KINH TE
MOT SO DANH GIA VE THl/C TRANG, NHU CAU VA TIEM NANG PHAT TRIEN
ccf DIEN TI/ Cf VIET NAM
'DINH NHAT ANH
TOM TAT:
Sif xuS't bidn cua cudc each mang cdng nghidp 4.0 da mang tdi cac yeu cau thay ddi d quy md chffa tffng cd trong cd ndn kinh te' ndi chung, cung nhff trong cac nganh cdng nghiep d Viet Nam ndi ridng. Nganh Cdng nghiep Cd dien tu" dffdc coi la linh vffc quan trpng lam "ban dap"
de dffa da't nffdc bat kip nhip phat trien ciia cudc each mang cdng nghiep nay. Bai vie't dffa ra cac phSn tich ve tbffc trang, danh gia ve nhu cau, tiem nang phat trien nganh Cdng nghiep Cd didn tff 6 nffdc ta.
Tif khda: Cd didn tii", cd khi chd' tao, tff ddng hda, robot.
1. Dat va'n de
Cdng nghe cd dien tff la mdt cdng nghe ttien vong cua the' ky XXI, la mdt hffdng ffu tidn ed ban eua phat trien nganh Cd khi chd' tao - tff ddng hda trong sff nghiep cdng nghidp boa, bidn dai hda ntfdc nha.
Trong vai ttd la mot ITnh vifc cong nghd cao vdi sff kd't hdp tff tbanh tffu khoa hoc ciia nhieu nganh cdng nghd chu chd't nhtf cd kbi, cdng nghe thdng tin, ky thu§t didn tff, ky thuat dieu khien, vat lieu mdi.., cd didn tff dang ngay mdt khang dinh vi tri vdi muc tieu tao ra nhffng san pham thdng minh, ffu viet va ed nhffng tinh nang vtfdt ttdi phuc vu con ngffdi.
Mac dii cd didn tff chffa dffdc lidt kd vao danh muc cac nganh cong nghiep tai Viet Nam ma chi tdn tai dffdi dang mdt linh vffc trong nganh cdng nghiep che' tao - che'bie'n nhffng nganh cong nghiep nay ddng vai trd Idn ttong noi ham cua cudc each mang cdng nghiep 4.0 hidn nay va cOng la chia khda cho nen Cdng nghiep Viet Nam ndi chung vdi kha nang day manh hieu qua kinh td' bang nhffng san pha'm co tinh thdng minh va gia tti gia tang cao.
Tff van de mang tinh cap thidt nay, bai vidt tap trung nghidn effu nham dtfa ra mot so' nh$n dinh ve nhu cau va tiem nang phat trien nganh Cdng nghiep Cd Dien tff Viet Nam trong thdi gian tdi.
2. Danh gia ve nhu c^u phat trien Cd Dien tu*
d Vidt Nam
2.1. Ddi vdi thi trUifng trong ni^c Viet Nam la mdt trong sd it cac qudc gia cd kha nang duy tri mffe tang trffdng kha cao trong sud't mdt thap nidn vffa qua vdi ehi so tang GDP trung binh la 6,5% - 7%/nam. Sff tang trffdng kinh td' dn dinh va ben vffng trong thdi gian qua da gdp phan khdng nho lam thay doi thdi quen tidu dung cua ngffdi Viet Nam va tao ra mdt nhu cau va thi trffdng rdng Idn cbo cac san pham cd didn tff trong tieu diing, ciing nhff cac san pham cd didn tff khac. Sau day la vi du dd'i vdi mdt sdnganh bang cu the:
- Ddi vdi nganh Co klii che tao: Theo dff bao cua Hiep bdi Ddanh nghidp cd khi Viet Nam (VAMl), tff nay dd'n nam 2030, tdng nhu cau ve may mdc, thid't bi ttong nffdc cd gia tri len tdi
Sd22-Thang 12/2019 75
khoang 350 ty USD, trong do, nganh Cdng nghiep Chd' tao thid't bi ddng bd la 8 de'n 10 ty USD/nam;
nganh Cdng nghidp San xuCt d td la 18 ty USD/nam; nganh Cdng nghiep Chd' tao may ndng nghiep, may canh tac, may che'bie'n sau thu hoach la 3 ty USD/nam; nganh Cdng nghiep Kbai thac va chd' bid'n khoang san la 3 ty USD/nam; nganh Dffdng sat la 30 ty USD; hd thdng tau dien ngdm la 20 ty USD va nganh Cdng nghiep chd' tao thid't bi cdng nghiep lieu chuan la 2 ty USD/nam, Trong khi do, cung theo bao cao cua VAMl, nganh Cd khi hidn nay mdi cbi dap ffng khoang 32% so vdi nhu cau san pham cd khi trong ntfdc. Vdi tiem nang thi trffdng Idn ciia nganh Cd khi che tao nhff tren, nhu cau cac san pham cd didn tff cbo nganh nay cung se rat Idn.
