KINHTE
CAM KET VE VAN DE LAO DONG TRONG KHUON KHO CONG DONG
KINH TE ASEAN (AEC)
• DO HONG QUYEN
TOM TAT:
Cong dong Kinh te' ASEAN (Ggi tat la AEC) dffdc thanh lap nham muc tidu tad ra mdt thi trffdng chung duy nhd't vd cd sd san xudt thd'ng nhd't, trong dd cd sff lifu chuyen tff do cua hang hda, dich vu, dau tff, vd'n va lao ddng ed tay nghe, tff dd nang eao tinh canh tranh va thue day sff thinh vffdng chung cho ca khu vtfc. Chinh vl vdy, cac nffdc ASEAN da ky kd't nhieu hidp dinh, thda thuan, tuydn bd bffdc dau tao ndn khung phap ly cho tff do hda lao ddng trong khu vffc. Vdi bai viet nay, viec nghien cffu mgt each he thdng ve khung phdp ly dd'i vdi ITnh vffc lao ddng nhdm hffdng dd'n vide tang cffdng sff tff do hda lao ddng trong AEC.
Tuf khoa: Cam kd't lao ddng, di chuye'n the' nhdn, di chuye'n the nhdn trong AEC.
1. Dat van de
Cong ddng Kinh td' ASEAN dffdc thanh lap nham mue tidu tao ra mdt thi trffdng chung duy nha't va cd sd san xua't thd'ng nha^t, trong dd ed sff lffu chuyen tff do cua hang hda, djeh vu, ddu tff, vd'n va lao ddng cd tay nghe; tff dd ndng cao tinh canh tranh va thuc dd'y sff ihjnh vffdng chung cho ca khu vffc; tao sff ha'p ddn vdi dau tff-kinh doanh tff ben ngodi'. Chinh vl vdy, edc nffdc ASEAN da ky ke't nhieu hidp dinh, thda thuan, tuyen bd'bffdc dau tao ndn khung phap ly eho tff do hda lao dgng trong khu vffe. Nhffng quy dinh tff do hda lao dgng eiia ASEAN dffdc hidn didn dffdi dang cac cam kd't ve phffdng thffc 4 trong 4 phffdng thffc cung cdp dieh vu, dd la di chuye'n the nhan^. Di ehuydn the' nhdn la sff di chuye'n cua cd nhan tff nffde nay qua nffdc khdc de cung ca'p mdt djch vu trong mdt khoang thdi gian nhd't dinh. Tai ASEAN, phffdng thffc cung cd'p dieh vu nay ban dau dffdc dam
phan trong khudn khd Hiep dinh khung ve Thffdng mai Dich vu ASEAN (ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services - AFAS), nhffng sau dd dffde tach rieng dd dam phdn tai Hidp dinh ASEAN ve di chuye'n the nhdn {ASEAN Agreement on the Movement of Natural Persons - MNP) nam 2012. Ngoai ra, de tao thuan ldi hdn cho sff di chuye'n cua lao ddng cd tay nghe giffa cdc nffde ASEAN, edc nffdc da ky ke't cdc Thda thudn thffa nhdn ldn nhau (Mutual Recognition Arrangements - MRA) trong mdt sd' linh vffc nganh nghe, nham cdng nhan ldn nhau ve bdng ca'p, trinh do eua lao ddng cd ky ndng trong khu vffc. Ben canh dd, Ke' hoach tdng the xay dffng Cdng ddng kinh te' ASEAN (AEC Blueprint) nam 2007 cu the' hda muc tidu tff do di chuye'n lao ddng ed tay nghe trdn ca 03 tru cot chinh gdm chinh tri - an nmh, kinh ve' va van hda - xa hdi va cac khia canh lien quan dd'n quyen
So 11 -Thang 6/2019 215
cua ngffdi lao ddng di tni cijng dffdc ASEAN nhac dd'n trongTuyenbd'lanh dao ASEAN nam 2007.
