C o n g h o - C i m t h i e u t a i l i e n lu'n trff ,
LTS. Cdch dfiy 50 ndm (1963-2013), dUdi sii chi dgo cua Trung Ui/ug Ddng, Bg Tii lenh Qudn khu 9, Ddng b<) vd nhdn ddn Cd Mau cimg vdi cdc hie lififng vu trang Qudn khu 9 (T3) dd lam nen mgt chie'u thang Dam Dffi - Cdi Ntidc - Chd Ld. Chiin thdng ndy Id bieu tUg'ng sinh dgng ve chii nghTa anh hiing cdch mgng, sU doiin kit gdn bd cua qudn vd ddn. Id mdc son chdi lot ddnh da'u budc IrUi'/ng thdnh vidft hgc trong lanh dgo, chi huy, trong phdi hgp hiep ildug ldc chiin cua qudn ddn Cd Mau vd cdc bic lUang vu trang ci'ia Qudn khu 9, gtip phdn ddnh bgi chiin liicfc "Chiin tranh cue bg" vd "Vi$t Nam hda chiin tranh " cila My - Ngiiy.
Nhdn lau thi'i 50 ky ni^m chiin thdng ve vang ndy, chung toi xin gif'ii thieu mgt cdi nhin todn cue ciia chiin trUdng mien Nam trong nhiing ndm ddu ciia cugc khdng chiin chd'ng My ciiu nUdc qua cugc ddu tranh chong lgi "Quo'c sach dp chiin lUgc" cua M\ - Diem giai doan 1954-1963. ^O • f t
TU" CHliN T H A N G D A M DOI, CAI NaCfC, CHA LA NGHi VE PHONG TRAO CHONG PHA "AP CHIEN LUOC"
CUA QUAN VA DAN MIEN DONG NAM DO
Dqi td, PGS, TS. HO SON DAI Trtfdng phong KHCN-MT, Bo Tham nnuu Qudn khu 7
C
hien thiing Diim Ddi, Ciii Ntfdc, Chii La dien ra trong bdi ciinh My - Nguy rao ridt thtfc hien chien lUdc"Chien tranh diic biet", day manh chtfdng trinh binh dinh ndng Ihdn mien Nam ma "xtfdng sd'ng" la "Ap chien Itfdc".
"Ap chien Itfdc" lii khu ddn diin d ndng thdn do My va chinh quyen Ngd Dinh Diem Ulp ra ttf nam 1962, nham tach diin ra khdi Ciich mang, "Uit ntfdc bill cii", thtfc hien chinh siich binh dinh d mien Nam. Vdi md thtfc iip diit ciic hg diln thiinh ttfng nhdm kiem soiit liin nhau ben trong hiing riio cd cdng stf nhieu lang, va life Itfdng vu trang I iem .soat nghiem ngiii cung vdi he thd'ng quan ly chill che Cii ve chinh tri, quan stf, kinh te', van hda, "ap chien Itfdc"
mang linh chat ctf diem phdng ve cua chinh quyen Sai Gdn nham chdng phong trao ndi day va chie'n tranh du kich cua nhan dan mien Nam, la qudc siich, la "xtfdng sdng" cua chiing trong chie'n Itfdc "Chidn Iranh diic biet".
Nham chd'ng lai am miAi mdi cua dich, nhiin dan va Itfc Itfdng vfi trang Nam Bd da sang tiio ra vd vim each diinh he'l stfc ddc diio vii c6 hieu quil trong khi trien khai mdt phong trao chd'ng pha "ii'p ehien Itfdc" sau rdng. ke't hdp ba mui giiip cdng, phii ra ttfng mang ldn
"a'p chie'n lu'oc" do dich xiiy dtfng len. Diim Ddi, Cai Ntfdc, Chii La chinh la nhtfng stf kien nam trong chudi hoat ddng dien hinh cua tdng the phong trim quan vii diin tren chie'n trtfdng ^ 2 chd'ng phii qudc sach "a'p chie'n Itfdc" ctJa My - Nguy, Y nghTa, he qua cua chien thang Dam Ddi, Cai Ntfdc, Cha La vi the khdng tiich rdi nhtfng sang tao lrong phong trao chdng pha "Ap chidn lifdc" ciia quan va dan mien Dong Nam Bd.