- Ddi vdi nganh Dien: Theo Quy hoach dien VII, tff nam 2012 den nam 2030, nffdc ta se cd khoang 40 nha may nbiet dien than cdng sua't 1.200 MW dffdc xay dffng vdi gia tri thid't bi va xay lap khoang 64 ty USD. Den nam 2025, tdng cdng sua't cac nha may dien khoang 96.500 MW. Theo Quye't dinh so 1791/QD-TTg ngay 29/11/2012 cua Thu ttfdng Chinh phu phd duyet c0 che' thu'c bien thi diem thie't ke', ehe' tao trong nifdc thie't bi cac nha may nbiet dien trong giai doan 2012 - 2025 va Quye't dinh so 1670/QD-TTg ngay 08/11/2012 cua Thu tffdng Chinh phu phd duyet De an phat ttien Lffdi dien Thdng minh tai Vidt Nam, ne'u nganh Cd kbi cbe' tao trong nffdc du'dc cha'p nhan trien kbai thid't kd', che' tao va cung cap cac thie't bj cho cac nha may nbiet didn than, cac nha may didn gid, didn mat trdi cung nhff lu'di didn thdng minh thi dung Iffdng thi ttffdng cac san pham cd dien tff va he ed dien tff phuc vu nganh Didn se vd cung Idn.
- Bdi vdi nganh Hang khong - VU tru (qudn sU vd ddn St/): Trong xu the bdi nhap kinh te' toan cau va bdi canh chinb tri the' gidi bien nay, viec duy tri trang thai dn dinh, san sang boat ddng mdt each linh boat, tin cay, thdng qua sffa chffa, thay the, nang cap cac loaj phffdng tien quan stf cung nhff cung cap mdi de dam bao phat trien kinh td' - xa hdi va an ninh qudc phdng la rat quan trpng. Dd'i vdi nganh Khoa hpc va Cdng nghd vu ttu, trong "Chid'n Iffdc nghien effu va ffng dung cdng nghe vu tru dd'n nam 2020" da dffdc Thu tu'dng Chinh phu phd duyet tai Quye't dinh sd 137/2006/QD - TTg ngay 14/6/2006, muc tidu dd'n nam 2020 la "Vidt Nam
phai lam chu cdng nghd cbe' tao cae tram mat dat, ttf cbe'tao cac ttam mat da't cd gia canh tranh; lam chu cdng nghe ve tinh nhd, tff thid't ke' va chd' tao ve tinh nho quan sat tra i dat thay the' mdt phan nhu e^u mua anh vd tinh cua nffdc ngoai; lam chu dffdc cdng nghd va ky thuat ten Iffa; hoan chinh he thd'ng cac tram dinh vi nbd vd tmh va dffa cac ffng dung ciia cdng nghe vQ tru vao phuc vu rdng rai va thifdng xuyen cho nhu can cua cae nganh san xua't, dich vu, giao due, y td',... md rdng va tbffdng mai hda cac san pham ffng dung cdng nghe vu tru". Nhffng muc lieu ndu tren cua ITnh vffc bang khdng - vu ttii chi cd the giai quye't dffdc khi nganh Cdng nghiep Cd dien tff phat trien mdt each toan didn.
