Tjip rhI niA C H A T . lout A . SA 341-345.3.ggOU. tr. 14-24
LIEN DOAN VAT LY DL^ CHAT TRONG CONG TAC DIEU TRA DIA CHAT VA KHOANG SAN 0 VIET NAM
LAI MANH GlAU
Uin doan Vgt ly Dia chdt, Km9, Nguyin Trai. Thanh Xudn. Hd Ndi Tdm tdt: Bdi bdo gidi thieu qud trinh hinh thdnh vd phdt triiri ciia Liin dodn Vgt ly Dia chdt tit nam 1967 din nay. Qua gdn 50 ndm phdn ddu, din nay USn dodn Vgt ly Dia chdt da hinh thdnh mgt lgc lupng lao dpng nhiiu chuyin ngdnh, ed trinh dp virng vdng, ddm duang ede nhi?m vg dia vgt lj da dgng: dia vgt ly mgt dot, dia vgt ly mdy bay. dia vgt lj biin,... ddng gdp xiing ddng cho cdng tde dieu tra ca bdn dja chdt vi khodng sdn. Trong giai dogn phdt trien mai cua ddt nude, Uin dodn Vgt ly Dia chdt dang huang tai phdt triin ede phuang phdp tim kiim khodng sdn duai sdu, diiu tra dia chdt khodng sdn biin vd them Ige dia, hodn thifn cdng ngh? bay do to hpp dia vgt lj...
I. Md BAU tmdng quy djnh lji chiic ntag, nhifm vu, quyin hjn vd ca ciu td chiic tji Quyet dinh sd 501 QD/DCKS-TCCB ngdy 06/8/2008.
Lien dota Vjt ly Dia chat ngdy nay cd tien thdn Id Cue Vjt ly, ndm 1967 dupc thdnh ljp tren co sd sdt nhjp Phdng Dja vjt ly true thupc Tdng cue Dja chat vdi Dota 55. Ndm 1977, Cue Vjt \f dupc ddi tdn tfidnh Lidn dota Vjt 1^ Dja chit flieo Quyit djnh sd 27/QD-TC ngdy 23/02/1977 cua Tong Cue tiudng Tong cue Dja chat.
Tir ndm 1990, Lidn dota Vjt \f Dja chit Id don vj true thupc Cue Dja chit Vift Nam, hojt d$ng trong co cau t i chiic vd quta ly cua Bp Cdng nghiep njng vd sau dd Id cua BO Cdng nghifp theo Quydt djnh so 893/QD-TCCB ngdy 20/6/1997 cita Bp tmdng Bp Cdng nghifp.
Tfl ndm 2003, Lidn dota Vjt 1^ Dja chit Id td chuc true thu$c Cue Dia chat vd IChotag sta Vift Nam, fliudc BO Tdi nguydn vd Mdi tmdng, dupe quy djnh lji chflc ntag nhifm vu, quyen hjn vd co ciu td chiic tiieo Quyit djnh sd 513/2003/QD- BTNMT ngdy 22/4/2003 ciia BO tiudng BO Tdi nguyen vd Mdi tmdng.
Tfl ndm 2008, lidn dota Vjt 1^ Dja chat da dupc BO Tdi nguyen vd 14
Mdi
Ngdy 22/7/2011, Tdng Cue Dja chat vd Khotag sta da ra Quyet djnh so 54/QD- DCKS, vi vifc "Quy djnh chuc ndng, nhifm vu, quyen hjn vd ca cau to chuc cua Lidn dota Vjt 1^ Dia chit"
Theo quyit djnh ndy. Lien dodn Vjt 1;^
Dja chat cd chuc ntag nghidn cflu, dieu tta dja vjt 1^ khu vuc phuc vu cdng tdc dieu tta dja chit vd ddnh gid khotag sdn ttong phjm vi cd nudc, djc bift Id diiu tta, ddnh gid khotag san d dudi sdu; xdy dung vd to chflc thuc hifn cdc di dn dieu tta dia vjt 1^ theo vung hojc tota lanh tho (bao gom ed vung dit Udn, hdi ddo vd biin Vift Nam).
Trong ca chi quta 1^ mdi. Lien dota Vjt 1^ Dja chit Id don vi su nghifp cdng ljp, tu chu, tu chju ttdch nhifm ve tdi chfnh, ve t i chuc bO mdy, bidn chi vd thuc hifn nhifm vu- Lidn dota da md rOng quan hf hpp tdc vdi cdc don vj ttong vd ngodi ngdnh ttong cdc ITnh vuc diiu tta, ddnh gia, thdm dd khotag sta, flm
taem nudc dudi ddt. dja vat ly cdng ttinh, moi ttudng va tai bidn dja chit.
