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fil^UUdCQUdClfNAM2l)05-TH|rCIRiiiNGVAGlAlPHAP
NGUYiN TH! H6NG YB'N * odoufHOANG**
Tdm tM: Thm: tien cho thdy, co hai phuang thdc thvc hiin diiu u&c qudc ti (Dl/QT) chu yeu dugc cdc quoc gia sir dgng la dp dvng trgc tiip hogc tiin hdnh chuyen hod (ngi lugt hod) Dl/QT. Bdi viet trinh bdy cdc quy djnh cda phdp lugt qudc ti vd phdp ludt Viit Nam liin quan din ngi lugt hod/chuyen hod cdc quy phgm phdp lugt qudc ti.
Tir khod: Diiu le&c qudc ti; chuyin hod; ngi ludt hod; thgc hiin dieu u&c qudc te.
Abstract: The practice has shown that two main modes to implement international treaties that states normally use are direct application or transformation (internalisation) of international treaties.
This paper aruilyses provisions of international taw and Vietnamese law relating to internalisation/
treaisformation of international norms.
Keywords: International treaty; transformation; internalisation; implementation of international treaties.
1. Khai q u a t ve n$i lu^t hoa dieu u d c quIc t l
Thyc tien thi hdnh DU'QT tgi cdc quIc gia cho thay cd hai cdch thuc chd ySu md cdc quoc gia thanh viSn cd thS thuc hien d l thi hdnh cdc D L T Q T Id dp dyng tryc tilp vd dp dyng gidn tilp.
Ap dvng trgc tiip Id vi$c cdc D L T Q T cd the dugc qudc gia thyc hipn thdng qua mpt tuyen bo rd rdng dugc ghi nhdn ttong biln phdp hodc cac vdn kipn khdc cda qudc gia.
Dd Id sy cdng nhdn DLTQT Id mdt bd phdn cda hp thdng phdp lugt quoc gia va cd gia tri rdng huge tryc tilp doi vdi cdc ca nhan, td chuc ttSn lanh thd quoc gia thanh vien.*'*
Ap dung gidn tiip Id hdnh vi cda co quan nhd nude cd thdm quyin nhdm sua ddi, bo sung bode ban hdnh cdc vdn ban quy phgm phdp lu^t dS thyc hien cdc cam ket qudc te.
Bdn chit cua tien trinh ndy cd t h i hieu Id qud
tiinh chuyln hod, dua cdc quy phgm D l / Q T vdo ttong cdc vdn ban quy phgm phdp ludt trong nude de thuc hipn ttong pham vi lanh t h i quoc gia. Nhin chung, ddy Id cdch thdc thyc hien kha phd biln d cdc qudc gja trSn the gidi vi nd vda dam bdo sy thdng nhit, dn dinh vd ddc thu cda hp thdng phdp luat quoc gia, vda dam bdo dugc nguySn tdc tdn ttpng chd quyen ciia qu6c gia ttong qua trinh thyc hien cdc cam kSt quoc t l ndi chung.*^'
LiSn quan den van de ngi ludt hod DLTQT, trong gidi nghiSn cdu hipn van cdn tdn tgi nhftng each hieu khdc nhau. Cd quan ffilm cho ring, ndi lugt hod Id qua trinh phdp If do CO quan nha nude cd tham quySn tiln hdnh nhdm chdp nhgn hieu lyc rang budc cua DU*QT.'^* Nhu vay, theo quan ffilm nay thi
*,** Th?ic sT lu§t hpc, giing viSn Trudng D^i hpc Lu§t Hi N$i
TAP CHl LUAT HOC S 6 10/2015
NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO OOI
ndi ludt hoa dudng nhu dugc hieu ddng nhit vdi cdc hdnh vi ma qudc gia tien hdnh nhdm chap nhdn gid tri hieu luc rang budc vdi mgt Dl/QT nhin hanh vi kf chmh thdc, phS chudn, phe duyet vd gia nhdp Dl/QT. Quan diSm khac lai cho rang, npi luat hod vd qud trinh chip nhan hipu lyc phdp If cda Dl/QT Id hai pham frd khac nhau vd cd mdi quan he tuong ddi dpc lap vdi nhau.*"** Cac nhd nghiSn cdu tiieo quan diim nay dua ra each gidi thfch cho nhdn dinh cda hp rang: Trong khi vipc chap nhgn hieu lyc phap U cda ffieu udc dugc hiSu Id hanh vi cda co quan nhd nude cd tham quyen nhdm hoan tit cac thd tyc phdp tf ttong nude va thdng qua dd the hipn viec qudc gia tham gia ffieu udc chap nhgn su rang bupc phap If cda ffieu udc ddi vdi minh thi ndi ludt hoa lgi Id qua ttinh co quan nhd nude cd tham quyen tien hdnh cac boat ddng can thiSt de chuyen boa cdc quy phgm cda Dl/QT vdo trong he thdng phap lugt quoc gia bdng each ban hanh, sda ddi, bd sung vdn bdn quy phgm phdp ludt ttong nude de thuc hien.
