Danh gia
tiem nang du Ijch nhan van tinh Bmh Djnh
LE THI THE BCfO*
Tom tat
Binh Dinh la mdt trong cdc dia phUOng co tiim ndng du lich nhdn vdn rdt phong phu. Trong nhffng nam qua, du lich Binh Dinh dd ed budc phdt triin mgnh me nhung xet ve tiem ndng du lich nhdn vdn hiin co, Binh Dinh vdn ehua khai thdc triet di. Trin eo sd ddnh gid ihuc trgng tiim ndng vd mffc do khai thdc cdc ldi nguyin du lich nhdn vdn tinh Binh Dinh, tdc gid di xud't cde gidi phdp nham gop phdn khai thdc hieu qud nguon ldi nguyin du lieh nhdn vdn cua dia phuong trong thdi gian ldi.
TH khda: du lich Binh Dinh, du Uch nhdn vdn. tdi nguyen du lich
Summary
Binh Dinh province has enormous potential for humanistic tourism. Over the past years, local tourism has experienced a strong development, however it has not yet taken fully advantage of the current potential. Thereby, the author proposes solutions to effectively exploit the humanistic lourism resources of the province in the future.
Keywords: Binh Dinh's tourism, humanistic tourism, tourism resources
GIOITHIEU
Binh Dinh la mdt trong 4 dia phffdng thudc viing Kinh td' Trpng diem mien Trung, Ben canh dd, Binh Djnh cdn cd nhffng ifu the' vffdt trdi ve gia trj tai nguyen du Ijch vdi bd bie'n dai 13km, dffdc thien nhidn ban tang vd sd' nhffng thang canh va bai bien dep, da phin cdn nguyen sd, nhff: Bai bien Quy Nhdn, Ghenh Rang, Hai Giang, Nhdn Ly, Phu Hau, Trung Lffdng, VTnh Hdi, Tdn Thanh, Mui Rong - Tan Phung, Tam Quan...
Ben canh ldi nguydn du Ijch thang canh, Binh Dinh cdn cd nhieu edng trinh van hda Ijch sff ca vat the Idn phi vdt the' cd gid trj du Ijeh, nhff: Thanh Do Ban vd he thd'ng di lieh 14 ngdi thdp Cham cdn kha nguyen ven. Nd dffdc thid't ke' vdi kie'n true ddc ddo va quy md do so nha't Viet Nam. Blnh Djnh tff hao la cdi ndi cua phong trao Khdi nghTa ndng ddn Tdy Sdn, que hffdng cua ngffdi anh hiing do vai Quang Trung - Nguydn Hue va Id ndi san sinh, nudi dffdng tai nang cffa
nhieu nha thd, nha van hda Idn cua Viet Nam, nhff:
Dao Duy Tff, Dao Ta'n, Xudn Didu, Che' Lan Vien, Han Mdc Tff, Yd'u Lan, Qudch Tan... Ndi de'n Binh Dinh la ndi de'n mpt mien dd't vd ndi tie'ng; eai ndi cua nghd thuat Tuong ddc ddo; Bdi chdi Binh Dinh cung cdc tinh Trung Bp dffdc cdng nhdn la Di san van hda phi vdt the' dai dien cua nhdn loai...
Mac du cd tiem nang Idn, nhffng so vdi mdt sd' dia phu'dng khde d khu vffe mien Trung, du Ijch tinh Binh Djnh edn qua non tre. Gid tri tai nguydn du lich ndi cliung, tai nguyen du lich nhdn van ndi rieng cua linh Binh Dmh hidn tai vdn chffa khai thdc he't. Vi the', trong nhffng nam tdi, dd' nganh du lich dia phffdng phat trie'n thi vide danh gia lai tiem nang du lich dia phffdng, nhd'l la tiem nang du lich nhan van Id can thie't de tff dd, dffa ra cac giai phdp thieh hdp nham ddnh thffc tiem nang nay dd' phat trien du lich tinh Binh Dinh trong thdi gian tdi la rd't ca'p bach.
