Hgi thao khoa hpc - thyc tien T « p <h< C ^ n g sdn
PHONG, CHONG THAM NHUNG
VA PHONG, CHONG TU D I I N BIEN , TU CHUYEN HOA"
NGUYi-N D i N N P H A C H *
Tham nhung la mgt trong cdc nguyen nhdn, hiiu hipn cua "tu dUn hiin ", "tg- chuyin hda ". Mpt khi ngn tham nhiing con nghiim trgng, keo ddi thi nguy cff "tu diin hiin ", "tu- chuyen hda " cdng gia tdng. Vi vpy, phdng, chong tham nhung dugc thg-c hipn hipu qud, dong nghia viri cdng tdc phong, chdng "tu- diin biin ", "tu- chuyin hda " si dgt dugc muc tieu di ra.
Tham nhung va " t y dien bien", " t y chuyen hda"
Tham nhung Id hdnh vi vi phgm phdp ludt.
ky cuang, phep nuac. vi pham ky ludt ddng.
Id hdnh vi "tu dien bien", "lir chuyen hda".
Ludt Phdng, chdng iham nhiing ndm 2005 djnh nghTa: "Tham nhiing la hanh vi cua ngudi ed chiic vy, quyen han dd lgi dung chuc vy, quyen han dd vi vu lgi". Nhu vgy, xet ve bdn chdt, hanh vi tham nhung Id hdnh vi vi phgm phdp lugt ciia ngudi cd chiic, quyen (dgi da sd nhung ngudi ndy Id dang v ien Ddng Cgng sdn). Ddng vien, cdn bp cd chiic, quyen Id nhiing ngudi trudc het phdi lam guong cho cd xa hpi ve vipc tuan thii. thyc hipn, chap hanh nghiem chinh phdp lugt vd chi cdng, vd tu trong cdng Idc thi lgi tham nhiing, tu lgi, vi pham phap ludt va di ngugc lgi cdc cuong ITnh, dudng ldi ciia Ddng ve xay dyng ddt nude xa hgi chii nghTa. Qua Irinh ddi mdi dat nude, do Dang ta Idnh dgo, mang lgi nhiing thdnh tuu to Idn ve mpi m^l cua ddi sdng xd hgi, tuy nhien, vdi vipc xdy dyng, vgn hdnh nin kmh le thj yudng theo djnh hudng xd hpi ehii nghTa ldm phat sinh nhiing mat lieu cyc, thdch thiic ma trudc het Id ngn tham nhung ngay cang nghiem trpng, phiic tgp. Song hdnh
vdi qua trinh ddi mdi, phdt trien ciia dat nude, mpl bp phgn cdn bp, cdng chirc, dang vien "bf dien bien", "ty chuyen hda". lgi dyng chiic quyen, vy Igi cd nhdn, xdi mdn dgo diic each mgng.
Tham nhiing ddn den suy thodi dgo due, tu tuang, lap trudng chinh tri.
Sy suy thodi the hipn rd d tu tudng de cao lgi ich ca nhdn, vu lgi, ich ky, suy thodi nhan cdch ciia can bg. dang vien: khdng it cdn bg. ddng vien bj chii nghTa thyc dyi^,
"ehii nghTa ddng tien" ehi phdi. Ngay cang xudt hipn nhieu tinh trgng, khi chu truong, chinh sdch ciia Dang va Nhd nude de ra de phdi trien dat nude bj lgi dyng, bien hidng dl vy lgi ea nhdn; vipc thyc hdnh cdng vu khong vi lgi ich chung ctia xd hgi md ehu yeu de dgt dugc quyen lgi cho cdng chiic, can bp. Tham nhung dan den hp qud nghiem trgng la lang phi tran Ian: Idng phi tdi nguyen thien ohiSn (dat dai, rimg, khodng sdn,...), lang phi tai nguyen nhdn lye do tham nhiing yong cong Idc can bg, Idng phi lai chinh, ngudn v6ii,
* Uy vien Trung irong Dang, Uy vien Thudng t i ^ Chanh Van ph6ng Ban Chi d^io Trang uong \h p h o ^ chong tham nhung
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Hpi thao Idioa hpc - thyc tiin Tap chf COng s d n
lang phf CO hdi phdt y i l n cua ddt nude,...
Do giau cd bit chinh, nhanh chdng tir tham nhung (dan ta ggi dd Id "tiln chiia") nay sinh tp ngn lang phf, ldi sdng xa hoa, phd truong, hudng lac, sa dpa, bien chdl,... tiong mpt bp phdn cdn bd, ddng vien, ke cd cdn bp cao cap cua Dang, Nha nude.
Tir do, cd quan diem xa Ig vdi ly ludng cgng sdn, quen di trdch nhiem. bdn phgn trudc Dang, yude nhdn dan: ky cuong, ky lugt khdng nghiem.