2. Cac quy dinh trffc tie'p v^ vd'n de lao dgng Hiep dinh khung ve Thffdng mai Dich vu ASEAN {ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services - AFAS) va Hiep dinh ASEAN ve di chuye'n the nhan {ASEAN Agreement on the Movement of Natural Persons - MNP) dffde xem Id khung phdp Iy tao dieu kien cho lao dgng cd tay nghe di chuyen trong khu vffc ASEAN Cac cam ke't tff do hda lao ddng eua 4 qud'c gia tieu bie'u thugc khd'i ASEAN ve nhdn lao ddng nffdc ngodi (Malaysia, Singapore) va gffi lao dgng ra nffdc ngoai {Indonesia, Vidt Nam). Trong 2 Hidp djnh nay khdng cd sff khac biet {trff trffdng hdp cua Malaysia cd qui dinh them ve so' Iffdng chuyen gia cho phep nhap canh). Ke' tff khi thdng qua Gdi cam kd't dich vu thff 8 trong khudn khd AFAS dd'n khi ky kd't MNP ebi ed 2 nam ndn ede qud'e gia khd cd the' cd nhffng thay ddi dang ke trong chinh sach. Bdi vay, vide dieh chuydn lao ddng trong khu vffe ASEAN khdng vffdt qua quy dinh nghia vu chung ciia phffdng thffc thff tff theo Hidp djnh GATS. Va phffdng thffc nay dffdc ede qud'c gia ASEAN dffa vao trong Bidu cam ke't ve djch vu^ trong AFAS, cung nhff trong MNP ehi d mffc dd rd't han ehd'.
Chi tid't ve cae cam kd't trong Gdi cam ke't thff 8, nam 2010 nam trong AFAS ve phffdng thffe thff tff eua 4 nffde Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Vidt Nam trong pham vi nhffng ngdnh, nghe quy dinh cu the trong Bieu cam ke't ve di chuyd'n lao ddng eua Hidp dinh: Malaysia (Khdng cam ke't ve phffdng thffc thff tff, trff eac trffdng hdp: Ngffdi dl chuyen trong ngi bd doanh nghiep (intra-cooperate tranferees) la quan ly cao cd'p va ehuydn gia (2 ehuydn gia/td chffc 271): td'i da 5 nam; Cae dd'i tffdng khde (others) gdm chuydn gia va cae nha chuyen mdn td'i da 5 nam; Khdch kinh doanh (business visitors): 90 ngay);
Singapore (Khdng cam ke't ve phffdng thffc thff tff, trff cdc trffdng hdp: Ngffdi di chuyen trong ndi bd doanh nghiep (quan ly. dieu hdnh vd chuydn gia): 2 nam, gia ban td'i da mdi lan 3 nam va tdng
thdi gian khdng qua 8 nam); Inddnesia (Phi hop vdi phap ludt ve lao ddng va di cff Indonesia:
- Ngffdi di chuyen trong ndi bd doanh nghiep (qudn Iy, di^u hdnh, chuyen gia/tff va'n ky thual);
2 nam, gia ban td'i da mdi lan 2 nam. Vide tiep nhdn cd'p quan ly vd chuydn gia ky thuat phu thudc va danh gia nhu cau ve kinh te' (economic needs test); - Khach kinh doanh: 60 ngdy, gia h^n td'i da 120 ngay); Viet Nam (Khdng cam ketve phffdng thffc thff tff, trff cae trffdng hdp: - Ngffdi di chuye'n trong ngi bd doanh nghiep (quan ly,dieu hdnh va chuydn gia): 3 nam, gia ban tuy theo lh5i gian hoat ddng cua cdng ty d Viet Nam; it nhat 20% quan ly, dieu hanh vd chuyen gia eua cdng ty phai la ngffdi Viet Nam. Tuy nhidn phai cho phep mdi edng ty ed it nhd't 3 ngffdi quan ly/dieu hanh/chuyen gia khdng phdi ngffdi Viei Nam;
- Cac ddi tffdng quan ly, dieu hanh va chuyen gia khae (other personnel): 3 nam hoae ngan hdn, gia han tiiy theo hdp ddng lao ddng vdi cdng ty tai Viet Nam; - Ngffdi bdn hang djch vu (service sales person): 90 ngay; - Ngffdi chiu trdch nhiem thie't lap hien didn thffdng mai: 90 ngay; - Ngu'di cung cd'p djch vu theo hdp ddng: 90 ngay hoac theo thdi ban hdp ddng vdi cdc dieu kidn cu the).
