THUC HIEN NGHI QUYET OAI HOI XII CUA OANG
DANG l i N H OAO XAY DONG NHA Nl/OK PHAP QUYEN XA HQI CHU NGHIA THEO VAN KIEN DAI HQI XII
NGUYEN DINH BAC*
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Tbe idea of building a socialist rule of law state reBects botba creative thinking and a practical direction of tbe Communist Party's of Vietnam in buUding and organizing tbe state apparatus in particular and in social governance in general. Tbe principle of centralized and uniSed leadership ofthe Party must be strictiy followed. Tbe written documents of die Twelfth National Party Congress state tbe building ofa socialist rule of law state led by tbe Party.
1. Trong diiu kien tln,rc tS a niroc ta, Dang Cpng san Vi jt Nam la dang duy nhat cam quyfa, lanh dao Nha nuac va xa hgi, chiu tiach nhiem ve nhimg quySt dinh ciia mlnh tnroc nhan dan, dan toe. Vai tro lanh d^o cua Dang da dugc nhan dan thiia nhfin, uy quySn, giao pho va dugi: k h ^ g dinh nhat quan trong Cirong hnh, trong Hien phap cac thai k^. Dieu 4 Hien phap nam 2013 da nhan manh dia vi phap ly cua Ding: "Dang Cpng san Viet Nam - dpi tien phong cua giai cSp cong nhan ddng thoi la dpi tien phong cua nhan dan lao dpng va ciia dan tpc Viet Nam,... la luc luyng lanh d?o Nha nuoc va xa hpi".
Voi tu each la ding cSm quyen, phirong
thiic lanh dao ciia Dang phii chu yeu btag Nha niroc va thong qua Nha nu6c. Die bipt, trong di& kien xay dung Nha nii6c phap quyen xa hpi chu nghia CXHCN) nhiing nim ddi moi vira qua, vai trp lanh dao ciia Dang tiSp tuc dupc phit huy. Dang da lupn hi ddi m&i tu duy ly luan, td chiic va hoat dpng, npi dung va phuong thiic lanh dao ddi vpi Nha nuoc. Theo do, npi dung chti ygu vfi sir lanh dao cua Dang ddi vol Nha nuoc la Dang d^ ra dirong loi, chu truong diing dfin dfi xay dung, hoan thien nha nuoc phap quyfin XHCN. Dang lanh dao Nha nu6c the chS hoa duflng ldi, chu tnrong ciia Dang
* TS, Hpc vien Chinh trj - B§ Qu6c phong
TAP CHl Q U A N L* N H A Nl/OC - S6 253 !r?.'?,017)
THI/C HIEN NGHI QUYET BAl H 6 1 XII C O A O A N G thanh chinh sach, phap luat ciia Nha mroc va to chiic thuc hieu chinh sach, phap luat.
Van kien Dal hpi Xn chi ro: "Nhifiu chu truong, dirong lfii cua Dang vg cai each tu phap dupc the che trong Hien phip, phap luat va dupc trien khai thuc hien nghiem tuc, dat ket qua quan trpng"'. Dac biet, vSn dg cot 161 nhat la phuong thiic lanh dao ciia Dang diroc thuong xuyen quan tam dfii moi dong bfi voi dfii mod tfi chiic va hoat dpng cua he thfing chinh tri, kgt hpp chat che voi dfii moi cac Hnh vuc kinh tg, van hoa, xa hpi, quoc phong, an ninh va xay dung Nha niroc phap quyen XHCN. Phuang thiic lanh dao ciia Dang dol vol he thong chinh tn tigp tiic dupc doi moi. Da ban hanh nhie~u quy chg, quy dinh, quy trinh cfing tac de thuc hien, bao dam giil viing vai tro Ianh dao ciia Dang, dfing thoi phat huy vai trfi, tinh chu dpng, sang tao va trach nhigm cila cic tfi chiic trong he thong chinh tri, nhSt la vai tro ciia Dang. Chfnh vi vay, quan digm va thg chg vg Nha nuoc phap quyen XHCN dupc bfi sung, hoan thien mpt buoc quan trpng va CO ban. Nhan thiic cila cac cap, cac nganh, ciia cin bfi, dang vien va nhan dan ve xay dung Nha nuoc phap quye'n XHCN cila nhan dan, do nhan dan, vi nhan dan cfi birac phat trifin.
Nhung kgt qua ngutrentuychuaphaila toan dien nhung vSn la bigu hien dSy dil, sinh dpng vg su lanh dao cua Dang Cpng san Viet Nam doi vfii qua trinh xay dung, hoan thien Nha nuoc phap quyen XHCN.
