CHUY£N MUC
VAN HOC - N G O N N G O " H O C - NGHIEN CIJ'U VAN H 6 A NGHE THUAT
CHI^N Lu'ac HOC TAP KY NANG NGHE TI^NG TRUNG QU6C C O A SINH VIEN VIET NAM
LLCU HON VU'
Bai viet sir dung phwang phap diiu tra bang hdi khap sat ve viec sir dung chien Iwac hoc tap ky nang nghe tiing Trung Quic ciia sinh vien Viet Nam. Kit qua eho thiy, sinh vien cp tan suit sir dung a mire do trung binh, cac nhan to gidi tinh va dp tuoi khdng anh hwdng din viec sir dung chiin Iwac hoe tap ky nang nghe tiing Trung Quae, giwa chiin Iwac hpc tap va thanh tich hpc tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Quoc ton tai mil twang quan thuan vdi nhau. Tren ca sd do, bai Viet dwa ra mpt so kien nghi vi giang day va hoc tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Quoc.
Tir khda: chi§n lu'p'c hgc tap, ky nang nghe, tieng Trung Qudc
Nhan bai ngay: 3/7/2019; dwa vao bien tap: 6/7/2019; phan bien: 15/7/2019; duypt dang: 12/8/2019
I . D A T V A N O e
Nghe la hoat dpng cd vai trd quan trpng trong giao ti§p hang ngay eua cen ngu'di. Theo thdng ke cua Paul T.
Rankin, trong giac tiep cen ngu'di sCr dung 45% eho heat ddng nghe, 30%
eho heat ddng ndi, 16% eho heat ddng dpc va 9% eho heat ddng v i i t (Ron Iwankovitseh, 2001). Trong qua trinh thu d^e tieng Trung Qudc, ky nang nghe la met ky nang ngdn ngir quan
* T r u d n g Dai hoc Ngan hang Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh.
trong, la phu'crng thirc ddu vao eo ban nhat. Su" thanh bai eua viec hpe ky nang nghe cd anh hu'dng trtre tiep ddn hieu qua hgc tap ngoai ngCr va nang lire giao tldp ngoai ngu' ciJa ngu'di hoc.
Tuy ky nang nghe la ky nang quan trong nhat trong bdn ky nang nghe, ndi, dec, vidt nhu'ng trong thirc te nang li/e nghe eua sinh vien khdng du'gc nhu' mong muon. Theo Qian Yu- lian (2007), ed sir khae biet kha Idn giu'a nhu eSu va nang lire eua sinh vien vd ky nang nghe tieng Trung
LU'U Hi/N VO - C H | 6 N L U O C HQC TAP KY NANG NGHE Tl£NG..
Qudc. Qua dd cd the thSy, can tim k i i m nhOng bien phap hOu hieu de nang eao nang lye nghe cua sinh vien.
Chien lyge hpe tap ky nang nghe la nhii'ng bien phap va each thu'c hge tap ky nang nghe ma ngu'di hge da sir dung trong qua trlnh nghe hieu nhdm nang eae nang lye nghe. Nghien euru eua Vandergrift L. (1999) eho thay, nhyng chien lyge thanh cdng cd the nang cao hieu qua nghe hieu eua sinh vien. Da cd mdt sd edng trlnh (Zhang Jln-hai, 2008; Fan Zu-kui, 2008; Wang Yao-mei, 2013; Xu Li-hua & Zhou Ying, 2016; Wu Jian, 2018) nghien ciru v l chidn li^ge hge tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Qudc eiia sinh vien quoc te.
Song, van chya cd edng trlnh nao nghien eiru vd chldn lyge hge tap ky nang nghe tiSng Trung Qudc eiia sinh vien Viet Nam. VI vay, viec nghien eiru chien lu'oc hge tap ky nang nghe tidng Trung Quoc ciia sinh vien Viet Nam la rat can thlSt. Dldu nay phii hgp vgi nhu edu thye te eiia ngygi hge, dong thdi eung la muc tieu va yeu e l u trong nghien eiru va giang day tieng Trung Qudc eho sinh vien Viet Nam.