Hifn nay, vi co cdu td chuc, ngodi cdc phdng ban chuc ntag. Lien dota Vjt ly Dm chat gdm cd cdc don vi:
- Dota E)ia vjt ly htag khdng.
- Dota Dja vjt ly khu vuc - Dota Dia vat ly mat dit.
Trang tam Nghidn cihi LTng dung dia vjtly. • " •
- Phdng Kiem dinh may dja vjt Iy.
Hifn tai, luc luong lao ddng sta xudt cua Lien dota cd 150 ngudi, ttong dd cd 2 tien sy, 2 ttac sy, 104 ky su dia chit, dia vjt ly, khoan mdy, dja chdt cdng trtnh dia chat fliuy vta, ttac dja, cu nhta tdi chfnh ke tota, qudn tti tanh doanh duoc ddo tjt^
cd hf tfldng, cd trtnh dp chuyen mon sdu nhieu tanh nghidm fliuc tien, du ntag luc to chuc dieu htah cdc cdng vide chuydn mdn, kf fliujt phuc tjp.
Trong gin 50 ndm xdy dung vd phdn dau. vupt mpi khd khta, duoc su quan tam cua cdc cap lanh djo Bd vd Ngdnh qua cdc tfldi ky. Lien dota Vdt ly Dia chit khong ngflng phdt triin ddn cdc ITnh vuc cong tdc, djt nhieu kdt qud ttong sta xuit, nghien cuu, cd nhflng ddng gdp xung dang vdo cdng tic dieu ti^ ca bta dja chat ve khodng sta nudc ta.
D. C6NG TAC B|A VAT L* HANG KH6NG Cdng tdc dja vjt ly htag khdng dupc ap duiig vdo hojt dOng diiu tra dia chdt tim taem khotag sta d Viet Nam tii ndm' 1961. Den ndm 1964 da hota didnh bay khao sit hi htag khdng ty If 1:200.000 toan mien Bdc Vift Nam. Ndm 1983-1992 da hota tfidnh bay khdo sat, lien kdt tdi hpu rtr htag khdng tota miin Nam Vift Nam. Cdc sd Ufu bay do tii htag khdng da dugc sfl duns de thiinK ia_ UA_ ^T
1:500.000 (1995) vd da duac bidn tap, xuat bdn d ty If 1:1.000.000 vao ndm 1998. Cac sd Ueu cua bta dd nay cd gid tii su dung khdng chi doi vdi diiu tta dja chat, khotag sta, mdi ttudng, tai biin,...
ma cdn cho nhiiu muc dfch khde lihu tiidng tin Udn Ijc, an ninh qudc phdng.
, Tu nam 1982 den nay, cdng tac bay do td hpp dia vjt ly tii-phd gamma da duac dua vdo phuc vu do ve bta dd dja chit vd tim tadm khotag sta ty If 1:25.000 vd 1:50.000. Bin nay da hota thtah 18 de ta bay tu phd gamma ty If 1:25.000 va 1:50.000 ttdn difn tf'ch horn 95.000 kml Cdc tai Ueu bay do da dupc xii ly di flianh l?p cdc bta dd tmdng dja vjt ly (tmdng rtr, ttudng XJ tdng gamma, tmdng hdm luong cdc nguyen td phdng xa U, Th K) vd khai tfidc de flianh ljp cdc bta dd'dia chat, khoanh vung du bdo tfidn vong khoang sta trdn difn tfch da bay do.
Ky fliujt va cdng nghf bay do dia vat ly cua Lien dota ttong nhflng ndm qua da dupc ddi mdi. Tmdc ndm 1989, sd lieu dia vjt ly dupc ghi flieo cdng nghf tuong tv. dan dudng bay dupc fliuc hien bdng chup d,^ vd video, vide xu ly tdi lifu vd bieu dien kdt qua hodn todn bdng flifl cong. Tu ndm 1996 din nay, mpi cdng doan neu ttdn ddu dupc fliuc hien bdng ky thujt sd, phil hpp vdi cdng nghf thd gidi men nay.
da dupc sfl dung de tfidnh ljp bta dd tnrdng tii htag khdng Vift Nam ty If
Ket qua bay do dja vjt ly, qua tadm tta mat dat, da phat hifn nhiiu dien tfeh ttidn vpng khotag sta duoc chuyin giao tim taem, fliam dd. Da phdt hifn nhiiu tu khotag quan tPong: sdt Thjch Khd S ^^^- ^- ' ^ ^ N^ Ltag, Boong Quang (Cao Btag), urani Khe Hoa - Khe S ' ^ i S r ^ . N a m ) , fluorit Xuta Ltah (Phu Yen); vtag (Son Hod, Xa U t , Xuta
^?' ? . . "' ^'^ "^""g- TSy Hui...),
magnesit Kong (Jueng (Gia Lai), sdt vd dong-niken d TTidt Khd (Cao Bdng), sdt 15
^^
vd chi-kem d Chp E)on (Bdc Kjn), Thupng Gidp (Tuydn Quang), ddng Phan Thanh (Cao Bdng) va htag lojt cac md sa khotag ilmenit ven bidn.