Tham nhiing vd "Igi ich nhdm "
Tham nhiing thudng gan hen vdi "Igi ich nhdm", "be phdi, cyc bg" la cac hien tugng lieu cyc da dugc ddng chi Tdng Bf Ihu Nguyen Phu Trgng phe phan. Vi "lgi fch nhdm", mdt bd phan cdn bd, ddng vien ciing cau kel de bao ve quyen Igi, trye lgi cho rieng minh, ciing tham nhiing va bao che cho nhau hong hdnh vi tham nhiing. Lgi ich nhdm ldm cho hanh vi tham nhung sdu sac va tinh vi hon nhieu (vf du, can thiep vdo vipc xdy dyng chinh sdch, dudng ldi nhdm dinh hudng, tgo dieu kipn cho co hdi Iham nhiing sau ndy).
Lgi fch nhdm gia tdng ddng nghTa vdi viec gia lang mat dodn ket, dd ky, ghen ghet, be phdi yong Dang. Day la mdt trong nhiing hinh thirc "ty dien bien" eye ky nguy hiem. Theo quy Iuat xa hdi chung, mpt khi ton tgi "lgi ich nhom" thi khdng cd gi bdo dam cho vipe duy tri tuong quan mong manh giua "cdc nhdm",
"cac phdi"; ludn tdn tgi nguy co biing nd tranh gidnh "lgi ich nhdm". Han the niia, nguy co ndy ral de bi cdc the lyc thii djch, chdng d6i Ddng, Nhd nude lgi dung gdy chia re trong Dang, phd hogi Ddng. Trong Di chiic ciia minh, Chu lich Hd Chi Minh da cdn dan Dang ta phdi giu gin sy doan ket trong Ddng nhu giii gin "con nguai ciia mdt minh". Dieu day cua Hd Chu tjch hon 40 nam trudc, ngdy nay vdn con nguyen gid tn vd dang Id v i n d l dugc Dang ta dat len hdng d i u cdn giai quyll, md nguyen nhdn tii ngn tham nhung.
Tham nhiing co yeu td nuac ngodi Qud trinh hpi nhap mpi mdi ddi song xa hpi vdi the gidi, trong dd cd hpi nhap kinh ll, qudc te hda thuong mgi d Vipt Nam la dilu kien dc phat sinh cdc hdnh vi tham nhung cd yeu Id nude ngoai, cdc hanh vi nay cd xu hudng ngdy cdng gia tang va tinh vi, phiic tgp. Can bg, dang vien vi vy lgi, tgo dilu kien cho doanh nghiep cd ddu tu nude ngoai dugc nhgn cac dieu kipn kinh doanh de dai, duge su dyng cac ngudn tdi nguyen cua dit nude vdi gid thdp hon nhieu so vdi gid trj thyc; cd doanh nghiep nude ngodi dugc su dung ldm binh phong de hgp thiic hda, "rira"
lien vd tai san cd dugc qua eon dudng tham nhiing; mgt lugng ldn tien vd tai sdn tham nhiing dugc chuyen ra nude ngoai. Tir do, ldm gidm kha nang canh tranh, phdt trien ciia cae doanh nghiep trong nude, nay sinh va gia tdng su le thupc ciia mdt bd phan can bd, ddng vien tham nhung vdo cdc to chiic, cd nhdn nude ngodi. Ngodi ra, lugng lien va tdi san tir tham nhung dugc chuyen ra nude ngoai trong bat ky thdi diem nao cung cd khd ndng hi chinh quyen nude ngodi phong tda, tich thu, ddng nghTa vdi viec tdi sdn qude gia bi mat di (thyc te dieu nay da xay ra vdi mdt vai nude Trung Ddng trong nhiing nam gan day).
Tham nhiing trdm trong, keo ddi se ddn din gia tdng khodng cdch gidu - ngheo, gia tdng buc xuc trong xd hgi
Sy suy thoai ve dao diic, loi sdng ciia mdt bg phdn cdn bg, ddng vien the hipn d biic yanh ydi chieu hong cupc song xa hdi: yong khi nhiiu ngudi ngheo phai chat vat vdi cupc song thuong ngay, thudng xuyen phdi gdnh chju hgu qua ciia thien tai, djch bpnh thi lgi cd bp phan nhd qua gidu, sdng pho truong, trudng gia, lai-cdng, sa dga nhu noi d hen.
Tinh ygng phdn hda gidu - ngheo nay ngay cdng ldn, ciing vdi su phdn lang giai cip yong xa hdi, nhihig biic xiic hong quan he giiia
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Hpi thao khoa hpc - thyc tien T a p chf COng sdn
cdc CO quan nhd nude vdi ngudi dan, doanh nghipp vd nhiing mau thuan trong npi bp do lgi ich nhdm dugc tich ty tu Idu chua dugc giai quyel,... gay nen nhiing bat binh giua nhdn dan vdi nigl bp phgn can bp, ddng vien vd chinh quyen; ldm xdi mdn Idng lin ciia nhan dan doi \ di Dang vd vdi che dp.