Qua dd cho thd'y, cdc cam ke't chu ye'u Hen quan de'n hoat ddng dau tff, thffdng mai va chi tao dieu kien tff do lao ddng cho nhdm lao ddng cd tay nghe cao nhff qudn Iy, dieu hanh, chuyen gia.
Nhdm khdch kinh doanh dffdc phep lffu tru nhiing trong thdi han ngan. Ridng Viet Nam cd nhifiig cam ke't sdu hdn cae qud'c gia khac ddi vdi cac nhdm cd tay nghe thd'p hdn nhff ngffdi cung cap dich vu theo hdp ddng, ngffdi bdn hang dich vu, ngffdi chiu trach nhiem thie't lap hidn dien thiidng mai, nhffng cam ke't nay chi nham thu hut dau W va kinh doanh, ehffa md rdng ra cac nhdm nganh nghe khae.
Thffc tidn cho thd'y, cac quy djnh lao ddng trong AFAS va MNP chi la nhffng nguydn tac chung va bid'u cam ke't cua cdc nffdc chffa co quy dmh cu the ve hai hda cdc tieu chua'n, dieu kidn va thu tuc eho phep lao ddng nffdc ngoai lam viec trong khu vffc ASEAN. Bdi vdy, cac quo'c gia ASEAN dd ky kd't cdc Thda thuan thffa nhdn 15n
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KINH TE
nhau nhdm edng nhdn cae van bang, chffng chi cua lao dgng ed tay nghe trong khu vffc. Hien nay, nham mue dieh tao thudn ldi eho sff di chuyen eua nhdm dd'i tffdng cd tay nghe trong khu vffc da cd 8 Thda thudn dffdc ky ke't thude ve 8 linh vffc, bao gdm: kie'n tnic, tff vd'n ky thudt, dieu dffdng, hanh nghe y, nha sy, du lich, ke'toan kiem toan va khdo sat. Tinh tdi thang 4/2017, thda thuan ve dich vu du lich"' va khao sat^ van chffa cd hieu Iffc do chffa dffdc toan bd thanh vidn ASEAN ky kd't.
Dd' dap ffng yeu cau ve trinh do chuyen mdn dd'i vdi nhdm nhan Iffc chd't Iffdng cao (chuyen gia, thd lanh nghe). ngffdi lao ddng mud'n tff do lam vide tai khu vffc ASEAN trffdc tien Id phai dffdc dao tao chuyen mdn hoac ed trinh do tff dai hgc trd ldn cd chffng chi nghe hoae bdng cd'p dffdc cong nhdn trong pham vi giffa cac qud'c gia la ndi lam vide. Vi du, dd'i vdi dich vu du lieh, ngffdi lao ddng phai dffdc ddo tao vd cd chffng nhdn trinh dd du lich edn hidu life va ddp ffng Tidu chu^n trinh dd chung ASEAN vd du lich (ASEAN Common Competency Standards for Tourism Professionals) va dffdc cap bdi mdt Hdi ddng chffng nhan nghe du hch tai nffde minh'', Them vao do, hg can thdng thao ngoai ngff, dac bidt la tid'ng Anh''.
Ngodi ra, cac khia canh ve tff do hda lao ddng dffdc neu trong ea 3 ITnh vffe tru cdt eua ASEAN trong AEC Blueprint nam 2007. Cu the' nhff, ve van de an ninh - ehinh tri, AEC dat muc tieu tang cffdng tff phdp hlnh sff trong vide ffng phd vdi nan budn ngffdi, bao vd nan nhan cua nan budn ngffdi^. Ve vd'n de kinh td', AEC se tao thudn Idi cho vide di chuyen lao ddng ed tay nghe, cdng nhan vdn bdng, thiic hidn thiie da'y cac Thda thudn thffa nhdn ldn nhau, ndng cao nang Iffc trong ede ngdnh djch vu ffu tidn'',,. Ve van de van hda - xd hdi, AEC quan tdm phdt trid'n ngudn nhdn Iffe, thue da'y viec lam ben vffng, bao ve va thue day quyen eua lao ddng di eff'°. Tuy nhien, AEC Blueprint khdng cd gid tri rang budc phap ly".