Tuy nhien, cung can luu y ring, hoat ddng npi luat hod DlTQT khdng bao hdm y nghia Idm "bien ddi" hay "chuyln ddi" quy pham phap luat qudc te trd thdnh quy pham phap luat quoc gia. Muc tiSu chd yeu cda viec npi lugt hod Dl/QT Id nhdm tiiyc thi cac cam ket qudc te bdng mpi bipn phdp md qudc gia thdnh viSn thdy phu hgp nhat. Dieu nay ding cd the hieu Id viec ngi luat boa nhdm lam cho he tiling phdp lugt qudc gia ttd tiianh mdi trudng phdp h' thudn lgi vd khdng cdn ttd viec thyc thi cac cam kSt qudc tl mdt cdch tgn tdm, thien chf, ddng thdi van dam bao dugc tfnh ddc thd vd lgi ich ciia quoc gia thdnh vien. Ngi luat hod cung khdng phai la ffieu
kipn dS DLTQT phdt suih hieu lyc ddi vdi cdc qudc gia thanh vien bdi vi cac Dl/QT se co hieu lyc khi: 1) Phai dugc ki kit ttSn co sd ty nguypn, binh ddng; 2) Ndi dung cua ffieu udc khdng frai vdi cac nguySn tdc co ban ciia luat quoc tl; 3) Thim quyin vd trinh ty, tiid tyc ki ket phai dung theo quy dinh cda cac bSn kSt udc.*^' Thai diim bit dau cd hieu luc cda ffilu udc do cac ben kit udc thoa thugn va thudng dugc ghi nhgn rd rang, chfnh xac d phan cudi cdng trong ca ciu cua Dl/QT do.**'
Td nhftng phdn rich trSn, theo tac gid, ngi lugt boa DL/QT nen dugc hiSu Id qua trinh (khdng phai la hdnh vi) dugc thyc hien bdi CO quan nha nude cd tham quyen nham
"dua ngi dung cdc quy phgm dieu u&c qudc ti vdo ngi dung cua quy phgm phdp lugt trong nu&c thong qua viic xdy dung, ban hdnh (siea doi, bo sung, bdi bo hogc ban hdnh m&i) vdn bdn quy phgm phdp ludt trong nu&c di CO ngi dung phdp li tuong thich vdi ngi dung cua cdc quy djnh ciia dieu u&c da dugc ki kit hogc gia nhdp".^^^ Dilu nay phu hgp vdi quy dinh trong Lugt kf kit, gia nhgp va tiiyc hipn DLTQT ndm 2005 (Ludt DLTQT) cua Viet Nam: "Viic ban hdnh vdn bdn quy phgm phdp ludt phdi bdo ddm khdng ldm cdn trd viic thuc hien Dl/QT md Cgng hod xd hgi chu nghfa Vi4t Nam Id thdnh viin cd quy djnh vi cdng mdt vdn di".^^^
2. Quy dinh vl n§i lu^t hoa dieu udc quoc te trong Lugt ki kit, gia nhap va thuc hien dieu irdc quoc te nam 2005 va mdt so giai phap hoan thipn
2.1. Quy djnh vi ngi ludt hod diiu udc qudc ti trong Ludt ki kit, gia nhgp vd thgc hl4n diiu udc qudc ti ndm 2005
Ludt DLTQT Id budc tien quan trgng
NGHIEN CLTU-TRAO OOI
