Biii Nam Khinh. Budn bdn ngudi qua bien gidi...
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Budn ban ngu'M qua bien gioi Viet Nam - Campuchia:
Thirc trang va mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua phong ngira
Biii Nam Khdnh * Hoc vien Ngoai giao
Ngdy nhgn bdi: 13/04/2019. ngdy giri phdn bien: 12/08/2019. ngdy duyel ddng 16/9/2019
"K Tan budn ban nguai dang dien bien phiic lap vd dnh hudng nghiem trgng den an ninh tren -Z V tuyin bien gidi Viet Nam - Campuchia. Thdi gian qua, cdc luc lurmg chuc ndng cua Viet Nam da phdt hien vd triit phd nhieu dudng ddy mua bdn ngudi qua tuyen bien gidi nay. Tuy nhiin, nan budn bdn ngudi da hinh thdnh dudng ddy. ngdy cdngphdc tgp, xuat hien cdc yeu td nude ngodi vd hogt dgng xuyen qudc gia. Trong phgm vi bdi viit, tdc gid ddnh gid ve thuc trgng budn bdn ngudi qua tuyen bien gidi Viet Nam-Campuchia vd de xuat mgt sd gidi phdp ndng cao hieu qud phdng ngira trong thai gian tdi
Tii khda: Budn ban ngudi, an ninh bien gidi, bien gidi Tay Nam, Viet Nam-Campuchia 1. M6' dau
Theo Bd Ngoai giao My (U.S Department of State, 2014, p.6), hing nam trgn tbg gidi, ed khoing 800 nghin den 1 trieu ngudi bj mua bin; cd 510 dudng diy mua bin ngudi tren the gidi vi 152 qudc gia, vimg lanh thd ed nan nhan bi mua bin. Nan budn ngudi la tdi pham qudc te Idn thii ba, sau budn lau ma tiiy vi budn bin vii khi bat hpp phap (Kavenagh, 2018). Theo udc tinh ciia Lien Hpp quoc, loi nhuan mi cic nhdm tpi pham ed dupe tii mua ban ngudi khoing 150 ty USD/nam (Minh Anh, 2018). Rieng khu vuc cic Tieu viing sdng Me Kdng, trong do cd Viet Nam, ludn dupe coi la dilm ndng eiia tmh trang mua bin ngudi, di cu bit hpp phap. Udc tinh, Ipi nhuan tir boat ddng mua bin ngudi tai khu vuc nay ldn tdi hing chuc ty USD/nam (Dang Doanh, 2018).
Bign gidi dat lien Viet Nam - Campuchia cd chieu dai khoang 1.137 km tinh tir diem diu tai vjtri nga ba Ddng Duong dgn diem cudi d bd bien Hi Tien, tinh Kign Giang ciia Viet Nam, tilp giip vdi tinh Kampot eiia Campuchia; di qua 10 tinh khu virc Tiy Nguyen va Tiy Nam Bd ciia Vigt Nam vi 9 tinh ciia Campuchia'. Tren toin tuyen bien gidi dat lien Viet Nam - Campuchia cd khoing 60 cap cuakhau^
cic dja phuang hai ben bldn gidi hau hit dgu li vung sau, viing xa heo linh, vdi dia binh hilm trd, giao
' Tuyen bien gidi dat hen Viet Nam - Campuchia, di qua 9 tinh ciia Campuchia li Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri, Kratii, Tbong Khmum, Svay Rieng, Prey Veng, Kandal, Takeo vi Kampot; 10 tinh cCia Viet Nam Ii Kon Turn, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dac Nong, Binh Phudc, Tiy Ninh, Long An, Ddng Thap, An Giang va Kien Giang.
^ Trong do co 10 cap ciia khau quoc te, 19 cap cira khiu quic gia vi hang chuc ciia khau phu (tilu nggch) do cic dia phuang hai ben md (Vuong Xuan Tinh, 2014, tr 69).
Nghien ciiu An Dp vi Chiu A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.60-67 60
Biii Nam Khanh. Budn bdn ngudi qua biin gidi...
thdng ban ehl, xa trung tam dd thi... Vi vgy, viec tuan tra, kigm soat tren tuygn bign gidi nay gap nhieu khd khan va la dieu kien thuan Ipi cho tdi pham mua ban ngudi qua bien gidi boat ddng (Cao Minh Huyen vi cdng su, 2017). Mac du cic eo quan chiic nang da tang cudng boat ddng diu tranh, triet phi nhilu dudng day, to chiic budn bin ngudi trdn tuyen bign gidi nhung loai tpi pham nay vin khdng giam, cd dau hieu boat ddng manh ddng vi tiem an nhieu yeu to phiic tap ban.