"Qud'c sach a'p chie'n Itfdc" la bien phiip chien Itfdc giiinh diln, ra ddi i\i thii'l bai cua chinh sach "td cdng", "Cai tie'n ndng thdn",
"Cai each dien dia", lap
"Khu dinh dien", "Khu Iru mat" cua My - Nguy lrong qua trinh tidn hanh chien Itfdc "Chien tranh dac biet".
Ttf sau Hiep dmh Geneve nam 1954, de qudc My trtfc tiep nhay vao mien Nam Viet Nam, dtfng len, chi dao Chinh quyen va quan dgi tay sai thtfc hign "td' cdng, diet cdng", dan ap phong trao each mang mien Nam.
52 Van thtf Ltfu trtf Vi^t Nam sd' 12/2013
£«!!g_bo^^iflli t h i e u tai Ueu ltfu trff Nhiim kiem soat vting dSn ctf ndng thdn, chinh quyen Siu Gdn lap ra cac "Khu dinh dien". Ttf nam 1957, d mien Ddng Nam Bd, chiing lap du'dc 7 "Khu dinh dien" d Mdc Hda (Long An), Tan Uyen (Bidn Hda), Bdi Ldi (Tay Ninh). Ke hoach "Khu dinh dien" ihii't bai, ttf nam 1959,
"Khu dinh dien" dtfdc thay the bang "Khu trij mfil" vdi bien phap dung bao lu'c ddn dan vao mdt khu vu'c Idn, chung quanh rao day kem gai va cd thiip canh kiem soat. Thang lgi ciia Phong trao Dong khdi nam 1960 da pha vd can biln he thd'ng kim kep cua dich d viing ndng thdn. Chtfdng trinh binh dinh vdi cac hinh thtfc
"Khu dinh dien", "Khu trii mat" khdng mang lai ke't qua. De ctfu van tinh the, de qud'c My bugc phai chuyen sang thtfc hien chie'n Itfdc "Chid'n tranh diic biet", md dfiu bang ke hoach Staley- Taylor binh dinh mien Nam trong vdng 18 thiing. Ttf thang 8-1961 den thang 2-1962, My - Diem tien hanh chie'n dich "xiiy dtfng ndng thdn", la'y dja ban ba tinb vijng ven thanh phd' Sai Gdn la Tay Ninh, Binh Dtfdng va Binh Tuy lam thi diem. De'n giffa nam 1962, nhtfng kinh nghiem va nguyen tac cd biln ciia chie'n dich
"xiiy dtfng ndng thdn" dtfdc hoiin thien, phat trien thiinh "Qud'c sach a'p chie'n Itfdc" va dtfa ra ap dung tren toan mien Nam Viet Nam.
Nhtf vay, "Ap chidn Itfdc" la bien phiip chidn Itfdc gianh diin dtfdc My -Nguy nghien ctfu, phat trien ttf nhtfng nguyen tac vii kinh nghiem trong qua trinh thtfc hien citc chtfdng trinh "Khu dinh dien", "Khu trii mat", "Ap ttf ve", ke ca kinh nghiem "Lang chie'n dii'u" cua Viet Minh trong khang chien chd'ng Phap va kinh nghidm cua Malaysia do cd' va'n ngtfdi Anh Robert Thompson phd dat. Nd dtfdc xac dinh la nhiem vu trung tam xuyen sud't, la "xtfdng sd'ng" cua chtfdng trinh binh djnh mien Nam. Thtfc hien qudc Siich "Ap chie'n Itfdc", dich htfdng tdi muc tieu mdt mui ten bitn ba dich:
1) Tach Cdng san ra khoi nhan dan, lam cho Cdng Siin biTt ldi trong thtfc bien phtfdng thtfc chien tranh nhan diln, khdng huy dgng dtfdc stfc n"ifdi, stfc cua trong nhiin dan;
2) Kiem soat chat che diin chung, xay tao ha
tang cd sd lam chd dtfa cho che do Viet Nam Cgng hda d vijng ndng thdn;
3) Tao ctf diem, diem ttfa cho quan life Viet Nam Cdng hda va luc Itfdng nghia quan, dan ve phdng thu, tan cdng quan each mang.
