BAI BAO KHOA HOC
THIfC TRANG TRINH DO THE LlTC CUA SINH VIEN NAM THlf NHAT KHOI TRlfifNG KY T H U A T TAI THANH PHO HA NOI
Dao Tien Dan*
T6m tat: - " i ^ B M P M ^ ^ Su dung cac phuong phap nghien CLPU khoa hgc thu'6'ng quy d^nh gi§ thyc trang trinh dg t h ^
lye cua sinh vien nam thi> nhat va x6p loai the lye cua sinh vi§n theo quy djnh oDa Bg Giao dye va Dao t^o, d6ng th&i tien hanh so sanh thyc trgng trinh dg t h i lye giCVa cac nhom sinh vi§n khong tham gia t^p luy^n TDTT NK, tham gia t$p luy^n TDTT NK thuong xuyen vS tham gia tgp luy#n bong chuyen ngoai khoa thuo-ng xuy§n. Kit qua cho thay, nh6m sinh vien khong tham gia tgp luy^n TDTT NK phat trien the lye kem hon so voi cac nhom tham gia t^p luy#n TDTT NK thuong xuyen v§ tham gia tap luyen TDTT NK Bong chuyin thu-ong xuy§n.
Tii" khoa: Thyc trang t h i luc, TDTT ngoai khda, nam thii nhit, sinh vien, khll truong ky thugt, thanh ph6 Ha Npi.
Current status of fitness level of first-year students of technical schools in Hanoi city Summary:
Using routine scientific research methods to assess the current status of fitness level of first- year students and classify students' fitness levels according to the regulations of the Ministry of Education and Training, at the same time, compare with the physical fitness status of students who do not participate in the extracurricular sports activities, students who participate in extracurricular sports activities regulariy, and students who participate in extracurricular volleyball training regulariy.
The results show that the group of students who did not participate in extracurricular sports activities developed physically less than the groups that participate in exb'acurricular sports activities and extracurricular volleyball training regulariy.
Keywords: Current status, physical fitness, extracurricular sports, first year, students, technical^
schools, Hanoi city.
_ L _ « * ^
BAT VAN BE
Muc dich cua tap luyen TDTT NK la to chiic cac hoat dpng TDTT vao nhimg thai gian nhan roi ciia hpc sinh, sinh vien 1 each lanh manh va CO ngi dung; Giao due nhiing kien thiic sii dung mgt each tir giac cac phuong tien giao due TDTT khac nhau trong doi song va hoat dpng hang ngay, giiip phat trien the luc cho hpc sinh, sinh vien...
Danh gia chinh xac thuc trang trinh dp thi luc ciia sinh vien nam thii nhat cac truong khoi ky thuat tren dia ban Thanh pho Ha Ngi, d6ng
sinh vien khoi cac truong ky thuat tren dia ban thanh pho Ha Npi.
PHirdNG PHAP NGHIEN CifU
Qua trinh nghien ciiu su dung cac phuong phap nghien ciiu sau: Phuong phap phan tich va tong hop tai lieu; Phuong phap phong van;
Phuong phap quan sat su pham; Phuong phap kiem tra su pham va phuong phap toan hgc thong ke.
Khao sat dugc tien hanh tai 05 truong dai hpc khoi truong ky thuat tai Thanh pho Ha Npi gom:
Truong Dai hgc Mo - Dia chat, Truong Dai hgc thoi danh gia chinh xac tac dung cua tap luyen Xay dung; Truong Dai hgc Kinh te - Ky thuat TDTT NK thuong xuyen noi chung va tap luyen cong nghiep; Truong Dai hgc Cong nghiep Ha ngoai khoa mon Bong chuySn thucmg xuyen noi Ngi va Truong Dai hpc Bach Khoa Ha Ngi.
rieng la can cii quan trgng xay dung chuong Rieng Truong Dai hgc Cong nghiep Ha Ngi trinh tap luyen Bong chuygn ngoai khoa cho khong khao sat sinh vien nu (vi qua it).
