CO CHE PHOI HQfP CHINH SACH 6 TAY NAM BO

CO CHE PHOI HQfP CHINH SACH 6 TAY NAM BO - THlTC TRANG VA PHlTONG HirdNG HOAN THIEN**^

Bui Viet Ciroug Le Thi Thu Hmrag Tom tdt: Bdi viit xem xet vd ddnh gid mdi quan he tuong tdc giira qud trinh phdn cdp qudn ly giira chinh quyen Trung uang vd cdp tinh d Viet Nam. vd cdc co chi phoi hgp chinh sdch ciia cdc tinh viing Toy Nam bg.

Nhin chung, viicphdn cap qud mirc nhimg khong di kem voi su kiim sodt cdn thiit dd ddn din suphdn manh nin kinh ti vikng theo dia giai hdnh chinh cap tinh. Diiu do lam ndy sinh nhu cdu phdi hgp chinh sdch di xi ly cdc vdn de chung. Tuy nhien. cdc eo ehi phdi hpp hien nay thieu hieu qud vd hi^u luc thuc thi do khong dam bdo dugc vdn di igi ich Tir cdc nhdn dinh neu trin, nhom tdc gtd dua ra mot so phuang hudng nhdm hodn thi^n cdc co chi phii hgp chinh sdch o Tay Nam bg. trin nin tdng xir ly moi quan he lai ich giiia cdc tinh vd viec doi moi phdn cdp qudn ly nhd nuac.

TO- khda: Ca che phoi hgp chinh sdch vung; phdn cdp qudn ly; Tdy Nam bp.

Dat van de

Trong nhirng nam gan day, cac uu tian trong cai each tha cha phat trien d tam qudc ta ndi chung, Viet Nam noi riang tap trung vao hai khia canh chinh. Thir nhdt la cai each sau rgng hong chiic nang cac cap chinh quyen. Theo do, viec can thiep trye tiap vao qua hinh phat trien cua chinh quyan giam dan ca ve pham vi va mirc do. Quan tri nha nude chuyen tir each tiep can tir han xudng, mang tinh thii bac va chii trgng dau vao; sang each tiep can tir dudi lan, phi tap trung hda va quan tam dan dau ra. Thii hai la tang cudng vai trd cua cac cap chinh quyan dia phuang trong hoach dinh chinh sach phat trien. Xu hudng nay nhdn manh den nhu cau thyc tian d cac dja phuang, va nhu cau dd phai do chinh cap dia phuong nhan biet, xac dinh va giai quyet.

Di kem cac qua trinh neu tran la viec tang cudng phan cap va iiy quyen, gdm ca cac mdi quan

' Bai viet duoc thyc hi$n fi-ong khuon kho D6 tai cdp nha nuoc "Tong ket 30 nam ddi mdi vd phdt men vung Tdy Nam bo tren quan diem phdt trim ben viing" (Ma s6 TNB.DT/14-19/X09) thuoc Chuong trinh KH&CN cip Quoc gia "Khoa hoc vd cong nghe phuc vu phdt trien bin virng vung Tdy Nam bp ".

he cap tren - cdp dudi va nha nude - thi trudng - xa hdi dan su. Tuy nhien, viec phan cap va uy quySn ciing diing trudc cac rui ro trong viec t^o ra sy biet lap, cat khiic va thidu kit ndi giiia cac vung va dia phuang. Do dd, nhieu dia phuong ciing phai xay dung cac co che phdi hgp chinh sach nham giai quyet cac bai toan chung, ddng thdi khac phuc cac nguy CO tiem an de dga qua trinh phat trian. Dieu nay xuat phat tir nhihig thyc te sau:

(1) Xet tran khia canh kinh tl, hdi nhap sau rgng hon mang lai nhilu ca hdi nhung ciing khong it thach thiic ddi vdi cac chu thi. Canh tianh khoe liet hon, tinh bat tiac ciia cac qua trinh kinh tl tang tham do bi anh hudng nhiau ban bdi cac cu s6c ngoai sinh. Tii dd, cac chinh quyan dia phuong cung phat sinh nhu cau phdi hgp nham dua ra cac dinh hudng tdng tha hong viec thu hiit va phan bo cac ngudn lyc, xay dyng co sd ha tdng, hd tt(; nhau trong quan ly va diau hanh nan kinh tl, giai quyel cac tranh chip phat sinh.

(2) Cac qua trinh kinh te diln ra ngay cang da dang va phiic tap se keo theo rkt nhilu vln dl w hdi nay sinh, dian hinh la ngheo ddi, viec lam, &

cu, tdi pham va bian ddi cau true xa hdi tniyHi thdng. Day la nhiing vln d l Idn, cd quan ha phiic tap va do vay thudng vugt qua tkm kilm soat da

48 PHAT T R I E N B £ N V O N G V O N G QUYfiN 8, s o 1 (3/2018'

Bui Viet Ciromg - Le Thj Thu HtWDg Ca che phoi hop chinh s&ch—

chii tha quan ly dia phuong va vung. Chinh vi thi, de xii ly nhung vin dl xa hdi tieu eye phat sinh, can sy hgp tac giira cac chinh quyln, ciing nhu giiia chinh quyan vdi ca nhan va cac td chiic kinh te - xa hdi khac.

(3) Trong giai doan hien nay, song hanh vdi cac hoat dgng kinh te - xa hgi ludn la cac van d l mdi trudng. Do dac tinh khdng phan chia, tinh khdng tha thay the va da chiic nang ciia cac qua trinh ty nhian, cac van de mdi trudng ludn diln bian hat sue phirc tap va cd tac ddng lan tda hdn pham vi rgng va thdi gian dai. Do dd, nd lyc tu phia mdt chii the nham giai quyet chiing la khdng dli. Vi vay, de khai thac, sii dyng va bao tdn cac lo^ tai nguyen cung nhu xir ly cac van da mdi trudng, can sy hgp tac tir nhieu phia, trong do hgp tac giiia cac chinh quyen dia phuang cd y nghTa quan hgng hang dau.

Bai viat nay xem xet mdi quan he tuong tac giiia hai qua trinh nau tran: (I) Phan cap manh hon giiia chmh quyan Trung uong va cap tinh d Viet Nam, dac biet han khia c ^ quan ly kinh ta, lam cho cac tinh ty chu hon nhung cung dan tdi sy biet lap xet trong tuong quan va vung; va (2) Sy binh thanh cac co cha phdi hgp chinh sach cua cac tinh vimg Tay Nam bd - mdt trong nhiing vimg di dau ve cac sang kien ket ndi lien tinh - nham khac phuc sy phan manh va giai quyet nhiing mdi quan tam chung. Tren ca sd dd, bai viet dua ra mdt sd phuang hudng hoan thien cac co che phdi hgp chinh sach d Tay Nam bd, nham nang cao hieu qua va hieu lyc cua chiing.

