal trign. Tu\' nhien, chiing khong dn djnh. hinh thai dgng lire ciia hai cua thudng \uycn thay d6i phirc lap. Tinh ir.iiig bdi lap, xdi Id, ddng, ma ciia bien ludn ludn de doa mdi Irudng song ciia nhan dan. Diiy la khu vuc nhay cam nhiit khi co bao kit, song than, nude dang.
Tham ihuc \<il cd vai ird dac bict quan irgng lam giam ddng chay, can trd qua trinh xdi mon.
trircrt Id, k"i qi"^!. Den nam 2002 Tinh Thira Thicn Hue eo 234.945 ha diit cd rimg (do che phii la 47%), irong dd rirng l u nhicn la 177.550 ha va rirng trong la 57 395 ha. Dicn tich dat trong ddi niii iroc khoane 125 000 ha. Tuy dd che phii la kha cao nhung phan ldn la rirng ngheo ncn kha nang giu nuoc kem. Ciing vdi do ddc, d.iy cung la mdi trong nhirng nguyen nhan gay ra lu vdi cuong suat Idn [7)
Mua ed anh hudng nil ldn den dong chay lii. Thira Thicn Hue la mgt irong nhiing vimg mua Idn nhal eiia ca nude, vdi lirimg mua trung binh loan lanh thd khoang 3.000 mm/nam. phan bd khong deu Iheo khong gian lir 2,800 dcii 3 600 mm, tham chi cu noi dim 8,000-9 000 mm nhu d Bach Ma Cuong do mua Ion kC>l hop \ 6 i c'ia hinii ddc de gay ra lii quel v;i irirgt Id tren lanh tho.
Toan linh cd 5 con sdng chinh la O Lau, Huong. Nong, Trudi va Bii L u , Irong dd he thdng song Huang (giim .song Huang \a sdng B6) ia quan irgng nhat \ 6 i dicn tich kru vuc 2,S00km2 chicm 3/5 dicn lich loan linh. \ ' d i dac diem ngan, -"' ic \ a hau nhu khdng cd viing dem ncn thdi gian iruyen lii lir thirgng hru \udng ha luu lal nhanh (khoang 4-6 gio). fhani chi cd nlulng tran lu xay ra gan dong ihdi vdi thdi gian mua vdi cuong suat kin . Dac diem nay cho thay sg ac licl ciia ICi lui d Tliii'a Thicn Hue [7|-
3.1.2. ^ cu to vfi hui
Ket qua dicu ira, khao sal \a nghicn ciru cac tai lieu lien quan ed the nhan djnh rang, khu \uc d^ngb^ng ven bicn tinh 'Ihira Thicn Hue ( l i u Tp. Hue. r \ Huong Thuy. TX Huong IVii) la khu vuc CO tinh do bi ton ihuong cao do B D K H , bdi khu vuc nay mang cac diic diem hay eiic yeu to \ a hoi de biion thirong nhal:
- Smh ke clni yeu dua \:io nong nghiep. ngu nghiep (>95%) - 1\ lc ho nghco cdn cao (irung binh 5 hu\cn:15.66%)[5],
- Dan s6 chu yen la ngudi gia, phu nil va trc cm (phan ldn thanh nicu trong do ludi lao dong deu di khdi dia phirong lap nghiep).
- Trinh do van hda khong cao,
- Da dang nganh nahc, ton giao, thanh phan xa hgi dan ddn nay sinh nhieu mau thuan xa hdi nhu
\c licp can ngudn Igi. giiTa phat tricu va bao ve mdi trudng,
- Rat it CO hgi dugc tifip can, tim h i i u v6 B D K H hoac cac van de lien quan.
3.2. K h a nang giam thieu ton t h u o n g
N h u vay, theo kat qua danh gia tren thi cdng ddng dan cu ddng bang -ven bien tinh Thira Thien Hu6 chju anh hirdng Idn va dl bi ton thuong do B D K H Tuy nhien, dii muon hay khong, hg van cd mgi vai'tro quan trgng trong irng phd vdi B D K H . Tren thirc lc, cgng ddng nay da va dang co nhieu hanh dgng irng phd nhiim giam Ihifiu tac ddng x5u ciia BDKI-I. noi each khac la giam thieu tdn thuong do B D K H gay ra.
Thuc l i di6u tra cho thay, cac y i u to anh hudng hay quyet dinh kha nang giam thieu tdn Ihuang trudc B D K H ciia cdng ddng nay dd la ngudn luc tir cdng ddng va sir hd trg cua chinh quyen dia phuang.