*ThS, Tru'O'ng Dai hgc Bach Khoa Ha Npi; Email: [email protected]
TwcMKHDUHQC
BAD TAG VA HUM! UIYBUTHE THAO - $ 6 3 / 2 0 1 9 So lugng m^u khao sat: 900 sinh vien, trong
do CO 500 sinh vien nam va 400 sinh vien nii (moi truong lay 100 smh vien nam va 100 sinh vien nii) dugc chia thanh 3 nh6m d6i tugng thong qua khao sat thuc t^:
Nhom sinh vien khong thp luyen TDTT NK va tap luyen TDTT NK kh6ng thucmg xuyen (<3 buoi/tuSn va m6i bu6i <30 phiit) gom 574 sinh vien, trong do co 296 nam va 278 nir.
Nhom sinh vien tham gia tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen (tur 3 bu6i/tiUin tro len, m6i buoi tir 30 phiit tro len, lien tue trong 6 thang tro len) gom 263 sinh vien, trong do co 164 nam va 99 nu.
Nhom sinh vien tham gia tap luyen ngoai
khoa mon Bong chuyen thuong xuyen gom 63 sinh vien, trong do co 40 nam va 23 nil.
Thoi diem khao sat; Hgc ky 1 nam hgc 2017- 2018.
KET qUA NGHIEN CifU VA BAN LUAN
1. ThLPC tr^ng the ILFC cua sinh vien nam thij' nhat khoi cac tryang ky thuat tai thanh pho Ha Noi
Tien hanh danh gia trinh do the luc ciia sinh vien nam thii nhat khoi cac truong ky thuat tai Thanh pho Ha Ngi thong qua 6 test quy dinh theo quylt dinh s6 53/200 8/QD-BGDDT ngay 18 thang 9 nam 2008 ve viSc ban hanh quy dinh ve viec danh gia, xep loai the luc hgc sinh, sinh vien. Ket qua dugc trinh bay tai bang 1.
Bdng 1. Thvc trang trinh dp the IIFC ciia sinh vien nam thip nhat khoi cac tru'O'ng ky thuat tai Thanh pho Ha Noi (n=900) TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Test Luc bop tay thuan (kG) Nam ngiia gap bung (ISn/SOs) Bat xa tai cho (cm) Chay 30m XPC (s) Chay con thoi 4xl00m (s) Chay tuy sue 5 phut (m)
Nam (n
X
43.56 19.35 218.37 5.45 12.36 998.35
=500) 5 4.02 1.37 16.28 0.48
1.05 78.33
Cv
9.23 7.08 7.46 8.81 8.50 7.85
n& (n=400) is 29.37 16.68 162.60 6.48 12.87 893.5
S 2.83 1.21 15.23
0.43 1.19 67.38
Cv 9.64 7.25 9.37 6.64 9.25 7.54 Qua bang 1 cho thay: Trinh dp the lire ciia luc ciia cua sinh vien nam thii nhat khoi cac sinh vien nam thii nhat khoi cac truong ky thuat truong ky thuat tai Thanh pho Ha Npi, chiing toi tai Thanh pho Ha Npi a ca doi tugng nam va nii, tien hanh phan loai trinh dp the luc ciia sinh vien a tat ca cac test kiem tra deu cao hon miic trung theo tieu chuan phan loai cua Bp Giao due &
binh theo tieu chuan xep loai the luc cua Bp Dao tao. Qua trinh phan loai su dung cac chi Giao due v^ Dao tao [1], cao hon k^t qua dieu tieu: Nam ngua gap bung (lan/30s), Bat xa tai tra the chat nhan dan nam 2001 [2] va gan nhu cho (cm), Chay eon thoi lx400m (s) va chay tuy tuong duong voi ket qua nghien ciiu cua mpt so siic 5 phiit (m), dong thoi so sanh sir khac biet tac gia ve sinh vien cac viing mien tai Viet Nam ty le sinh vien dat tieu chuan ren luyen the luc [3], [4], [5]. ciia nam va nu. Ket qua phan loai dugc trinh bay
De CO cai nhin tong quat hon ve trinh dg the tai bang 2.