Treng pham vi bai v i l t nay, chiing toi meng mudn tim kilm cau tra ldi cho eae cau hdi sau:
Thir nhat, tinh hinh sir dung chiln lyge hpc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe ciia sinh vien Viet Nam nhu' t h i nao? Sinh vien thich sir dung nhyng chiln lyge nao?
Thir hai, cac nhan td ca the (gidi tinh, do tuoi) cd anh hygng d i n viee sir
dung ehiln lu'oc hpe t i p ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc cua sinh vien Vi?t Nam khdng?
Thir ba, viee sir dung ehiln lyge hge tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Quoc va thanh tich hpe tap ky nang nghe ed mdi lu'gng quan vol nhau khdng?
2. PHU-aNG PHAP NGHIEN Cl>U 2.1. Khach the nghien cu'u Tham gia d i l u tra la 190 sinh vien nganh Ngdn ngif Trung Quoe eua Trygng Dai hge Su' pham TPHCM va Trygng Dai hgc Tdn Du'C Thing. Tat ca eae philu thu vao d i u la philu hgp le, dat ti le 100%. Sinh vien tra ldi day du t i t ea eae eau hdi cd trong phieu.
2.2. Cong eu thu thap dir lieu Chiing tdi sir dung phygng phap dilu tra bang hdi d l khao sat chiln lyge hgc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe eua sinh vien. Philu d i l u tra du'gc thilt k l dya tren bang dilu tra chiln lyge hgc tap ky nang nghe eua O' IVIalley & Chamot (1989), cd tong edng 47 eau hdi, sir dung thang do nam bae ciia Likert tir "hoan toan khdng dong y" d i n "hoan toan dong y".
Cac cau hdi nay xoay quanh ba ngi dung: nhdm chiln lyge sieu nhan thirc, nhdm chiln lu'oc nhan thirc va nhdm chiln lyge xa hgi - tinh cam.
Treng dd, nhdm ehiln lu'ge sieu nhan thirc bae gdm eae chiln lu'ge k l hoach (bao gom eae eau T l , T2, T3, T4), eae ehiln lyge giam sat (bao gdm eac cau T5, T6, T7) va eac chiln lu'ge danh gia (bao gdm eae cau T8, T9, TIO, T i l , T12, T13); nhdm chiln lyge nhan thu'c bao gom eac ehiln
TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HQI sd 8 (252) 2019 lu'ge thuat lai (bao gdm cae eau T14, T15, T16, T17, T32), cae chien lu'ge suy luan (bao gom eac eau T18, T19, T20, T21, T22, T23), cae chiln lyge d y dean (bao gdm cae cau T24, T25, T26, T27, T28, T29, T30, T31, T32, T33), cae chiln lyge khai quat (bao gdm eac eau T34, T35, T36) va eae ehiln lyge ehuyin di (bao gdm eae eau T37, T38, T39, T40); nhdm ehiln lyge xa hgi - tinh cam bao gem cac chiln lyge hdi ngygi khac (bao gdm cac cau T41, T42, T43) va cae ehiln lyge tir trd ehuyen (bao gom cae eau T44, T45, T46, T47).
2.3. Cdng cu phan tfch sd lieu
Oxford (1990) chia chiln \wac ra lam 5 tr| trung binh tir 1.0 tr| trung binh tir 1.5 tri trung binh tir 2.5 trj trung binh t y 3.5 tri trung binh tii' 4.
each phan e l p nay
tan s u i t sir dung e l p dp: d p 1 cd d i n 1.4, cap 2 cd d i n 2.4, e l p 3 ed d i n 3.4, d p 4 cd d i n 4.4, d p 5 cd 5 d i n 5.0. Song, ciia Oxford khdng
Chung tdi sir dung p h i n m i m SPSS (phien ban 22.0) d l thong ke, phan tleh sd lieu ma chiing tdi thu thap dyge. Treng bai v i l t nay, ehung tdi sir dung SPSS trong eae thong ke md ta, kiem dinh gia thuyit ve trj trung binh eiia hai tong t h i - trygng hgp m l u ddc lap (Independent - samples T-test) va phan tich tygng quan Pearson.
