BAI BAO KHOA HOC
I
D I I N BIEN TRINH DO CHUAN B! CH0C NANG THAN KINH - T A M LY CUA NAM VAN DUNG VIEN VAT TU DO TRINH 00 CAO
Ngo Sach Thg*i
Torn tat:
Thong qua cac phuang phap nghien cdu CCT ban trong the thao, dac biet qua theo doi dgc, dii tai da xac djnh du-oc didn bien trinh do chuan bi chdc nang than l<inh - tam ly cua nam VOV vat ti do trinh dp cao theo cac giai doan ciJa chu ky huan luyen nam.
Td khoa: Didn bidn, trinh dp chuan bj, chdc nang than l<inh - tam ly, nam VDV Vat tif do.
Development of nerve- psychological function preparation level of high-ranked men's freestyle wrestling athletes
Summary:
Through the basic research methods in Sports, especially tracking, the study has defined the development of nerve- psychological function preparation level of high-ranked men's freestyle wrestling athletes during different phases ofthe year-round training period.
Keywords: Development, preparation level, nerve- psychological function, men's freestyle wrestling athletes
DAT VAN DE
Trinh do chuan bi ehiic nang thin kmh - tam ly la mgt trong nhiing ca scr quan trong trong tuyen chpn va danh gia danh gii trinh dp tap luyen cua VBV. 6 timg thai diim khac nhau, mite dp bilu hi$n cua he thSn kinh - 1 ^ ly khac nhau va chju s\r tac dpng cua quy lu|lt sinh hpc.
Chinh vi vay, viec theo doi dien bien trinh do chuan bi chiic nang thin kinh - tam Iy cua VDV trong moi giai doan cua chu ky huan luyen nam la viec lam het siic can tfaiSt hiSn nay. Thong qua theo doi cho ph6p eac huan luy8n viSn xac dinh va danh gid dupe nhimg bieu hi$n bi8n d6i v8 mat chiic nang thiin kinh - tam ly cua VDV, tren ca sa do, giiip cac huan iuyen vien co the dieu khien va dieu chinh ki hoach huin luyen phu hop, gop phin nang cao thanh tieh thi thao cua VDV.
PHI/dNG PHAP NGHIEN ClJU
Qua trinh nghidn ciiu six dyng cae phuang phap sau: Phuang phap t6ng hop va phan tich tai heu; phuong phap phong van, phuang phap kiim tra y hpc va phuong phap toan hpc th6ng ke.
D6i tirong kiim tra g6m 67 nam VDV trinh dp cao (35 VBV trinh do kien tu6ng va 32 VDV trinh d6 d p 1) dang tap luyen tai cac dan vi nhu: Trung tam huin luyen till thao Qu6e gia I;
*ThS, Tru'O'ng Bai hpc TDTT Bic Ninh
Bp Cfing An; Sa Van hoa, The thao v^ Du lich tinh B4C Ninh, Thai Nguyen...
KET QUA NGHIEN CUfU VA BAN LUAN Tren ea sa phan tich, tong hop cac nguin tu li$u trong va ngoai nudc, tii6ng qua phuang phap phong vin, d6ng thoi qua kiim tra dp tin c|iy va tinh thong bdo, chiing t6i xdc dinh dupe mpt s6 chi tieu danh gia trinh dp chuan bi chiic nang thin kinh - tdm ly cua VDV Vat Ty do gfim: Cdm gidc luc ca 50% luc toi da eua: tay phai (%), tay trdi (%), ca lung (%); phdn xa trong vdn dpng: Phdn xa dan (ms); Phan xa phiic (ms); Thang bdng tinh (s); Soat vong ha landol. D I thdy dupe diln biSn cua cac chi tieu, chiing t6i tien hanh kiSm tra y hpc theo cdc giai doan tap luyen: Chuan bi chung; chuan bi chuyen mon va thofi ky thi dau trong chu k^
huin luyen nam 2015. Kit qud kiem tra ehi tiSu ddnh gid trinh dp chuin bj chiie nang thin kinh - tdm ly cua nam VDV Vdt Tu do trinh dp cao theo cac thoi k^ trong chu ky huan luyen nam dupe trinh bay tai bang 1 vd bdng 2.
Kit qud nghien ciiu tai bdng 1 va 2 cho thiy, cac chi tieu danh gid trinh dp chudn bi chiic nang thin kmh - tam ly cua nam VDV viit ti; do trinh dp cao c6 ehilu hudng biin dli thich nghi voi lupng van d6ng tap luy6n. Cdc ehi tidu chiic
imTMSHniiiiinyflifflETmo •
> 1g017 Bang 1. Dien bien trtnh d6 chuin b| ctiirc nang thin ldnh - tSm lyclia nam VDV V|[t Tip do trinh d6 cao theo cac thwi kjf trong chu kSr huan iuyf n nam (Ki#n tiFOTg n = 35; C i p 1 n = 34)
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
ChitiSu Cam giac l\ic ca tay
thuan (%) Cam giac I\ic ca tay
khong thu$n (%) Cam giac lire ca
lung (%) Phan xa don (ms) Phan xa phiic (ms) Thang blng tinh (s) Soat vong hd
Landol
Trinh da Kien tuomg Cap 1 Kien tudng Capl Kien tuang Capl Ki§n tuang Capl KiSn tu6ng Cap 1..