CO sd LY LUAN VE TAI NGUYEN NHAN VAN DU LICH
Khai niem tai nguydn du Uch nhan van Khoan 2 (Dieu 13, Chffdng H), Ludt Du lich Viet Nam nam 2005 quy dinh: "Tai nguydn du lich nhdn
'Khoa Kinh te va Du lich, TrUdng Dai hoc Quang Trung
Ngdy nhgn bdi: 06/02/2020; Ngay phdn bien: 16/02/2020: Ngdy duyel ddng: 20/02/2020
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BANG 1: DAMH GlA TAI NGUYEN DU LjCH TINH BINH D|NH THEO KHA NANG KHAI THAC PHAT TRIEN DG LjCH
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Danh IQMC tki nguy&n
Cdc: dl tich lich sd Tay Sdn
Cac dl lich lich sil each mang, danh nhSn, van hda Cac di tich lich sS van hda Cham
Cac di tich lich su: ton giao Cac cong Irinh kinh le - xa hoi Cac 16 hoi
Cac lang nghe truyen thd'ng Tong so'
So tai nguySn
7 11 8 6 4 21 41 99
M)2cd$
Gid tri cao
3 1 7 3 4 21 41 SI
Gia trj vifa
4 9 1 3 0 0 0 17
it i-;gia tri
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 riguon. So heu tCf Vien tSghien cu'u Phat ti BANG 2: TAI MGOYEN NHAN VAN DANG KHAI THAC CHO DG L[CH
CGA TINH BINH DINH TINH DEN MAM 2018
TT
1 2 3 4 5 5 7
Danh miic
Cac di tich lich sii Tay Sdn
Cac di tich hch sS cdch mang, danh nhan, van hda Cac di tich hch siJ vin hoa Cham
Cac di tjch hch sil t6n gido Cdc cdng trinh kinh tg" xa hoi Cac le hpi
Cac lang nghe tniyen thong
Da khai thac du lich SaTliMng (Cdng trinh)
4 37,5 3 3 4 10 11
Ty ifi (%) 57,14
S 37,5 50 100 47,62 26,83
Hi^nco
7 37,5 8 6 4 21 41
van gom: truyen thd'ng van hda, cdc yd'u to' van hoa, van nghe dan gian, di tich lich sff, each mang, khao CO, kid'n true, cdc cdng trinh lao dgng sang tao cua con ngffdi va cac di san van hod vat the, phi vat the khdc cd the' dffdc sff dung phuc vu muc dich du lich".
Luat Du lich Viet Nam nam 2017 khdng de cap tdi khai nidm nay.
Cac loai hinh tai nguydn du lich nhan van Tai nguyen du lieh nhan van la nhffng cua eai vat chd't va tinh th^n do con ngffdi tao ra tff xffa dd'n nay cd the' thu hiit khach du lich de'n thffdng thffc. Trdn cd sd phan loai cua Ludt Du Iich va Luat Di san vdn hoa, dong thdi tham khao ke't qua phan loai cua 2 tac gia Nguyen Thi Minh Tue (2010) va Pham Trung Lffdng (2000), tai nguyen du lich nhan v_dn gom cac loai: Cdc di tich lich sff - van hda; Cae le hoi; Cac dd'i tffdng du lich gan vdi ddn tdc hpc; Lang nghe truyan thd'ng;
Cac dd'i tffdng van hda, the thao va hoat ddng nhan thffc khdc (nhff: cac trung tam khoa hoc, eac trffdng dai hoc, cde thff vien Idn, bao tang, cdng tnnh van hda ddc
sac...; hodc nhffng hoat ddng mang tinh sff kidn: cac giai thd' thao Idn, cac cuoc trien ldm thanh tifu kinh te' qud'c dan, cdc hoi chd, lien hoan phim anh qud'c td', ca nhac qud'c te...).
Phifcfng phap nghidn ct^u D^ danh gia dem nang du lich nhan van tinh Binh Dinh, tdc gia sff dung phffdng phap phan tich va tong hdp.
Phffdng phdp nay dffdc sff dung xuyen sud't trong bai nham ddnh gia, xau chudi cdc ndi^dung nghien cffu mot each eo logic dd' ngffdi doc cd thd' hie'u vd'n d l chinh xac va co do tin cdy cao.
Sd' lieu dffdc sff dung trong nghien cffu ndy dffdc lay tff cae bao cdo cua Sd Du lich Blnh Dinh, cd tham khao them bao cao cua Vidn Nghien cffu Phat trien du lich (Bd Van hda, The thao va Du lich) trong cac nam tff 2016-2018.