3. K £ T Q U A V A T H A O LUAN 3.1. Tinh hinh su' dung chiln lu'p'c hoc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc
Tan s u i t sir dung ehiln iirge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc eiia sinh vien nhy sau (xem Bang 1).
the phan d p ehe eac trygng hgp cd tri trung binh tir 1.4 den 1.5, tif 2.4 d i n 2.5, tir 3.4 d i n 3.5, tir 4,4 d i n 4.5.
Vi vay, chiing tdi t i l n hanh dilu chinh lai nhu' sau; d p 1 cd tri trung binh tir 1.0 d i n du-di 1.5, d p 2 ed trj trung binh t y 1.5 d i n dirdi 2.5, d p 3 cd tr|
trung binh t y 2.5 d i n dirgi 3.5, d p 4 Bang 1. Tan suit sir dung chiln lu'oc hoc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoc
Nhom chien l y c c Nhom chien lu'oc sieu nhan thu'c
Nhdm chien l y o c nhan thirc
Nhom c h i l n Iwac xa hpi - tinh cam Tong the
Mean
3.3211
3.1770
2.9504 3.1831
SD
0.53109
0.48107
0.53058 0.41948
Cac chjgn lU'O'C
Cac chien lu'oc ke hoach Cac chien lu'oc giam sat Cac chien liroc danh gi^
Cac chien lu'oc thuat lai Cac chien liroc suy luan Cac chien liroc d y doan Cac chien l y o c khai quat Cac chien lyoc chuyen di Cac chien l y o c hdi ngyoi khac Cac chien l y o c tir tro chuyen
Mean
3.4026 3.0544 3.4000 3.2937 3.5342 2.8883 2.9789 3.2934 2.7719 3.0842
SD 0.72310 0.82792 0.69744 0.72584 0.65701 0.66603 0.77104 0.73671 0.74459 0.71187
LU'U Hiiti VLI - CH|£N LLTQC HQC TAP KY NANG NGHE Tl£NG..
ed tri trung binh tir 3.5 d i n d y d i 4.5, d p 5 ed tri trung binh tir 4.5 d i n 5.0.
Treng dd, d p 1 va d p 2 la e l p dp t i n s u i t sir dung t h i p , d p 3 la d p do t i n s u i t sii' dung trung binh, d p 4 va d p 5 la e l p dg t i n s u i t sir dung eao.
Bang 1 eho thay, sinh vien cd t i n s u i t sir dung ehiln lu'ge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc g mire do trung binh (Mean = 3.1831). Trong dd, eac ehiln lyge suy luan ed tan s u i t d mire do eae (Mean 3.5342), eae chiln lirgc cdn lai d i u ed t i n s u i t g mire do trung binh. Sinh vien sir dung nhilu nhit la nhdm chiln lyge sieu nhan thire, k l d i n la nhdm chiln lirge nhan thire. It sir dung nhit la nhdm chiln lyge xa hpi - tinh cam.
K i t qua nay khdng gidng vol k i t qua nghien ciru ciia Wang Yao-mei (2013).
Thee Wang Yao-mei, sinh vien qudc t l tai Trung Quoe ed tan s u i t sir dung g mdc do eae, treng dd thu'dng xuyen sir dung nhit la nhdm ehiln lyge xa hoi - tinh cam, k l d i n la nhdm chiln lu'ge nhan thu'c. It sir dung nhat la nhdm ehiln lyge sieu nhan thire. D i l u
nay cho t h i y , trong mdi trydng ngdn ngtj' dleh sinh vien thydng xuyen can s y giiip d g cua giang vien hoac nhyng sinh vien Igp tren, ddng thdi ed the t y d i l u chinh cam xiic eiia ban than, t y khieh le ehlnh minh. Ngyge lai, trong mdi trygng ngdn ngy me de, sinh vien thu'dng xuyen danh gia tiln trlnh hge tap cua minh, dong thgi can cir vao tinh hinh thye t l t i l n hanh d i l u chinh viee sii' dung ehiln lu'ge k l hoach eiia minh. Cd the ndi, mdi trygng ngdn ngy eung ed anh hygng nhit djnh d i n viee sir dung ehiln lu'ge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc cua sinh vien.