Mdt gudng may do so lam nhiem vu ttf vCn, chi dao, chi huy xay dtfng "Ap chien Itfdc" dtfdc thiet lap. O ca'p trung tfdng, cd "Uy ban Hen bg"
dac trach a'p chie'n lu^dc tren toan mien Nam gdm Bg Qud'c phdng, Bd Ndi vu, Tong Nha canh sat, Nha chien tranh tam Iy. Phai bd vien trd quan stf My MAAG cd "Phong a'p chie'n Itfdc" do mot dai ta My phu trach. To^ Dai stf My d Sai Gdn lap "tjy ban vien trd ii'p chie'n Itfdc" chl dao dieu hanh loan bd chtfdng trinh lap ap chien Itfdc tai mien Nam Viel Nam.
Tai mien Ddng Nam Bd, ttf gitfa nilm 1962, dich rao riet trien khai chtfdng trinh xay difng
"Ap chidn Itfdc", trtfdc het d nhtfng viing ta va dich dang tranh chap, vung dich chiem ddng hoac mdi la'n chie'm, dac biet la d ven dd thi, ciic can ctf quan stf, kho tang chie'n Itfdc va ven cac dtfdng giao thdng quan trong. Be'n Ttfdng (Be'n Cat, Binh Dtfdng) dtfdc chon xay dtfng thanh
"Ap chie'n Itfdc kieu miu" lam thi diem cho loan mien Nam. "Ap" thtfdng dtfdc xay dtfng d khu dai trd'ng, sau dd ctfdng btfc dan ttf cac xdm lang ve. Cung cd ndi, dich khoanh vung ddng dan ctf lai, xay dtfng thiinh "Ap chidn Iifdc" tai chd. Bdn mat "Ap" deu ca'u true nhieu Idp hang rao day kem gai, tre gai, bai min, cd Ciic Id cd't, thap canh kiem soat, chl trtf mgi ctfa ra viio, do dan ve, "thanh nien chien da'u" giic trtfc. O trung tiim
"Ap chidn Itfdc" thtfdng cd ttf mgt den hai ddn bdt ciia bao an, dan ve, ket hdp bgn te diep liim nhiem vu khd'ng che nhan dan. Trong mdi nhdm gia dinh, chung lap td "NgCi gia hen biio", mdt hinh thtfc kem kep chat nhan diin hong "Ap".
Vdi viec to chtfc kiem soat bd'phdng bang nhieu Itfc Iddng vii each thtfc chiit che nhu' tren, "Ap chien Itfdc" dtfdc coi la nhtfng "phiio dai" ba't kha xam pham. My Nguy dat ra muc tieu de'n cud'i nam 1962 phai xay dtfng xong 11.000 "Ap chidn Itfdc" trong tdng so' 17.000 "Ap" theo ke hoach tren loan mien Nam
V a n thtf Ltfu trtf V i e t l>fam s o 1 2 / 2 0 1 3 53
Cong ho - Gi^i thien tai lien ltfu trff Trtfdc chien lu^dc gianh dan nguy hiem vdi qud'c Siich "Ap chien lu'dc" ciia djch, ihang 4- 1962, Trung tfdng Cue mien Nam ra nghi quyet ve phifdng chiim, phifdng htfdng tien len cua Ciich mang mien Nam. Nghi quyet xac dinh 3 trgng nim cdng lac la pha kd hoach gom dan lap "Ap chie'n lifdc" cua dich, md rdng phat trien ciin ctf dia vii xiiy dtfng Itfc Itfdng vu trang ba thtf quiln, trong dd pha "Ap chie'n Itfdc" la nhiem vu quan trgng nhii't. Thoat dau, do nhan thtfc chifa day du iim mifu mtfc do nguy hiem cua bien phap chie'n Itfdc mdi cua dich, quan triet chda dity du stf chi dao cua tren, nhieu dia phu'dng d Ddng Nam Bd cdn chu quan, thie'u kien quye't chd'ng pha "Ap chidn Itfdc" hoac phu'dng Ihtfc chd'ng phii chifa phii hdp, de dich tridn khai xiiy dtfng tren dien rgng, gay tdn thai khdng nhd cho hoat dgng khang chien. Chi trong vdng 6 thang cud'i nam 1962, dich da lap dtfdc 3.225 Ap trong sd chi tieu 11.000 "Ap chidn lu'dc" tren toiin mien Nam. Lien tie'p trong Ihang 7 va thang 9 nam 1962, Trung tfdng Cue ban