2. Tinh hinh budn ban ngyoi qua bien gioi Viet Nam - Campuchia
Thdi gian qua, eac luc lupng chiic ning cua Viet Nam (Bd Cdng an, Bd Tu lenh Bd dpi bign phdng, Cdng an cic don vj, djaphuang...)dapbithignva triet phi nhigu dudng diy mua bin ngudi cd td chiic, hoat ddng ci trong ndi dia v i tren eic tuyen bien gidi. Tinh hinh mua bin ngudi qua bien gidi dign ra rit phiic tap, xiy ra d hau bdt tren cac dia phuong trong c i nude. Tdi pham mua bin ngudi d Viet Nam dien ra ngiy cing phiic tap ve c i sd lupng vu viec, so ddi tupng lan tinh chat, thii doan eilng nhu pham vi va dja bin hoat ddng. Theo bao cio cua Bd Cdng an, trong 5 nam (2012-2017), cd khoing hon 3.090 nan nhan hi mua bin va nghi vin bj mua bin, trong dd, chii yeu la phu nir, tre em (chigm tren 90%). Co quan dieu tra da khdi td 1.021 vu an, 2.035 bi can, chiem tren 97%i sd tin bio, td giic da tiep nhan, xii ly(LgThj Thu Dung, 2019), trong dd cd 90%) sd vu mua ban ngudi lide dua ra nude ngoii vi tip trung d cic tuyen bien gidi (Mai Dan, 2018). Hdi nghj tdng kit cao diem tan cdng, trin ip tdi pham mua bin ngudi giira Campuchia- Lao - Viet Nam nam 2018 to ehiic tai Viet Nam ngiy 26/3/2019 da tong ket:
Nam 2018, cic caquan chiic nang Viet Nam da phit hien xiyra211 vu, 276 ddi tugng, 386 nan nhan;
khdi td 200 vu, 261 bi can pham tdi ve mua ban ngudi; Vien kiem sit nhin dan eae cap da tmy to 109 vu, 194 hi can; Tda in nhin din cic cap thu ly theo thu tuc sathim 130 vu, 233 bj cio pham cic tgi vg mua bin ngudi; sd vu in mua bin ngudi ra nude ngoii chiem khoang 80% (Vii Linh, 2019).
Trgn tuygn bien gidi Viet Nam - Campuchia, tir nam 2012 den nam 2018, cic ca quan chiic nang da phit hien khoing hon 300 vu mua bin ngudi, chiem hon 20%) tdng sd vu mua ban ngudi tren tuyen bien gidi, diing thii bai sau mygn bien gidi Trung Qudc (Diic Tuan, 2018). Cac luc lugng ehiic nang Viet Nam da diiu tra co bin xic djnh 17 tuyen (lign tinh, huyen) va tu diem djch vu tai khu vuc bign gidi thudng xuygn thu hiit khoing 300 - 500 phu nii li ngudi Viet Nam v i Campuchia boat dpng mai dim cd bilu hien mua bin ngudi (Quang Dao, 2018); 21 tuyln, 49 dia bin xuit hien 70 tu dilm, 56 casino va 36 trudng gi thudng xuygn thu hiit ngudi Viet Nam danh bac, cudng biic lao ddng, cho vay nang lai (Tan Trudng, 2016). Nan nhin ciia cic vu mua bin ngudi qua Campuchia chii ylu la phu nii, tre em vi tip tmng a cic tinh khu vuc Tiy Nguygn, Binh Phudc, Tiy Ninh, Long An, Ddng Thap, An Giang, Kign Giang.... Nhung nan nhin niy khi sap biy cua dudng diy budn ngudi se bi ep lam mai dim trong cic tiem cit tdc, gdi diu, mit xa tra hinh hoac bi bdc lot siic lao dgng trong cic co sd kinh doanh djch vy, cdng trudng va khu cdng nghiep khai thac khoang sin. Ding chii y tinh trang ngudi Vigt Nam bj lira ban sang Campuchia dl dua sang nude thii ba ep budc lay chdng bat hpp phip, boat dpng mgi dim, cudng biic lao ddng, de thue (Thdng tin xa Viet Nam, 2016). Ngoii ra, edn phat hign mpt so phy nu, tre em ngudi nude ngoai bi dua trai phep qua Viet Nam sang Campuchia bin di eae nude khic vi mua bin dan dng de cudng biic lao ddng, mua ban tre sa sinh (Nhu Nggc Cuong, 2018). Cic bing nhdm tdi pham nay cd su mdc ndi cau kgt chit che vdi nhau, tao thinh mpt dudng diy xuygn quoc gia vdi quy trinh khep kin tir khiu tuyen chpn, lira gat, van chuyen, giao djch va bdc lot.