Bdng 2. Ket qud phan loai trinh dp the lu>c cua sinh vien nam thCe nhat khoi cac trifdng ky thuat tai Thanh pho Ha Npi (n=900) Ph^n lo^i
Tot Bat Khong dat
Tong so (n=900)
m i
243 521 136
27.00
%
57.89 15.11
x'
PNam (n=S00)
m i
139 294 67
27.80
%
58.80 13.40
NO- (n=400)
m i
104 227 69
26.00
%
56.75 17.25 2.601
P=0.271 > 0.05
BAI BAO KHOA HOC
Qua bang 2 cho thay: Khi phan loai trinh do the lire cua sinh vien khoi cac truong ky thuat tai Ha Npi theo tieu chuan xep loai ciia Bp Giao due & Dao tao, da so sinh vien co trinh dp the lye miic dat (gan 60%); ty le sinh vien co trinh dp the luc dat t6t chi gan 30%. Va con toi 13.40% s6 sinh vien nam va 17.25% so sinh vien nii nii trong dien khao sat co trinh do the luc o miic khong dat. Chinh vi vay, phat trien the luc cho sinh vien la van de can thiet. Khi so sanh ty le dat tieu chuan the luc cua nam va nu khong thay co su khac biet co y nghia thong ke (P>0.05).
2. So sanh sir khac biet trinh do the ILPC cua sinh vien nam thir nhat khoi cac tru'O'ng ky thu^t tai Thanh pho Ha Npi theo miJc dp tap luyen TDTT ngoai khoa
Song song voi viec danh gia thuc trang trinh dp the lire ciia sinh vien theo tieu chuan cua Bp Giao due va Dao tao, chiing toi tien hanh so sanh trinh dp the luc ciia sinh vien theo miic dp tap luyen TDTT NK. Cu the theo 3 nhom:
Nhom sinh vien khong tap Iuyen TDTT NK va tap Iuyen TDTT NK khong thucmg xuyen;
Nhom sinh vien tham gia tap luyen TDTT NK thucmg xuyen va nhom sinh vien tham gia tap luyen TDTT NK mon Bong chuyen thuong xuyen. Ket qua dugc trinh bay tai bang 3.
Qua bang 3 cho thay: Xu huong chung la nhiing sinh vien co tham gia tap luyen TDTT
Tap luyfn ngogi kh6a mdn bong chuyin giiip sinh vien phat triln todn dien cac to chat t h i lye nhu*: sii'c nhanh, sy kh^o leo, SCPC m^nh, sire bin, kha nang phoi hp-p v$n dpng...
ngoai kh6a co trinh do the luc tot hon so v6i nhiing sinh vien khong tham gia tap luy?n TDTT NK. Khi so sanh kk qua kiim tra th6 l\rc ciia nh6m khong tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen voi nhom tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen; nhom khong tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen voi nhom tap luyen NK mon B6ng chuyen thucmg xuyen thay co su khac biet CO y nghia thong ke. Khi so sanh nhom tap luyen TDTT NK thucmg xuyen voi nhom tap luy?n NK mon Bong chuyen thucmg xuyen, mac du CO chi so nhom tap luyen NK mon Bong chuyen thucmg xuyen dat cao hon, nhung a tit ca cac test, su khac biet chua co y nghia thong ke o P>0.05.
De thay ro hem sy khac biet ve trinh do the lire ciia sinh vien theo miic dp va npi dung tap luy^n TDTT NK, chiing toi tien hanh so sanh ty le sinh vien dat tieu chuan the luc cua tung nhom theo quy dinh cua Bg Giao due va Dao tao, dong thcri so sanh su khac biet ket qua phan loai trinh dp the luc ciia sinh vien cac nhom. Ket qua chi tiSt dugc trinh bay tai bang 4.