3.2. Mdi quan he giu'a cac nhan td ca the va viec sir dung chiln lU'O'C hoc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc 3.2.1. I\/I6i quan he giii'a gi&i tinh va viec sir dung chien liroc hgc tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Quoc Trong so eac sinh vien tham gia dilu tra, cd 26 sinh vien nam, chilm ti le 13,7%), 164 sinh vien ny, chilm ti le 86,3%. Tinh hinh sir dung ehiln lyge hpe tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Bang 2. Tinh hinh sir dung chien luge hoc t i p k? nang nghe tieng Trung Quoc theo gidi tinh
Nhom chien lu'p'c
Nhdm chien l y o c sieu nhan thu'c
Nhom chien l y o c nhan th^'c
Nhom chien l y o c xa hpi - tinh cam
Tdng the
Gid'i tinh Nam Ny Nam Nu' Nam NO Nam NO'
Mean 3.4112 3.3068 3.2792 3.1608 3.0934 2.9277 3.2881 3.1665
SD 0.74387 0.49059 0.60734 0 45808 0.53900 0.62733 0.56531 0.39113
t
0.693
0,952
1.484
1.057 P
0.494
0,349
0.139
0.299
TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HQI so 8 (252) 2019 Qudc eua sinh vien nam va sinh vien ny nhy Bang 2.
Bang 2 ehe thay, sinh vien nam ed tan s u i t sir dung ehiln lyge hgc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc eao hgn sinh vien nS. Kiem djnh gia thuyit v l tri trung binh eiia hai tong the - trygng hgp m l u doe lap (Independent samples T-test) ehe t h i y , viee sir dung chiln lu'ge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quee eiia sinh vien nam va sinh vien nir khdng cd s y khae biet ed y nghTa (p > 0.05).
Chiing tdi t i l n hanh kiem djnh gia thuyit ve trj trung binh ciia hai tong t h i tru'ong hgp mau ddc lap (Independent - samples T-test) g eac chiln lyge cu t h i . K i t qua cho thiy, giya sinh vien nam va sinh vien ny cd sy khae biet cd y nghTa treng viee sir dung eae ehiln lyge chuyen di (t 2.058, p = 0.041).
Nhin chung, gidi tinh khdng phai la nhan td anh hu'dng d i n viee sir dung chiln lu'ge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe eiia sinh vien Viet Nam.
K i t qua nay giong k i t qua nghien eiru
ciia Qian Yu-lian (2007), Xu Li-hua &
Zhou Ying (2016). K i t qua nghien ciru cua cae edng trlnh nay deu ehe thiy, khdng cd sy khac biet ed y nghTa v l gigi tinh eiia sinh vien Han Quoe, sinh vien cae nygc chau Phi trong viec sir dung chiln lu'ge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe.
3.2.2. l\/l6i quan he giii'a <Jg tuoi va viec sif dung chien lirgrc hpc tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Quoc Trong so cae sinh vien tham gia d i l u tra, cd 123 sinh vien thude nhdm tuoi 18-20, chilm ti le 64.7%, 67 sinh vien thude nhdm tuoi 21-23, chilm ti le 35,3%. Tinh hinh sii' dung ehiln lu'ge hgc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe eiia sinh vien thude hai nhdm tuoi tren nhy Bang 3.
Bang 3 eho thiy, sinh vien thude nhdm tuoi 18-20 va sinh vien thude nhdm tuoi 21-23 g i n nhu' khdng ed s y khac biet v l tan s u i t sir dung chiln lyge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe. Kilm djnh gia thuyit v l trj trung binh eiia hai tong t h i - trudng hgp m l u dpc lap (Independent Bang 3. Tinh hinh sir dgng chien luge hoc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc theo dd tudi
Nhdm chien lu'p'c
Nhom chien l y p c siSu n h | n thirc
Nhom chien l y o c nhSn thirc
Nhom chien l y o c xa hpi - tinh cam
Tong the
Nhom tudi 18-20 21-23 18-20 21-23 18-20 21-23 18-20 21-23
Mean 3.3189 3.3249 3.1731 3 1841 2.9826 2 8 9 1 3 3.1851 3.1794
SD 0.56968 0.45684 0.50677 0.43351 0.52300 0.54318 0.44571 0.38968
t
-0.074
-0.149
1.134
0.089 P 0,941
0.881
0.258
0.929
LUU HON VO - CHIfeN LUQC HOC TAP K? N A N G N G H E T | £ N G . . .