- Ddi vdi nganh Dong tdu: Viet Nam nam d vi tti trung tam Ddng Nam A, nam trdn tuye'n van tai bien nhdn nhip tff chau Au, Trung Ddng va chau A Thai Binh Dffdng vdi 144 cang, 2 he thd'ng sdng ndi dia Idn la sdng Hdng va sdng Me kdng la didu kien thuan Idi de phat trien kinh td'bien cung nhff nganh Hang hai, ddng tau. Theo Tong cdng ty Cdng nghidp tau thiiy (SBIC), nam 2017, gia tri ITnb vffc ddng tau dat hdn 3.071 ty ddng, b'ang 69% ke hoach. Cac ITnh vffc khac deu tang kha, nhff: Sffa chffa tau dat 488,3 ty ddng, bang 125% kd' hoach;
cdng nghiep phu trd dat 264,5 ty ddng, blng 123%
ke hoach. Ciing vdi nhu cau van tai dang dan tang eao ttong nhffng nam gan day, ngoai cac loai tau van tai dan dung, Viet Nam cdn cd nhu cau Idn ve cac loai tau quan sif nhlm tang cffdng sffc manh qud'c gia tten bien, qua dd cbo tha'y cd hdi va tiem nang cbo phat trien nganh Dong tau la rat Idn.
- Ddi vdi nganh Che tao thiet bi y te: Theo sd lieu cua Bd Y te', long vd'n dau tff thi trffdng thid't hi va vat tff y te' Viet Nam cd tdc do tang trffdng manh.
Tdng vd'n dau ttf vao trang thid't bi y te tai Viet Nam nam 2010 tfdc dat 515 ttidu USD, dd'n nam 2016 tdng vdn d^u tff la 950 trieu USD va de'n nam 2017 con sd nay tang Idn 1,1 ti USD. Tinh dd'n nam 2016, ca nffdc cd khoang 1.346 benh vidn, trdng do benh vien cdng chie'm 86.3% (tffdng dffdng 1.161 benh vien). Trong sd 1.161 benh vidn cdng cd 38 benh vidn cap Trung ffdng (trffc thudc Bd Y te), tren 900 bdnh vien cap tinh tbanh (trtfc thudc Sd Y te), cdn lai thudc cac Bd nganh khac va cae tap doan nha nffdc. Sd Iffdng phdng kham va trung tam y te cdng cap tinh tbanh la hdn 2.600 cd sd, cting bang cbuc ngan trung tam y te ca'p quan, huyen, xa khac. Cd
76 So 22-Thang 12/2019
KINH IE
the tha'y day la mdt tbi ttffdng d^y tilm nang cbo eac thid't bl Cd dien tff ffng dung trong y td'.
- Bdi vdi nganh Che tao robot: Cang ngay, nhu cau sff dung cac robot trong cac ITnb vifc san xua't cdng nghiep cang Idn. Theo thd'ng kd eua Lien doan Robot qud'c te' (IFR - Intemattonal Federation of Robotics), nam 2017, da cd 126 ngan robot dffdc eung cap cbo nganh Cong nghiep d td, tang 22% so vdi nam 2016; co 121 ngan robot cho nganh Cdng nghidp dien - dien tff, tang 33% so vdi nam 2016;
cd 45 ngan robot cbo nganh kim loai, tang 55% so vdi nam 2016. Hinh 1 la bieu dd vd so Iffdng robot cdng nghiep da dffdc cung c§'p cho cac nganh cong nghidptrdnthd'gidittongcac nam 2015 -2017.
Dang ghi nhan la Viet Nam dffng vi tri thff 7 trong cac thi trifdng robot cdng nghidp hang dau the gidi trong nam 2017, vdi sd' Iffdng robot dffdc cung cap cbo cac nganh cdng nghidp la 8.300 robot, tang 410% so vdi 2016. Hinh 2 la bidu dd ve 15 thi trffdng robot cong nghidp bang dau nam 2017.
Hinh 1: Bieu do ve sd' lifdng robot cong nghiep di/dc cung ca'p cho cac nganh cong nghiep tren thS' gldl trong cac nam 2015, 2016 va 2017
Cdng nghiep 6 to Qien/Dien IIF Kim loai Mhira va SP hoa ch^[
ThiFc pham va do uong Khac Khong xac dinh
^ ^ ^ _ _ . ' 2 Q _ 1 7
K f +19%
• 2016 •2015
KH +55%
K l +22%
M l +33%
20 40 60 100 120 140
Nguon: IFR World Robotics 2018 (Dan vi tinh: 1.000 robot) Hinh 2: Bleu dS vS IS thj tri/dng robot cong nghiep hang ddu nam 2017
Trung Quoc Nhat Han Quoc
Qai Loan Viet Nam y
Phap Singapore Tay Ban Nha Canada An Do Thai Lan
• • 45.6 I 39.7
I 7.7 I 6.3
Nguon: IFR World Robotics 2018(Danvitinh 1.000 robot)
So 22-Thang 12/2019 77
Thong qua cac bieu dd nay cd the tha'y nhu cau phat trien va ffng dung cac loai robot ttong cdng nghiep cung nhff cac ITnb vffc khac cua nen kinb le - xa hdi cua thd' gidi ndi chung, cua Viet Nam ndi ridng la rat Idn, dac bidt trong giai doan cua cudc each mang cdng nghiep 4.0 hidn nay.