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KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU VA THAO LUAN
De ddnh gia tiem ndng du lich nhdn van cua tinh Binh Dinh, chung ta xem Bang 1 va Bang 2. Nhin vao 2 bang so' lieu nay cd th^ tha'y, sd' cdng trinh tai nguydn nhdn van cua tinh Binh Dinh rd't da dang ve loai hinh va phong phii ve sd' Iffdng. Tuy nhidn, tinh de'n nay, sd' cdng trinh dffdc ca'p phep dffa vao khai thac du lich chi chie'm ty le nhd trong sd' cdng trinh hien c6.
Hien tai, tren dia ban tinh Bmh Dinh CO 99 tai nguyen nhdn van cd the' khai thac va phat trie'n du lich. Trong do, so' cdng tnnh nhan van chiem sd' lifdng Idn nhat la lang nghe va dffdc Vien Nghien cffu Phat trien du lich ddnh gid Id ed gid tri cao de' phat tne'n du lich. Tuy nhidn.
Bang 2 cho thd'y, hidn nay, trdn dia ban tinh Binh Dinh mdi chi cd 11/41 lang nghe truyen thd'ng (chid'm 26,83%) dffdc dffa vao khai thdc cho du lich. Ne'u lang nghe truyen thd'ng dffdc dffa vdo khai thdc toan bd, thi chi rieng die'm de'n la lang nghe, tinh Binh Dinh da cd dd'n 41 die'm dd'n cho du khach.
Tinh Binh Dinh hidn cd 21 Id hdi huyen thdng dffdc dien ra rai rdc trong nam. Tuy nhidn hoat ddng cua cac le hdi ehi dien ra d dia phffdng va nham phuc vu chd cdng d6ng ddn cif xung quanh, chff chffa dffdc cap phep khai thdc, cung nhu"
c6 cdc hoat ddng dau tir xuc tie'n, quang ba trufdc, trong vd sau l l hgi. Do dd, tinh lan toa cua Id hdi trong edng dong chffa cao, chffa de'n dffdc vdi ngffdi ddn trong ca nffdc va du khdch qud'c te'. Hien tai, sd' Ih hdi dffdc dffa vao khai thac du lich chi chie'm 47,62% trong td'ng sd' cac Id hdi dang trdn dia ban tinh Binh Dinh.
Cdc di tich lich sff each mang, danh nhdn, vdn hda cua Tinh cung khdng it, vdi 11 cdng trinh, nhu'ng mdi chi ed 1 cdng trinh dffdc danh gia cd gid tri khai thac cao, con lai chi cd gia tri khai thac vffa. Ke't qua ddnh gia nay cung triing khdp vdi sdcdng tnnh dffa vdo khai thac du lich, chi cd l / I l cdng trinh di tich lich sff each mang, doanh nhan, van hda du'dc dffa vao khai thac, chi chid'm 9,09%
td'ng sd'cdng trinh. Dieu dd chffng to cdc cdng trinh ndy con nguydn sd chffa dffdc
"ddng de'n" dd' phuc vu cho du lich.
Qua dd cho tha'y tinh trang lang phi tdi nguyen du Iich nhan van cua nganh du lich tinh Binh Dinh hien nay.
Di tich hch sff van hoa Cham cung la mdt net Iich sff van hda dae trffng cua tinh Binh Dinh. VI vay, khai thac die'm dac tri/ng ndy la mdt ldi the' cho du lich Binh Dinh. Tuy nhidn, hidn nay, trong 8 cum di tich van hda Cham, cd 7 cum di tich con dffdc Iffu giff nguyen ven va dffdc danh gia la cd gia tri cao trong khai thdc du lich. Diiu dang lifu y la, thffc te' lai chi cd 3 cum van hda Cham dffdc khai thac du lich, chie'm 37,5% so' edng trinh di tich vdn hoa Cham tren dia ban. Vi vdy, tiem nang cho vide khai thac di tich lieh sff van hda Cham eon khd Idn.
Di tich lich sff van hda Nha Tdy Sdn cung la mdt trong nhffng danh muc tai nguyen van hda nhan van phuc vu cho du lich. Day Id tai nguydn difdc khai thdc td't nhd't trong danh muc cac tai nguyen nhan van cua tinh Binh Dinh. Hidn nay, cd 7 cdng trinh di tich van hoa Tdy Sdn cdn ton tai, trong do chi cd 4 di tich (chid'm 57,14% di tich lich sff Tdy Sdn) dffdc danh gid CO gid tri khai thdc du lich cao va dang dffdc khai thdc.