1. Su gia tang phan cap va uy quyen quan ly giCra Trung irong va cSp tinh

Tir sau Ddi mdi, vdi viec tung budc go bd co che ke hoach hda tap trung dan tdi doanh nghiep ' va ngudi dan dugc tu do hon hong kinh doanh, cac hoat ddng kinh ta trd nan sdi ndi va sdng dgng hon, each thiic lap ke hoach tu mdt trung tam duy nhat khdng cdn. Tran co sd dd, cac chinh quyan dia .phuong bat dau dugc phan d p nhieu quyen hon . trong hoach dinh chinh sach. Tir cudi nhimg nam . 1980, chinh quyan cap tinh hong ca nude dugc giao quyan quyet dinh ve ke hoach phat trien kinh ta, va sau dd dugc giao nhieu trach nhiem ban trong viec dieu phdi, phan bd ngan sach va hoan

thien kl hoach phat trian kinh t l d dia phuang minh. Cac co quan trung uong chi cung cap dinh hudng phat triln chung va gidi ban ve ngan sach;

va tdng hgp ka hoach chi tiet do cac co quan lap ka hoach tinh xay dyng. Nhu vay, quy trinh lap ka hoach da bdt tinh chat tir han xudng ban nhieu so vdi horde (Worid Bank, 2009; VCCI va IDS, 2012).

Nhirng nam tiep sau dd, qua trinh cai each hanh chinh, di kem vdi gia tang phan cap quan ly nha nude, dien ra manh me. Phan cap tham quyen, trach nhiem va di kem la nhiem vu giiia Chinh phu va chinh quyen tinh han cac linh vyc chu yeu nhu quan ly quy hoach, ka hoach, dau tu phat trien, ngan sach nha nude, dat dai, tai nguyan, doanh nghiep nha nude, dich vy cdng, td chuc bd may,...

dugc tang cudng. Viec phan cap quan ly nay ve quy dinh phai dam bao ba nguyen tac: (1) Quyan quyet dinh cua Trung uong ddi vdi mdt sd nganh, Imh vyc then chdt, cd y nghTa chien luge, bao dam sy phat trien can ddi cua toan bg nen kinh te; (2) Quyen chii dgng cua cac tinh, tharih trong viec thuc hi?n chuc trach quan ly kinh ta - xa hgi tran dia ban lanh thd; va (3) Quyen ty chu san xuat - kinh doanh ciia doanh nghiep.

Cac nguyen tac neu tran tran thuc ta bi chi phdi bdi hai nguyen tfic quan hgng khac: (1) Tiap can

"tir tran xudng" - nhiing gi cap tian khdng can nam se dua xudng cho cap dudi thuc hien, ngugc vdi nguyen tic phd bien la nhiing gi d p dudi khdng lam dugc thi cap tren phai dam nhan (tir dudi len);

va (2) Phan cap theo quy md, hay la "nam to, budng nhd", dac biet trong van de quan ly dau tu;

mac dli, quy md dau tu khdng phai luc nao ciing tuong ling vdi tinh chat va miic do anh hudng ciia dy an dau tu, dac biet tran khia canh xa hdi va mdi tiiidng (Vu Thanh Tu Anh, 2012).

Viec phan cap va hao quyan Idn hon cho cac chinh quyen tinh da phan nao mang lai nhieu Igi ich. Mdt mat, nd thiic day sy ty chu, nang ddng, sang tao va dam chiu tiach nhiem hon cua cac chinh quyan va doanh nghiep. Mat khac, giiia cac dja phuang cd sire ep canh tranh manh me ban trong cai each thii tuc va thu hiit ngudn lyc, qua dd cai thien mdi trudng kinh doanh va thuc day phat trien kinh te - xa hdi.

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LY L U A N - T R A O €)C)|

Tuy nhien, sau mdt thdi gian thuc hien cac nguyan tSc phan cap da gay ra nhiau nhieu han che va bat hgp ly. Nghi quylt 08/2004/NQ-CP' danh gia qua trinh ddi mdi phan cap quan ly nha nude giiia Chinh phii va chinh quyln dia phuong cac cap chua dap ling dugc nhiing muc tiau dat ra: (I) Chua bao dam quan ly thdng nhat dan tdi phan tan, cue bg; chua chu trgng viec thanh tra, kiam tra ddi vdi nhiing viec da phan cap cho dia phuang; (2) Chua phan dinh rd rang, cu thi nhiem vu, thlm quyan, trach nhiem cua mdi cap chinh quyln va ca nhan tiong viec thyc hien chiic nang quan ly nha nude, td chiic cung cap dich vy cdng, dai dien chii sd hiru ddi vdi cac td chiic kinh t l nha nude va tai san nha nude; (3) Chua bao dam tuong ling cac diau kien can thiet de thuc hien, cdn thieu sy an khdp, ddng bd giiia cac nganh, cac ITnh vuc cd lien quan; chua tao diau kien thuc t l cho dia phuang chu ddng can ddi cac ngudn lyc va cac nhu cau cy the cua minh; va (4) Mdt sd ndi dung phan cap da dugc phap luat quy dinh nhung cham dugc trien khai; nhiSu quy dinh phan cap chua phu hgp vdi thyc tiln cua mdi khu vyc, viing lanh thd, giiia do thi va ndng thdn.

Mdt vi dy va chay theo Igi ich cue bg dia phuang la viec cac tinh ty dua ra cac quy dinh ve uu dai thu hiit dau tu nude ngoai (FDI) vugt ra ngoai cac khudn khd san cd cua Trung uong, chu yeu ve thul va thua dlt. Nham theo dudi cac myc tiau tang trudng nhanh va bii dap thieu hyt ngan sach, 32/64 tinh, thanh da ban hanh tham cac quy dinh uu dai dac biet ddi vdi cac du an dlu tu.

Trong sd 32 tinh hen; 18 tinh vi pham cac quy dinh ve ngan sach, 21 tinh dua ra nhirng uu dai vl dat dai nam ngoai nhirng quy dinh cua chinh sach chung; 11 tinh vi pham quy dinh ve thue thu nhap doanh nghiep; va nhilu tinh cd nhieu hem 2 vi pham. HIU hit cac tinh dua ra cac khuyan khich rlt hao phdng va phi su dyng dlt va md rgng thdi ky miln giam thul lan tdi 1 0 - 2 0 nam (Vu Thanh Tu Anh va cdng su, 2007). Cac quy dinh nay dugc xem la "xe rao" vi hai luat; do dd Thii tudng Chinh

phii phai ban hanh Quylt dinh 1387/2005/QD- TTg^ dinh chi viec thi hanh, va yeu cau cac tinh, thanh ra soat^

Mac du dua ra nhilu mi dai nhu vgy, nhung kit qua thu hiit vdn FDI cua cac tinh xe rao rdt ngheo nan, khdng dat dugc myc tieu, tham chi cdn gay them ganh nang cho ngan sach. Sd di nhu viiy la vi cac nha dau tu FDI quan tam dan cac ylu td gin thi trudng, CO sd ha tang va ngudn nhan lyc tdt, hon la thua va phi thap. Ngoai ra, hien tugng nau han con tao ra canh tranh khdng lanh manh giiia cac dia phuang, va cac tinh dd cung nhau tham gia "CUQC dua xudng day" (Vu Tharih Ty Anh va cgng sy, 2007).