- Ddi vdi nganh Che tao 6 to. xe mdy: Vdi sff phat trien cua each mang cdng nghidp 4.0, ty Id tff ddng hda trong cac nha may cbe tao d td, xe may da tang Idn rd ret. Sd lu'dng robdt dffdc sff dung tren ciie day chuyen cdng nghd la ra't Idn (vi du nhu: d VINFAST sff dung 1200 robot). Theo thd'ng kd cua Hidp hdi Robot qud'c td' (IFR), tten the gidi robot dffdc sff dung trong nganh Cbe tao d td chid'm khoang 33,2%. Vdi mdt thi trifdng dang ndi va mdt nganh Cdng nghidp d td dang dffdc Nha nffdc Viet Nam ehu trpng phat trien ttong giai doan de'n nam 2025, tam nhin dd'n nam 2035, dffdia tbi trffdng cac san pham cd didn tff cho nganh Che'tao dtd xemay la rat Idn.
- Ddi vdi Cong nghiep tieu dung: Vdi thi tnfdng gan 100 tridn dan va gan 27 trieu hd gia dinh, nhu cau sff dung may anh ky thuat so', didn thoai di ddng, dieu boa ky thuat sd', 16 vi sdng, ndi cdm didn, may giat, tu lanh thong minh, d td cd cac he thd'ng lai tff dong, cac he thd'ng an loan kieu mdi,...
ngay cang cao dang dat ra cho nganh Cdng nghiep Cd didn tff nhidm vu rat nang ne. Lam the nao de chid'm ITnh thi tru'dng nay la bai loan ma Nha nu'dc eung nhu' tap the cac nha khoa hoc, cac doanb nghidp boat ddng trong ITnh vifc Cd dien iff phai suy nghT va sdm cd cac giai phap cu the. Theo bao cao tff Vu Thi tu'dng trong nffdc (Bd Cdng Thu'dng), nhu cau mua samcac thie't bi dien gia dung, thid't bi nhabe'p tai Vidt Nam se tang cao cbo tdi nam 2025.
Quy md thi trffdng nganh bang gia dung trong nffdc Ifdc tinh khoang 12,5 - 13 ty USD, tang trffdng bdn 10%/nam dang keo theo nhieu "ngffdi chdi" mdi quan tam, dac bidt la cac doanh nghiep gia dung ngoai nhif Korihome (thudc Tap doan Tecomen), Tap doan Muji, Nagakawa va Zojirushi (Nhat), bay
"dai gia" do gia dung Electrolux cua Thuy Dien.
Vdi quy md thj trffdng nhif vay, nd'u Nha nu'dc cung nhu' tap the cac nha khoa hpc, cac doanh nghiep hoat ddng trong ITnh vffc Cd dien tff khdng tap trung dau tu' va cd nhffng giai phap hdp ly tbi thi trffdng nay dang va se thuoc vao tay bau he't cae nha dau tff nffdc ngoai.
Vdi dSn so gan 100 trieu dan, mdt nen kmh td'cd mffe do tang trffdng dn dinh va tffdng dd'i cao (gin 7%), mdt qud'c gia dang chu ddng va san sang tham gia vao cudc each mang cdng nghidp 4.0, mot vai so lieu ve nhu cau tbi trffdng cua mdt sd nganh hang neu trdn, cd the tha'y tiem nang tbi trffdng cho cac san pham cd dien tff va be cd didn tff d Viet Nam bidn tai va ttong tffdng lai se la rat Idn.