Digu do cang khing dinh rfi rang hon vi tri, vai tro lanh dao cua Dang doi vfii Nha nufic, rSng "Dang ta xirng dang la luc lupng lanh dao Nha nufic va xa hpi"^
Van kien Dai hpi XII ciing khach quan danh gia, Ihang t h i i chi ra nhiing han chg, bat cap trong qua trinh ddi moi su lanh dao cua Dang dfii voi viec xay dvmg, hoan thien Nha nuoc phap quyen XHCN, cu thg: "Ddi
mfii phuong thiic lanh daociiaD^gdSivdi Nha nuoc cfin cham,... phuong thiic lanh dao cua Ding doi vol Nha nucrc co npi dung cfin liing hing. Chua xac dinh ro nfii dung vi phuong thiic cam quyen"^. Dang chd y la: "Su phan dlnh giua vai tro lanh dao cua Ding va vai tro quin ly, difiu hanh cua Nha nuoc cfin nhung nfli dung chua rfi; phuong thiic va CO chg lanh dao ciia Dang doi voi Nha nuflc 6 cac cap con nhieu digm chua dupc chg dinh rfl va phii hop vfii nguyen tic ciia Nha nufic phap quyg'n"''.
2. Tnroc tinh hinh do, viec ddi moi, ting cufing su lanh dao ciia DSng dfii vfli xiy dimg, hoin thien Nha nufic phap quyfin XHCN khfing nhiing la yeu cau co ban, dp thigt trong digu kifin hien nay ma cfln tro thanh quygt tam chinh trj cua Ding vi li mpt trong nhiing nfli dung co ban, quan trpng ciia Vin kipn Dai hpi XII. Vi thg, khflng phii ng4u nhien trong cic ky Dai hpi gan day, Bktg lufin coi trpng va dg cao vSn de niy. Tai D?i hpi K, Ding khSng dmh: "Ting cufing vai tro lanh dao vi tigp tpc ddi moi phuang thiic lanh d^o cHa Ding ddi vol Nhi nufic"*. Dgn Dai hpi X, Dang chi ro: "Dfii moi phuong thiic lanh dao cHa Ding, trong dfi t Jp tnmg dfii mfii phuong thtic linh dao cua Ding dfii vfii Nha nufic"^ Tai Dai hpi XI, Ding ta tigp tpc xic dinh: "Tigp tuc day manh vigc xay dung vi hoin thien Nhi nuoc phip quygn XHCN, bio dam Nhi nufic ta thuc su li cua nhan dfin, do nhan dan va vl nhin dan, do Ding lanh dao"'.
Dgn Dai hpi XII, vfin dg nay mpt lin niia dupc nhfin manh: "Nang cao hipu qui thuc hi^n va hgp tuc ddi mfli manh me phuong thiic lanh dao ciia Dang dfii vfli he thong chinh tti, die biet la Nha nuflc"'.
Nfli each khic, van dfi ddi mfii, ting cuflng su lanh dao ciia Ding doi vdi xay dung, hoan thipn Nha nufic phip quyfin XHCN la rat cSp thifit hi^n nay. MJc dii vJy, TAP CHf Q U A N L* N H A Nl/(SC - S6 253 (2/20171
THI/C H I E N NGH! Q U Y ^ DAI Hdl XII COA D A N G
xay dimg Nha nuoc phip quygn XHCN la vfin dg moi doi vfli nuoc ta; la nhigm vu hgt Slic khfi khfin, phiic tap, lau dai nen khflng thg chu quan, nflng vol, hoan thanh trong
"mpt som mflt chiiu". Thuc hien tfit muc tigu, nhigm vu niy doi hoi mfit su tich cue, chii dpng, nfl luc va sing tao cao cila toin Dang, toan dan, ciia ca he thfing chinh tri;
vfli nhiing lfl trinh, bufic di, each thtic va giai phip mang tinh dfing bp, khoa hpc va kha thi. Trong dfi, theo Unh thfin Vin Wen Dai hpi XII cua Ding, vfin dg niy dupc thg hien tip trung 6 mflt sfi npi dung co bin sau:
Thu nbit, phan dinh ro chiic nfing Dang lanh dao, Nha nucc quin ly, tap tnmg dfiy manh ddi mfli phuong thiic lanh d?o ciia Dang doi vfli Nhi nufic.
Vipc phan dinh mpt cich ro rang vfli dfiy du ca sfi khoa hpc vg chiic ning Ding lanh d?o voi chiic ning quin ly cua Nha nuoc se gfip phan true tigp day manh ddi moi, ting cuflng SII lanh dao cua Ding ddi voi xay dpng, hoan thien Nhi nufic phap quygn XHCN 6 nuoc ta hien nay.