hanh Chi thi chuyen ve chd'ng phii qud'c siich "Ap chidn Itfdc" va Ch? thj bd sung ve nhiem vu niiy. Thtfc hien stf chi diio cua Trung tfdng Cue, Uiang 12-1962, Ban Quan stf Mien id chtfc hdi nghi du kich chien tranh toiin Mien. Tdng kdl kinh nghiem qua bao cao dien hinh ciia 12 xa ciia quan va dan loan Mien, Hdi nghi da chi ra nhtfng nguyen tSc, phtfdng thtfc chd'ng phii "Ap chien Itfdc" nhii sau: 1- Chd'ng, pha ii'p chien Itfdc la mdt cugc dau tranh toan dien ca ve chinh tri, quan stf, binh van, kinh le, ket hdp cac hinh thtfc hdp phiip, ntfa hdp phap va bat hdp phap; 2- Chd'ng phii ngay ttf dau, khi dich van ddng nhan diin gom dan ii'p chien Itfdc; 3- Phii bg may kem kep ben trong iip chidn Itfdc, Ii/c Itfdng phii dtfa vao life Iddng tai chd (cd sd chinh tri va ttf ve mat trong a'p chidn Itfdc) cd stf hd trd cua Itfc Itfdng ben ngoai; 4- Chdng va pha la hai mat quan he chat che vdi nhau, khdng the cbi nang mat pha;
5- Ket hdp chat che gitfa phii a'p chien Itfdc vdi chd'ng ciin quel; 6- Xiiy dtfng ngay ii'p chien dau lai ndi vtfa phii xong ii'p chie'n Itfdc.
Thtfc hien stf chi dao ndi tren, tren ehien trtfdng mien Dong Nam Bd. boat ddng chd'ng, pha "a'p chie'n Itfdc" phat trien thiinh cao trao rdng kh5p vdi nhffng siing tao he'l stfc ddc diio.
cd hieu qua.
Thii nhdt la chd'ng. phd "Ap chiin hl<fc" ngay tUdiiu bdng "ba mdi gidp cCmg". De lap "Ap chidn Itfdc", trffdc tien quiin ddi Sai Gdn td chtfc hiinh quan can quel ddn gom dan vao ciic khu vifc dif kien xay dtfng "Ap". Ke hoach phii "Ap chie'n itfdc" do do trtfdc hdt phai chd'ng dich can quel, vii mudn chd'ng dicb can quel cd hieu qua can sif phd'i hdp chien da'u ciia ca ba thtf quan. Quan va dan mien Ddng Nam Bg da phdi hdp dii'u tranh chd'ng dich gom dan bang nhieu hinh thtfc rii'l phong phti. Dong bao dung ly le dil'u Iranh, viln ddng thuydt phuc si quan, binh Iinh quan ddi Siii Gdn, cd lilc stf dung ca biio life de chdng dich ciio nhii, dd't nhS, gom dan vao "Ap". So'gia dinh bi gom thi da'u tfanh ddi trd ve nha, vtfdn cii. 0 linh Tay Ninh, nhiin dan xa An Tinh dii'u Iranh lien tuc sud't 60 ngay dem, lam cho dich phai bd dd ke hoach gom diln lap "Ap"; nhan dfm Biiu May bi dich gom viio "Ap chien Itfdc" dil dm mgi ciich dii'u tranh ddi ve xdm cii, mot so' ngtfdi bd trd'n, mdt sd' khac sd bi dieh bat lai bd di sd'ng rai rac ngoai ddng, btfng hay trong ciic khu rtfng. O Iinh Bien Hda, nhan dan cac xa ven qud'c Id I va Id 20 mac du bj dich can quel b^n phii van kien quyet d lai, dao ham bi mat ngay trong nhii, lrong vu'dn de bam tru, cdng nhan cao su biim ddn dien de san xuil'i va phuc vu khiing chien. Quiln vii dan cac tinh Ba Ria. Binh Dtfdng, Long An phdi hdp dau tranh chd'ng dich ui cao nha, dot nha, liia dan vao khu lap trung. So gia dinh hi bat vao "Ap chien Itfdc", ban ngay di xay dtfng, rito ii'p, ban dem phd'i hdp vdi Itfc Itfdng vu trang ttf ngoiii viio tuyen truyen xay dtfng cd sd, phii "Ap". Ctf the, phii di pha lai nhieu lan, lidn tdi pha Idng, phii ra
"Ap chien Itfdc" ciia dich.