Din nay, viec phan cap chua hgp ly van tilp tuc tao ganh nang va khd khan cho cac dia phuong hong thyc thi nhiem vu; tao nhiau mau thuan Igi ich; khd giam sat; ddng thdi khdng khuyen khich sy tham gia cua thi trudng va xa hdi dan sy:

(I) Phan cap cho cac tinh, thanh phd do chua tinh toan dan cac ngudn lyc cua tung dia phucmg.

Nhiau loai ke hoach, dy an phat trian ciia dja phuang da ra nhung khdng thyc hien dugc do thieu ngudn lyc can thiet. Viec cd mgt co che phan cap chung danh cho hau het cac tinh, khdng tinh den su khac nhau ve quy md, thu ngan sach, nang luc chinh quyan la khdng phu hgp. Mgt h? thdng phan cap hieu qua can cd su dilu chinh Imh boat vdi nang lyc timg dia phucmg, di ddi vdi sy cdng khai va minh bach (Vu Thanh Ty Anh, 2012)^

Nghi quyet 08/2004/NQ-CP cua Chinh phii ngay 30/6/2004 ciia Chinh phu ve tiep tuc day manh phan dp quan ly nha nircrc giua Chinh phii va chinh quy^n tinh, thanh ph6 true thuoc Trung irong.

Quyet dinh 1387/2005/QD-TTg ciia Thu tuong Chinh phii ngay 29 thang 12 nam 2005 vg Xir ly cac quy dinh vS uu dai, khuyen khich dku tu trai phap lu5t do Uy ban nhan dSn cac tinh, thanh ph6 true thupc Trung uong ban hanh.

•* Mac du h^n nop bao cao cua ca 54 tinh, thanh la ngay 01/3/2006, nhimg cho toi ngay 14/3/2006 moi c6 14 linh nop, trong do chi co 4 tinh thua nhan co vi pham. Tiep do Chinh phii yeu cau han npp b^o cao d6i vdi cac tinh, ihkih con lai vao ngay 15/4/2006, nhung cho tcri ngay 02/8 ciing nam van con 22 tinh chua nop va nhiSu tinh chi bao do chung chung, chilu le (Vu Thanh Tu Anh, 2012).

•* Ve van d6 nay CIEM (2010) co y kiln khac, khi cho r5ng trong viec thieu co che giam sat vii tieu chi ddnh gi4 tir Trung uong, nen din din tinh trang phan bo va su dyng nguon luc kem hieu qua. Sau do, nhimg no luc c4i each ve

50 P H A T T R I ^ N B S N V C T N G V O N G Q U Y £ N 8, s o 1 (3/2018)

Bui Vi^t Cirfmg - Le Thi Thu Hinmg Cu che phoi hyp chinh s^ch...

(2) Viec mat kiem soat tir phia hen ciing gay nen tinh trang hoat dgng kem hieu qua cua nan kinh ta, khdng chi vdi cac ke hoach chdng cheo, lang phi, ma cdn chia cat cac tinh thanh nhilu nen kinh te biet lap. Do vay, kinh ta viing chua binb thanh bang sy ket ndi hiiu co, hgp tac va bd sung lln nhau giira cac dia phuang dya hen Igi the so sanh vimg ndi chimg va cua tiing dia phuang ndi riang. Phan cap quan ly khdng ro rang giiia Trung uong va dia phuong, dan dan phan manh quyen lyc va chdng lan vl thlm quyln (Nguyen Quang Thai, 2010; World Bank va MPI, 2016).

(3) Tinh cue bg dia phuang, tu duy nhiem ky cua lanh dao trong nhilu trudng hgp, pha bd hoac vi pham cac khudn khd phan cap, khdng cd su phdi hgp vi Igi ich tdng tha, khdng tinh tdi hoac lam tdn hai Igi ich chung ciia ciia viing hay ciia dia phuong khac (World Bank, 2009; VCCI va IDS, 2012).

Cac quy hoach vimg va dia phuang mau thuan, chdng cheo, biet lap vdi nhau va tach rdi vdi cac loai quy hoach khac.

(4) Sy phdi hgp giiia cac Bd, nganh vdi dia phuang tren thyc te nhieu khi chi la hinh thiic.

Bieu hien rd net nhat ciia sy chia cat the che la sy phdi hgp Idng leo, tham chi cd tinh hang van hanh ngugc nhau tiong diau hanh chirih sach phat tnan (CIEM, 2010; Uy ban Kinh tl QuIc hgi, 2012).

Hieu luc diau phdi cua cac ban chi dao vimg hay ban, td diau phdi vimg khdng dang ke do khdng bam sat va hiau biet ve tinh hinh thyc tien, ciing nhu thieu co che va ngudn lyc thyc hien.

(5) Tinh minh bach va trach nhiem giai trinh khdng cao, thieu su tham gia cua doanh nghiep va ngudi dan trong viec giam sat va phan bien xa hgi.

Md rgng phan cap khdng di kem vdi cac rang budc tir dudi len thdng qua qua trinh dan chii hda, dac biet d cac cap tran co sd.

2. Cac cff che phdi hop chinh sach giira cac tinh trong viing Tay Nam bg

Nhan thiic dugc tam quan trgng cua viec phdi hgp chinh sach nham giai quyat cac bai toan chung, phat huy Igi the mdi dja phuang va tan phan c4p da dan ten viec thirc hien cac quy dinh phap luat khong thing nhat va dira ra cac yeu cau khac nhau giua cac tinh, dac biet ve van de cap ph6p dau tu va quan ly dat dai.

dyng tac ddng lan tda phat trien ciia cac trung tam Idn, tu nhieu nam trudc, cac tinh d Tay Nam bg da cd ky ket cac thda thuan hgp tac song phuong va da phuong. Cac chuang trinh hgp tac phat trian kiiib t l - xa hdi nhu vay khdng chi gidi han d cac tinh lan can hay trong pham vi khdng gian viing truyen thdng, ma en vuon xa tdi nhiau vung khac . 13 tinh d Tay Nam bg vua ky ket tap tha vdi thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, vira cd nhiing hgp tac chinh sach song phuong va ky ket vdi nhieu tinh thanh khac hen ca nude, dac biet la Ha Ndi.

Muc tiau ciia cac chuang trinh hgp tac nhu tran thudng dugc xac dinh tuong ddi tdng quat, hudng tdi viec cung cd, tang cudng, nang tam cac mdi lian kat toan dien han cac linh vyc kinh te - xa hdi, mdi trucmg de khai thac tiem nang tha manh cua tiing dia phuang va viing; trong ngan han tap trung vao cac ITnh vyc mang tinh thiet thyc, kha thi. Tren ca sd dd, cac thda thuan nham vao viec tiat kiem cac ngudn lyc khan hiem; tan dyng Igi tha ciia cac dia phuang phat trian; diau chinh linh boat cac chinh sach; tang kha nang canh hanh chung; giam rui ro thdng qua su chia se hach nhiem va giai quyet xung dot.