Mac du du'dc xem la dia diem van hda nhan van khai thac td't nhd't, nhffng theo khao sat cua tdc gia, thi hien tai, ty Id chffa khai thac cua cac di tich ndy van con rd't Idn.
Mdt tai nguyen khac la di tich lieh sff tdn giao tren dia ban tinh Blnh Dinh cung kha dac sdc, vdi 6 cdng trinh di tich con t6n tai, nhffng chi cd 3 cdng trinh (chid'm 50% tong so' cde di tich lich sff tdn giao) dffde ddnh gia cd gia tri cao va dang da difdc difa vao khai thac du lich.
V H Mac du CO tiem ndng Ida,
^ ^ nhiAig so vdi mOt sd' dUa phitdng khac d khu vi^c mien Trung, du lich tinh Bmh Dinh con qua non tre. Gia trj tai nguy§n du lich noi chung, tai nguyen du lich nh^n vdn noi ri§ng cua tinh Binh Dinh hidn tai van chiTa khai thachd'it. UJ
MOT SO GIAI PHAP CAN THU'C HIEN
Mac du trong nhffng nam gan day, cung vdi xu the' phat trien chung cua xa hgi, Binh Dmh da y thffc difdc tiem nang cua minh ca ve dia the', tai nguyen du lich, ndn da cd nhffng chinh sach khuye'n khich dau tffphat trie'n eho nganh. Tuy nhien, la dia phffdng cdn "non tre" trong hoat ddng kinh doanh du Iich, nen tai nguyen du hch, dien hinh Id tai nguyen du Iieh van hda cua Binh Dinh con khd "nguyen sd", nhiiu gia tri van hda, nhan van vdn chffa dffdc dau tff va khai thac.
De' cd the' phdt trie'n nguon tai nguyen du lieh nhdn vdn cua tinh Binh Dinh, trong thdi gian tdi, can thffc hien cde giai phap sau:
95
Thff nhd'l, tinh Binh Dinh ndi ehung, nganh du lich Binh Dinh noi rieng can rd soat Iai toan bd quy hoach v l phdt trien du lich tong th^ trdn todn dia bdn Tinh, dac bidt la mang du lieh nhdn van va cd nhffng dinh hffdng phdt trie'n cu the cho mang ndy.
Bdn canh do, dd' phdt trie'n du lich nhdn van Binh Dinh mang Iai ke't qua cao, song song vdi quy hoach tong the, thi can ehi tid't hda cdc ke' hoach thffc hidn, dff bdo hieu qua cua vide trien khai quy hoach cu the' d cac diem, tuyd'n du lich nhan van tai cac dia phffdng trdn dia bdn Tinh d^ cd thd' khai thdc mdt cdch td't nhd't nguon tai nguydn du Iich cua dia phu'dng. Dong thdi, tren cd set "Quy hoach td'ng the phat trie'n thffdng mai - dich vu - du Hch de'n nam 2020, tam nhin dd'n nam 2030", Tinh phai dam bao td't cdng tac quan ly, thffc hidn quy hoach theo dung trinh tff, cdc quy dinh cua phap luat, phai chuan hi day du cac dieu kien va thdng tin de' hd trd cac nha diu tff va kdu goi d^u tff khai thdc du lich.
Thff hai, Sd Du lich can tham mffff cho UBND Tinh nhanh chdng cap phep khai thac du lich doi vdi cdc diem den du lich nhdn van trdn dia ban TP. Quy Nhdn va cac huydn lan can nham tao ra mdt quan the' du lich tap trung de' du khach, cung nhff cdc ddn vi Iff hdnh dd dang thie't kd' tour cho chuye'n du lich cua minh.
Bdn canh do, vide tdn tao, chinh trang, tao quang canh xung quanh eac die'm de'n du lieh nhdn van nhdm tao ndn mdt didn mao "chuydn nghiep" cho mdt diem de'n la va'n d l can dffdc chu trpng dau tff.