Nghign ciiu An Dp vi Chiu A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.60-67 61
Biii Nam Khinh. Budn bdn ngudi qua bien gidi...
Trong nhiing nam gin day, cic lire lupng chiic nang da phit hi^n cic ddi tupng ngudi Campuchia, Trung Qudc vi Viet Nam mdc ndi hinh thanh cic dudng day, to chiic lira gat phu nii Campuchia vao Viet Nam, qua Quing Ninh hogc Lio Cai de bin sang Trung Qudc. Dien binh nhu ngay 16/9/2016, sau khi nhan tin bio eua Dai sii quin Campuchia tai Viet Nam, lyre lupng Cdng an vi Bg dpi Bien phdng tinh Quing Ninh da phdi hpp tuan tra, kiem soat hanh chinh v i phit hien, giii ciiu 03 phu nii Campuchia dang bi ddi tupng Le Thj Van (sinh nam 1985, tni tai ap Thuan Thinh, xa Tan Tien, huyen Dim Doi, tinh Ci Mau) giam giO tai phdng 401 - nha nghi Tbidn Huang (khu 2, phuong Ka Long, thinh phd Mdng Cai, Quang Ninh). Qua khai thic dgi tugng Van dupe bilt, ngiy 09/9/2016, Vin dugc mdt ngudi phy nir tgn Thiiy (chua rd lai Ijch) thug dua 03 phu nff Campuchia tren tir Thinh phd Hd Chi Minh ra Mdng Cii giao ebo mpt ngudi Trung Qudc tdn Hoang Tai Toin (sinh nam 1974, tni tai Ddng Hung, Quang Tay, Trung Qude) dl dua sang Trung Quoc bin (Qudc Thii, 2016). Ong Vo Tin Dung, Dpi trudng Doi phdng ngiia dau tranh chdng te nan xi hdi vl mua ban ngudi Cdng an tinh Tay Ninh cho biet; "Phuang thuc, thu dogn cua cdc ddi tugng ngdy cdng tinh vi, chuyen nghiep vd kin ddo han. Phuang thirc mdi nhdt cua logi tdi phgm mua bdn ngudi hiin nay Id khong true tiip td chirc tuyen ehgn, dua di nude ngodi bdn nhu trudc ddy. Theo dd, sau khi dd tim kiim, tuyen ehgn dugc phu nir, cdc doi tugng chup dnh rdi gui tin nhdn cho ngudi nude ngodi xem mat lua ehgn. Nhirng phu nu dugc ehgn se diegc hudng ddn tu dl mdy bay ra Hd Ndi hogc sang thdng Trung Qudc, trong khi cdc doi tugng khdng true tiep di cimg ngn nhdn. Mdt thd dogn tinh vi khdc Id cdc ddi lugng nir thudng loi dung mgng xd hdi kit bgn, ldm quen vai phu nu d cdc tinh, ddc biet la a cdc vimg que. Sau mdt thdi gian quen biet than han, nhihig ddi tugng nay du dd ngn nhdn vi qui chai, sau dd lira ggt bdn sang nude ngodi" (Giang Phuong 2018).