Cac nguyan tac de ra trong cac thda thuan chii yau dya tran tinh tu nguyen, keu ggi y thirc chinh tri, nhung khdng dya tren quyen Igi va hach nhiem cu the. Vi du nhu viec hgp tac giiia thanh phd Hd Chi Minh va cac tinh Tay Nam bd dua tran cac nguyan tac: (I) Hgp tac toan dien ve kinh te - xa hdi la nhiem vu chinh tri, chian luge lau dai nham phat huy Igi the cua hai dia phuang, dap img xu tha phat trien va hgi nhap; (2) Hgp tac theo nguyen tac binh dang, hai ben ciing cd Igi; (3) Hop tac tran tinh than ty nguyen cua cac td chiic, doanh nghiep, cd budc dl thich hgp tir thap dan cao, theo timg giai doan cu the; va (4) Lanh dao chi dua ra nhiing dinh hudng, ndi dung Idn, cd tac ddng quan trgng den phat trien kinh te - xa hdi ciia hai dia phuong.

Cac doanh nghiep, Sd nganh xac dinh nhiing ndi dung cu the tren co sd dam bao hieu qua kinh ta - xa hdi va hai ben cimg cd Igi (UBND thanh phd Ho Chi Minh, 2011, 2013).

Cac ndi dung hgp tac, do do, cd pham vi rat Idn, bao triim hau hat cac ITnh vuc va gan nhu tuong ty nhau, nhat la giua cac tinh lan can: (1)

PHAT T R | £ N B E N V O N G V U N G Q U Y ^ N 8, s o 1 (3/2018)

L t LUAN - TRAP D6t

Phan bd lai lyc lugng san xult, dieu chinh quy hoach phat triln phii hgp vdi thi manh cua tung dia phuang; (2) Xay dung dong bd ha ting giao thdng lien tinh va qudc tl; (3) Xay dyng khdng gian kinh tl du lich vimg thing nhat; (4) Md rgng dao tao va phat trian ngudn nhan luc; (5) Huy ddng vdn dau tu va xay dyng chinh sach da dau tu phat trien chung; (6) Xiic tien dau tu, thuong mai va du lich; phat trien va quang ba van hda; (7) Cai thien mdi trudng kinh doanh va dau tu, nang cao nang lyc canh hanh; (8) Xay dyng he thdng thdng tin va trao ddi thdng tin kinh te - xa hdi; (9) Hgp tac bao ve mdi trudng, umg phd vdi thian tai, bien ddi khi hau va bao ve chu quyen bien dao; va (10) Ciing kian nghi vdi cap cao hon ve cac chinh sach phat trien cho viing^.

Cac thda thuan va chuang trinh neu tran cd tac dOng tdt hen mgt sd khia canh: (1) Khac phyc phan nao tinh khep kin, biet lap tiong hoach dinh va thyc thi chinh sach giiia cac tinh; (2) Gdp phan kat ndi h$ thdng co sd ha tang, mang ludi doanh nghiep va cac td chiic xa hdi; (3) Tao sy lan tda cac kinh nghiem tdt hong quan ly, dieu hanh theo hudng than thien hem vdi thi trudng va dan cu; (4) Gdp phan giai quyet cac xung dot hong thu hiit dau tu, dia gidi, xu ly mdi trudng va nhieu vkn d l xa hgi khac; (5) Hd tig hong dao tao va phat trien ngudn nhan lyc; va (6) Cd cac nd luc tap thi trong viec de xuat chinh sach ddi vdi tiau vung, viing va nan vung.

Mac dli vay, cac thda thuiin nau tien ciing bdc Id nhieu khiam khuyat:

(1) Cac thda thuan hgp tac, lien ket giiia cac dia phuang cdn mang tinh hinh thiic, hanh chinh, chu quan, ma chua cd sy phdi hgp thyc chit do thiau cac CO che hieu qua de tao sy lian kit va co sd phap ly da thyc hien. Cac chuang tiinh hgp tac chua mang tinh lian tuc, khdng diing tiln do de dap ling nhu cau biic xiic ciia dia phuang. Ngoai ra, viec so kat kit qua thyc hien, nit kinh nghiem, dilu chinh ngi dung hgp tac khdng dugc td chiic mang tinh thudng xuyan, dinh ky. Nhilu ndi dung da ky kit hgp tac khdng dugc triln khai tran thyc tl

(UBND thanh phd Hd Chi Mmh, 2013; UBND Bac Liau, 2013).

(2) Viec lien ket, phdi hgp tiong cac quy ho^ch khdng mang lai nhiau kat qua, dan dan vi?c thiia nang lyc san xuat, dau tu dan trai, trimg lap tai cic dia phuang. Dilu nay the hi?n ro nhlt d vi?c cac dy an va cac khoan dau tu vao ca sd ha ting nhir dudng sa, san bay, bin cang, trudng hgc,... trimg lap, lang phi va khdng cd tinh khdp ndi. Hi?n hgng nay cung din tdi sy liing hing va khdng hi?u qua trong giai quyet cac bai toan xa hgi nhu di cu hay cac bai toan mdi trudng chung nhu biln ddi khi hau, d nhiem mdi trudng va bao ve tai nguyan. Vl CO ban, cac dia phuong cd thda thuan tham van lln nhau ve quy hoach va chiinhs sach phat triln; tuy nhien vua do thdi gian giii xin y kien ngan, vua do cac dia phuang e ngai ddng cham Igi ich eye bg cua nhau nen cac gdp y khdng mang tinh thuc chit, trii khi cd sy dyng cham trye tiap Igi ich cua minh,

(3) Cac dia phuang trong cung mgt viing dlu xac dinh cac Igi the tuong ty, va cho rang dd la the manh ddc tdn ciia minh; tir dd, khdng cd cac phii hgp chinh sach Hen quan. Dieu nay dan dan sv phat trien theo hang ngang, khdng cd trgng tam, trgng dilm, canh hanh thu hiit dlu tu va tiiet tieu Igi the cua nhau.

(4) Trong nhiau trudng hgp, cac co quan quan ly dia phuong lam thay chiic nang cua thi truong va lan at xa hdi dan su khi cd gang tao ra cac lien ket gugng ep, it quan tam din Igi ich cac bSn, khdng thu hiit dugc nhiau sy tham gia cua doanh nghiep va do dd kem hieu qua (FETP, 2015)^

' Bien b^n ky ket hgp tac giua thanh phi H6 Chi Minh voi 13 linh Dong bang song Cim Long.