ttong viec hodn thipn phdp ludt ffieu chinh cdc cdng tdc lien quan den ITnh vyc Dl/QT d Viet Nam. Ludt dugc xdy dyng tren ca sd phd hgp vdi HiSn phdp nam 1992 (sda ddi, bd sung ndm 2001), kl thfta nhftng nOi dung cdn thfch hgp cua Phdp I$nh kf ket vd thyc hiSn DLTQT nam 1998, dong tiidi vl co bdn bdo dam sy tuong thfch vdi Cdng udc ViSn ndm 1969 ve ludt DLTQT md Viet Nam Id tiidnh viSn tu ngdy 05/10/2001. Lugt quy dinh cy thi vl cdc nguySn tdc, thim quyen, trinh ty, thd tyc, vipc qudn If nha nude, co che phdi hgp gifta cdc ca quan hftu quan frong cdng tdc dieu udc quIc tl; ddc bipt, vdi cdc quy dinh vS tuan thd dilu udc, mii quan he gifta Dl/QT vdi phdp lugt trong nude, vipc bao ddm tiiyc hipn DLTQT, Ludt Dl/QT da the che hod kip thdi, diy dd chd truong, dudng loi cda Ddng. ddp ung yeu cau hodn thipn he thong phdp ludt phyc vy h$i n h ^ kinh te quIc te, ttanh thu ngogi lyc vd phdt huy toi da ngi lyc de phdt trien dit nude...
Lien quan den ngi ludt hod dieu udc quIc tl, Dilu 6 Lugt DL/QT quy dinh: "Cdn cu vdo yiu cdu, ngi dung, tfnh chdt cua diiu le&c qudc te, Quoc hgi, Chu tjch nu&c. Chfnh phii khi quyet djnh chdp nhgn su rdng huge cda diiu u&c quoc ti dong th&i quyit djnh dp dvng trgc tiep todn bg hodc mgt phdn diiu u&c qudc ti ddi vdi co quan. td chirc, cd nhdn trong trudng hgp quy djnh cua diiu udc quoc ti dd dd rd, dd chi tiit di thgc hiin; quyet djnh hogc kiin nghj sua doi, bd sung, bdi bo hogc ban hdnh vdn bdn quy phgm phdp lugt di thuc hi4n Dl/QT do".
Nhu vdy, Vipt Nam ghi nhgn cd hai cdch tilde thyc bipn Dl/QT (dp dyng ttvc tilp hodc dp dyng gidn tiep Dl/QT), dong tiidi
ciing ghi nhgn ttdch nhipm cua QuIc hdi, Chd tich nude vd Chinh phd trong vi$c xem xet vd quySt dinh cdch thdc thyc hien doi vdi timg logi ffilu udc khdc nhau, ttong dd, chi nhiing ffieu udc ndo quy dinh dd dd rd, dd chi tilt mdi tiln hdnh dp dyng tryc tilp.
BSn canh dd, Luat Dl/QT cung quy dinh phuang phdp thuc thi vd npi lugt hod DLTQT, theo dd viec thyc thi Dl/QT cin tuan thd cac nguySn tac da dugc quy dinh tgi Dieu 6 Ludt Dl/QT. Trong trudng hgp vdn ban quy phgm phdp lu^t vd DLTQT md Cong hod XHCN Viet Nam Id thanh viSn cd quy dinh khdc nhau vl cdng mdt vin de thi dp dyng quy dinh cua DLTQT. Vipc ban hdnh vdn bdn quy pham phdp ludt phdi bdo dam khdng Idm can ttd vipc thyc hi$n Dl/QT md Cdng hod XHCN Viet Nam Id thdnh vien cd quy dinh ve cdng mpt vin dl. Trudng hgp Dl/QT cd quy dinh ttdi hodc chua dugc quy dinh trong vdn ban quy phgm phdp lu$t cda QuIc hOi, Uy ban thudng vy Quoc hgi h o ^ Dl/QT md dl thyc hien cin sda ddi, bo sung, bai bd hodc ban hdnh vdn bdn quy phgm phdp lugt cda QuIc hgi, Uy ban thudng vy Quoc hgi thi Dl/QT dd phdi dugc trinh Uy ban thudng vy QuIc hdi cho ^ kiln trudc khi ddm phdn, kf hodc gia nhgp; ttong trudng hgp ddm phan, kf ho$c gia nh|ip Dl/QT cd quy djnh ttdi vdi vdn bdn quy pham phdp lugt cda Qudc hdi thi Uy ban thudng vu Qu6c hgi bao cdo trinh QuIc hgi cho y kien.