Thii hai Id gdi vd xdy dung life lu<mg ngay trang "Ap chiin luge", trong ngftdi phd'i lufp phd ho mdy kim kep cua dich. Trong giai doan dau, do chtfa xiiy dtfng dtfdc cd sd ben lrong "Ap chien Itfdc", ciin bg, bd ddi, cdc td vQ Irang
54 Van thtf Ltfu trff Viet l\am §o 12/2013
C o n g htf - G i d i t h i e u t a i l i e u ltfu trff
tuyen truyen dot nhap vao "Ap" rS'l khd khan, nhieu khi bi tdn tha't. Vii khi da dot nhap vao
"Ap" thi chl to chtfc thtfc hien dtfdc nhtfng ddt tuyen truydn nhd le, cung cd khi cd diet du'dc te diep ac dn, ddn bdt, nhu^g khi can bd va Itfc Itfdng vii trang rut ra, djch lai nhanh chdng xily lai ddn bdt, diio hiio, difng rao, td chtfc Iai bg may kem kep. Ttf thgc tien tren, nhan diln cac linh mien Ddng Nam Bd chuyen sang pha Itf ben trong, Itfc Itfdng ndng cdt la cd sd chinh tri va life Itfdng vii trang khdng cdng khai (ttf ve mill) td chtfc ngay lrong "Ap chien Itfdc". Khu uy - Bg Ttf lenh Quiln khu midn Ddng trtfc tid'p chl diio phii "Ap chidn Itfdc kieu miiu" Ben Ttfdng de rut kinh nghiem cho toim Quiin khu.
Sau nhieu liin phii khdng thanh cdng, ttf thang 05 ddn thiing 9 niim 1964, can bd ciic cap da dm ciich dot viio "Ap chidn lu'dc", dilo ham bi mat, tru Uii phat ddng quan chung, xay dtfng chi bd Diing, Xily dtfng cd sd va ttf ve mat. Cudi thang 9-1964, bd dgi itf ngoai danh vao, life Itfdng ben trong ii'p phat ddng quan chung ndi day phd'i hdp phii tan "Ap chien Itfdc" Ben Ttfdng, hdn 3.500 dan bung ve vtfdn rudng cu. Kinh nghiem Ben Tifdng difdc phd bien vii iip dung d nhieu ndi.
Ngay ttf khi djch ctfdng btfc dan xay dtfng "Ap chien Itfdc", chinh quyen khang chien ciii ciin bd, dang vien theo cac gia dinh vao "Ap", viln ddng nhan dan phii long, di de'n pha ra bd miiy kem kep cua dich. Nhieu dja phtfdng td chtfc hai loiii chi bd Dang cdng khai va bi mat, chi bd cdng khai d ngoiii "Ap" lanh dao du kich chien da'u vii chi bd mat d trong "Ap" lanh dao du kich niill va quan chung diet ac pha kem, trong va ngoai a'p thtfdng xuyen lien he vdi nhau, Iao stf gan ket nhip nhang gitfa trong "Ap chien Itfdc".
Nhieu "Ap chien lu'dc" bj pha rii, dich khdng lap lai dtfdc ntfa. & tinh Bien Hda, "Ap chien Itfdc"
Hifii" Nohia nam ven qud'c lg 1 do mot trung ddi dan ve canh gac, nhan liic bgn linh keo nhau di xem hat, cd sd null trong "Ap" dSn bd dgi va Itfc Itfdng vu trang tuyen truyen ddt nhilp vao ba't con bgn id, ddng biio danh md xdng ra pha banh loan bg trij sd le, hang rao, cdng stf. Vdi phtfdng thtfc iren, chi trong 5 thiing, ttf cud'i thang 11-
1963 den thang 04-1964, quan diin Long An pha ra gan nhtf loan bdbe thd'ng "Ap chidn Itfdc" mil dieh da xay ttf giffa nam 1961 den cudi nam 1963. O nhtfng dia phUdng khiic, nhieu "Ap cbien Itfdc" tuy chtfa bi pha ra, be ngoiii dich cdn bd may kem kep, cdn ddng ddn bdt kiem soat, nhtfng thtfc cha't ben trong da bi tS liet, nhan dan hoan loan lam chu.