Ki$n tuong Capl Kien tuang Capl
Chain
X
15.94 16.57 17.81 18.52 19.65 20.43 289.8 301.33 454.47 472.56 60.59 58.15 24.4 23.42
bi chung iS 1.88 1.95 2.91 3.03 6.11 6.35 24.38 25.35 90.77 94.38 8.24 7.91 2.28 2.19
Chuan bi chuy@n mon
X
14.55 15.07 16.25 16.83 17.33 17.95 264.67 274.15 407.68 422.27 65.34 63.11 27.3 26.37
±8 1.65 1.71 2.12 2.2 5.34 5.53 16.21 16.79 45.67 47.3 8.34 8.05 2.25 2.17
Thi diu
X
13.56 14 15.31 15.81 15.58 16.09 246.89 254.99 383.77 396.36 68.55 66.89 28.32 27.63
±8 1.31 1.35 2.03 2.1 5.01 5.17 15.24 15.74 32.56 33.63 8.44 8.24 2.41 2.35 Bdng 2. So sanh diln bien trinh dp chuan bi chirc nang than kinh - tam ly cDa nam VDV V$t Tir do trinh cao theo cac thd'i ky trong chu ky huan iuyen nam
(Ki^n tu'O'ng n = 35; Cap 1 n = 34) TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Chi tiSu
Cam giac luc co tay thuan (%) Cam giac luc co tay khong thuan (%)
Cam giac l^c co lung (%) Phan xa dan (ms) Phan xa phiic (ms) Thang bang tinh (s) Soat vong ha Landol
Gidi tinh Kien tuong Cap 1 Kien tudng Capl Kien tudng Cap 1 Kien tudng Capl Kien tudng Cap 1 Kien tudng CSp 1 Kien tudng Capl
t
tl-2
3.29 3.28 2.56 2.55 1.69 1.67 5.08 5.06 2.72 2.69 2.4 2.48 5.36 5.41
tl-3
6.14 6.11 4.17 4.16 3.05 3 8.83 8.79 4.34 4.3 3.99 4.33 6.99 7.42
t2-3
2.78 2.77 1.89 1.9 1.41 1.39 4.73 4.71 2.52 2.53 1.6 1.86 1.83 2.24
W(%)
Wl-2
9.12 9.5 9.16 9.54 12.55 12.93 9.06 9.45 10.85 11.24 7.54 8.17 11.22 11.84
Wl-3
16.14 16.81 15.1 15.77 23.11 23.77 15.99 16.66 16.87 17.54 12.33 13.97 14.87 16.51
W2.3
7.04 7.33 5.96 6.25 10.64 10.92 6.95 7.24 6.04 6.33 4.79 5.82 3.67 4.7 nang thin kinh - tam 1^' tit nhdt 6 thai k^ thi dlu
va kem nhit a ttioi ky chuin bj chung. Nhip tang truong cac ehi tiSu chiic nang thin kmh - tdm ly if hau hit cac chi tieu giiia thai ky chudn bi chuySn mon va thai k^ thi dau tit hon giua thbi k^r chudn hi chung vd ehuySn mon. Su khac biet nhip tang truong giua 2 thdi k^ ndy a m6t s6 chi
tiSu da CO su khde bi|t a nguong thong ke can thiit. Cu the su bien doi a tCmg chi tieu nhu sau:
Cdm giac lire ca (%) - la chi tieu danh gid nang luc cdm gidc van dpng cua VBV. Trong tap luyen va thi ddu the thao noi ehung va trong mon Vdt T\r do noi ri§ng trinh dO tap luyen cua VDV cdng cao thi cam gidc luc ca cang tit
B A I B A O KHOA HOC
nghia la tic dp va miic do dung l\rc trong M dau thang bang cua VDV trinh d6 kien tudng cao cdng tit. Cam giac luc ca tay phdi tit hem cdm hon trinh dp d p 1. Nhip tang tnrdng kha nang gidc luc ca tay trdi giiia cdc thai ky d ca VDV
ttinh dp kien tuong va cap 1. Cdm gidc lire ca Clia nam VDV Vdt Tu do trinh dp cao dat duac d thoi ky chuin hi chung la rit tit (kien tudng 15.94%; cdp 1 Id 16.57%) d tay phdi vd tay trdi (ki$n tudng 17.81%; cdp 1 la 18.52%). Cdm gidc li^c ca ciing co sii bien doi thich nghi vdi
thang bang giiia thdi ky chuin bi chung vd thdi ky thi ddu diln ra kha manh (kien tudng 12.33%; ckp 1 la 13.97%). Sur khde biet thang bang Gnh giua thdi ky chudn bj chung va thdi ky thi diu d cd 2 dli tupng cd y nghia thing ke d nguong xac xuit p<0.01.