* Theo UBND thanh ph6 H 6 Chi Minh (2013), nhu la kit quS cua cac chuong trinh hgp tac, trong giai do?n 2001-2013 cac doanh nghiep cua thanh pho H6 Chi Minh da tham gia dau tu cr 23 khu cong nghiep va 1.001 d\ran oTayNambg thugc nhieu linh vuc nhu nong nghiep, cong nghifp, b? t ^ giao thdng, do thi, du lich, djch vu voi ting s i vln dang ^ gan 264.000 ty (J6ng. Tuy nhien, thii nhSt day co thi chi Is cac khoan dau tu mang tinh thi trucmg, nghia la khong d nhieu lien he vdi cac thoa thuan hgp tdc; thii hai, con si n^

CO the bi phong dai, khong thirc chat, do gSp toi 60 ISn tong dau tir phat triln ciia toan bg 13 tinhTayNambO trongnilin 2010, va 5 Ian long dSu tir phat trien ciia ca nuoc trong nam 2010 (FETP, 2015)

52 PHAT T R I E N B E N VLJNG V O N G QUYtN 8, SO 1 (3/2016)

Bili Vigt Cirfmg - LE Thj Thu Hinnig Co* chi phii hyp chinh sach...

(5) Viec xay dyng he thing co sd dii liau thdng tin kinh te - xa hdi - mdi tiiidng lien tinh, lian vimg khdng thyc hien dugc do khdng cd td chiic cd du nang lyc va tai chinh dam nhan viec thu thap, kit ndi va xii ly.

(6) Khdng xSy dyng dugc cac quy tai chinh dau tu chung do thiau nang lyc co cha van hanh ciing nhu sy ddng thuan. It cd sy phdi hgp hong sir dyng cac tai san diing chung, kat ndi mang ludi co sd ha tang, dac biet la cac khu cdng nghiep, khu kinhtl, cang biln,...

(7) Viec phdi hgp, hgp tac giiia cac dia phuang nhieu khi dya hen cac mdi quan he truyen thdng him hao tiirdc dd, theo timg du an hoac theo phong trao, chii khdng phai xuat phat tir mong mudn giai quyet cac van de chung vi Igi ich cac ban'.

(8) Khdng hinh thanh dugc cac ca che giai quyet xung dot hieu qua. Diau nay mdt mat la do CO chi phan cap qua sau nhung thilu kiam soat, mat khac do tu duy cue bd va nhiem ky d cac dia phuang.

Tren co sd cac thda thuan cap tinh, cac sd nganh va quan huyen cua cac dja phuang d Tay Nam bd ciing xay dyng nhieu chuong trinh hgp tac vdi cac don vi tuong ling cimg cap, di kem vdi cac muc tieu va ndi dung da dang: (I) Chia sa kinh nghiem quan ly; (2) Trao ddi thdng tin kinh te - xa hdi; (3) Phdi hgp td chiic cac hgi chg, trian lam;

(4) Phoi hgp, hg giiip dao tao ngudn lihan lyc; (5) Kat ndi cac td chiic va doanh nghiep; (6) Binh dn tinh hinh thi trudng (chuong trinh "kat ndi cung cau") va phdi hgp chinh sach giai quyat cac van de xa hgi, mdi trudng khac; va (7) Kien nghi, tu vln va de xuat vdi cap tinh cac ngi dung hgp tac thiet thuc hon.

Noi bat hon ca tiong cac hoat ddng nau tren la cac "chuang trinh kat ndi cung - cau" cua sd cdng thuang cua cac dia phuang. Chuang trinh nay bao gdm cac ndi dung chii yeu sau: (1) Gidi thieu

doanh nghiep va san pham dan cac dia phucmg khac thdng qua td chiic cac cugc gap mat va trian lam; (2) Hd tig dua cac san pham cua dia phuang vao cac kenh phan phdi cua dia phuong khac, dac biet la cac thanh phd Idn, cd sue cau cao, nham hinh thanh cac chudi gia tri lien tinh, Han vung; (3) Td chiic cac hdi nghi xiic tiln thuang mai va dau tu nham gidi thieu tiem nang, the manh ciia dia phuang; (4) Cung cap, trao ddi thdng tin thi trudng nham binh dn gia va ddng bg hda chat lugng san pham; va (5) Soan thao, hudng dan va giam sat cac hgp ddng hgp tac giua doanh nghiep vdi hO gia dinh, dac biet hong tieu thy ndng san.

Mac dii cac chuong trinh neu tren budc dau da cd mdt sd ket qua*, song ciing gidng nhu ca cha phdi hgp chinh sach giiia cac tinh, chiing bgc lg nhieu ban chi: (1) Cac dia phuong chu yeu thyc hien chuang trinh thdng qua cac van ban ghi nhd song phuong va da phuang (vdi tinh khac, vdi Tp.

Hd Chi Minh, Ha Ndi, Da Ning). Tuy nhian, cac van ban nau hen hau het mang tinh hinh thiic, nhiau ngi dung it dugc trien khai tren thyc ta; (2) Cac chuong trinh triln khai theo phong trao, thieu tinh kha thi va lian tuc; va (3) Thay vi chi cung cap thdng tin va td chiic cac hoat ddng mang tinh dinh hudng, nhiau co quan nha nude cap tinh lan san, lam thay cdng viec cua doanh nghiep va thi trudng.

Ngoai cac hinh thiic hgp tac lien tinh nau tian, trong thdi gian qua cdn cd mdt sd co cha lian ket viing khac, mang tinh ban chinh thirc va md hon,

^ Thirc tl cac co quan, ban nganh ciia cac (inh duae tach ra tir mgt tinh Ion tmoc d6 (nhu' Can Tho va Hau Giang) thirong CO moi quan he vdi nhau "tot" hon khi so voi cac tinh lan can khac. Tir do, cac co che hgp tac hinh thanh nhieu khi khong dua tren nhu ciu cap b^ch ciia thyc tiln.

Vi du tai Hpi ngbi ket noi cung - cau hang hoa giua thanh ph6 H6 Chi Minh voi cac tinh, thanh nam 2015, So C6ng Thuong thanh pho Ho Chi Minh cho biet qua 4 nam trien khai chuong ninh (2012-2015) da co 965 hgp d5ng dugc ky ket giiia cac doanh nghiep, trong do 886 hop dong dugc h-ien khai thuc hien ven tdng gia tri Uen 20.000 ty dong.

Thanh pho H6 Chi Minh tieu thu hang hoa voi tn gia tren 13.500 ty dong va cung ling hang hoa tren 6.500 ty dong.

Rieng tai Hgi nghi ket noi cung - cau nam 2015 co 273 hop dong cua cac doanh nghiep, nha cung dp tai cac tinh, thanh duoc ky ket vcri 8 he thong phan phoi ciia thanh pho Ho Chi Minh

http://www.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/thongtinthanhpho/thongti ntuyenhiiyen/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?List=49d70ac4%2D60f 7%2D4Ofd%2D9c0a%2D8d03227ab9U&lD=6215&Web=

9e81d926%2D327c%2D4781%2Db409%2DfO54619n528.

PHAT T R | £ N B E N V Q N G V U N G Q U Y E N 8, s o 1 (3/2018) 53

LY LUAN - TRAO B0|

ma noi bat nhat la Dien dan Hgp tac kinh ta Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long (MDEC).