Cd nhieu nguyen nhin de tdi pham mua bin ngudi qua tuyen bien gidi Viet Nam - Campuchia tiep tyc dien bien phiic tap, trong do, mdt sd nguyen nban chii yeu la:
Thunhdt, cdng tie phdng, chong tdi pham mua bin ngudi dupe Chinh phd xic dinh li mpt nhiem vy chinh tri quan trpng. Song mpt so bd, nginh vi dia phuang chua thuc sy: vio cupc, thieu cic ke hoach va bien phip cu the nen chua thu hiit dugc cic ting Idp nhin din tham gia phdng ngira vi chu dpng dau tranh chdng tpi pham mua bin ngudi (Nhdn Ddn, 2018). Din tdi, tinh hinh boat ddng cua tpi pham mua ban ngudi trong ci nude ndi chung, tuygn bien gidi Viet Nam-Campuchia ndi rieng vin dien biin phiic tap, cd xu hudng tang va qudc te hda, tilm in nhilu dudng diy, bang d nhdm boat ddng ngim. Cdng tic nim tinh hmh vi tip trung chi dao dau tranh vdi loai tdi phgm nay cua lire lugng Cdng an va Bien phdng cac cap cdn nhilu bit cap va ylu kem. Ty le diiu tra khim phi chua phin anh dupe thuc trang tinh hinh nen chua tic dyng ngin chin tpi phgm va te nan niy (Cao Minh Huyen va cpng su, 2017).
Thu hai, cdng tie tuyen truyen d Viet Nam chua dugc thuc hien tot, d nhilu dja phuang, vi?c cung cip thdng tin va tuyen truyen cho ngudi dan ve hoat ddng cua cic loai tdi phgm cdn lung tiing, chua da dang trong phuang thiie, ndi dung tuyen truyen ndn chua nang cao dupe nhin thiic ciia ngudi dan, ph^t huy dugc vai trd ciia cae td chirc doin the, xa hpi, nhat la d cic tuyen dia bin cd nguy co cao trong cdng tic phdng ngira, phit hien, tham gia dau tranh vdi cic logi tdi pham, trong do cd tdi pham budn b ^ ngudi. Mat khic, khu vuc giap bien gidi Campuchia, chii ylu la viing siu, viing xa, trinh dg dan tri thap, mdt phan ldn li ddng bio dan tdc it ngudi (bd phin idn khdng bilt hoac khdng am hiiu tiing Vi?t), trong khi ca quan chiic nang vin ap dung cic hinh thuc tuyen truygn thieu linh boat, nang ve t6 chvitc
Nghign ciiu An Dp vi Chiu A. So 9 - 2019, tr.60-67 62
Biii Nam Khinh. Budn bdn ngudi qua bien gidi.
hdi nghi, phd bien, phit tai lieu, td rai bang tigng phd thdng khign viec tiep can thdng tin eiia ngudi din cdn ban che.
Thirba, bien gidi Viet Nam-Campuehiacd dja hinh phiic tgp; nhin dan bai bgn bign gidi mdi quan he than tdc, dan tdc liu ddi, thudng xuygn qua lai thim thin, di chp, chira benh,... ngn hinh thinh nhigu dudng mdn, dudng tat qua lai bidn gidi (Phan Anh, 2010, tr.4); trong khi luc lugng lam nhiem vu dau tranh phdng, chdng tpi pham mdng, trang thiet bj, phuang tien ky thuat thieu va chua ddng bd nen cdng tic kigm tra, kiem soat bien gidi, ciia khiu edn gap nhieu khd khan. Nhin din khu vuc bign gidi sinh sdng phin tin, nhin thirc xa hdi thip, thieu hieu biet phip luat, thigu canh giic ngn de trd thinh nan nhin eua cac ddi tupng budn ngudi. Bdn cgnh dd, mdt phin do phia Campuchia trien khai cic du in phit trign du lieh, djch vy giai tri nhu vu trudng, sdng bgc... d cac tinh giap bign gidi Viet Nam, digu niy keo theo nhu ciu tuyen dyng nhieu nhin vien, nhat li nil'. Thdng tin tir cic ca quan chirc nang nhu Bd Cdng an, Bd Tu lenh Bp dpi Bien phdng, tren 90%) sd nan nhin hi mua bin li phu nii, tre em; thudng tap trung d viing ndng thdn, mien ntii, nhat li viing siu, viing xa, viing bien gidi. Nguyen nhin chii yeu khien nan nhan rai vio cgm biy ciia tdi pham mua ban ngudi li do ddi sdng kinh tg cdn ngheo khd, trinh dp din tri thap, thiiu hieu bilt (Quang Dao, 2018).