2.2. Ddi vdi thi trt£fng xuat khau
Thanh cdng trong chinb sach dd'i ngoai cua nffdc ta da md ra trien vpng cho xuS't khau san pb^m cdng nghiep. Theo cac chuyen gia trong va ngo^i nffdc, thi trffdng cd didn tff cua the gidi bien nay va thdi gian tdi tie'p luc phat trien vdi tdc dd nhanh chdng. My la nifdc di dau trong linh vffc cong nghiep cd dien tff, cd tbi trffdng Idn nha't the' gidi, la ndi tieu tbu cae mat hang cd didn tff cua cae nffdc Nhat, Han Qudc, Trung Qud'c, Dai Loan va mdt sd nffdc Ddng Nam A. Thi trffdng cua My cd quy md khoang 500 ty USD/nam, tdng san Iffdng nganh Cdng nghidp Cd dien tff cua My khoang tren 1000 ty USD. Nhat la nu'dc dffng thff bai sau My ve phat trien cung nhff dung Iffdng thi trffdng tidu thu cac san pham cd dien tff va be cd dien tff. Cac nffdc ASEAN va cac nffdc chau A xung quanh ta cung co xu hffdng phat trien va tidu thu nhieu cac san pham ciia nganh cong nghidp nay.
Vi du dd'i vdi eac san pham robot, nam 2014, T|p doan BCG (Boston Consubing Group) dff bao thi trffdng robot toan cau se dat 67 ty USD vao nam 2025. Trong nam 2017 dff bao nay eua BCG da thay ddi, vao nam 2025 tbi \rddn% robot loan cau se dat 87 ty USD. Bdn canh do, theo dff bao cua Tractica, thi tru'dng robot toan cau se tang trffdng deu ttong giai doan 2016 - 2022 vdi doanh thu dat khoang 31 ty USD vao nam 2016 va 237.3 ty vao niim 2022, Idn hdn nhieu .so vdi dff bao cua Tap doan BCG.
Ridng dd'i vdi robot cdng nghiep, theo thd'ng ke cua Lien doan Robot qud'c td' (IFR - International Federation of Robotics), robot cdng nghiep tao an tffdng vdi sd Iffdng dtfdc ban ra vao nam 2017 trdn toan eau la 381 ngan, tang 30% so vdi nam 2016.
Giai doan 2018 - 2021 dff bao tang mdi nam la 14%
va cd de'n 1,7 tridu robot cdng nghiep se dffdc lap mdi trong cae xffdng san xua't tren khap the' gidi.
Tren hinh 3 la Bieu dd ve so Iffdng robot cdng nghidp dffdc ban trdn toan cau giai doan 2009 - 2017 va dff bao cho giai doan 2018 - 2021.
78 So 2 2 - T h a n g 12/2019
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Hinh 3: Bieu dS ve sd' lildng robot cong nghiep dUcic ban tren toan cau giai doan 2009 - 2017 va dit bao cho giai doan 20IS - 2021
+14% trung binh moi nam
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Nguon- IFR World Robotics 2018 (Bmvllinh: 1.000 robot)
t: Bieu do ve so tifdng robot cong nghiep dUdc bdn d cac Ichu vtfc trong cac ndm 2017 vd dif bdo cho cdc ndm til 2018 den 2021
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Khu vffc cd tdc dp tang nbanh so' lifdng robot cdng nghidp la chau A, cd mffe tang 37% so vdi 2016. Trdn Hinh 4 la Bieu do ve so Iffdng robot cdng nghiep dffdc ban d eac khu vffc trong cac nam 2016.
2017 va dff bao cho cac nam tff 2018 dd'n 2021.
Thdng qua mdt sd dff bao ve tbi trffdng robot toan cau trong nhffng nam sap tdi nhff da neu d trdn, cd the tha'y, tiem nang thi trffdng xuat khau cac san pham robot ndi rieng, cac san pham cd
didn tff va be cd didn tff ndi chung ra tbi trffdng khu vifc va the' gidi la rat Idn. Dieu quan trong la cac doanh nghidp nganh Cdng nghiep cd kbi chd' tao (trong do bao gdm ca cac doanh nghiep nganh Cdng nghiep Cd dien tff) cd manh dan dau tff cdng nghd, thie't bi va cac phifdng tbffc quan tri bidn dai, cung nbtf nhanh chdng tie'p can va chid'm linh thj trffdng trong bd'i canh canh tranh ngay cang kbd'c lidt hay khdng.