MDEC dugc chinh thiic thanh lap theo Quyet dinh sd 388/QD-TTg^ vao nam 2010 mac dii tren thyc tl da van hanh tir nam 2007. Day la diln dan hgp tac cd sy tham gia cua Ban Chi dao Tay Nam bd, Uy ban Quoc gia va Hgp tac Kinh te qudc te, cac Bd, nganh Trung uong, UBND cac tmh, thanh vung Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long va thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, va nhieu doanh nghiep, td chiic dan sy khac. MDEC hudng tdi tang tinh hgp tac va lian kat giiia cac ban tham gia; lien ket giiia vung vdi cac td chiic qudc ta va cac nude; tap hgp sang kian da dang cua cac nha khoa hgc, nha quan ly va doanh nghiep theo timg chu da; bao cao, de xuat Thu tudng Chinh phii xem xet, ban hanh ve co cha, chinh sach nham ddy manh phat trian kinh tl - xa hdi ciia viing. Co cau td chiic ciia MDEC gdm Ban Chi dao. Ban Thu ky va Ban Td chiic'"

Dan nay, MDEC da td chiic luan phian giiia cac tinh, thanh 9 ky hdi nghi vdi cac chii de da dang trong phat trien viing: "Kinh ta vung Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long - nhiing tac dgng tii WTO"

(thanh phd Hd Chi Minh nam 2007), "Vi sy phat hiln hg ting giao thdng" (Can Tho 2008), "Phat trien ngudn nhan lyc trong thdi ky hdi nhap" (An Giang 2009), "Phat huy Igi thi sdng biln, phat trien kinh te ban vung" (Kien Giang 2010), "Lien kat, hgp tac phat trian ban virng" (Ca Mau 2011),

"Hudng dan nan ndng nghiep chat lugng va bin viing" (Tien Giang 2012), "Ddng bSng sdng Ciiu Long hudng dan nen kinh ta xanh" (Vinh Long 2013), "Tai co cau ndng nghiep - Xay dyng ndng thdn mdi vimg Ddng bfing sdng Ciru Long" (Sdc Trang 2014), va "Ddng bang sdng Cim Long - Chu ddng hdi nhap va phat trian ben virng" (Hau Giang 2016).

MDEC da cd nhung ddng gdp tich eye hong viec thiic day co che hgp tac va phdi hgp chinh sach giira cac tinh trong vimg, va giira cac tinh trong vung vdi cac Bg, nganh Trung uong va cac tinh thanh khac:

' Quylt dinh so 388/QD-TTg ngay 25 thang 3 nam 2010 ciia Thii tuong Chinh phii v l viec T6 chirc Diln dan Hgp tac kinh tl Dong bang song Ciiu Long,

'" http://mdec.vti/

(1) Tao ra dien dan trao ddi, thao luan giiia cac bdn lien quan. Tran co sd dd, cac tuih td chiic 1^

kat hgp tac song phuang va da phuang; cac don vi chuyen mon trao ddi kinh nghiem; cac doanh nghiep tim kiam ca hdi hgp tac dau tu, lien doanh, lien kat chuyan giao cdng nghe, dao tao nguIn nhan lyc,... Day cung la nod doanh nghiep, cac tl chiic dan su truyen dat tieng ndi din chinh quyln cac tinh va Bd, nganh Trung uong, va nhan dui?c cac phan hdi trye tiap.

(2) Cac thao luan chinh sach da chilu da gop phln hinh thanh nan nhiau sang kiln, d l xuat d6 cap Trung uong thao go khd khan, vudng mac lien quan dan phat trien vimg. Tran co sd dd, nhieu chii truong chinh sach mdi ra ddi, nhu QuySt dinh so l033/QD-TTg ngay 30/6/2011 v l Phat hiln giao due - dao t^o va day nghe ddi vdi viing; Quyet djnh sd 638/QD-TTg ngay 28/4/2011 v l Phuang hudng, nhiem vu va ke hoach phat trien ket cau ha tang giao thdng vung den nam 2015, dinh hudng den nam 2020; Quylt dinh sd 1397/QD-TTg ngay 25/9/2012 ve Phe duyet quy hoach thuy Igi vung din nam 2020 va dinh hudng den nam 2050 trong dieu kien bian ddi khi hau, nude biln dang; hi ho cac dia phucmg trong viing thyc hien cac dy an diiu ta cap bach thugc Chuong hinh SP-RCC; du thao Quy che thi diem lian kit vimg Ddng bSng song Ciru Long,... Ngoai ra, nhung d l xult tai hgi thao tham van Kl hoach Chau Iho Ddng bSng sdng Ciru Long vdi tam nhin dan nam 2100 da dugc cac chuyan gia Ha Lan tiep thu, hoan chinh ndi dung bao cao Uy ban lian Chinh phu Viat Nam - Ha Lan".

(3) Cac hoat ddng xiic tiln dlu tu - thuang mai trudc day thudng dugc td chirc theo d p qudc gia va cap tinh, khdng theo clp vung. MDEC ra ddi la hinh mau dang tham khao cho cac viing khac hong viec xiic tiln thu hiit dlu tu, khi tap hgp dugc sf tham gia tir nhieu phia, ca co quan Trung uong, chinh quyan cac dia phuang, doanh nghi?p, to chirc dan sy va td chirc qudc tl. MDEC ciing gop phan gay dyng uy tin va hmh anh than thien cho vung va dia phuong td chirc diln dan. Ngoai ra, cac ngi dung cam kit phan nao da dugc Idng ghep http://nidec.vn/com_content/articles/ruyen-bo-chung-MDE C-Soc-Trang-20l4/9I5.httn

54 PHAT TRISN B E N VU-NG V U N G QUYtN 8, S6 1 (3/20181

Bui Vift CiTOTig - Le Thj Thu Hinmg Car ch£ phoi h^p chinh sach..,

vao phuang hudng hoat ddng cua co quan, vao viec dieu chinh, bd sung quy hoach phat trien kinh ta - xa hgi va cac quy hoach nganh, ITnh vyc tai dia phuong.

Tuy nhian, MDEC ciing gap phai nhilu rao can, vudng mac khdng dl vugt qua, din tdi nhiau cam ket mang tinh hinh thirc, chi tdn tai tran giay, it di vao thyc tien:

(1) Tinh bat budc phap ly thap hoac khdng cd nen cac thda thuan thudng khdng kem theo diau kien. Cac thanh vien Ban Chi dao Dien dan d mdt sd Bg, nganh va dia phuong chua quan tam triln khai day du, long ghep vao chiic nang, nhiem vu va chuang trinh, phuong hudng hoat ddng cua don vi minh cac cam ket va nhiem vu nau tai Tuyan bd chung; ddng thdi thiau co cha diau phdi hiiu hieu de cd the vugt len Igi ich cue bg dja phucmg''^-

(2) Thiau ngudn lyc thyc Men do cac de xuat gay dyng quy chua thanh hien thyc.