Nhu vgy, linh trgng tham nhung phd bien, nghiem trpng, k^o ddi. mpl nifil. thiie ddy nguy CO "ty dien bien" trong Dang; mdt khdc. idm gia tdng biic xiie xd hpi, gidm sul niem tin ciia nguiri ddn ddi vdi Ddng vd Nhd nude, Id mdi dc dpa doi vdi sy ton vong ciia I );iiig. ciia che dp.
Nhi^m vu trpng tam trong cong t^c phong, chong tham nhung thdi gian tdi Trong ndm 2011 vd ddu ndm 2012, Ihyc hipn nhiem vy do Bd Chinh Iri giao, Ban Chi dgo Trung uong vc phdng, chdng tham nhung dd hoan thanh De dn so ket 5 nam thyc hien Nghj quyet Hdi nghj Trung uong 3 khda X, ve tdng eudng sy Idnh dao eiia Dang ddi vdi edng tac phdng, chdng tham nhung, Idng phi.
Tai Hdi Nghj Trang uong 5 khda XI, Trang uong Ddng da nghe bdo cdo va ddng thugn vdi nhdn dinh: Sau 5 ndm thyc hipn Nghj quyel Hpi nghi Trang uong 3 khda X, da cd nhiing chuyen bien tich eye cd ve nhgn thiic vd hdnh dgng yong phdng, chdng tham nhung, Idng phf. Cdng tdc phdng, chdng Iham nhung, Idng phi da dat dugc nhiing ket qua budc ddu. Tren mpt sd ITnh vyc, tham nhiing, lang phi dd timg budc dugc kiem che.
Tuy nhien, cdng tac phdng, chdng tham nhung, Idng phf trong nhung nam qua vdn chua dgt yeu cau vd myc lieu de ra la ngdn chgn, timg budc day liii tham nhung, lang phf... Tham nhung, lang phi van cdn nghiem trpng, vdi nhiing bieu hipn linh vi, phiic Igp, xdy ra tren nhieu ITnh vyc, nhieu cip, nhiiu nganh, gay hire xuc Irong xd hgi. Id thdch thiie Idn ddi vdi sy Idnh dgo ciia Dang va qudn ly ciia Nhd nude.
Thyc hipn Kit lugn Hgi nghj Trung uong 5 khda XI, cin liep tyc thyc hipn Nghj quyit llpi nghj Trung uong 3 khda X ve tdng eudng sy Idnh dgo cua Ddng ddi vdi cdng tac phdng, chdng tham nhung, Idng phi, gin vdi qudn Iript, thyc hipn cd hipu qud chu traong, giai phdp phdng, chdng tham nhiing, Idng phi dupe xdc djnh trong Nghj quyet Dgi hgi XI ciia Dang va Nghj quyll Hpi nghj Trung uong 4 khda XI "Mpl sd vdn de cdp bdch ve xay dyng Dang hipn nay", Irong dd tap tnmg Ihyc hipn mpl sd nhipm vy, gidi phap ygng lam sau day:
- Ndng cao vai hd, trdch nhiem cua cac cap iiy, td chuc dang, chinh quyen, ngirdi diing dau CO quan, td chuc, don vj trong Irong phdng. chdng tham nhung, tdng phi:
- Tiep tyc hoan thipn the che ve qudn ly kinh tc - xd hpi de phdng. chdng tham nhiing, Idng phi;
- Tiep tyc hoan ihien vd thyc hipn nghiem CO che, ehinh sdch ve edng tac td chiic, can bp phyc vy phdng, chdng tham nhiing. lang phi;
- Tiep tyc hoan thipn the che va tdng cuimg cdng tdc kiem tra, thanh tra, kiem todn, dieu tra, tray td, xet xir de nang cao hipu qua cong tdc phdng, ehdng Iham nhung, Idng phi;
- Tdng eudng vai yd gidm sat ciia co quan dan cir vd nhdn dan hong phdng, chdng tham nhung, lang phf;
- Ddi mdi, nang cao ndng lyc ciia co quan lanh dgo, chi dgo va co quan thudng hue, tham muu ve edng tde phdng, ehdng tham nhung, Idng phi.
Phdng, chdng tham nhiing, Idng phi la cdng vipc khd khdn, phuc tgp, la nhipm vy quan trgng, thudng xuyen cua Dang, Nha nude va nhan ddn la yong sy nghiep xdy dyng va bdo vp Td qudc. Vdi vipc thyc hipn ddng bp nhihig chii traong, giai phap yong edng tac phdng, chdng tham nhtlng, lang phi, chung ta can ddng Ihdi tien hanh cdng lac phdng, chdng "ty dien bien", "ty chuyen hda".[il
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