Hifn nay, btag cdng nghf mdi Lien dota vjt ly dja chdt dang tidn htah xu ly nang cao cdc ket qud bay do dia vjt ly da cd, kit hop vdi cac djng tai Ufu dja chat.
khotag sta khde udn nhieu vilng khde nhau. Da khoanh vung du bdo nhieu difn tfch tiiin vpng khotag sta nOi sinh. Ket qud tadm tta mjt dit phdt hifn fliem nhiiu diim khotag sta mdi cd gid trj nhu vtag d Khe Mdng, Khe Nang (Hd TTnh), A Ngo (Tay Hui), Trd Ddc (Qutag Nam), Tien Cim (Qutag Ngai),
Anh 1. Kiem tra mdy tru&c chuyen do.
Tfl ndm 2014 Lidn dodn se trien khai thi cdng de dn " Bay do tir pho gamma va trpng luc viing Ldo Cai - Yin Bdi ty le 1:50.000 -1:25.000 " vdi nhifm vu thdnh ljp ban do cau tnic dja chat, so dd du bdo cdc dien tich trien vpng khotag sdn theo tdi lifu dja vjt 1;^ (tfl, phd gamma, ttpng luc) ty If 1:25.000 ttdn dien tfeh 7360 km^, bao tiiim phdn ldn ddi Tu Lf cd dieu tafn dja hlnh vd dja chdt phuc tjp.
Vift Nam cd vilng biin rOng ldn vdi dien tich khotag 1.000.000 km^, vifc bay do tu vd ttpng luc Id phucmg phdp khdo sdt cd hifu qud dd gidi quyet cdc vin di vd cdu tnic dja chit bidn va thdm luc dja, phuc vu cdn^ tdc diiu tra tdi nguyen, khotag sta biin (ddu khf, khf hydrate) vd khdng djnh, bdo vf chu quyin lanh thd, biin ddo. Ngdy 15 flitag 10 nam 2013, Thu tudng Chfnh phu da ky Quyit djnh sd 1876/QD-TTg, cho phep Lien dodn xay dung du ta "Bay do tit vd trpng lgc ty le 1:250.000 viing biin vd hdi ddo Viet
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Anh 2. Chudn bi cho mpt chuyen bay khdo sdt.
Nam" vdi muc tidu lap ban dd cau ttuc dia chat, xdc djnh cdc difn tich trien vpng khodng san, bd sung ca sd dfl lifu ttpng luc quoc gia, gdp phin xde ljp lujn cfl khoa hpc phue vu an ninh quoc phdng vd chu quyin qudc gia, phdt trien bin vflng tanh te xd hfi vimg ven biin, ddo vd biin Vift Nam.
III. CdNG TAC BO VE TRQNG LI/C Cdng tde do vd ttpng luc ty If 1:500.000 da dupc tiin htah tten tota ltah thd vd da thtah ljp bdn dd ttpng luc todn qudc ty le 1:500.000 vdo ndm 1985.
Nam 2011, Lidn dota Vjt 1^ Dja chit dd tien hdnh do bd sung cac vflng ttdng tiieo tai lieu do ttpng luc ty If 1:100.000 - 1:50.000 vd tdi lifu do bd sung mOt si difn tich nham hodn chinh bdn do ttpng luc ty If 1:500.000 vd bidn tjp chuin bj xuat ban.