Ben canh dd, nhffng quy dinh hdn quan tdi quyen cd ban cua ngffdi lao ddng it dffdc nhac lai trong AEC, bdi vi va'n de nay da dffdc thda ludn
rdng rai trong khudn khd Cdng ddng Van hda - Xa hdi ASEAN (ASEAN Socio - Cultural Community) song hanh eung AEC dd' tao nen 2 trong 3 tru cot da'y manh nd Iffc thffc hidn mue tidu xdy dffng Cdng ddng chung ASEAN'-. Mdt trong nhieu chid'n Iffde eiia tru cdt nay la sff dung cdc tieu chuan lao dgng thd' gidi, dae bidt la cac Cdng ffdc cua ILO rang budc cdc thanh vidn ILO dam bao quyen ldi vd dieu kien ldm vide td'i thie'u eho ngffdi lao ddng. Tuy nhien, vdi nhffng cdng ffde eua ILO dffde dan cbie'u nhffng ehffa dffde phd chua'n tai qud'c gia thanh vien thi nffdc dd khdng bi rang budc thffc hien nhffng quy dinh lao ddng lidn quan.
Ve vd'n de lao ddng di tru, vdo thdng 1/2007, cac thanh vien ASEAN dd thdng qua Tuyen bd' ASEAN ve bao ve va thue day edc quyen eiia ngffdi lao ddng di tru, trong dd thffa nhan trach nhidm eua ede nffdc nhdn va nffde gd'c eung nhff eua Hidp hdi ASEAN trong vide bao vd vd thuc ddy eac quydn cua ngffdi lao ddng di tru bao gdm:
Mdt la, bao ve ngffdi lao ddng khdng bi lam dung, phan biet dd'i xff hay bao hanh; Hai la, qudn ly lao ddng di cff; Ba la, chd'ng lai nan budn bdn ngffdi. Tuyen bd' cung kdu ggi cae qud'e gia tang cffdng hdp tae trong nhffng vd'n de lidn quan dd'n bao vd va thuc ddy quydn eiia ngffdi lao ddng di cff bao gdm ea eae thanh vidn trong gia dinh cua ho'^ Tuy nhien, dieu dang tid'c la Tuydn bd' nay khdng dffdc xem nhff la mdt van kien ed tinh rang huge ve nghTa vu phap ly'"^.
3. Cac quy dinh nhdm dam bao thtfc thi van de lao ddng
Trong khudn khd' AEC, cac thdnh vien khdng trffc tid'p dat ra quy dmh thffc thi cd dieu kidn ve va'n de lao ddng. Tuy nhien, trong so' 8 Thda thudn thffa nhdn lan nhau thi ddu sff dung va ddn chid'u dd'n cd ehd' giai quyd't tranh chd'p thffdng mai qud'c td' tai ASEAN. Vi vay, trong trffdng hdp khdng thffc thi phan quye't cua cdquan giai quyd't tranh ehd'p, ben thua kidn phai chiu dinh ehi ifu dai, dinh ehi thffc hidn nghia vu hoac tra dua cheo dffdc thffc hien bdi ben thang kien dffdi sff eho phep cua Hdi nghi Bd trffdng Kinh td'. Nhff vay, cd the' tha'y, nhffng bien phap trffng phat thffdng
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mai nay tffdng tff vdi bien phdp trong khudn khd cua WTO Bdn canh do, vide vi pham cac Cdng ffdc cua ILO dd phd chud'n trong khudn khd Cdng ddng Van hda - Xa hdi ASEAN ehi dffng lai tai viec khien trach d mffe do qud'c te'thdng qua cac bien phap dao dffc (moral sancrion)'^.