DIA LY BIEN VA HAI DAO VIET N A M 73
Hoi Dia ly va Tai nguyen \16i truong Tliua Thicn Hm |16iUi£L>'_Vy'
3.2.1. Nguon luc tii-cgng ddng
a. Kien thuc biin diu vd sting kien ctia cgng ddng
T n thiie ban dia, k i l n thiic ban dia hay tri thirc truyen thong la he Ihdng tri thirc ma ngirdi da mdt cgng dong lich liiy va phat trien dua tren kinh nghiem, da dugc kiem nghiem qua thuc lien Ihuirng xuyen thay ddi d l thich nghi vdi moi trudng tu nhien, van hda va xa hgi.
Cung nhu t4l ea cac cdng ddng khac, cgng ddng dan cu d day cd von kjen ihirc ricng trong nl, linh vuc ve moi trirdng va cuge song hang ngay Trong boi canh B D K I I loan cSu, cac hicn lugng Ihoii cue doan va thien tai d i l n ra ngay cang manh me va phuc tap, trudc khi cd su can ihicp/hd trg liil ngoai. ngudi dan da phai tim each lir doi pho d l bao ve ban than, gia dinh va cgng ddng, Nhiriigsi k i l n ma ho ap dung chu > l u dugc huy ddng t u vdn tri Ihu-c ban dia (tri thirc dia phuang) dugc diic kci ddi nay, sang ddi khac
* Quan niem "Nude lim thi thuyen lin": Day la kinh nghiem lir lau ddi de lai. da va dangdj.
ap dung tai cgng dong nay ~ noi thudng xuyen chiu anh hudng ciia lii lut. ngap miic cao va dai ngay -Nang nin" nha cao hon bO vdi miic nude kit irung binh hang nam. Doi khi chi phi dc nangiiciui cao lion chi phi \ i i \ phAn cdn lai ciia ngdi nha, nhung ciing phai lam de bao vc tinh mang vii lai san klu ciia gia dinh.
- Xay gac xep lain thoi hoac cd dinh dc di chu\cn tai san va con ngirdi liic lu kit xay ra, - D i i vdi gia dinh khdng co d i l u kicn nang nen, xay gac hoac d vimg qua triing thap thi di cliuy din nhinig noi cao ban trong miia kit nhu: truimg hoc, UBND xa, huyen, tram y lc, nha ba con. duiiQ dirdng cai
- M6i gia dinh deu chuan bi mdt chiec ghe (thuyen nhd) de di chuyen trong miia kil
* Quan mem ".Xanh iilid hern gid ddng": Vao vu He Thu hang nam, dua vao kinh nghiem nan bDl t i l l trdi ciia minh, ngudi dan cho rang neu thuan lgi thi gat dung ngay mdi co nang suat cao. tin nhien neu doan trudc dugc lu sdin thi tlia gat non con ho-n de chin nia mat trang.
* Mot sd md hinh kinh te Irong miia kit:
- Trong dt tren con cat (Vinh M y . Phil Vang) - Trdng ban, bi (Vinh Thanh, Plui Vang) - Trong mau tren lip cao (Vinh Thanh, Phii Vang)
- T r d n g mau chiu ngap nhu rau miii, Ihani.. (Quang Thanh, H u a n g Tra) - Nudi ea vuot lu (Phil Xuan, Phu Vang)
- Nuoi ca long (Quang Thai, Quang Dien) - Danh bat tluiy san nude nggt, Ig.
- Trdng rau iren gian (Quang Thanh, Quang Dicn)
* Bao \c sire khoe ban than, gia dinh va cgng d6ng Tir sau tran lu lich sir nam 1999, tat ca cai;
gia dinh d day deu rat than irgng va cd y thirc canh giac vdi lu lut, qua d i l u tra chimg tdi tdng k i t dirac mot $6 giai phap ciia ngudi dan nai day nhu sau:
- Nang nen nha, dung gac cao hon.
H6I nghi Khoa hoc Dja ly Toan quoc Idn thir 6. Thdnh pho Hui. 9/2012
HpiDjalyva lai nguyen Moi truong Tliiia Thien Hue ^ ^ _ ^ _ ^ _ Hoi Dja ly Vict Nam
- Chii dgngdi ddi nha den nai cao ban (mot sd ho d xa Vinh Hien, l l a i DLiong nai bi sat Id bd biln)
- Chuan bj luang thuc day dii va sdm ban.
- Dl chuyen ngudi vh tai san den nai an loan sdm ban.