Mit khic, can tap trung day manh ddi mfli phuong thuc lanh dao cua Dang dfii vol Nha nufic theo hufing vira phii bio dim su lanh d?o ciia Ding, vtra phit huy tdt hon tinh chii dpng, sing tao cua Nha nuflc va cic co quan nha nuoc, vita tranh bao bipn, lim thay, vila ttanh buflng lfing lanh dao;
ddng thoi, xic dinh rfl nguygn tic, nfii dung, phuong phip, hinh thiie vi thfim quyfin, ttich nhiem eila chil thg lanh dao va ciia dfii tupng chiu su lanh dao bing cic nguyen tic, quy dinh, quy chg, quy trinh khoa hpc vi chfit che. Svr lanh dpo ciia Dang chu yeu phii thfing qua Nha nufic va phii hpp vfii tinh thfin phap luat, ttong khufin khd phap lupt chii khfing phii linh dao vol tu eich la mpt chil thg dpc lfip diing ngoai hay dimg tren Nha nuoc vi phip luat, bing menh l$nh, quyen uy chi dao. Trii lai. Dang lanh
dao Nha nuflc bing euong linh, ehien lupc, cac dinh hirong ve chinh saeh, chil truong Ion: "Dang lanh dao Nha nuoc bing eie ehil truang, chinh sich Ion, lanh dao the chg hfia eae quan digm, duong 161, ehu truong cila Dang thinh chinh sach, phip luat"'.
Tbii hai, hep mc ddi moi qua trmh the chg hfia ehil truong, dufing loi ciia Ding thanh hoat dpng eiia Nha nuoc.
Day khfing phii la van de mfii, nhung lai la vfin dfi cfi tinh nguygn tfic, viia nhfim bao dam tuan thii dung phuong thiie lanh dao ciia Dang doi voi Nha nufic phip quygn XHCN, viia de viec td chiic bp may nha nuflc sao cho Nha niroc thuc sti la co quan quyen luc the hien y ehi cua Ding cam quygn va cting la y ehi cila nhan dan. Mpi boat dpng ciia bfl may nha nuoc dgu thfi hien va thuc hien duflng ldi eila Dang. NhSn mpnh vfin de nay, Vin kien Dai hpi XII da chi ro: "Tigp tuc cu the hfla phuong thfic lanh dao ciia Dang da dupc xae dinh trong Cuong linh xay dpng dfit nuflc trong thfli ky qua dp len ehil nghla xa hfii (bd sung, phfit trifin nSm 2011) 6 tfit c4 cic cfip bing nhiing quy chfi, quy dinh, quy ttinh cu thfi"'°.
Theo tinh thin dfi, Nha nufic phai dua vio chii trucng, duflng lfii cua Ding mi xay dung thanh chinh sieh, phip luat dg thue thi cfl hieu qui chu tntang, dufing loi eila Ding. Nha nufic phii tieh ctie tuyen truygn, dpng vien, td chiic mpi tfing lflp nhan dan thuc hien chil truong, duong lfii eiia Ding.
Mit khac, day manh vipc hoan thien hp thfing phap luat gfin vfii td chiie thi hanh phfip lujt nhim nfing eao hieu luc, hipu qui cila Nha nufic phap quygn XHCN; thuflng xuyen tdng kgt thuc tifin qua tilnh trifin khai thue hien eac chu truong, duflng 161 cila Dfing dfii vfli Nha nuoe.
Thii ba, nang cao hieu luc, hipu qui cfing tic kiem tta, glim sat eua Ding dfii vfii Nha nuflc.
TAP CHl Q U A N LY N H A Nl/(SC - S6 J?^ (7/^017)
THI/C HI$N NGH! QUYfT BAI H 6 | XII COA B A N G Nguyen tfic, digu lp Dang da chl rfi, Ding lanh dao bing cong tac kiem tta, giim sfit, kg ca kigm tta, giam sat co quan nha nufic 6 cfip vl mfl. Thflng qua hoat dpng kigm tta, gifim sat. Ding se phat hipn ra nhiing han chg, bSt cap ttong hoat dfing cua Nha nufic dg kip thoi uon nfin, dfing thfli phat hien nhiing nhan tfi moi, nhOng van dg mfii niy sinh dg bd sung, hoan chinh dirong loi, chinh sach cho phii hprp voi su phit trign eiia thuc tifin.