samples T-test) eho thay, viee sir dung chiln luge hgc tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc ciia sinh vien thude hai nhdm tuoi nay khdng cd s y khae biet cd y nghTa (p > 0.05).
Chung tdi t i l n hanh kilm djnh gia thuyit v l trj trung binh eiia hai tong t h i trygng hgp m l u dgc lap (Independent - samples T-test) g eae ehiln luge cu the. K i t qua eho thiy, giua sinh vien thupc nhdm tuoi 18-20 va sinh vien thudc nhdm tuoi 21-23 khdng ed s y khac biet cd y nghTa trong viec sir dung cac chiln luge cu thi.
Cd the ndi, dg t u l i khdng phai la nhan to anh hugng d i n viee sir dung ehiln luge hoe tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Qudc cua sinh vien Viet Nam.
K i t qua nay gilng vdi k i t qua khao sat ciia Wang Yao-mei (2013). Wang Yao-mei da khao sat tinh hinh sir dung ehiln luge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc giua ba nhdm tuoi (dudi 20 tudi, t u 21 d i n 24 tuoi, tren 25 tuoi), k i t qua eho t h i y khdng ed s u khae biet ed y nghTa ve dd t u l i trong viec SU' dung ehiln luge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc.
3.3. Mdi quan he giira thanh tich hoe tap va viec SLP dung chien lu'p'c hpc tap ky nang nghe t i l n g Trung Quoc
Chiing tdi sir dung phan tieh tuong quan Pearson de k i l m djnh moi tuong quan gliia thanh tieh hge tap va viee sir dung ehiln luge hge tap ky nang nghe t i l n g Trung Quoe. K i t qua nhu Bang 4.
Bang 4. PhSn tich moi tuong quan giiia thcinh tich hpc tap vd chiln luge hpc tap ky nSng nghe tieng Trung Qudc
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
Nhdm chien lU'O'C si&u
nhan thCrc 0.294 0.000
Nhdm chien iLfOC nhSn thirc 0.154 0.034
Nh6m chien ILFOC xa hOi-tinh cam 0.104 0.152 Bang 4 ehe t h i y , viee sir dung nhdm chiln luge sieu nhan thire, nhdm ehiln lyge nhan thire va thanh tich hgc tap t i l n g Trung Quoe ciia sinh vien ed moi tugng quan vgi nhau (p <
0.05). Qua dd cho t h i y , tan s u i t sir dung chien luge ed anh hygng n h i t djnh d i n thanh tieh hge t i p tilng Trung Quoc ciia sinh vien.
Chung tdi t i l n hanh phan tich tuong quan Pearson giya thanh tich hge tap va viee sir dung cac ehiln luge eu t h i . K i t qua eho thay, ed moi tugng quan giiia thanh tich hoe tap va viec sir dung cae c h i l n luge k l hogeh (r = 0.321, p 0.000), eac chiln luge giam sat (r = 0.198, p = 0.006) va eac ehiln luge danh gia (r = 0.146, p = 0.045) trong nhdm ehiln luge sieu nhan thire, cae ehiln luge suy luan (r
= 0.240, p = 0.001) va cac chiln luge ehuyen dl (r = 0.232, p = 0.001) treng nhdm chiln luge nhan thu'c. Sinh vien nao thudng xuyen sir dung eac chiln lyge nay se ed thanh tieh hge t i p ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc cao hgn, ngugc lai, nhu'ng sinh vien it sir dung eac chien luge nay se ed thanh tieh hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc t h i p hgn.