Soat vdng hd Landol - la chi tieu phdn anh lupng v$n dpng tdp luyen. Nhip tang trudng dp In dinh tam ly cfia VDV. D6 In dinh tam 1^' edm giac luc ca giua thdi ky chuan b\ chung vd
fedi k<f thi diu (Kien tudng 16.14%; eip 1 la 16.81%) d tay phai vd tay trdi (kien tudng 15.10%; cip 1 la 15.77%). Su khde biSt cam gidc lye ca giua 2 thdi ky d ca YBiV vdt tu do trinh dp kien tudng va cap 1 co y nghia thong k6 d nguong xac xuat p<0.01.
Cdm gidc luc keo ca lung - la chi tieu cd si^
bien doi ldn nhdt trong ting s6 7 chi tieu thin kinh - tam 1^ ma de tai tiln hdnh nghien ciiu.
Nhip tang trudng edm gidc luc keo co lung giua thdi ky chudn hi chung vd thdi ky thi ddu (kien tudng 23.11%; cdp 1 la 23.77%). Su khde biet cdm gidc luc ca giiia 2 thdi ky d cd VDV V^tTu do trinh dp ki$n tudng va cap 1 cd y d ngudng thong kS d nguong xdc xult p<0.01.
Phan xa don (ms), phdn xa phiic (ms) - Id 2 chi ti6u phdn anh nang luc phdn biet va xu 1;^- thdng tin Clia CO the thdng qua su bien doi cua mdu sdc anh sdng. Ket qua nghien ciiu d 2 chi tieu ed su biin dli tucmg dli manh (>15%) giiia thdi k^' chudn bi chung vd tiidi ky chuin bi chuyen mon.
Kidn x? phiic (ms) cd su biin dli manh hon so vdi phdn xa don d ed d ca 2 dli tupng. Nhip tang tnrdng giiia thdi ky chu&i hi chung vd chuin bi ehuyen mdn d chi tieu phdn xa don (ld$n tudng 15.99%; eip 1 la 16.66%), chi tieu phdn xa phtie (kien tudng 16.87%; d p 1 la 17.54%). Su khde biet d cd 2 chi tieu nay giiia thdi ky chudn bi chung va chuan bi chuyen mon ed y d nguong thdng ke d ngudng xac xult p<0.01.
Thang blng tmh (s) - la chi tiSu phdn dnh tiiudc tinh thang bang cua he thing thin kinh hung uang vd nang lue van dpng co. Khd nang
cdng tot chiing td trinh dp tap luypn ciia VDV cang tdt. Dp dn dinh tdm ly ciia ^fBy cung c6 su bien ddi theo chieu hudng thich nghi vdi lupng v|ui dpng tap luyen. Dp dn dinh tam ly cua •\^V tdtnhat dthdi ky thi diu vd kdm nhdt d thdi ky chuan hi chung. Nhip tang trudng giua thdi ky chudn bi chung vd chuyen mdn (ki8n tudng 14.87%; d p 1 Id 16.51%), sy khde biSt ed y nghia thing ke d nguong xae xuit p<0.01.
KET L U A N
1. Qua trinh nghidn ciiu da xdc dinh dupe dien bien trinh dp chudn hi chiic nang thdn kinh - tam Iy cua VDV Vat Tu do trinh dp cao theo cde thdi k^ ciia chu ky huan luyen nam. Cdc cM tieu chtic nang tiidn kinh - tam 1;^ tit nhit d thdi ky thi dau. Su khde blet d tdt cd cdc chi tiSu thdi k^ chudn bi chung vd thi dlu bao ddm dd tin cdy d nguong xac xuit p<0.05 va p<0.01.
2. Nhip tang trudng cac chi tieu ddnfa gia trinh dd chuan bi chiic nang thin kinh - tam ly cua VDV Vdt Tu do trinh dp cao thdi ky chuin bi chung vd ehuyfn mdn cao hon so vdi thdi ky chuan hi chuyen mdn vd thdi ky thi diu. Nhip tang trudng cdc chi tieu cua VDV eip 1 eao hon VDV kien tudng (kien tudng tang trudng tur 12.33% din 23.11%; VDV d p 1 tang trudng tu;
13.97% din 23.77%.
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
1. Duong Nghiep CM, Trin Diic Dung, Ta Hiiu Hi6u, Nguyen Diic Van, Nguyen Dang Chieu (2004), Bo ludng thi thao, Nxb TDTT Ha N6i. . ^
2. Luu Quang Hiep, Pham Thi UySn (2003), y Sinh ly hpc TDTT, Nxb TDTT Hd Npi.
3. Le Him Hung (2013), Kiem tray hpc the thang bang tinh cang eao tiii trinh dp tap luyen due the thao, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi
eua VDV cdng tit. Khd nang thang bdng ciia 4. Nguyen Diic Van (2001), Phuang phdp VDV ttinh dp cao tit nhit d tiidi ky tiii ddu vd thdng ki trong TDTT, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi.
kem nhdt d thdi ky chuan bi chung. Khd nang
(Bai nop ngay 14/11/2016, Phan bi#n ngay 22/11/2016, duyet in ngay 15/1/0217)