- Van dong lal eii Irc em deu phai hge bai
- Hd trg nhau trong thdng lin lii lut, chuan bi luong thuc, di chuyen, h. Ngudn luc kinh te
Kmh tc gia dinh la yen id quyet djnh liong viec chii dgng giam ihieu ldn thuong do BDKH, va nd phu ihiigc vao ciic boat ddng sinh kc ciia cong ddng, day la yeu diem Ion nhat ciia cgng ddng ven bien Thira Thicn Hiil-
Qua khao sal thirc lc cho thay hoat dong sinh ke eiia cgng ddng noi day kha don dieu. tuy nhicu nganh nghe nlurng thu nh^p elui yen lii nong nghiep va ngu nghiep - diiy la hai nganh tao thu nhap khiing cao. kOm dn djnh \a phLi thuoc ldn \ao dicu kicn lu nhien. Ngoii; ra, co hgi licp can v.i su dung cac ngudn vdn Irong sinh ke ciia cgng ddng nay cdn thap, cu the:
- Von con ngudi: Nhan thirc vc B D K I 1 ciia cgng dong dan cu d day van cdn Ihap, Ihco kcl qua dieu lia ed den 92%o so ngudi diroe phdng van khdng hieu gi ve B D K H , sd cdn lai ciing d mirc do bicl thong tin qua truyen hinh. nhung khdng hieu hoac hieu mgt each la mo va chua quan tam den van de nay. Nhiing thay doi ciia khi hau dugc ngudi dan kc ra deu tir kinh nghiem san xuiit Iiiu nam ciia hg.
Nhan tluie vc thay doi mo hinh sinh ke eluia cao. hon 90% khi duoc hoi deu bang Idng vdi md hinh hicn tai va khdng eo y dinh thay ddi gi irong Ihdi gian tdi.
Ngoai ra, lao ddng d day deu la lao dgng pho thong, ngudi gia va phu nir chicm da so, ty le trung binh lao dgng trong hd la 2 lao ddng/5 nhan khau. do tudi trung binh dang lao ddng la 45 tudi (do thanh nien trong tuoi lao dgng deu di lam an xa) dan den nang suat lao ddng khong cao.
- Von xa hgi:
-1 Tinh cgng dong kha cao: Irong san xuat ciing nhu trong sinh boat, hg hang, lang xdm thirdiig xuyen giiip dd. diim bgc lan nhau. cho mugn von hoac giong vao nhu'ng liic gap khd khan dau vu; doi cong lao dgng trong hie can thiet (thu hoach, thu hoach chay lu. kien cd nha cira.,.); giiip di chuyen va cho d nhd tranh Ifi.
-I- Cac to chirc, doan Ihe, hgi... hoat dgng manh: hgi phu nu-, hgi nong dan, chi hgi nghe ca... va bal ky ai cung cd ea hdi Iham gia.
-t Cac hoat dgng van hoii, tin ngudng lao su doan kel cao Irong cdng ddng
+ Tai mgt so thdn. xa. nhieu gia dinh dang lam an d nude ngoiii thudng xuyen giii lien bac va
\al chat ve giiip dd hg hang, lang xdm, iing hd xay dung ca sd ha tang. Gia dinh cd con cai lam an xa Ihuong gui tien ve giiip cha me,
- Von tu nhicn
+ Truoc day, he sinh thai dSm pha co tinh da dang sinh hgc cao vdi nguon tai nguyen ddng thuc vat phong phu, c h i t lugng moi trudng nude phu hgp vdi hoat dgng N T T S . Tuy nhien, Irong nhii-ng nam Ird lai day, nguon lai thuy san ngay cang can kict do danh bat qua mirc, mdi Irudng nude xudng cip
DIA LY BIEN VA HAI DAO VIET NAM
Hoi Dia ly va Tai nguygn Moi Iruong Tliira Thicn Hug ._JL'^' "^" '^ ^'^!
-t- Nguon lgi thuy san bien kha ldn. nhung do thieu phuang ticn danh bat hien dai, chi datil gin bd nen danh bat thii) san kem hieu qua.
+ D5t dai dl trdng trot tuy nhicu nhung kem hieu qua. Mgt phiin do thdi tiet (ret dam, m keo dill trong nhirng nam gan day hoac niing ndng) nen dat dai bd irdng rat nhieu, nhicu khu virc trong 1 vu lua.
+ Tai nguyen cat thach anh kha phong phii (Phong Dicn) nhung cdng ddng chua co ca hgi can.
- V6n lai chinh: bao gdm v6n sKn eo (licl kiem, gui ngan hang, vay tin dung...) va v6n ihudng xuyen (lir trg cap, lam an, budn ban).