TAP CHl KHOA HQC XA HQI s6 8 (252) 2019 K i t qua nay cd p h i n giong vdi k i t qua khao sat cua Wang Yao-mei (2013), Wu Jian (2018). CQng nhu k i t qua nghien eiru eiia ehung tdi, cae nghien ciru nay deu eho rang tan suat sii' dung eae chiln luge danh gia treng nhdm chiln luge sieu nhan thirc, cae chiln luge suy luan trong nhdm ehiln luge nh|n thirc cd anh hygng d i n thanh tleh hge tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Qudc eua sinh vien. Seng, khae vgi k i t qua nghien eiru eiia chiing tdi, k i t qua eua eae nghien eiru nay cdn cho rang t i n s u i t sir dung eae c h i l n luge d u dean trong nhdm c h i l n lyge n h | n thirc cd anh hudng d i n thanh tieh hge t | p ky nang nghe tieng Trung Qudc ciia sinh vien. Trong khi dd, cac ehiln luge d u doan lai It dugc sinh vien Viet Nam sir dung (Mean = 2.8883, SD = 0.66603), va chiing khdng ed mdi tugng quan vdi thanh tich hge tap (r = 0.059, p = 0.419).
4. T H A O L U A N V A K I £ N N G H ! Tinh hinh tong the v l viee sir dung ehiln lyge hoe tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc ciia sinh vien Viet Nam khdng m I y kha quan. T i n s u i t sir dung g mu'C dd trung binh. O i l u nay che t h i y , sinh vien Viet Nam ed y thiic va nhu c l u sir dung chiln lyge hge tap ky nang nghe treng qua trinh hge tap tilng Trung Quce, nhung v i n khdng the sir dung thanh thue cae ehiln luge nay, giang vien d n ehu trgng bdi dudng va ren luyen eho sinh vien eae ehiln luge hoe tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc.
Cae nhan to gidi tinh va do tuoi khdng anh hud'ng d i n viee sir dung ehiln lyge hge t | p ky nang nghe tilng Trung Quoe eua sinh vien Viet Nam.
D i i u nay ed the vl khach t h i nghien eiru eiia chdng tdi la sinh vien nganh Ngdn ngii' Trung Qudc. Sinh vien cd muc dleh va ap lye trong hpe tap nhu nhau, vi vay khdng ed s y khac biet cd y nghTa trong viee sir dung ehiln luge hge tap ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc.
Giua ehiln luge hge t i p va thanh tieh hge t i p ky nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc ton tai mdi tygng quan thu|n vgi nhau. Cae sinh vien thudng xuyen sir dgng nhdm ehiln luge sieu nh|n thire (nhat la eae ehiln lyge k l hoach, eac chiln luge giam sat va eae ehiln luge danh gia), nhdm chiln lyge nhan thire (nhit la eac ehiln lyge suy lu|n va eae ehiln luge ehuyen di) se cd thanh tieh hge t i p ky nang nghe tdt hgn.
Tir nhung k i t qua nghien eiru tren day, chiing tdi xin dua ra mdt sd kiln nghj sau:
Thir nhat, giiip sinh vien cd y thire sir dung chiln luge hge tap. Trong qua trlnh giang day eae hgc phan ky nang nghe, giang vien d n gliip sinh vien tang cudng nh|n thiie v l chiln luge hge t i p , dac biet la nhdm ehiln lyge nhan thire va nhdm chiln lyge xa hpi - tinh cam.
Thy hai, dua vl$c ren luyen chiln luge hgc tap v i e qua trlnh hge tap ky nang nghe. Giang vien can ehu trgng phygng phap ren luyen ehiln lyge, xuat phat tif nhirng vi di,i thye t l , eu
LUU HCjN VO - CHI^N LUOC HOC TAP KY NANG N G H E T I £ N G . . . the, d l sinh vien ed the hieu dugc vai
trd eiia chien luge hge t i p trgng qua trlnh hpe t | p ky nang nghe.