Thti ba la phd xong "Ap chiin luijc", trii'n khai ngay viec bung elan ve qui cii xdy dUng ldng xd chii'n ddu. Sau khi banh "Ap chidn Itfdc" bi pha, bg may kem kep cua dich bi tieu diet hoac tan ra, cac ddn bdt bilo an, dan ve bi tieu diet hoac bugc phai riit chay, dieh id chtfc cudc can quel ngay de lan chiem, xay dtfng lai "Ap ehien Itfdc". Do dd, ngay sau khi phd banh "Ap chien Itfdc", nhieu ndi da td chtfc dtfa dan ve xdm lang cu xay dtfng ngay ii'p chie'n dii'u, chuan bi siln sang diinh djch can quel gom dan trd Iai. Ndu ap chidn Itfdc d viing ddng dan thi cai tao ngay thanh a'p chie'n dau cua ta. Thtfdng Idi dung edng stf, chtfdng ngai vat da cd, la bo' tri h i pbii hdp vdi phtfdng thtfc chidn tranh du kich (ca'u triic liii giao thdng hao, d, u chidn da'u va cd ndi diio dia dao ngay trong a'p). Dich xily, ta phii, djch lai xay, ta lai pha, didn di dien lai nhieu Ian. Do dd, ngay sau khi pha "a'p chidn Itfdc".
cac dia phtfdng xiiy difng ngay a'p ehien dii'u, vtfa chuan bi phffdng an tie'p tuc pha khi dich la'n chiem xay lai "Ap chien Itfdc".
Thd tu Id lue lugng vd trang ben ngodi td chdc ddnh dich himh qudn cdn quel hd tra eho phong irdo phd "Ap chii'n lugc". Quan dich thtfdng xuyen td chtfc hanh quan can quel, bd' rap yem trd cho Itfc Itfdng^ bao an, diln vi^, te diep xay dtfng va bao ve "Ap chien Itfdc". Chien djch "Mat trdi mgc" danh viio khu vtfc Ben Cat (Binh Dtfdng) sau lan ra ciic tinh mien Ddng Nam Bd trong niim 1962, chien dich "Sao Mai"
diinh viio ciin ctf Dffdng Minh Chau (Tay Ninh) va Long An thang 10-1962), chien dich "Thu Ddng" danh vao htfdng Bac Sai Gdn ttf thiing 11-1962 den dau nam 1963 cua quiin ddi Sai Gdn deu nham heu diet chu Itfc Quan Giai phdng, phit can ctf khiing chien vii ddn dan xiiy
V a n Ihtf Ltfu trtf V i e t Nam s o 12/2013 55
Cong bo - Gidi thifen tai l i e u ltfu trff
"Ap chien Itfdc". Sau khi xay dffng xong "Ap chien Itfdc", chiing bd tri cac ddn vi chu Itfc, Ihtfdng ttf cap trung doan dtfng chan cl vdng ngoai de tfng ctfu bao ve "Ap" khi bi la'n cdng.
Thtfc hien chi tht cua Ban quan stf Mien "ne^u khdng tich ctfc chd'ng can va Ihdng qua chd'ng can ma tieu diet dich thi khdng nhtfng khdng ngan chan va danh bai am mtfu gom dan lap ap cua dich, ma Itfc Itfdng vu trang ta cung cd the bj tieu hao va d vao the bi dgng", cac lu'c Itfdng vQ trang mien Ddng Nam Bd da tich ctfc chd'ng dich hanh quan can quet, lien tuc giiy cho chung nhieu thiet hai, gap khd khan trong hd trd xay dtfng va bilo ve "Ap chien Itfdc".