(3) Hieu qua cua cac boat ddng xiic tiln dlu tu, thuang mai va du lich cdn thap mac dii dugc quan tam bang nhiau hinh thiic. Trung tam xiic tian dau tu viing cung chua di vao boat ddng'^.

3. Mgt so phmmg hirdng hoan thien cac co che phoi hgp chinh sach d Tay Nam bd

Trong bdi canh hien nay, rat nhiau cac van da mdi nay sinh ve kinh tl, xa hdi va mdi trudng ddi hdi nd lyc chung ciia cac dia phuong trong viec xir ly. Tuy nhian, sy lien kat, phdi hgp chinh sach giiia cac dia phuang d Tay Nam bd thdi gian qua xet ve hinh thirc tuong ddi nhiau; song xet ve thyc chat ket qua khdng dang ka. Vi vay theo chiing tdi, de cd the hinh thanh nan co che phdi hgp chinh sach lien tinh, cln tap trung vao mgt sd van de sau:

(I) Co cha hgp tac lien tinh la each thiic nham giai quylt nhirng bai toan chung giiia cac dia phuang, tran co sd dam bao loi ich tdng tha cung nhu tdn tigng cac nhu cau da dang cua cac dia phuang. Vi vay, cdn xay dung cdc ca che co tinh

' http://mdec.vn/com_content/articies/Tuyen-bo-chung-MDE C-Soc-Trang-2014/915 .htm

' htfp://mdec.vn/com_content/articIes/Tuyen-bo-chung-MDE C-Soc-Trang-2014/915.hmi

phdp ly song hdnh vai cdc ca chi mang tinh tu nguyen:

(i) Tinh phap ly dugc thiet lap dua tran cac chinh sach, quy dinh ciia chinh quyen Trung uong, thdng qua co quan diau phdi phat trien viing. Hien nay loai co quan nay, vi du nhu Hdi ddng vung kinh ta trgng diam, khdng cd du tham quyen. Them vao dd, sy phan cap qua rgng da lam nay sinh mau thuan giiia nd lyc dieu phdi va xay dung chinh sach vimg cua Trung uong vdi quyen ty chu cua chinh quyen dia phuang va sy khang dinh quyan luc cac Bg nganh (Worid Bank va MPI, 2016). Vi vay, hong tuong lai neu cd dugc co quan quan ly viing cd dli nang lyc, tham quyen va ngudn lyc, vdi phan cdng lai quyen ciia cac bd nganh Trung uong va sy tir bd bdt quyen ciia cac tinh, thi tinh phap ly va hieu luc thyc thi mdi dugc dam bao.

(ii) Sy ty nguyen cua cac dia phuong chi cd dugc khi Igi ich cua hg dugc dam bao. Tuy nhian, vdi sy chdng lan, dan xen cua cac Igi ich chung, Igi ich nhdm va loi ich ca nhan nhu hian nay, su tu nguyen cting it cd nen tang duy tri lau dai. Vi vay, phai cd su giam sat, phan bien tii nhieu phia hen cac nguyen tac dan chu va sy tham gia cua xa hdi dan sy va cdng ddng doanh nghiep.

(2) Vi nhirng van de nau hen, cac thda thuan lian tinh chi nen xay dyng d mdt sd khia canh:

(i) Cdc ITnh vuc co su yiu cdu cua Chinh phu vdi su tham gia cua cac Bg nganh Trung uong, dac biet lien quan tdi cac van de xa hgi va mdi trudng.

(ii) Cdc linh vuc thuc su cdn nhiing no luc chung va Igi ich cac ben khdng bi vi pham. Vi dy nhu ddi vdi quy hoach, cac tinh hong viing dinh ky hang nam tap trung lai ra soat, xem xet, danh gia, ddi chieu cac quy hoach, ka hoach phat trien cua minh cho phii hgp vdi quy hoach chung, dam bao tinh thdng nhat, ddng thuan, lian dia phuong, lien vimg va lien nganh. Cugc hgp nay cd sy tham gia cua cac nganh d Trung uong cd lien quan, dai dien cac CO quan khoa hgc, gidi doanh nghiep va cac td chiic dan su. Ddi vdi viec hinh thanh he thdng co sd dli lieu va vung, cac tinh ddng gdp xay dyng mdt trung tam nham cung cap cac thdng tin ve co che chinh sach cua Nha nude, sd lieu kinh te - xa hdi - mdi trudng cac tinh, cap nhat gia ca va nhu

PHAT TRlfiN BfiN V O N G VUNG QUYSN 8, SO 1 (3/2018) 55

L t LUAN - TRAO BOI

cau thi trudng, dac biet ddi vdi liia gao, thiiy san va trai cay.

Dli vdi cac boat ddng khac, sd, nganh d cac dia phuang hong viing dinh ky td chiic cac hdi nghi ra soat cac ke hoach va thuc tien trian khai cac nbigm vu, nham tiing budc hinh thanh cac co chi phdi hgp cdng viec, chia se thdng tin, kinh nghiam. Cac hdi nghi nay cd the mang tinh chat nganh, hoac lian nganh, va cd sy tham gia cila cac doanh nghiep va td chiic dan sy.

(iii) Cdc ITnh vuc hinh thdnh trin ca sa tham vdn y kien ciia gidi khoa hgc, doanh nhan va ngudi dan, nhung phai dam bao nguyen tac khdng lam thay thi trudng va khdng can thiep vao hogt ddng ciia cac td chiic dan sy; ddng thdi dam bao tinh cdng khai, minh bach.

(3) Cac tinh khuyin khich cdc chinh quyin dia phucmg, cdp huyen, xa, dac biet d cac viing giap ranh giua cac tinh (ca hong va ngoai viing, va cua Campuchia), td chiic cac hdi nghi dinh ky nhilm trao ddi, thing nhat hong thyc hien nhiem vu va xir ly xung dot, vdi sy tham gia ciia dai dien cac cap chinh quyen cao hon, td chiic dan sy va ngudi dan dia phucmg.

(4) Tdi trg cho cdc dien ddn xiic tian dau tu, thuang mai mang tinh lien tinh, cac hdi thao, hdi nghi khoa hgc va cac dien dan dan sy khac; qua dd hinh thanh cac co chi ddi thoai, phan bien va phoi hgp chinh sach. Ngoai ra, can tiap tyc khuyin khich va md rgng cac md hinh diln dan chinh sach nhu MDEC. Cac md hinh nhu vay cd y nghia khi dl xuat va khdi dgng sang kian.

Ngoai ra, mdt van dk niia ciing cln luu y la chinh quyen Trung uong phai tilp tuc hoan thien CO cha phan cap quan ly giua Trung uong va tinh va cd cac hinh thiic hd trg khac cho cac thda tiiuan hgp tac lien tinh:

(1) Xem xet, ra soat, danh gia lai cac hinh thiic va ndi dung phan cap hian nay. Cln xac dinh ro nhiing ITnh vyc nao dia phuong khdng dam nhiem dugc va Trung uong phai aim; ngugc lai, ITnh vyc nao can hao tra cho dia phuong ty chu.