+ Von sSn cd: theo nhieu ngirdi dan ndi. "lien lain ra khdng elii sdng Idy ehi md del hem.
.sdng Id minig Idm rdi!'\ day cimg lii linh trang chung cua da sd ngirdi diin cong dong ven bicn Tli Thien Hue Doi vdi nguin tin dung (tir ngan hang, lo chiic cdng dong. hdi...) thi ngudi dan it co hdi tiep can vi hai nguyen nhan: thir nhSt la do chinh ngirdi dan khdng dam vay vi sg khdng ira dm Ihii hai la do muon vay nhirng khong vay du'gc vi td chirc tin dung khdng cho vay (vi cdn no, khong kha nang tra, khong ed kc hoach dau tu vdn ro rang..,)
+ V6ii Ihu thudng xuyen: von nay cua cgng ddng rat ngheo nan do chii yeu la lam nong ng tinh thu hang vu, rui ro cao va thu nhap ihap.
- Vdn vai chat-
+ Ddi vdi CO sd ha tang, trong nhiing nam gan diiy, nhd cac chinh sach phat irien ndng thon ci Nha nude cung nhu cac td chirc, du an ma cgng ddng dia phuang cd co' hdi tiep can va sir dung nhic han va tdt han eac cdng trinh ha lang trong sinh hoat va san xual: belong hoa dudng lien xa. lien ihcii dien va nude sach, trudng hge, buu dien, iram y te, nha van hoa xa, cha,
+ Ddi vdi cong cu san xuat thi ehii yeu la cong eu thd so, ky thuat thap: cay, cudc, ludi ca, glv nho,,, Cdn cac cdng cu ticn ticn nhu may cay, may keo, thuyen may... thi rat ban che, chii yeu la d Ihue ngudi khac hoac HTX. Vao miia vu gieo cay hoac thu hoach thi cac cdng cu nay rat kho ihue, ga[
In sdm khdng gat kip coi nhu mat trang.
Nhu vay, theo nhu kel qua dieu tra, khao sat va danh gia cac nguon vdn sinh ke ciia cdng dlii^
ven bien Thua Thien Hue Ihi ngudn lire tir phia cgng dong (kien thiic va kinh te) nh4iTi giam thieu ton thuang do lu lut la kha thip, Tuy ngudn kien thirc vd ciing phong phii, song ngudn lire kmh te eoii nhieu han che, ma day chinh la yeu td quyet dinh, ncn kha nang ung phd va thich iing vdi lu lut con nhieu han che.
3.2.2. Sv ho trg ciia chinh quyen dja phiro'ng
Ngoai su tu chii trong ung pho giam thilu ton ihuo'ng va thi'ch irng vdi m hit ciia cdng diug.
mgt nguon luc ben ngoai cung vo cimg quan trgng va khong ihl thilu, dd la su hd tra tir chinh quyin dia phuang.
_ Qua kit qua khao sat, vao miia lu lut cgng dong dan cu d tai ca cac dia phuong dIu nhan dugc su hd trg ciia chinh quyen dia phuang. Tuy nhicn, su ho trg nay khong ddng dIu ddi vdi mdi din phuong va ddi vdi mdi nhdm hd, mdi hd trong ciing dia phuong.
- Tap huan, tuyen truyen ve BDKH: rk k hoac khong cd
- v l thdng tin canh bao lii: 100% duac hd Irg b^ng nhilu hinh thirc nhu thdng bao qua loa diii.
thdng bao qua trudng ihdn, thong bao ve tan nha.
Hoi nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn thu 6. Thdnh phd Hui. 9/2012
H5i Dja ly va Tai nguyen Moi trudng Thira Thicn Hue Hoi Dia ly Viet Nam
- Luong Ihuc, Ihuc pham trong va sau lu" tuy moi dia p h u a n g , cd xa dugc hd trg 100%, cd xa chi cd hd ngheo mdi dugc hd trg.
- Di chuyen ngudi trong lfi: 100% dirge di chuyen khi lii den - Tien bac- khdng cd
- Lao ddng (giiip thu hoach, gat hai chay lu, kicn ed nha cira): it 3.3. K h a n a n g p h u c hdi
Kha nang phuc hoi sau lu lut ciia cdng ddng dia phuong ciing phu thugc viio hai nguon lire chinh, do lii nguon lu luc (Ui cgng dong) va nguon ho irg lii ekinh quyen dia p h u a n g .