So 2 2 - T h a n g 12/2019 79
3. Danh gia vd tidm nang phat tridn crfdi^n tuT Viet Nam
Sau day, bai vid't xin dffdc dffa ra mdt sd mot sd nhan xet chung v^ ttdm nang phat trien cd dien ttf cua Viet Nam nhff sau:
- Viet Nam la qud'c gia mdi phat trien nganh Cdng nghiep Cd dien tff, nhffng ed Idi the la cd ngudn lao ddng ddi dao vdi ty Id dan trong do tudi lao ddng (15 - 64) chie'm tdi 69,3%, gia nhan cdng ehi b0ng 15 - 20% so vdi cac nffdc trong kbu vffc ASEAN va tap ttung dtfdc Iffc lifdng can bd khoa hpc va nhan Iffc lao ddng cd kha nang tid'p can nhanh ttinh dp khoa hpc va cdng nghe tidn den de phat ttidn ITnh vife nay. Day la nguon nhan life rat quy gia nd'u cac nha dau tif, doanh nghiep ttong ITnh vffc cd didn tff cd nhffng cbinh sach khuye'n khich, sff dung hdp Iy.
- Viet Nam hien dang cd nhieu doanh nghidp, tap doan Idn cd the' manh ve ngudn life tai chinh, nhan Iffc cung nbif cdng nghd cd the dan dat nganh Cdng nghidp Cd didn tff phat trien va hdi nhap qudc td'. Cd the ke dd'n nhffng vi du dien hinh nhff: (i) Cdng ty CP Otd Trffdng Hai (THACO) vdi gia tri xua't khau linb kien phu tilng nam 2018 dat hdn 20 trieu USD, dff kie'n gia tri xua't khau dat 25 trieu USD vao nam 2019); (ii) Cdng ty TNHH San xua't va kinh doanh Vinfast - Thanh vidn ciia Vingroup vdi Td hdp san xuat d td VINFAST ed tdng vd'n dau Uf Idn tdi 3,5 ty USD, cdng sua't thid't ke' giai doan 1 la 250.000 xe/nam, giai doan 2 la 500.000 xe/nam, tdc dd san xua't la 38 xe/gid, dat quy md va do hidn dai hang dau the gidi.
- Vidt Nam nam d kbu vffc chSu A cd td'c do tang trffdng kinh te' cao va dang trong giai doan cS't canh, cd nhieu hffa hen cho sff phat trien ITnh vffc ed didn tff. Vdi tbi tru'dng rdng Idn va eac cd hdi cua qua trinh hoi nhap kinb td' loan cau, cua cudc each mang cdng nghidp 4.0, nganh Cdng nghiep Cd didn tff ed the ddng gdp mdt phan khdng nhd cho sff phat trien va tang trffdng ben vffng ciia nen kinh te' Viet Nam,
- Viet Nam hien da la tbanh vien cua WTO, ciia cdng ddng kinb te ASEAN (AEC), da hoan tbanh viec dam phan, ky kd't mdt loat Hidp dinh ETA the' he mdi nhff Hiep dinh EA EUVFTA, EVFTA, CP TPP,... va dang tham gia vao rat nhieu ed cbe hdi nhap khac. Vidt Nam se tuan theo cac tteu chuan ciia qud'c te've mdi trffdng dau tff de thu hiit dau tff
trffc tiep ntfdc ngoai (FDI) va tbffc te' nhidu nha dau tff nffdc ngoai cung da nhin thay Viet Nam, vdi dan sd gan 100 trieu dSn va mot nen kinh td' dang ndi I^
mdt thi trffdng tiem nang cho cac san pham cd dien tff va be cd dien tff va quyd't dmh gia tang dau tff de sdm khai thac thi trffdng nay. DSy vffa la cd hdi, vffa la thach thffc de tbue diy nganh cdng nghidp cd did n tff trong nffdc phat trien.
4. Kd't luan
Trdn cd sd cae sd' lieu va mot sd phan tich ndu trdn, cd thd tha'y trong nhffng nam gan day boat ddng cua nganh Cdng nghidp Cd didn tff d Viet Nam da cd nhffng chuyen bid'n tich cffc. Tuy nhidn, mac du tbi trffdng eac san pham cd dien tff va he cd didn tff cd xu bu'dng ngay cang tang, nhffng phan Idn tbi trffdng nay lai do cac bang san xua't cac san pham cd dien tff va he cd dien tff nffdc ngoai chi phdi; ty ttong eac san pham cd didn tff va he ed dien tff do cac doanh nghidp noi dia san xuat lap rap chid'm phan rat nhd, dac bidt la trong dieu kidn boat ddng san xua't kinb doanb hd't sffc khd khan va rS't bap bdnh nhffng nam gan day cua cdng ddng cac doanh nghidp cd khi cbe' tao trong ca nffdc ndi ehung, c^c doanb nghidp san xua't - kinh doanh san pham cd didn tff va he cd dien tff ndi rieng.