Thir ba, k i t hgp ren luyen ehiln luge hgc tap ky nang nghe vdi viec tich luy kiln thuc, Nang lyc chiln lyge d n x l y dyng tren eg sg d u true kiln thire va nang lye ngdn ngu da ed, vl vay nhiing k i l n thire v l t u vyng, ngu phap tilng Trung Quoe eua sinh vien se giup Ieh cho viee nang eao nang luc sir dung chiln luge hgc t | p ky
nang nghe tilng Trung Qudc.
Thir t u , boi dygng nang lue t y ehO hgc t i p cho sinh vien la muc dleh chinh eiia nghien ciru chiln luge hgc t i p . Giang vien can giiip sinh vien nhan thu'c dugc y nghTa va gia trj ciia viee sir dung eae chiln luge hge tap k j nang nghe, ed the nhin nhan lai nhtrng k h l l m khuylt cda ban than, ddng thgi ed the t i l n hanh giam sat, dieu chinh va danh gia, d l ed the trg thanh ngygi "bilt hgc" t h | t s u . •
PHU LIJC
Bang dieu tra chien luge hpc tap ky nang nghe tieng Trung Qudc
CSn c& v^o tinh hinh thwc iS, ban hay khoanh trdn ehir s6 biiu thi mire do ddng y cho cac cSu ben dudi.
Ho^n to^n Hoi khong Khcng x^c Hoi dong y Hpan toSn khong dong y dcng y dinh dpng y T l
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Khi ranh roi, toi se tim tai lieu tieng Trung ma tdi thich de nghe.
Tpi se tim CO hpi de nghe tai lieu tieng Trung.
0 e nSng cao ky nang nghe, tdi xem chyong trlnh truyen hinh tieng Trung.
Tpi se CO g^ng tim each nang cao ky nang nghe lieng Trung.
T r y d e khi nghe, tci se can cir vap nhiem vu hoac chii de bai nghe de Xcic dinh xem bai nghe nay cc quan trpng hay khong.
T r y d e khi b i t dau nghe, tci se xac dinh xem dieu minh can chii y la npi dung chi tiet hay l i dai y cua bai nghe.
T r y d e khi b i t dau nghe tai lieu quan trpng, toi se t y hci minh da biet gi ve chu de nay.
Khi tOi nghe, tOi biet minh cd gap trd ngai trcng viec hieu t i i lipu nghe hay khpng.
Khi tdi g i p khd khan trong vi6c nghe, tdi se quyet dinh c6 nen xem trgng n6 hay khcng.
Neu nhy gap trd ngai trpng viec hieu, toi se nhanh chdng d y a ra quyet dinh cc nen nghe tiep hay nghe lai tir dau khcng.
Trpng luc nghe h o i c sau khi nghe, tci se kiem tra xem tdi nghe hieu d y o c bao nhieu.
Trpng luc nghe h o i c sau khi nghe, toi se sp s i n h npi dung tdi hieu vdi nhyng gi tpi biet ve chu de nay.
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T A P C Hi KHOA HOC XA HOI s6 8 (252) 2019 67
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Tci se kiem tra t p i n bp ndi dung m i tpi hieu, tim xem cp cho m i u thuan nap dp ben trpng np hay khpng.
Khi nghe, tpi se l i p lai nhu'ng gi tdi nghe d y p e .
Khi nghe, tpi se lap lai nhiing tCr h o i c cum tir ma tci c6 the hieu.
Khi khong the hieu mpt tu' hoac cum tir nao dd, tci se l i p lai chp ban t h i n t6i nghe.
Khi nghe, dS hieu toan bp npi dung, tpi se chu y nghe tirng tir mpt.
Khi khpng hieu mpt npi dung n i o dd, tpi se su' dung nhu'ng kien thirc pho thong m i tpi biet de dpan.
Khi khpng hieu nipt npi dung n i o do, toi se sii' dung nhO'ng kien thirc lien quan den chu 6b m i tdi biet de doan.
Khi khcng hieu mpt nOi dung nap do, toi se sir dung nhu'ng kien thirc vg t i i n g Trung ma tpi bigt de doan.
Khi khong hieu mgt npi dung n i o dp, tdi se sii' dung nhOng npi dung ma tpi da nghe d y o c de dpan.