DOI \ 6 I ngucin lir luc dc |)luie hdi kinh lc yia dinh la vd eiing quan trong. mang y nghTa then chol Khi da thiet hai do lu lut gii\ ra (cay trdng, \ii( nudi) thi chi biel lam lai lir dau, luy nhicn doi vdi nhirng hg co dieu kicn vc kinh lc Ihi dieu nay cd the thuc hien d u g c . nhung nhirng hg khong co dieu kicn thi hg cd gang di vay ba con, hg hang, lang xom. ngan hang... de lam lai, Cd nhung hd thiet hai lien luc da di den kicl que va no nan chdng chai. khong duoc vay licp vii di vao vong luiin qufin Day Cling ia dicu xiiy ra vdi so nhicu cac hg tai cdng dong nay, nhat la vdi nhdm ho N T T S
Con nguon tuc lir phia chinh quyen dia p h u a n g cQng khac nhau 6 moi dia p h u o n g Sau lu, eo nai ho tra gidng hay ticn mua gidng cho nhiing gia dinh thicl hai nang, eo noi hd trg vat chat sira lai nhii eira. co hg khong dirge ho tig gi
K F l LUAN
Qua nghicn ciiu \'c kha nang thich irng vdi BDKH ciia cong ddng dan cu d vimg dong biing va ven bicn Tinh Thiia Thicn Hue, cd the nit ra mot so kc't luan sau:
- Kha nang thich ling vdi BDKH ndi chung \ a lii kit ndi rieng eiia cdng dong dan eu d khu vuc dong bang va ven bien Tinh Thira Thien Hue la thap, hau het cac hg dan d diiy chua hicu sau \ e BDKI I va nhirng tac dgng ciia no den ddi sdng. sinh boat cung nhu siin xual,
- Cac nguon lire lir cdng dong nham giam tliicu tdn t h u a n g cdn han che: tuy tri thuc ban dia rat phong phii n h u n g khong con phii hgp hay khdng theo kjp su thay ddi eiia thdi tiet, khi hau, kicn Ihirc vc BDKH cdn rat han che, smh ke ciia ngudi dan kem ben vung - day la yeu to quyet dinh nhiil trong ngudn luc cdng ddng.
- Su hS t r a ciia chinh quyen dja p h u a n g khdng gidng nhau d moi dia phuong, chua dap irng dii nhu cau cua ngudi dan (ket qua dieu tra).
- Mii'c do hay kha nang phuc hdi sau 10 lut thap va bi dgng, dieu nay chii yen ciing do nguyen nhan kinh le.
Bai bao nay d u g c sir tai trg cua de tai cap Tinh T T H " Xay dung md hinh ihi diem giiip ndng clan thich iing vdi BBKIIilii lut) tgi Tinh Thica Thien Hue"
T A I L I E U THAIVl K H A O
1. Eg TN&IVIT, DFID, U N D P . Tom tdc chinh sach Xay dung khd ndng phuc hdi: Cdc chien luge thich img cho sinh ki ven biin chiu nhiiu ria ro nhdt do tdc ddng cua Bien doi khi hau & mien Trung Viet Nam. I la Ndi, 2009.
2. Pham Thj N h u n g . Giao trinh Phdn tich sinh ki, trudng Dai hgc N d n g Lam H u i . H u i , 12/2007.
DIA LY BIEN VA HAI DAO VIET NAM
Hgi Dja ly \a Tai nguyen Moi truong Thira Thien Hue Hoi Dia ly Vi6^'
3. Mai Thanh Son va nnk Bien ddi khi hau. Tdc ddng, khd ndng inig phd vd tndt so vein ife vi ij .sdch (Nghien ciru trumig hop dong bdo cc'ic ddn tgc ihiiu sd vimg nut phia lidc). 1 la Noi, 2011.
4. Lc Van Thang va nnk. Md hinh thich img vdi Dien ddi Khi hau cdp cgng ddng tgi vdng trUngi a tinh Thira Thien Hue. Nha xuit ban Ndng Nghigp, Ha Ngi, 2011.
5. UBND linh Thira Thien Hue. Bdo cao diiu tra hd ngheo vd can ngheo tinh Thiia Thien Hue^
eloan 201}-2015. Hui, 2010.
6. Vien TNMT&CNSH, Kel qua dieu tra ve lu hit vd bien ddi khi hau lai khu virc ddng bdngva\
bien linh nira Thien Hue, Hue 3/2012.
7. Nguyen Viet, Thien ted a Tliiia Thien Hue vd eac hien phdp phdng Irdnh. Hue, 2010.
Hgi nghi Khoa hoc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn thir 6; Thdnh phd Hui 9/^01 ^