Thff ba, tie'p nd'i vdi giai phdp thff hai la can huy ddng nguin vd'n cho vide dau tff, tdn tao cdc diem de'n nhdn van dffde de xua't d giai phap thff hai. Sff dung da dang cdc hinh thffc huy dgng vd'n tff ngdn sach (Trung ffdng vd dia phffdng), tff khu vtfc tff nhan (xd hdi hda tff doanh nghidp, ca nhdn dau tff cho du lich) va tff nguon nffdc ngoai (FDI va ODA thdng qua cac hidp dinh).
Thff tu, trong bd'i canh nhdn lffc cua ngdnh du lich Binh Dinh vffa thie'u v l sd Iffdng, vffa ye'u v l chd't Iffdng thi de nang cao chd't Iffdng du lich va thuc day nganh du lich phdt trien, tinh Binh Dinh c^n ee ke' hoach dao tao, xdy dffng nguon nhan lffc du lich ding bd ca ve so'lffdng, chd't Iffdng; dam bao chuyen mdn, nghiep vu va nhffng yd'u td' can thie't dd' dap ffng cho vide phat trien du lich trong bd'i canh mdi, nang
ddng vd canh tranh gay '. '^- Trong do, giai phap trtfdc mdt '^ Du lich tham mffu cho UBND '. '••' Binh Dinh dat hang cho cac cdsd giao due dai hoc ddng tren dia ban Tinh to chffc dao tao theo cdc Idp, cdc khda dao tao dai han, ngan ban, chinh quy hoac khdng chinh quy ve du lich. Nhd dd, cung ca'p du sd lu'dng nhan lffc eo trinh do chuyen mon nghidp vu, ddp ffng nhu cau phdt tne'n eua nganh du lich cua Tinh.
Thff ndm, d^y manh cdng tdc tuyen truyin, xuc tid'n, quang ba du hch. Cin CO cdc chie'n Iffdc, cung nhff cac chinh sach ve phan phd'i, xiic tid'n, cd ddng mot each dong bd. Trong dd bao gom:
vide md rgng cdc kenh lien ke't vdi khdch hdng, dd'y manh tuydn truyin, quang ba hinh anh cua dia phffdng gan vdi cac tuye'n, diem du lich.
Thff sdu. bdn canh cdc san pha'm du lich, thi vide dau tff xdy dffng kd't ca'u ha tang, ky thuat de phuc vu phat trien du lich noi chung va du lich nhdn van ndi rieng la can thie't. Do vdy, c^n tid'p tuc day manh viec tfu tidn phan hS, h5 trd ngudn lffc tff ngan sach cho phat trien ha tang du lich, khuye'n khich, kdu goi, huy ddng ddu tff tff cdc nguon lffc trong vd ngoai dia phtfdng, trong va ngoai ntfdc vao cac dtf an nham phat trien du lich nhdn van.
Vide ndng ca'p, xay dtfng ha tang cua dia phtfdng phai dtfdc phat tnen dong bd tren ed sd xay dtfng cac cdng trinh thugc kd't cau ha t^ng thid't yd'u, vdi quy md Idn dd' phuc vu du lich.
Dac biet la quan tam vao phat trie'n he thong cd sd Itfu tru, nang ca'p dau ttf hd thong khdch san, resort nghi dffdng cao ca'p, nha hang, he thd'ng trung tdm thffdng mai va cdc khu vui chdi gidi tri dd tao ra stf doi mdi, khac bidt va sffc hap dan manh, thu hut moi dd'i ttfdne khach du lieh.lH ' "
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O - — — _ 1. Qudc hdi (2005). Ludt Du lich, so 44/2005, ngay 14/06/2005
2. Qud'c hdi (2017). LudlDu lich, sd 09/2017/QH14, ngay 19/06/2017
3. Sa Du lich tinh Binh Dinh (2016, 2017, 2018). Bdo cda Tong ket Phong Di .'.dn vdn hda cdc ndm, tff 2016 din 2018
A. Vidn Nghien cffu Phat trie'n du lich (2018). Bdo cdo thffc trgng tdi nguyin di, hch tinh Binh Dinh theo khd ndng khai thdc phdt triin du lich
5. Phan Hie'u (2019). Du lich Binh Dinh sdn sdng "cdt ednh", truy cap tff hiip;//baovanhoa vn/van-hoa/artmid/428/articleid/20107/binh-dinh-san-sang-dua-du-lich-%E2%80%9Ccat- eanh%E2%80%9D