Khoan 10 Dilu 14 Luat DLTQT cung ghi nhgn: Ca quan dl xuit ki kit cd ti^ch nhipm kiln nghi vl vipc dp dyng ttyc tilp todn bp hodc mgt phin Dl/QT hodc sda ddi, bo sung, bai bd, ban hdnh vdn ban quy pham phdp lugt dl tfiyc hien Dl/QT. Nhu vgy, neu vipc
TAP CHl LUAT HOC S 6 10/2015
tiiyc hien nghia vy p h ^ If quoc tl phdt sinh tu Dl/QT md cin phai sira ddi, bo sung phdp ludt hien hdnh thi co quan de xuat viec kf kit Dl/QT sS phdi chd d^ng phoi hgp vdi Bp ngoai giao, Bp tu p h ^ dS kiln nghi co quan nhd nude cd thim quyin thuc hipn viec ndy.
Ngodi ra, vin de ngi lugt hod cdn dugc dl cgp tgi mpt sd ffilu khodn khdc, vf dy nhu tai ffilm c khoan 4 Dilu 50 cd quy dinh vl quylt dinh gia nhdp Dl/QT nhilu bSn cin cd mpt so ngi dung trong dd cd ngi dung ve "quyit djnh dp dvng true tiip todn bg hogc mdt phdn Dl/QT; quyit djnh hogc kien nghj sua ddi. bd sung, bai bo hodc ban hdnh vdn bdn quy phgm phdp lugt cua Quoc hdi, Vy ban thudng vu Qudc hgi. Chinh phu de thuc hi4n diiu udc qudc ti dugc gia nhgp". Hay khi quy dinh vl kl hoach thyc hipn Dl/QT, vin de npi ludt hod cung mdi chi dugc nSu ra mdt cdch rat khdi qudt, vf du: Theo quy dinh tgi diim c khoan 2 Dilu 71, kl hogch thyc hien Dl/QT bao gom: "... kiin nghj sua ddi, bd sung, bdi bo hogc ban hdnh vdn bdn quy phgm phdp lugt di thuc hi4n diiu udc quoc te".
2.2. Mgt so gidi phdp hodn thi4n quy djnh vi ngi lugt hod diiu udc quoc ti trong Ludt ki kit, gia nhgp vd thuc hi4n dieu udc quoc te ndm 2005 cda Vi4t Nam
Sau gin 10 ndm trien khai thi hdnh, boat dgng kf kit, gia nhgp va thyc hien Dl/QT tai Vipt Nam dd dgt dugc nhilu thdnh tyu ddng khfch Ip. Tuy nhiSn, cdc quy dinh tiong Lugt DLTQT da bdt diu bgc 1$ nhftng bit cap, khdng bit kip vdi xu thS hgi nhgp vd ySu ciu cda tiidi ki mdi, d§c bipt ttong cdng tdc ngi ludt hod, nhiing quy dinh cda Luat ndy cdn kha nhieu hgn che cdn dugc nghiSn cdu sda ddi, bl sung, cy the nhu sau:
Thd nhdt, sd lugng cdc quy dinh ve npi lu^ hod ttx)ng Ludt DlTQT cdn hgn cbl, chi ndm rdi rdc trong mpt sd ffieu khoan nhat dinh. Ngodi cdc quy dinh tgi Dilu 6 vd Dieu 14, vin de npi ludt hod DLTQT cung cbl dugc nhic tdi mdt cdch khdi qudt tgi m$t so dilu khodn nhu tgi ffilm c khoan 4 Dilu 50, ffilm c khoan 2 Dilu 71...
Theo Bdo cdo ting kit 9 ndm tiii h^id\.