Tuy nhifin, dfi gflp phfin ddi mfii, tang cufing stf lanh dao cua Ding ddi vfli xfiy dyng, hofin thien Nhi nuoc phip quygn XHCN, ddi hfii cflng tfic kigm tta, giim sit vfi ci vfin dg ky luat Dfing phii dupc "luat phfip hfla". Nhu Vfin kipn Dal hpi XII da nhfin manh: "Ddi mfli, ting cuflng, nang cao hipu i\fc, hieu qui cfing tic kigm tta, gifim sat cua cfip uy, td chiic ding, uy ban kifim tta cic cfip va chi bp,... TSng cufing kigm tta, gifim sat dfii vfii cfic ban cfin svi dang, dang doan, cac td chiic ding 6 cfic co quan nhi nuflc"".
Thi tu, cp thg hfia nguygn tic Ding thfing nhfit Ifinh dao cfing tfie ein bp va quin ly dpi ngu cfin bfl dip iing ygu cfiu cua cfing cupc xfiy dvng, hoan thipn Nhfi nufic phip quyfin XHCN Vipt Nam.
Vfin kien Dji hpi XII chi ro: "Quin Uifit va nghiem Uic thuc hifin quan difim Ding thfing nhfit Ifinh dao cflng tic cfin bp va quin ly dpi ngu cfin bp, di doi voi phit huy quygn va ttich nhiem cua cic tfi ehiic va ngufli filing dfiu cic td chiic ttong he thong chinh tti vg cflng tic cin bp"'^. Vi thg, Ding phii ttuc Ugp nfim vfin dg can bp, tii viee dinh ra duflng loi, chinh sich ein bp dgn vigc quygt dinh bfi tti ein bfl Ifinh dao chii chfit ttong cfic ca quan nha nufic. Ding Ifinh dao xiy dtmg Nha nuflc phfip quygn phii lufln ehu ttpng vipc dao tao, bfii duong xay dtmg dpi ngu ding vign, ein bp, cfing
chiic n h i nuflc cfl trinh dp, nfing bfC vfi pham chfit diio dlic cfich mpng. Dfing thfii, quan tfim lya chpn, gifli thipu dpi ngu cfin bp cua Ding efi ning lijrc chuyen mfin, p h ^ chfit dao diic vi bin Unh chinh trj viing vang dg ling cit ho Jc bfi nhipm vfio cic chiic danh chu chfit ttong bp miy nhi nuflc. Bgn c^nh dfl, Ding cung phii thvic hipn tfit cflng tfic kigm bra, gifim sfit dpi ngQ cfin bfi, cfing ehiic l i dfing vign vfi xCi I^ kifin quyet, nghigm minh doi vfli nhiing cfin bp, dang vien vi phpm phfip luat, kfi c4 nhiing cin bp, ding vifin giO nhiing ttpng trieh quan ttpng ttong bp miy n h i nuflc vi hp tiifing ehinh tri.
Xay dimg Nha nufic phfip quygn XHCN ft nuflc ta la cfing vipc hoan tofin mfii mg, rfit cfin sii tinh Uch e\ic, chii dpng vi sfing t?o ciia Ding Cpng sin Vipt Nam, nhfit li vai ttd vfi su lanh dpo eua Dfing. Chinh vi le dfi, chfim lo xfiy dung, hoan thifin Nhi nuftc phfip quygnXHCN da vfi dang ttfi tiiinh mpt ttong lihiing sii menh cao cfi ciia Ding ttong giai doan hipn nay. Nhting bfi sung, phit nign ly iu$n eua Ding vg xay dvmg vi hoin thien Nhi nuflc phfip quygn XHCN ttong van kipn Dpi hpi XII la mflt ttong nhting phuang thfic thigt thiic vi hipu qui dfi Ding ta hofin tiiinh ttpng ttfich lfin niyO
Onithfcii-
1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12. Ding Cpng sin Vi$t Nam. van ki$n D0 b0i d^ btSu toin quBc lin Ihli XII. van phfing Trung uong Ding, Ha Npi 2016, tt. 173, 191, 197, 174, 214, 214, 214 - 215, 208-209,206.
5. Ding Cpng sin VietNam. VSnki$nB^h0l d0 biSu toin quScIin thiiDL H. NXB Chlnh trj qufic gla, 2001, tt.l44.
6. Ding Cpng san VietNam. Vanki$nD^hfi a^ biiu loin qugc ISn thiiX. H. NXB Chlnh ti) qufic gia, 2006, tt. 51.
7. Ding cpng sin Vlfit Nam. Vinki$nDphdi d0 biiu toin qu6c lin thtiXI. H. NXB Chinh ti) qufic gia, 2006, tt. 246.
TAP CHf Q U A N Vi NHA NI/OC - Sd 253 (2/2017)