Thd tu, phuang thiic, thu dogn boat ddng ciia tdi pham mua bin ngudi ngiy cing tinh vi, cd su ciu kgt chat che giiia cic ddi tupng trong vi ngoai bidn gidi Ddi tuong chit muu, cam dau chii ygu d dja bin ndi dia hoac ngoai bien gidi, chiing triet dg loi dung dien thoai di ddng, mang xa hgi dg thuc hien hinh vi pham tgi, giy nhieu khd khan cho cdng tic phit hien va dau tranh. Trong nhijng nam gin day, tgi pham da Igi dung su phat trign cua mang xa hdi nhu Zalo, Facebook, Wechat, Viber... tiep can, lim quen vdi mdt sd phu nii, tre em gii dg thuc hign phgm tdi. Ngn nhin chii yeu tii' cic tinh npi dja dupe trung chuyen qua dia bin bien gidi nen khdng thdng thao dia hinh hogc khi biet minh bi lii'a ban khd cd dieu kien trinh bio CO quan chiic ning, ci biet cd nhieu nan nhan khdng biet tdn, dia chi that cua ngudi lii'a bin minh, khai bao khdng ro ring, giy khd khan cho cdng tic xac minh, truy bit ddi tugng pham tdi.
Thu ndm. cdng tic xiy dung va hoin chinh phap lugt cdn cham. Nhilu van ban phip luat ve phdng, chdng tdi pham mua bin ngudi cdn phin tin, chua tip trung vao mdt dau mdi. Dae biet thigu cac van bin hudng din cu the nen trong qui trinh thuc hien khd khan vi thieu thdng nhit. Bgn cgnh dd, phip luat phdng, chdng mua bin ngudi ciia Viet Nam vdi Campuchia cdn nhieu diem khic nhau, viec quin ly cic loai hinh kinh doanh djch vu lign quan dgn te nan xa hdi cua cic nude tigp giap cdn bit cap.
Thusdu. hop tic giiia Viet Nam va Campuchia trong phdng, chdng tpi pham mua ban ngudi cdn nhieu ban che. Die biet, ii thieu cic hiep dmh tuong trp tu phap, din do tdi pham, cic nghj dinh thu, cic kg hogcb hgp tic cu tbg trong phdng, chdng tdi pham mua ban ngudi nen rat khd khan trong phdi hpp, trao ddi thdng tin, hd trp dieu tra xic minh, truy bat tdi pham cung nhu giii ciru, bio ve vi tigp nhin nan nhin bi budn bin trd vl. Ngoai ra, cic ddi tugng pham tdi Ipi dung chinh sich md, thdng thoing trong thii tuc xuit nhap cinh, de dua ngudi trai phep ra nude ngoii dudi dang du Ijch, tham than, lao ddng trii phep...
3. Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu qua phong ngira nan buon ban ngiroi tren tuyen bien gioi Viet Nam - Campuchia
Nghign ciiu An Do vi Chau A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.60-67
Biii Nam Khinh. Budn bdn ngudi qua biin giai...
Trong thdi gian tdi, nan budn bin ngudi qua bien gidi Viet Nam tiep tye cd nhiing dien bidn phiic tap. Do nhirng Ipi nhuan cao tir viec budn bin ngudi, ciing vdi Ipi dung chinh sich md cua hdi nhap cua Viet Nam, dia hinh phuc tgp, hidm trd khu vuc bien gidi gay khd khin cho viee tuin tra, kigm soit cua cic ca quan chiic ngn cac ddi tupng budn ban ngudi tang cudng boat ddng, hinh thinh dudng diy vi ngiy cang manh ddng. De nang cao hieu qui cdng tie phdng ngira ngn budn bin ngudi tren tuygn bien gidi Viet Nam-Campuchia trong thdi gian tdi, cic luc lugng chiic nang cin thue hien mdt cich kjp thdi, ddng bd mdt sd giii phap sau:
Thunhdt, tilp mc thue hien Chi thj 48/CT-TW ngay 22/10/2010 cua Bd Chinh trj vl ting cudng su lanh dao ciia Dang ddi vdi cdng tic phdng, chdng tdi pham trong tinh hinh mdi, Chi thi sd 09/CT-TW ngay 01/12/2011 cua Ban Bi thu vl tang cudng su lanh dgo ciia Ding doi vdi phong trio toin din bao ve an ninh To qudc trong tinh hinh mdi, Chi thi so 1408/CT-TTg, ngiy 01/9/2009 ciia Thii tudng Chinh phii ve phdng, chdng tdi phgm xam hai tre em, mua bin tre em. Tigp tuc tham mtm cho cap liy, chinh quyen va phdi hpp chat che vdi cic td chirc quin chiing triin khai cic bien phip tuyen truyen, pbd bien phap lugt dl mpi ngudi din biet va nim dugc phuong thiic, thu doan boat ddng ciia tdi pham mua bin ngudi. Thiet lip dudng day ndng (dien thoai, email..,) de thu thap cac thdng tin td giac tdi pham mua bin ngudi. Thudng xuyen td ehiic cic dgt cao diem tan cdng tdi pham mua bin ngudi trgn eae tuygn, dja ban trgng dilm, eae tinh bien gidi giip Campuchia. Td chiic cac budi giao ban dinh ky vdi Cdng an, Bign phdng nude ban de trao ddi thdng tin ve tinh hinh tdi pham, xac minh giii ciru nan nhan bj lira bin... Chiitrgngcdngtactuan tra kigm soit bi mat kgt hop cdng khai tai khu vuc bien gidi, eic eiia khau ndi dja, cic loi mdn de phit hien, ngan chin cic trudng hgp dua ngudi xuit cinh trii phep qua bien gidi,
77iM'/?(7/,td chiic trign khai trgn toan qude thue hien Quygt dinh sd 2546/QD-TTg, ngiy 31/12/2015 vi Quyet dinh sd 793/QD-7Tg, ngiy I0/5/20I6 cua Thu tudng Chinh phii phe duyet Chuang trinh phdng, chdng mua bin ngudi giai doan 2016 - 2020 vi ^'Ngdy todn ddn phdng. chdng mua bdn ngudi - 30/T\ Thudng xuygn thdng bio phuang thiic, thii doan eua tgi phgm va chinh sich, phip luat mdi vg cdng tic phdng, chdng mua bin ngudi; cap nhit, khai thic dii lieu ding nhap vio phin mgm "Quan ly cdng tdc phong, chdng mua bdn ngudi". Bd Cdng an chu tri td chirc so kdt thuc hien Chuong trinh 130/CP giai doan I (2016 - 2018) vikilm tra, danh gia viec tbuc hien Chuang trinh I30/CP tai cic Bd, nganh, dja phuong.
Thir ba. kien quyet dieu tra kham phi, xu ly ngbigm cic vy in mua ban ngudi, diu tranh triet phi cic dudng day tdi phgm mua ban ngudi xuyen qudc gia, cd ygu td nude ngoii, bit, xii ly cae ddi tugng pham tdi; tip trung luc lupng giii quylt dtit diem cic vy mua ban ngudi cdn ton dgng.
Thir tu, chii ddng ra soit, xiy dung, hoin thien be thdng cic van bin phip quy lien quan tdi pham mua ban ngudi va phd bign rdng rai trong quan chiing nhan din. Chinh phii can sdm chi dao xay dung va ban hanh eic van ban quy pham phip luat hudng dan thi hinh Bd luat Hinh su (nam 2015) vi Luat sura ddi, bd sung mgt sd diiu ciiaBd luat Hinh su (nim 2015), cd bieu luc tir ngiy 01/01/2018, trong dd, cd phin lien quan ddn tdi pham mua bin ngudi va bio ve nan nhin; td cbirc cic hogt ddng danh gii tic dgng thuc hien Luat Phdng, chdng mua bin ngudi, kiln nghj vdi ea quan cd thim quyen cac giii phap nang cao hieu qui thi hanh hoac sua ddi, bd sung, hoin thien Luat phii hgp Bd luat Hinh su vira mdi
Nghien ciiu An Do va Chiu A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.60-67 ; 64
Bill Nam Khinh. Budn bdn ngudi qua bien gidi...
ban hinh v i thuc tien; ra soat, nghign ciiu, sa ket viec thuc hien cae van bin, de xuat sua ddi, bd sung hoac ban hanh cic van ban hudng dan thi hinh Luat Phdng, chdng mua bin ngudi, nhat Ii lien quan den cdng tic tigp nhan, xac minb, bio ve vi hd trg nan nhin bj mua bin; trien khai Dg in nghign ciru ve viec gia nhap Nghi dinh thu ve chdng ngudi di cu trii phep bang dudng bd, dudng bien vi dudng khdng bd sung Cdng ude chdng tpi pham cd td chiic xuyen qudc gia (Cdng udc TOC); td chiic pbd bien, giio due phap luat, nhat li Bd lugt Hinh su (sua ddi) v i cic van bin quy pham phip luat ed lign quan mdi ban hinh nhim ning cao nhin thiic cho cic cap, nginh v i ngudi dan chu ddng phdng ngira, tich cue tham gia phdng, chdng tdi pham mua bin ngudi.