Nhin chung, dd thffe thi edc cam ke't lien quan tdi van de lao ddng tren, cdc qud'c gia ASEAN can dam bao nhffng quy dinh phap luat cua qudc gia phii hdp vdi nhffng dieu ffdc qud'c td'dffdc ddn chid'u, vidu nhff lien quan tdi lao ddng di tru, vd'n de hdi hda hda phap ludt lao ddng cua cac nffdc trong khu vffe vdi Tuydn bd'nam 1998 eua ILO"' vdi muc dich tao thudn Idi hen quan dd'n nhieu ndi dung nhff thu tuc visa, chffng nhdn nghe nghiep, tuyd'n dung va dam bao quyen ldi lad ddng cua eac dd'i tffdng nay khi ldm vide tai ede nffde thdnh vidn'''. Bdn canh dd, ngodi ITnh vffe khao sat vdn chffa cd cam ke't thffe thi cu thd, thi dd'i vdi 7 ITnh vffc cdn lai, nhffng cam ke't thffc thi mang tinh cha't khuye'n khich dffde quy dmh chi tid't nhff sau:
Dd'i vdi dich vu tff vd'n ky thudt, kie'n true, kd' toan, tffng thanh vien ASEAN da thdnh lap Uy ban Dieu phd'i (dd'i vdi dich vu tff vd'n ky thudt, kd' todn), Uy ban Gidm sat (dd'i vdi dich vu kid'n true) tai nffdc mlnh de dieu phd'i vide thffc hidn eae thda thudn, dae bidt thffe hidn hoat ddng danh gia va dang ky cd'p phep eho lao ddng cd tay nghe Viec cd'p phep trong cae ITnh vffe deu dffa vao mdt quy trinh chung:
- Bffdc 1: Lao dgng du dieu kien ve trinh do va kinh nghiem theo quy dinh nop hd sd len Uy ban ed tha'm quyen tai nffde minh;
- Bffdc 2: Uy ban xem xet ddn va lap ban danh gia sau do gffi de'n Hdi ddng tffdng ffng tai ASEAN de quye't dinh vide ca'p phep;
- Bffdc 3 Dang ky vdi Cd quan quan ly nganh nghe cua nffdc khdc;
- Bffdc 4. Hanh nghe tai nffdc ngoai nhffng phai phd'i hdp vdi ngtfdi lao ddng chuydn nghidp trong nganh nghe tffdng ffng tai nffdc dd.
Dd'i vdi dich vu dieu dffdng, hanh nghe y, nha khoa, thoa thuan thffa nhan lan nhau khdng
hffdng dd'n vide thid't lap mdt cd ehe' dang kj hanh nghe ehung ASEAN ma chu yd'u tap trung vao trao dd'i thdng tin va tang cffdng hdp tac v^
cdng nhan ldn nhau, thiic dd'y dp dung cac thi/c tidn td't nhd't ve eae tidu chud'n va trinh do, cung ea'p cd hdi xdy dffng nang Iffc va dao tao'l
Dd'i vdi dich vu du lieh, ngffdi lao ddng phaicfl chffng nhdn trinh dd du lich dap ffng dffdc tifiu chud'n trinh do chung ASEAN ve du lich, Chtfng ehi nay dffdc cd'p bdi Hdi ddng chffng nhan nghe du lich trong nffdc va ngffdi lao ddng phai tuan thu cae quy dinh phdp luat vd quy dinh hien hanh tai nffdc sd tai.
Nhin chung, nhffng cam ke't ve di chuyin trong AEC ed pham vi dp dung cdn hep, chi dp dung cho nhdm lao ddng ed tay nghe ma chffa dieu chinh tdi nhdm lao ddng phd thdng va chi lap trung vao cdc linh vffc Hen quan dd'n thffdng mai dau tff. Bdn canh do, nhieu van ban khdng cd gia tri phap ly rang budc vd chi mang tinh chai khuye'n nghi va chffa cd cd che' cffdng che' thi hanh trong trffdng hdp vi pham. Ngoai ra, cOch^
cdng nhdn va cho phep lao ddng lam vide tii do cdn nhieu bffdc vd phffc tap, chffa khuyd'n khich dffdc lao ddng tham gia vao thi trffdng ASEAN.
4. Ke't luan
Nhff vay, dem so sanh TPP hay EVFTA vdi pham vi cam kd't khdng gidi han thi cac cam ket lao ddng trong khudn khd Cdng ddng Kinh tt ASEAN la nhffng cam ket hep nhd't, diidc ^p dung trong 8 ITnh vffc, ddng thdi cung chi md rong so vdi WTO them mdt phan nhd trong linh vifc ke' toan - kid'm todn''' ciing vdi nhffng quy dinh thffc thl ddn gian, it rdng budc mac dii cd sd Itfclng eae hiep dinh dieu chinh khd ldn. Cac Thda thuSn thffa nhdn ldn nhau mdi chi quy dinh cho 8 linh vffc dich vu trong tdng sd' 12 phan nganh ldn vS 155 phdn nganh dich vu khac nhau theo phan loai dich vu cua WTO. So Iffdng nay that sff han che so vdi tiem nang lao ddng cua ASEAN. Hdn niia, nhffng Thda thudn thffa nhdn ldn nhau chi dieu ehinh dd'i tffdng lao ddng cd tay nghe, chiem 1,5% Iffc Iffdng lao ddng khu vffc, trong khi cd tdi 87% lao ddng di chuyen ndi khd'i ASEAN la lao
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ddng khdng cd tay nghe^°, vi vay, se rd't it lao ddng cd tay nghe trong ASEAN tdn dung dffdc Idi ich tff cac thda thudn nay.