La mdt qud'c gia dang phat ttien, Viet Nam phai di tat, ddn dau, di thang vao khoa hpc va cdng nghe hidn dai, phat huy tai nang, tti md de cd the sdm cai tao ndn cdng nghiep truyen thd'ng va san xua't dffdc cac sdn pham hang boa phii hdp vdi cac xu hffdng phat trien cd didn tff ttdn the' gidi, cd gia tri gia tang cao, cd sffc canh tranh manh trdn tbi trffdng, dap ffng dffdc ydu cau phat trien cua mot sd nganh cdng nghidp chu life, cOng nhff tbi hid'u va ydu cau tidu dung eao cua mot bd phan dan eff. Day la mot thi tru'dng va cung la mdt cd hpi Idn d l nganh Cdng nghidp Cd didn tff tid'p can va phat huy the manh ciia minh.
Tdm lai, vdi nhu cau va tiem nang da ndu, de co the phat trien nganh Cdng nghiep Cd didn tff ngang tam vdi eac nffde trong khu vffc va tren the' gidi, Viet Nam can cd sff vao cudc tff phia cac cd quan quan Iy nha nffde va bd phan doanb nghiep de d§'y manh phat trien cdng nghidp Cd dien tii" nham hien thffc hda nhffng tiem nang va tao ra gia tri kinb te, xa bpi diie't thffc, gdp phan xay dffng dat nffdc theo hffdng cdng nghiep hda, hien dai boa ma Dang va Nha nffdc da de ra •
80 So 22-Thdng 12/2019
KINH TE
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O :
1. Anh Tung "Robot cdng nghiep". http://cesti.gov.vn/, ngay 19/11/2018.
2. Doanh Nhdn "Thi trUdng gia dung cao cap, "ndng " nhung vdn chd dgi tdn binh", htlps://doanhnhanonline.
com.vn/ 15/07/2019.
3. liiarkus "Chi Iqp trung xdy binh vien, bdn dUOc pham, cdc nhd dau tu lai dang bo quen thi trudng ihii'l bi y te:
Quy mo ty dd, tdng trUdng 18%/ndm, lai nhdp khau Idi tren 90% tU nudc ngodi", hitp://cafebiz.vn/, 17/05/2019.
4. Nguyen Chi Sdng "Chien luac nao cho nganh Cakhi?". https://baomoi.cotn/, 08/11/2018.
5. Thanh Thiiy "Ca hdi nao cho ngdnh Ddng tdu Viet Nam?", https://www.baogiaothong.vn/, 31/01/2018.
6. Quyi't djnh sd 137/2006/QD - TTg ngay 14/6/2006 ciia Thu tudng Chinh phu phe duyit Chie'n luac nghien cUu vd Ung dung cong nghe vu tru de'n ndm 2020.
7. Quye't dinh sd 1791/QD-TTg ngdy 29/11/2012 ciia ThU tudng Chinh pha phi duyet co che thUc hien thi diem thie't ke, che tao trong nudc thiet hi cdc nhd mdy nhiet dien trong giai doan 2012 - 2025.
8. Quyet dinh sd 1670/QD-TTg ngdy 08/11/2012 ciia Thd tudng Chtnh phd phi duyet De dn phdt trien ludi dien thdng minh tai Viet Nam
9. https://danso.org/viet-nam.
Ngay nhan bai: 1/12/2019
Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va su'a chifa: 11/12/2019 Ngay cha'p nh§n dang bai: 21/12/2019
Thdng tin tdc gid:
ThS. DINH NHAT ANH BO Tai chinh
ASSESSMENTS ON THE STATUS, NEEDS AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL
OF MECHATRONICS IN VIET NAM
• MA. DINH NHAT ANH Ministry of Finance
ABSTRACT:
The 4.0 Industrial Revolution has required unprecedented changes in the economy in general and in all industrial branches in Vietnam in particular. The Mecbattonics industry is considered as a vital field to drive the country to catch up with rapid development of this industrial revolution. This paper provides analysis and assessments of the situation, the needs and potentials for development of the Mechatronics industry in Vietnam.
Keywords: Mechatronics, Mechanical Engineering, Automation, robot.
S o 2 2 - T h 6 n g 12/2019 81