Lu§t kf kit, gia n h ^ vd thyc hipn DL/CJT giai dogn 2006 - 2014 ciia Bg ngogi gjao Viet Nam, tinh tu ngdy 01/01/2006 din ngdy 31/10/2014 Vipt Nam da kf 1023 Dl/QT hai bSn, ttong dd cd 254 Dl/QT nhdn danh Nhd nude, 769 DlTQT nhan danh Chfnh phu. Trong cdc DU'QT da kl kit, c6 827 DLTCJT cd hipu lyc, 47 DLTQT chua cd hi^u lyc do ben doi tdc chua hodn tiidnh tiid tyc, 121 DlT(3T chua cd hipu lyc do Vipt Nam chua phS chuan, phS duyet vd 28 DLT(3T da hit hipu lyc. Trong khodng thdi gian nay, Viet Nam da ki ket, phS chuin, phS duypt ho$c gia n h ^ 219 Dl/(3T nhilu ben, trong dd cd 36 Dl/QT nhan danh Nhd nude, 183 Dl/QT nhan danh Chfnh phd.
S6 lugng cdc DU'QT md Vipt Nam kf kit, hodc gia nhgp ngay cdng tdng, trung binh m5i ndm Id hon 100 DL/QT, bao gIm cdc DlTCJT hai ben vd Dl/QT nhilu bSn d khu vyc vd frSn pham vi the gidi, cd nhirng Dl/QT nhilu bSn vdi sy tham gia cua hau hit quoc gia trSn till gidi.*'' Vdi so lugng ldn cdc DlTCJT dd dugc kf kSt vd dang dugc thi hdnh trong phgm vi Idnh till tiii viec Lu$t Dl/QT chi cd 4 dilu khoan quy dinh vl vin dl n$i lugt hod theo tdc gid la chua hgp If ciing nhu chua d ^ dng dugc ySu ciu ciia finh hinh tiiyc tien ddt ra, d$c biet Id trong boi cayh hi$n nay, khi md Viet Nam da, dang vd se kf kit, gia nhi^ nhilu DLT(3T khdc nhdm phyc vy cdng tdc phdt triln
TAP CHl LUAT Hpc S6 10/2015
NGHIEN CLTU-TRAO OOI
kinh tS ciing nhu bdi nhap. ^ao luu quoc te.
Tdc gia cho ring, song song vdi viec quy dinh mpt cdch cy thi cdc ngi dung lien quan din vin dl nOi lu$t hod, Dy thdo Luat Dl/QT ciing can tiln them mdt budc nfta trong viec xac djnh rd thim quyin cua Qu6c hgi, Chd tich nude, C h ^ phd vd Tbd tudng Chuih phd ttong cdng tdc nOi lugt hod md d$c bipt la ttong vipc sda dii, bd sung, bu^ bd hodc ban hdnh mdi cdc vdn bdn quy phgm p h ^ lugt nhdm phuc vy qud ttinh thyc hipn DL/QT ndi riSng cung nhu cdng tac trien khai thyc hien cdc quy dinh mdi ciia HiSn phdp 2013 ndi chung. Dilu ndy Id thuc sy cin thilt bdi IS Hiin phdp ndm 2013 ^ sda doi mgt si quy dinh Uen quan den thim quyen cda C^dc hdi, Chd tich nude, Chfnh phd vd Thu tudng Chfnh phd trong qud tiinh kf kit, gia nhdp va tiiyc hien Dl/QT. Ddc bipt, neu chilu theo quy dinh tgi khoan 14 Dilu 70 Hien phdp ndm 2013, khi quy dinh ve thim quyen cua Qaoc hOi, Dy thao Lugt Dl/QT can cdn n h ^ vdn dl QuIc h$i chi nSn cd thim quyen chung tgi mgt so ITnh vyc cdn ban (vf dy nhu cac Dl/QT liSn quan den chiln tranh, hod binh, chd quyin quoc gia, tu cdch thdnh viSn cda Cdng hod xd hgi chd nghia Vipt Nam tai cdc tl chuc quoc tl; cac Dl/QT ve quyen con ngudi, quyen vd nghia vy ca bdn cda cdng ddn v.v..''^^. Ddi vdi nhiing ITnh vyc khac, E)y thao s€ quy dinh tren ca sd phan cdng, phii hgp gifta cac ITnh vyc, cd Iim y tdi nhiem vy, quyen hgn ddc thd ciia tiing ca quan. Neu chi dimg d nhiing quy dinh nhu hipn nay se gdy ra rat nhieu khd khdn, trd nggi Cling nhu sy khdng tuong thfch giiia cac quy dinh cda Luat vdi Hiin phdp ndm 2013.