Thif ndm la "phd mdng, phd de" Idm phd sdn qud'c sdeh "Ap chiin luge" ciia dtch. Trong giai doiin dilu, mot sddia phtfdng chi pha ddn le ttfng
"Ap chidn Itfdc" mdt, pha "Ap chien lifdc" nay dich lai lap "Ap chien Itfdc" khac, hieu qua khdng cao. Quan va diin ciic tinh mien Ddng Nam Bd thtfc hien stf chi dao ciia Trung tfdng Cue da phd'i hdp la'n cdng chi khu, ddn bdt, lieu diet tieu hao sinh life djch vdi pha ttfng mang, ttfng de "Ap chidn Iffdc" (ttfng he thdng "Ap chidn Itfdc"). Thang 12 nam 1964, Quan Giai phdng md chidn dich Binh Gia. Thang ldi cila chidn dich da hd Ird cd hieu qua phong Iriio pha ttfng mang, ttfng de "Ap chidn Itfdc", md ra mgt viing giai phdng rdng Idn ttf can cff Hac Djch (Bii Ria), Ddng - Tay Id 2, ndi hen vdi chien khu D vii ciin ctf dia linh Binh Thuiin (Quan khu 6), liim chu viing ven bien tinh Ba Ria, tao be'n tidp nhan vu khi ttf mien Bac vao bang dtfdng bien d Ldc An va Can Gid - Rtfng Sac. Quan va dan cac tinh Bien Hda, Long Khanh, Binh Dtfdng, Binh Phtfdc, Tay Ninh day manh boat ddng chd'ng djch can quel, ta'n cdng ddn bdt, ctf diem cua dich dgc dtfdng giao thdng va khap cac ddn dien cao su. Tai Long An, cac life Itfdng vu trang tan cdng tieu diet trung tam biet kich nguy d Hiep Hda, sau dd diet 20 ddn bdt d Biic qud'c Id 4, md rdng viing giai phdng ttf Dtfc Hda, Dtfc Hue xud'ng Bdn Ltfc, Thu Thtfa, tiep giai phdng 23 xa d Nam Id 4, md dau cho cao trao pha ttfng niilng "Ap chidn lifdc" tren dia ban toan tinh.
Qud'c Siich "a'p chie'n Itfdc" la "xtfdng sd'ng"
chtfdng trinh binh dinh cila djch. Vi the, chiing tap trung nd ltfc rat ldn dac biet la ve quan sff de thtfc hien "qudc sach" nay d mien Ddng Nam Bd cung nhtf toan mien Nam. Dtfdi stf liinh dao, chi dao trtfc tiep Trung tfdng Cue va Ban Quiln stf Mien, quan va dan mien Ddng Nam Bd dii kien ctfdng da'u tranh, diic^ ket ttf kinh nghiem thtfc tiln dd siing tao ra nhieu ciich thtfc chdng, pha chtfdng trinh binh dinh ciia dich cd hieu qua. Cung vdi quiin vii dan Cii Mau, Tiiy Nam Bd trong chidn thang Dam Ddi, Cai Nffdc, Cha La, nhtfng sang tao cua quan vii dan mien Ddng Nam Bd trong nd ltfc danh bai qud'c Siich "Ap chidn Itfdc" cua dich d dja phtfdng minh da gop ph^n tich cffc cung quSn vii diin toan mien Nam litm pha san hoiin toan chien Iffdc "Chidn tranh diic biet" ci5a de qud'c My, huge chdng phiii chuyen sang thtfc hien chid'n Itfdc "Chie'n Iranh cue bd", trtfc tiep dtfa quiin chien dau My vii chif hau vao mien Nam Viet Nam, leo thang, day cudc chien tranh ldn ctfdng do cao len chtfa ttfng cd, d dd, nhtfng biii hgc kinh nghiem ttf sif kien Dam Ddi, Ciii Ntfdc, Chii La va phong trao chd'ng pha "Ap chie'n Itfdc" d mien Ddng Nam Bd van cdn lidp tuc phat huy gia tri u
Tai li^u tham khao:
- Ban Tong ke't chien tranh B2, De cu'dng Tung ke't cuoc khang chie'n cho'ng My ctfu nu'dc tren chien trirdng Nam Bg va Cifc Nam Trung Bo, Lifu trff Phung Khoa hgc quiin sU Quiin khu 7, tai l i c u T K . l l - M
- Bau cao tinh hinh pha ii'p chie'n lu'dc d chien trifdng Khu 7 1962-196.^, Idu trff Phung Khoa hoc quiin sff Quan khu 7, tai lieu BC.93-M
- Hoi dung chi dao bien soan Ijch stf Nam Bo khang chidn, Lich sff Nam Bo khiing chidn, Nxb CTQG, 2010 - Bo Tff lenh Quan khu 7, Lich stf mien Dong Nam Bo va Cffc Nam Trung Bi) khang chidn (1945-1975), Nxb QDND. 2010
- Ban Tdng ke't chien tranh Thanh uy thanh pho' Ho Chi Minh. Lich stf Sai Gdn-Chd Ldn-Gia Dinh khang chig'n (1945-1975), Nxb Tp. HCM, 1994.
56 Van thtf Ltfu trtf Viet ]\am so 12/2013