Tfl diu nhflmg ndm 90 cua the ky tmdc, cdng tdc do vd ttpng lue ty If 1:50.000 vd 1:100.000 dupc dp dung rOng
rdi de phdi hap ydi tai Ufu bay do rtr phd gamma gidi quyit cac nhifm vu do ve ljp l»n dd dia chat va tim tadm khotag sdn cung ty If. Tdi Ufu ttpng luc da cung cip nhieii tfldng tin huu fch dd tfidnh lap bta dd cau ttTic dja chit, nghien cuu cdc ciu ttuc sdu, phdt hien va phta loji cac khdi magma ta lam tiin di tim tadm cac loai khotag sdn; phdt hidn va xdc dinh cic tfiam sd cau ttuc cua cdc hf flidng dflt gay, cdc tfiam sd djc trung cua cdc ddi biin ddi hen quan vdi cdc loji hinh khotag sta khac nhau. Den nay, tota Idnh tfid da cd 27 dien h'ch duoc do ve ttpng luc ty Id 1:100.000 den 1:50.000 vdi tdng difn tfcli xap xi 85.000 kml
Trong nhflng ndm gdn ddy, cdng tdc do ve ttpng luc da dupc phdt diin vdi vide dp dung cdng nghf GPS dd xdc djnh toa dp, dp cao cua diem do ttpng luc, ddng tfidi tag dung cdng nghf tin hpc ttong tiiu tfiap hifu chinh, xfl ly phta tfch tdi lifu vd bidu dien ket qud..., nhd dd chit luong, dp chfnh xdc vd hifu qud cua phuang phdp dupc ntag cao dtag ki.
IV. C 6 N G T A C BjA VAT LY MAT B A T Tmdc nhflng ndm 2000, cdng tdc dja vat ly mdt dat d Lien dodn Vjt ly Dja chit tiiuc hien chu yiu la kiim tta cdc di thudng dja vjt ly htag khdng. Tfl ndm 1985 ddn nay, da taem tta so bO htag nghin cum dj fliudng, chpn lpc taem tra chi tiit htag
chuc didn tfch. Kdt qud da ldm stag'fc bta chat dja chit, khotag sta cua chiSs^'xdc dinh nhidu difn tf'ch cd tridn v p n g ^ j d n g sta vd phdt hien md mdi cua nhlSti'loji khotag sta (fluorrit- Xuta Lanh, vtag- Son Hda, Tdy Hud, titan-ilmenit sa khotag ven bien- Tam Anh, urani- Ndng San;
magnesit- Kong Queng, v.v...).
Tfl 2002 vdi thdnh cdng dxing viec tadm tra di fliudng dja vjt ly htag khdng, tim taem phdt hifn khotag sta, Ijen dota duoc giao tfiuc hifn nhifm vu diiu,'tta danh gid khotag sta: diiu tta, ^jnJ) gia tidm ntag magnesit vung Kon Queng, tfnh Gia Lai (2002-2005); diiu tta, danh gij tiem ntag magnesit vflng Tay Kon Queng tirih Gia Lai (2007-2010) vd diiu tta ddnh gid tdng flie tiem ndng magnesit, dolomit vd wolastonit vung Tay Sa Rd, huyen Kon Cho Rd, tinh Gia Lai.
Qua dd, nhidu cdng ty nudc ngodi da tin tirdng hpp tdc qua cdc hpp ddng khao sit dia vjt ly dm tadm khotag sta, nhu: Cdng ty Alvil (Uc) - flm taim ddng - vtag d Dflc Phli (Qutag Nam); Cdng ty Vdng Bing Mieu (Udn doanh Viet - Uc) - flm tadm ddnh gid vtag Bdng Midu; Cdng ty Leader Resourses LTD. (Uc) - tim taim, dtah gid qujng chi-kem d Nd Tum (Bdc Kan)- Cdng ty TPJ (Anh) - tim taim, dinh gid vdng d Lai Chau...
Anh 3. Do sdu diin tit bdng mdy Protem-57.
Anh 4. Do sau phdn cyrc kich thich bdng mdy Elrecpro.
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i
Ngodi ra,.tu nam 2009 Lien dota Vjt ly Dja chdt cdn tham gia thi cdng khoan liy mdu dja chit ttong de ta didu tta ddnh gii qujng sa khotag titan zircon ttong cit dd vung Ninh Thujn, Binh Thujn, Bdc Bd Ria_ Vtag Tau (2009-2010);
khoan lay mau dja chat vd do xj cdng tnnh ttong de ta tham dd qutag urani khu Pd Lfla - Pd Rdng, huyfn Nam Giang, tinh Qutag Nam (2010-2011).
V. C 6 N G T A C BjA VAT LY BI^N
Lien dota Vjt ly Dia chat Id mpt trong nhung don vi ddu tidn thuc hien nghien ciru dja vjt ly bien. Cdng tdc khdo sdt dja vjt 1^ bien duac tidn hdnh tu nam 1991 tji vflng bidn ndng Ham Tta (Binh Thujn) vdi su tdi tta cfla CCOP, ttdn difn tfch 1.200 tan^ vdi 900 km myin khdo sdt dja vjt ly.
Tfl nam 1993 khdo sit dia vjt 1^ biin dupe dua vdo cdc dd ta dja cliit vd khotag san biin ciia Cue Dja chit vd IChotag sta Vift Nam (nay Id Tdng cue Dja chat vd Khotag sta Vift Nam).