Ngoai ra, chi cd 3 trong 8 ITnh vffc dieh vu (kid'ntruc, tff vanky thudt, ke'toan vd kiem toan) da bffdc ddu xay dffng dffdc cd chd' thffc thi, nhffng cung chffa tao dffdc cd che tff dgng cdng nhdn cho lao dgng trong khu vffc. Ngffdi lao dgng van phai dang ky theo quy trmh nhieu bffdc tff trong nffdc de'n cd chd' ASEAN, ddng thdi, phai tudn thu day du quy dinh phap ludt nffdc sd tai. Cdn trong 5 ITnh vffc cdn lai, cac thda thuan (ne'u cd) cung chi
dffng lai d mffc do thda thudn khung hoac dan ehie'u de'n phap luat cua nffdc sd tai hoac phap ludt nffde cff lao ddng Them vao dd, hdu hd't ede Hiep djnh lidn quan tdi lao ddng trong AEC deu khdng cd gia tri rang buge phap ly, cho nen se khdng tao ra cd che' mang tinh cffdng che' nao cd the ap dung khi cac nffdc thdnh vien khdng tuan thu cac cam ke't da ky ke't. Vi vdy, cac qud'c gia ASEAN cdn nhidu de dat trong viec md cffa thj trffdng lao ddng dd'i vdi cac dd'i tac ndi khd'i vd mue tidu tff do hda lao ddng trong khu vffc vdn khd ed the dat dffdc •
TAI LIEU TRICH DAN:
'Chinh phd nudc Cong hoa xd hgi chii nghia Viet Nam, "Hiep hdi Cdc qud'c gia Ddng Nam A (ASEAN)". xemtai:
http://chinhphuvn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/NuocCHXHCNVietNam/ChiTietVeToChucQuocTe'^diplomacyOrg ld^l24 {ngdy Iruy cap 24/04/2019).
•^Thuang mai dich vu duac thuc hien thdng 4 Mode (phuang thdc) gom. Mode 1 (Cung cdp dich vu qua bien gidi);
Mode 2 (Tiiu diing ngodi nudc). Mode 3 (Hien dien thucfng mai) vd Mode 4 (Hien dien thi nhdn). Trong Mode 1, dich vu duac cung cdp tie lanh thd cua mot thdnh vien ndy sang lanh th dcda mot thdnh vien khdc Cd ngudi cung ca'p dich vu ldn ngUdi tiiu dUng dich vu deu khdng di chuyin ra khdi Idnh ihSnUdc mlnh, chi co dich vu duac di chuyin, cung cdp vd tieu thu "qua bien gidi" Trong Mode 2, ngUdi tiiu dung ciia mgt nUdc di chuyen sang lanh tho cua mdt nudc khdc ditieu dung dich vu Theo Mode 3, moi qudc gia se cho phep cdc nhd cung cap dich vu cda mot nudc khdc thie't lap cdc hlnh thUc hiin dien nhU cdng ty 100% vd'n nUdc ngodi, cdng ty liin doanh, chi nhdnh, vdn phong dai diin trin lanh tho nudc minh de cung cdp dich vu. Mode 4 chi dp dung vdi cdc nha cung cdp dich vu la cdc thi nhdn, theo do mgt quoc gia cho phep cdc thi nhdn cung cd'p dich vu cua mdt nUdc khdc di chuyin sang lanh tho cua nudc minh dicung cdp dich vu.