(2) Hd tig viec xay dyng co sd dii lieu vl tir nhian, kinh tl - xa hdi, lam co so cho hoach dinh

chinh sach dia phuong va lya chgn ciia cac nha dSu tu.

(3) Chinh quyen trung uong cd the cap vln tai trg cho cac dia phucmg xay dyng chien luge phat trien kinh ta kha thi, phii hgp vdi dac thii ciia dia phuong va tao mdt co chi dac thu da thyc hi^n chian luge do; thay cho viec phan bd vdn nhu c3 va bii dap bang cac dy an xay dyng co sd h^ tSng, Viec cap vdn kieu nay phai dya tran co sd canh h-anh giiia cac tinh (CIEM, 2010)'^

(4) Chinh quyan Trung uong thuc dly sy Hen ket, hgp tac giiia cac tinh thdng qua chinh sach hinh thanh cac cum nganh san xult tap trung \i cac chudi san pham mang tinh lien tinh, lien viing,

Ket Iu|n

Viec tang cudng phan cap quan ly nha nude v^

kinh tl hong qua trinh chuyan ddi co cha quan ly thdi gian qua la cln thilt va mang lai nhilu Igi ich nhu tang tinh chu ddng, sang tao cua chinh quyen cap tinh. Tuy nhian, ban than qua trinh nay, nlu khdng dugc kiem soat hiru hieu, se dan tdi su phan manh nan kinh ta theo cac dia gidi hanh chinh va rat khd diau phdi phat triln theo khdng gian vung.

De khac phyc tinh tr^ng nay, MDEC va cac ca ch6 phdi hgp chinh sach Hen tinh d Tay Nam bg du<;rc de xuat va trian khai.

Tuy nhien, tren thyc te, viec phdi hgp chinh sach tiiudng mang tinh hinh thiic, thilu thyc chit.

Nguyen nhan chu ylu la tinh phap ly thlp, Igi ich cue bd dia phuong va thilu cac ngudn lyc ciin thiat. Chinh vi vay, de nang cao hieu qua va hi?u lyc cua cac co cha neu tiran, cln sy trg gifip ciia chinh quyen Trung uong ciing nhu giai quylt hai hda mdi quan he Igi ich giiia cac dia phuong.

Ngoai ra, viec xac dinh cac ITnh vyc h-gng tam trong hgp tac giiia cac dia phuong trong vung ciing het siic quan trgng.

Thoi gian qua da co nhilu tinh thu6 tu van nuoc ngoai ISm cac quy hoach phat min kinh tl - xa hgi (vi dy Ninh Thu|n, Quang Ninh). Mac dii v^y, hieu qua cua viec lam nay chiw ro rang.

56 PHAT TRISN BtN VONG VCjNG QUYfeN 8, SO 1 (3/2018)

Biii Vigt CiroTig - Le Thi Thu Hmrag Cff che phoi hop chinh s^ch...

Tai lieu tham khao

1. CIEM (2010). Bdo cdo Ndng luc canh tranh Viet Nam 2009 - 2010. http://www.fetp.edu.vn/cache/Bao

%20cao%20Nang%201uc%20canh%20uanh%20Viet%20Nam%202010%20(V)~CIEM,%20LKY-2016-05-19- 09350925.pdf

2. FETP (2015). Dong bdng sdng Cuu Long - Liin kit di tdng cuong ndng luc canh tranh vd phdt trien ben viing.

Chuang trinh giang day kinh tl Fulbright.

3. Nguyen Quang Thai (2010). Doi mai xay dung vd thuc hien ke hoach 5 ndm 2011-2015 voi dot phd veca chi phdn cap mang tinh hi thdng. http://ecna.gov.vn/ct/ht/Lists/BaiViet/Attachments/37/BAI%20NGUYEN%20QUANG

%20THAI.pdf.

4. UBND Bac Lieu (2013). Bdo cdo so kit. ddnh gid ket qud dat dugc trong qud trinh hgp tdc, lien kit phdt trien kinh te giira tinh Bgc Lieu vai thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh. Ky yeu Hoi nghi trao doi giira UBND 13 tinh, thanh Dong bang song Ciiu Long va thanh phi Hi Chi Minh, MDEC VTnh Long 11/2013.

'^ UBND thanh pho Ho Chi Minh (2011). Bdo cdo tinh hinh thuc hien chuong trinh hgp tdc kinh te - xa hpi giira thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh vd 13 tinh Dong bang song Cuu Long.

6. UBND thanh pho Ho Chi Minh (2013). Bdo cdo tinh hinh thuc hien hgp tde kinh ti giira thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh vdi cdc tinh. thdnh vdng Dong bdng song Cuu Long. Ky yeu Hoi nghi trao doi giua UBND 13 tinh, thanh Dong bang song Ciiu Long va thanh pho Ho Chi Minh, MDEC Vinh Long 11/2013.

7. Uy ban Kinh te Quoc hoi (2012). Kiin nghi Diin ddn kinh le mua xudn. https://www.scribd.com/

doc/147023855/Kien-Nghi-Dien-Dan-KTMX-2012

8. VCCI va IDS (2012). Dpng luc thuc day cdi each kinh ti tai cdc tinh o VietNam - Mptso bdi hpc tircdi cdch kinh te. Nxb Thong tin va Truyen thong. Ha Npi.

9. Vii Thanh Tu Anh (2012). Phdn cdp kinh te d VietNam nhin tir gdc dp thi che. Ky yeu Dien dan Kinh te mua Thu 2012, tr. 226-249.

10. Vii Thanh Ty Anh, Le Vilt Thai va Vo Tit Thang (2007). Xe rdo uu ddi ddu tu ciia cdc tinh trong boi cdnh md rgngphdncdp o VietNam: "Sdng hen" hay '7pi 6d( cop Aoi".? Chuong trinh phat Uien Lien hiep quoc (UNDP) tai Viet Nam.

11. Worid Bank (2009). Cdc thi che hien dgi. Bao cao phat trien VietNam 2010, Bao cao chung cua cac nha tai Ugt^i Hoi nghi tu vln cac nha tai trg cho Viet Nam Ha Ngi 3-4 thang 12/2009.

12. World Bank va MPI (2016). Viet Nam 2035 - Huong toi Thinh vugng. Sdng tao, Cong bdng vd Ddn chu. Bao cao tong quan.

Thong tin tac gia:

1. Bili Viet Cir^g, Th S _ ^ Ngay nhan bai: 3/10/2017 - Don vi cong tac: Vien Nghien ciiu Phat trien ben Ngay nhan ban sira: 5/12/2017 vimg Vung Ngay duyet dang: 30/1/2018 - Dia chi email, bvcl9752@gmail.com

2. Le Thi Thu Huong, Th.S

- Dem VI cdng tac: Vien Han lam Khoa hpc xa hoi Viet Nam

PHAT TRltN B E N VU-NG VCJNG Q U Y E N 8, S6 1 (3/2018) 57