Khi khpng hieu mOt ngi dung n i o do, tgi se sir dung ket cau bai nghe ma tci biet de giiip cho viec hieu bai nghe.
Khi khong hieu mgt ngi dung n i o do, toi se sii' dung mpt s6 phyong phap phan d p i n .
Khi nghe, tgi se sir dyng nhirng kien thirc pho thcng m i toi biet de d p i n noi dung ciia phan nghe tiep thep l i gi.
Khi nghe, tdi se sir dung nhtrng kien thirc lien quan den chu de nay m i 161 biSt de d o i n ngi dung cua phan nghe tiep thep la gi.
Khi nghe, tei se s y dung nhu'ng kien thirc vk t i i n g Trung m i tdi biet de doan npi dung cua phan nghe tiep thep la gi.
Khi nghe, tpi se s y dung nhyng npi dung ma toi d i nghe de dean npi dung ciia phan nghe t i i p thep la gi.
Khi nghe, toi se sir dung ket c i u b i i nghe m i toi da nghe d i doan npi dung cua phan nghe tiep theo la gi.
Khi tci suy nghT ve phan cen lai cua b i i nghe, trong dau tci cd n h i i u k i i u phan dpan khac nhau.
Tryoc khi nghe, tgi se d o i n dai y cua b i i nghe ma tei s i p phai nghe.
Khi nghe, tdi se cc g i n g suy nghi phan nci dung cdn lai cua bai nghe l i gi.
Khi nghe, d i h i i u t i t hon, tpi se dich t i i n g Trung sang t i i n g Viet Khi nghe, d i hieu tct hon, tdi se tudng t y o n g ngi dung nghe t h i n h mgt bire tranh.
Sau khi nghe xpng, tpi se s i i dung Idi npl cua minh de lap lai nci dung ma tdi da nghe.
Sau khi nghe xong, tei se tpng ket lai npi dung ma tdi da nghe.
Tei se cc gang lien hp ndi dung m i tdi da nghe vdi kinh nghiem ciia ban than.
Khi nghe, tci se eg g i n g nho nhiing each dien dat, nhiing phuong thirc mieu ta cc ich, tien chp tci sir dung.
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LUU HQN VO - C H | £ N LUOC HQC TAP KY NANG NGHE TIfeNG..
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Tdi se cc g i n g tim ra c i c van de ma tci da nghe, 3e tpi cd t h i tranh d y o c nhiing van de t y o n g t y khi sir dyng t i i n g Trung.
Khi nghe, neu gap nhCrng tCr khd h i i u , dpi d i n khi nghe xong tdi se tra tir dien.
Trong qua trinh nghe, khi gap khe khan, tdi se nhd s y trp giiip cua may vi tinh.
Khi nghe, n i u g i p v i n de, tci se nho ban b6 giiip 6&.
Khi nghe, n i u gap v i n d i , tpi se nhd n g y d i than gidp d d . Khi nghe, n i u gap van de, tpi se nhd giao vien gidp d d . Tpi nci vol minh r i n g , phai vui ve khi nghe.
Tpi ndi vdi minh r i n g , phai thpai mai khi nghe.
Khi nghe, n i u cc c h i nap dc khdng hieu, tpi khdng npi vd'i ai h i t Khi nghe, n i u gap van de, tdi se co g i n g tha lcng mInh.
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4. Qian Yu-lian l i i a ! . 2007. i'm^^llSig'r'UMtmfl. * » : tSSB'titHMaBl.
5. Ron iwankovitseh, 2001, "The Importance of Listening". Language Arts Joumal of IVIichigan. 17(2).
6. Vandergnft L. 1999. "Facilitating Second Language Listening Comprehension:
Acquiring Successful Strategies". ELT Joumal, 53(3).
7. Wang Yao-mei I i a » . 2013. *^mmg:r^.t:SiYi^l}MmiagS. * S : 1»»H'lMillg&Bl.
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9. Xu Li-hua (*BB<ts & Zhou Ying fflSl. 2016. "IMiXiS#5]Snff*»>i»<»iH«HM". mmmm wmns, s 1 iu.
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