Thie hai. Lugt DlTQT chua cd sy phdn dinh rd rdng logi ffieu udc ndo s6 tiln hdnh
ip dyng true tiep vd logi ffieu uac nao sS tien hdnh ngi luat hod. Viec quy dinh chung chung Id dp dung tryc tiep vdi cdc ffilu udc quy dinh da dd chi tiet Id kha ma ho, khdng chi ro muc dd chi tilt cin thilt cda ffilu udc' de cd the dp dyng tryc tiep. Vf dy hipn nay trong khudn khd cdc cam ket vdi WTO, Vipt Nam cung mdi chi dp dyng tryc tiep m$t vdi earn kit cd quy dinh tuang dii diy dd vd cu the. Trong khi dd, vdi nhftng cam kit vl thul suit hdng hoa va dich vu (thdng thudng day cung Id nhftng cam kit dugc cdc chd the quy dinh kha rd rang), vipc dp dyng tryc tilp hau nhu hiem khi xdy ra... Hay trong ITnh vyc dp dyng vd thyc hi$n cdc DLTQT vl quyin con ngudi cung tuong ty. Day Id m$t trong nhiing Unh vyc rat quan trgng, anh hudng tryc tilp tdi quyin vd nghia vy cda moi cd nhdn, moi cdng ddn. Mdt khdc, vipc quy dinh vin dl n$i ludt hod hay tryc tilp ip dyng cdc quy dinh cda cdc Cdng udc qu6c te vl quyin con ngudi ciing chfnh Id viec chung ta dang triSn khai thyc hipn chu quyen doi vdi dan cu ciia qudc gia. Ngodi nhiing Unh vyc da nSu, sy phan dinh ro rdng logi ffieu udc ndo tiln hdnh dp dyng tryc tilp vd logi ffieu udc ndo can ngi lugt bod se tao co sd cho cdng tdc DLTQT dugc tiiln khai tiiyc hi^n m$t cdch ddng bg, thing nhit trSn thuc tien.
Thir ba, Lugt DlTQT dang tiiilu ving cdc quy dinh vl quy trinh ngi luat hod, co quan chiu trdch nhipm thyc bipn ndi ludt hod vd vin dl kilm tra, gidm sdt ddi vdi qud trinh ngi ludt hod... Dilu ndy tit ylu din tdi sy thilu thing nhit hogc chong cheo trcmg qud trinh thyc hipn ndi ludt hod. Theo quan ffilm cda tdc gid, do ngi lu^t hod Id cdch thuc dugc su dyng chd yeu va pho bien trong vipc trien khai tiu hanh DLTCJT tgi Viet Nam nen Lugt
TAP CHi LUAT HOC S 6 10/2015
NGHIEN c u u - TRAO DOI
sda ddi, bd sung Luat Dl/QT cin cd nhftng quy dinh cy the hem ve van de ndi ludt hod, tham chf cd the xdy dyng chuyen myc riSng nhdm ghi nhgn mpt cdch chmh thdc quy trinh, thd tyc, thim quyin va cdc vin dS khdc liSn quan den npi ludt hod Dl/QT. Dieu ndy se tgo dieu kien thudn lgi cho ca quan nhd nude ttong viec xdc djnh va dp dyng cdch thdc thyc hien ffilu udc cho timg logi ffilu udc khdc nhau, ttdnh tdm If Idng tung, "chd dpi" vdn bdn hudng dan trong qud ttinh thyc hipn...
Ngay 28/11/2013, Qudc hOi Khod XHI dd thdng qua Hiin phdp nude Cdng hod xd hpi chd nghTa Vipt Nam, tao ca sd chfnh tri- pbdp If vftng chdc cho cdng cugc ddi mdi todn dien dit nude trong thdi ki hgi nhgp mdi. Rieng ve hogt dpng kf kSt thyc hien cdc Dl/QT, Hien phdp ciing nhin mgnh: Nude Cgng hod xd hgi chu nghfa Viet Nam thgc hi4n nhdt qudn dudng loi doi ngogi dgc Igp.