Thd ndm. td chiic tdt cac boat dpng tii hda nhap cdng ddng cho nhung phu nii, tre em bi mua bin trd ve, phdi hpp vdi cic td chiic, doan tbl tgo dieu kien giiip dd hp nhanh chdng khic phuc nhung khd khan ve kinh tg, xda di mac cam vg bin thin, hd trg hge nghg, tu van tam ly, kham chira benh mien phi cho cae ngn nhan bi lira bin, bd tri cdng an viec lam de hg dn dinh eudc sdng.
Thu sdu, Viet Nam ein ting cudng hpp tic vdi Campuchia ve diu tranh phdng, chdng tdi pham mua bin ngudi, trong do, tiep tue trign khai thuc hien cic hiep djnh, thda thuan hop tic song phuang da ky vdi Campuchia ve phdng, chong mua ban ngudi, trgng tam la thuc hien cic boat ddng uu tien hgp tic da dugc ca quan chiic nang hai nude thdng nhat, trong dd td cbirc bdi nghi thudng nign giira Viet Nam - Campuchia de dinh gii kgt qui hgp tie trong vin de niy. Td chiic phdi hpp giira ca quan dai dien ngogi giao eiia Viet Nam vdi ca quan cbiic nang Campuchia nam tinh hinh, kip thdi phit hien vi giii ciiu nan nhin, bio ve quyen Ipi hpp phip vi hoi huong cdng dan Viet Nam li nan nhin bi mua ban trd vl nude. Duy tri giao ban, trao ddi thdng tin, dudng day ndng giiia cac ca quan chiic ning cua Viet Nam vdi ca quan huu quan ciing cip cua Campuchia de phdi hgp xac minb, giii quyet vu viec mua bin ngudi, truy bat ddi tugng pham tdi; giii ciiu va hdi huong nan nhin bj mua bin.
4. K^t luan
Tdi pham mua bin ngudi dang li mdt van de xa hpi, dien bien phirc tap vi cd xu hudng gia tang trgn quy md toan ciu. 0 Viet Nam, do tic dpng tii tinh hinh the gidi vi khu vuc nen tpi pham mua ban ngudi van cd chieu hudng gia ting d tit ca eic tinh, thanh trong ca nude, nhit la khu vuc bien gidi. Do die diem thuan Ipi nen thdi gian tdi tuyen bien gidi Viet Nam - Trung Qude, Vipt Nam - Campuchia vin ti tuyen trpng diem cho cac boat dgng budn bin ngudi. De diu tranh hieu qui vdi nan budn ban ngudi, Viet Nam can tang cudng hop tic qudc tg ve diu tranh phdng chdng tdi pb^m budn bin ngudi.
Trien khai cd hieu qui cac dieu ude qudc te da phuong vg phdng chdng tdi pham budn ban ngudi, nhu nghj djnh thu ve vi?c phdng ngira, tran ap vi trimg trj hinh vi budn bin ngudi, dac bi?t Ii phu nii vi tre em; kign quyet dieu tra khim pha, xir ly nghiem cic vu in budn ban ngudi, dau tranh triet phi cic dudng diy tpi pham budn bin ngudi xuyen quoc gia, cd yeu td jiudc ngoai, bat, xu ly cic ddi tugng phgm tdi.
Ddng thdi, Viet Nam can tang cudng cic boat ddng truygn thdng phdng ngira tir Trung uong tdi dja phuong, nhit li cic viing siu, vung xa, viing die biet khd khan, khu vuc bien gidi. Nba nude cin nang cao hieu qui cdng tac tilp nhan, xic minh, bao ve vi hd trp nan nhan bi mua bin de sdm hda nhap cdng dong.
Nghien ciiu An Dp vi Chau A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.60-67.
Bill Nam Khinh. Budn bdn nguai qua bien gidi...
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Bui Nam Khinh. Budn bdn ngudi qua bien giai..
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