^Bieu cam kei cua cdc qudc gia ASEAN, xem tgi day: httpV/www.trungtamwto.vn/cachiepdinh khac/liiep-dlnh- asean-ve-di-chuyen-nhan-va-cac-thoa-thuan-thua-nhan-lan-nhau (ngdy Iruy cdp 11/05/2019)
"Hien tgi, chua cd thoa thudn thUa nhgn ldn nhau song phuang hoac da phuang ve linh vUc ndy
'Hien tgi, chi cd 6/11 thdnh vien bao gom Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar. PhilUpines, Singapore, That Lan da hodn thdnh cdc thii tuc vd quy trinh trong nUdc di thUc hen
^Dieu 3: Cong nhgn va dd tu cdch chuyin mdn dich vu du lich nUdc ngodi (Recognition and eligibility of foreign tourism professionals), Thda thudn thifa nhdn ldn nhau vi hdnh nghe Du lich (9/11/2013).
^Trdn Thi Ngoc Quyin, "Cam kit trong Imh vUc lao dgng vd di chuyen lao ddng hUdng den Cong dong Kinh li ASEAN (AEC) vd mdt so' vd'n de ddt ra cho Viet Nam", Tgp chi Kinh ti ddi ngoai, sd'77,11/2015, tr. 66.
^Flavia Jurje, Saruira Lavenex, "ASEAN Economic Community: what model for labor mobility?", NCCR Working Paper, No 2015/2, 01/2015, tr. 6.
"AEC Blueprint, dogn 33-34 '"FlaviaJurje & Sandra Lavenex, tldd, tr. 7.
"AEC Blueprint, doan 72
'^ChinhphU nUdc Cong hoa xd hoi chd nghia Viet Nam, tldd
So 11 -Thdng 6/2019 219
'^Ngo Thi Trang, "Khung phdp ly vi ludo hoa lao dong trong Cong ddng kinh ti' Hiep hgi cdc nudc Dong Nam A ~ Mdtsdhgn chi'vd khuyen nghi". Tgp chi Nhd nUdc va Phdp ludt, so 343,11/2016, tr. 83.
' ^ Vd Cong Giao, Ld Khdnh Tung, ''Bdo ve ngUdi lao ddng di tru d khu vUc Ddng Nam A ", trong Khoa Ludt Dgi hoc Qudc gia Hd Ngi, Trung tdm Nghien cdu quyen con ngUdi • quyin cdng ddn, Lao ddng di tru trong phdp lugt quoc te vd ViitNam, NXB Lao ddng xd hdi. HdNgi. 2011, Ir. 61.
'' ASEAN Service Employees Trade Union Council, "Labour", tr. 5
'^Dieu 22, Tuyen bd ASEAN ve bdo ve vd thuc ddy cdc quyen cQa ngudi tao ddng di tru ndm 2007 '^Trdn Thi Ngoc Quyen, tldd, tr. 66.
'^Trung Idm WTO vd Hdi nhdp (c). Cam nang torn luac: Cong dong Kinh te ASEAN, Hd Not, 2016 '^ Trung tdm WTO vd Hdi nhdp (c). tldd, tr. 34
^"Alexander Chipman Koty, "Labor Mobility in ASEAN- current comitments and future limitations", 13/05/2016, xem tgi: htlp://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/2016/05/}3/asean-lahor-mobility.html (ngdy truy cap 11/05/2019).
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Quyi't dinh so'554/QD-BXD cua Bd Xdy dung ve quy che ddnh gid kiin true sU ASEAN.
2. Quye't dinh sd815/QD-BXD cua Bd Xdy dUng vi viec thdnh lap Uy ban gidm .sdt cua Viet Nam dethuc hien thda thudn thda nhdn lan nhau ve dich vu kien Iriic trong ASEAN.
3. Quyit dinh so 821/QD-BXD ciia Bo Xdy dUng ve quy che ddnh gid ddi vdi ky sU chuyen nghiep.
4. Quyit dinh so 1128/QD-BXD cua Bg Xdy dUng ve viec thdnh lap Uy ban gidm sdt cua Viet Nam de thUc hien thoa thudn thda nhgn ldn nhau vi dich vu tu vdn ky thudt trong ASEAN.
5. ILO, VCCI, Phong ngila lao ddng cudng bdc trong chudi cung dng ngdnh Del may Viet Nam: Hudng ddn danh cho ngudi sddung lao dgng, Hd Ndi, 2016.