tu chit, hod binh. hOu nghj, hgp tdc vd phdt triin (...) tudn thu Hiin chuang Lien hgp quoc vd diiu udc qudc ti md Cong hod xa hgi chu nghTa Viet Nam Id thdnh viin; Id bgn, doi tdc tin cdy vd thdnh viin co trdch nhi4m trong cgng ddng qudc ti vi lgi fch quoc gia, ddn tgc, gdp phdn vdo su nghi4p hod binh, dgc lap ddn tgc, ddn chu vd tiin bg xd hgi trin thi gidi.^^"
Xuit phdt tft tbyc tien thi hdnh Luat Dl/QT vd nhiing ddi hdi khdch quan cda qud trinh hdi nhgp, phdt triSn, vipc xem xet sua ddi mdt so npi dung cda Ludt Dl/QT, ttong dd cd cdc quy dinh liSn quan den vin dl npi ludt hod Id thyc sy cin thiet nhdm phd hgp ban vdi Hien p h ^ ndm 2013, dong thdi tgo nin tdng phdp If viing chic vd rd rdng cho qud trinh thyc hipn cac cam kit quIc tl ttong pham vi Idnh thd Vipt Nam. De ldm dugc
ffilu ndy, Dy tiido Li^t Dl/QT sfta dii cin tdp ttung bl khuylt cung nhu ldm ro thSm cdc dilu khodn dang nay sinh vudng mdc, bit c?lp trong thuc tien thi hdnh Ludt Dl/QT;
nghiSn cuu, tham khdo, tilp thu cd chgn lpc kinh nghiSm cua nude ngodi vl kf kit vd thyc bipn Dl/QT nhdm hodn thien hem nfta phap lugt Vi$t Nam vl vin dl ndy, ddng thdi bit kip vdi ySu ciu vd xu hudng hpi nhdp qudc te cda Viet Nam ttong giai dogn mdi./.
(1). - Dilu 25 Kiln phip CHLB Diic ghi nhgn: "Cdc nguyin tdc chung cua lu^t qu6c ti Id m^t 6(5 ph^n cda Lugt Liin bang. Chung cd uu thi hem so vdi cdc ludt vd trtcc tiip tgo ra cdc quyin vd nghTa vg ddi vdi mgi ngudi tren lanh thd Liin bang". NguIn: htq)://www.ius comp.org/gla/statules/GG.htm, truy c§p ngiy 15/4/2015.
- Dieu IS Hien phip ciia Li§n bang Nga quy dgnh:
"Cdc nguyen tdc ca bdn vd quy phgm cda lugt qaoc ti vd cdc DlfQT cda Liin bang Nga s3 Id mdt bg phdn cau thdnh cua hi thong phdp ludt quic gia. Trudng hgp Dl/QT ho$c thod thugn khdc cda Liin bang Nga cd nhimg quy djnh khdc biit so vdi nhung quy djnh cda phdp lugt Liin bang thi cdc quy djnh cua DUQT sS dugc dp dgng". NguIn: http://www.constitution.
ru/en/10003000-02.hun, Uuy c§p ngiy 15/4/2015.
(2).Xem: TS. Hoing Phir6c Hi?p, Bdo cdo phiic trinh di ldi nghien cim khoa hgc cdp bg "Ngi ludt hod cdc Dl/QT Viit Nam ki kit vd tham gia phgc vg qud trinh hgi nhgp kinh tiquSc ti". Hi Npi, 2007.
(3).Xem: TS. Hoing Phudc Hi?p, tldd.
(4 ).Xem: TS. Hoing Phudc Hi§p. Udd.
(5).Xem them: Tnr&ng D^ii hpc Luit Hi N0i, Gido trinh lugt qudc ti. Nxb. C6ng an nhin din. Hi N^i, 2011.
(6).Xem them: Cic quy djnh c6 HSn quan trong Cong udc Vifin nam 1969 \h luit DUQT.
(7).Xem: Hoing Phu6c Hi#p. tldd.
(8).Xem thSm: Khoin 2 Dik 6 Lu§t kf V.k, gia nhip vi thyc hi?n DU'QT nim 2005.
(9).Xem: Bp ngoai giao Vi?t Nam, Bdo cdo tdng kit thi hdnh lugt Dl/QT giai dogn 2006 - 2011, ngiy 07/3/2012.
(10).Xem them: Hien phip nim 2013.
(I l).Xem: Dieu 12 Hien phip nim 2013.
TAP C H I LUAT HQC s 6 10/2015