Qua bang 4 eho thay: Tuong tu nhu khi so sanh trinh do the lye cua sinh vien giira cac nh6m d6i tugng nghien ciiu, khi so sanh ty le phan loai trinh dp thg lye ciia sinh vien khoi cac truong ky thuat tai Ha Npi theo tieu chuin xep loai ciia Bp Giao due va Dao tao, ciing cho thay nhom khong tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen vai nhom tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuySn; nhom khong tap
I W CM KHOI HOC
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BAI BAO KHOA HOC
Bang 4. Ket qua so sanh phan loai trinh do the l^'c cua sinh vien nam thiJ- nhat khoi cac tru'O'ng ky thu|t tai Thanh pho Ha Noi
theo mirc dp tap iuyen TDTT NK (n=900)
Phan loai
Nam Tot Dat Khong dat
Na Tot D?t Khong dat
Khong t^p luy^n TDTT NK thirong xuy8a
mi 1 % n=296 57 182 57
19.26 61.49 19.26 n=278 57 166 55
20.5 59.71 19.78
Tap luyin TDTT NK thuong
xuyen mi 1 %
n=164 65 90 9
39.63 54.88 5.49 n=99 37 49 13
37.37 49.49 13.13
TSp luy^n bong chuyen NK thirong xuy6n
mi 1 % n=40 17 22 1
42.5 55 2.5 n=23 10 12 1
43.48 52.17 4.35
So sanh
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31.246
X^
11.461 x'
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0.651*
x'
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1.462*
X^
14.620
x'
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7.962
luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen vdi nhom tap luyen NK mon Bong chuyen thuong xuyen co su khac biet co y nghTa thong ke (P<0.05), nhom tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen va tap luyen bong chuyen NK thuong xuyen tot hon han 6 ca sinh vien nam va nir. Khi so sanh ty le xep loai the luc cua sinh vien nhom nhom tap luyen TDTT NK thuong xuyen voi nhom tap luyen NK mon Bong chuyen thuong xuyen chua thay su khac biet c6 y nghia thong ke.
KETLUAN
1. Trinh dp the luc cua sinh vien nam thii nhat khoi cac truong ky thuat tren dia ban Thanh pho Ha Npi o tat ca cac tieu chi thu duac deu cao hon miic trung binh khi so sanh voi nguoi Viet Nam cung liia tuoi va gioi tinh. Tuy nhien, khi phan loai trinh dp the luc ciia sinh vien theo tieu chuan cua Bg Giao due va Dao tao, ty le sinh vien chua dat tieu chuan con cao a ca nam vanii.
2. Tap Iuyen TDTT NK co tac dung tich cue trong viec phat trien the luc cho sinh vien nam thii nhat khoi cac truong ky thuat tai Ha Npi.
Sinh vien tap luyen TDTT NK thucmg xuyen va tap luyen bong chuyin ngoai khoa thuong xuyen co the luc t6t hon so voi sinh vien khong tham gia tap Iuyen TDTT NK thucmg xuyen.
Ghi chu:' tuxyng duvng P>0.05
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Bp Giao due va Dao tao (2008), Quydl dinh so: 53/2008/QB-BGDDTngdy 18 thdng 9 nam 2008 ve viec ban hanh quy dinh ve viec ddnh gid, xep loai the luc hoc sinh, sinh vien.
2. Duong Nghiep Chi, Nguyin Danh Thai va c6ng su (2003), Thi^c trang the chdt ngucri Vi$t Nam tie 6 tcri 20 tuoi (thai diim 2001), Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi.
3. D6 Dinh Quang (2011), "Nghien ciiu mot s6 giai phap phat triSn the chSt nhjm nang cao k§t qua hpc tap thuc hanh ky thuat cac mon thi thao trong chuofng trinh dao tao sinh vien khoa TDTT truong Dai hpc Hai Phong", Lu^n dn tiin si gido due hoc, Vien Khoa hpc TDTT, Ha Npi.
4. Dang Minh Thanh (2018), "D6i mai npi dung va phuang phap tp chiic hoat dpng thi thap ngoai khoa chp sinh vien tinh Soc Trang", Ludn dn tien sT gido due hoc, Vien Khpa hpc TDTT, Ha Npi.
5. Nguyen Van Tpan (2015), "Nghien ciiu giai phap va danh gia hieu qua giao due the chat theo he thong tin chi cho sinh vien Cao dang Su pham Giao due the chfa truong Dai hpc H6ng Diic Thanh Hca", Ludn dn tien si gido due hQC, Vien Khpa hpc TDTT, Ha Npi.
(Bai npp ngay 16/4/2019, Phan bien ng^y 19/4/2019, duy$t in ngay 28/6/2019)