6. Khoa Ludt Dai hoc Qud'c gia Hd Ngi, Trung tdm Nghiin cdu quyin con ngudi - quyen cdng ddn, Lao dgng di irit trong phdp ludt qudc livd Viel Nam, Nxb Lao ddng xd hdi, HdNgi, 2011
7. MUTRAP, Hiep dinh Thuang mai tu do: Mdt sd khdi niem ca bdn. Ha Ngi, 2012
S. Ngdn hdng Nhd nUdc Viit Nam, TrUdng Dgi hoc Ngan hdng TP. Ho Chi Minh, Ky yiu hdi thdo nhiing vdn dipbdp ly c^a doanh nghiip Viet Nam trong hgi nhgp TPP, Nxb Kinh li'TP. Ho Chi Minh, TP. Ho Chi Minh, 2016.
9. Ngd Thi Trang, "Khung phdp ly vi tu do hda lao dgng trong Cdng dong kinh ti'Hiep hdi cdc nUdc Dong Nam A - Mdtsdhgn che \dkhuyi'n nghi", Tgp chi Nhd nudc vd Phdp lugt, so 343, 11/2016, Ir. 79-84.
10. Trdn Thi Ngoc Quyen, "Cam ket trong ITnh vuc lao dgng vd di chuyen lao dgng hudng den Cong ddng Kmh te ASEAN (AEC) vd mdt sdvdndi ddt ra cho Viet Nam", Tap chi Kinh liddi ngogi,.w 77.11/2015, tr. 65-75 11. Trdn Thj Ngoc Quyen, Nguyen Hdi Ninh, "Chinh sdch lien quan di'n lao ddng tai Hiep hdi cdc qudc gia Dong Nam A", Tgp chi Kinh liddi ngogi, sd84, 08/2016, tr. 14-22.
12. Trung tdm WTO vd Hgi nhdp (b). Cam nang tdm luge: Cong dong Kinh te ASEAN. Hd Ngi, 2016.
13. PCS TS. Nguyen Thudng Lang, ThS. Trdn Ddc Thdng, "Ddnh gid nguon nhdn lUc Viet Nam khi tham gia AEC 07/07/2016, xemtai: http://wwn.pishiid.com/danh-gia-nguon-nhan-luc-viet-nam-khi-tham-gia-aec-ncl 5 (ngay tnrf cdp 01/05/2019).
14 TS. Nguyin Thanh Tdm, "Tong quan vi cdc ETA Ihi hi mdi", 2016. xem lai: hltp://giaoducvaxahoi.vn/iin-phap- luat/t-ng-quan-v-cac-fla-th-h-m-i html (ngdy truy cdp 24/04/2019).
15. Trung tdm Hd irg Phdt trien quan he lao dong - Bg Lao dgng, Thuang binh vd Xd hdi (b), "Tuyin bo ndm 1998 va 8 con g udc ca bdn cua ILO", IS/03/2016, xem Igi: http://quanhelaodong.gov.vn/tuyen-bo-nam-1998-va-8-cong-uoc- co-bancua-ilo/(ngdy Iruy cdp 26/04/2019)
16. AEC Blueprint 2007. .xem tai. hltp-//asean.org/wp-content/uploads/archive/ 5187-lO.pdf (ngdy Iruy cap 11/05/2019).
220 So 11 -Thang 6/2019
KINH TE
17. European Union - Vietnam Free Trade Agreement 18. Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement.
19. ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community BluePrint 2015, xem tai: http://asean.org/wp-contenl/uploads/archive/51S7-
!9.pdf(ngdy truy cdp 11/05/2019).
Ngay nhdn bai: 12/5/2019
Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va s^a chO'a: 31/5/2019 Ngay chap nhdn dang bai: 10/6/2019
Thdng tin tdc gid:
ThS. D 6 HONG QUYEN Dai hoc Thfftfng mai
COMMITMENTS ON THE LABOUR MOVEMENT IN THE AEC
• Master. DO HONG QUYEN Thuongmai University
ABSTRACT:
The ASEAN Ecdnomie Community was founded to create a single common market and a unified production facility, including the free flow of goods, services, mvestment, capital and skilled labor; thereby improving competitiveness and promoting prosperity for the whole region.
Therefore, ASEAN countries have signed many agreements which initially create a legal framework for liberalizing the labor movement in the region. This study is to systematically analyze the legal framework for the labor sector in order to promote the labor movement liberalization m the AEC.
Keyword: Commitment on labour, movement of natural persons, the movement of natural persons in the AEC.
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