Trong 5 ndm (1993-1997) da khdo sdt tten difn ti'ch 52.000 km' (16.000 km tuyin dja vjt 1^) d ty If 1/500.000 dpe bd bien d dO sau tu 0-30 m nudc, tfl Mdng Cdi den Dd Ndng vd tfl Hd Tien den Cd Mau. Hf phuang phdp dia vjt ly dupc dp dung gdm: do dia chin phdn xj lien tuc dp phan gidi cao, do tfl bidn vd do sau hdi dm.
Cdc tdi lifu dja vjt 1^ biin (dja chin, tfl, do sdu ddy biin...) da cung cip nhung thdng tin quy gid ldm stag td ciu true ttong ttdm tich Df tu, djc diim cdc ldp trim tfch chua gdn kit Oxjng Df tfl; su phta bd cdc trim tf'ch Dp tu vd magma, cdc he tiling dflt gay vd cdc khu vuc cd khd ntag,tdn tai cdc bay sa khotag.
Nhflng tdi lifu ndy da gdp phin quan ttpng trong cdng tdc diiu tta dia chit vd
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tim tadm khotag sta rta viing bien ndng ven bd nudc ta.
Nhumg ndm gta day. Lien dota Vjt ly Dia chat da nghien ciiu va thu nghifm thanh cdng dua phucmg phdp dia chta phta XJ phta gidi cao vdo ddnh gid muc dO boi ldng ti^im tfch cdc long song, ctag bien, long hd djp thuy didn..., do dd da md rdng ddng kd mdi trudng iing dung cua cdc phuang phdp dia vat ly.
Hifn nay, Lidn dota Vjt ly Dja chat dang tridn khai du ta "Bay do tu vd trpng luc ty If 1:250.000 biin vd hdi ddo Vift Nam", chuan bi co sd vjt chit ky thujt do dia chta bien ttong du ta "Dieu tta, dtah gid djc diim ciu true dja chit, dja chat cdng tnnh, di xuit cdc gidi phdp khai thic, sfl dung lanh thd, phuc vu xdy dung va phdt trien h j tang ddi ven bd bien Vift Nam"
VI. CdNG T A C NGHIEN CLTU KHOA HQC VA PHAT T R | £ N CdNG NGHf
Lidn dodn Vjt 1;^ Dja chit ludn quan tdm, djnh hudng, tjo dieu tafn di luc lupng khoa hpc ky tiiujt di xuit, tiiin khai nghidn cih, khoa hpc vd phdt triin cdng nghf.
Tu diu nhimg ndm 70, nhiiu van di vi xfl 1^ tdi lifu bdng cong cu tota hpc thing ke da dupc di cjp, nhu nghidn cum flng dung thujt toin Bayerst, nghien cuu ung dung 1^ thuyit tiidng tin, 1^ fliuyit xdc suit fliong kd, ... ttong tu chinh, phdn tfch tdi lieu tfl, ttpng luc. Thu nghifm mpt si phuang phdp mdi vdo diiu tafn dja chat Viet Nam, nhu dp dun^ phuomg phdp cam ling difn tfl vdi vifc ldp rdp mdy DCT-1 (1976), dp dung phuong phip chiiu sdng vd tuyin vdi mdy chidu sdng iS khoan (1976),-v.v...
Qua cdc di tdi nghidn cihi khoa hpc- edng nghf, da hota flidnh cic bO tii lifu vd bta do dja vjt If khu vuc quan trpng, dupc ddnh gii cao nhu: 'Ting hpp tham
so vjt If cdc viing md sulfiir Miin Bdc Viet Nam"; "Bta dd Oudng phdng xa hr nhien Viet Nam ty If 1:500.000", "Bta di difn ttw suat dat Viet Nam ty le 1:1.000.000", "Bta dd phdng xa Viet Nam ty If 1:1.000.000", "Cic bta d i tiuang tu Vift Nam, ty Id 1:500.000 vd ty le 1:1.000.000"; "Cac bta dd ttudng dj thudng ttpng luc Vidt Nam ty Id 1:500.000 vd ty If 1:1.000.000" 'cac ban do ndy dang din hinh tiianh bd aflas bta dd cdc tfudng dja vjt If va tfiam sd dia vjt ly CO ban nhat cfla lanh thd Viet Nam (phan dat liin).
Lidn dota da chu tti di tdi "Nghidn cuu, ddnh gid hifn tf:jng va dd xudt cdc gidl phdp ntag cao ttinh dO cdng nghd dja
^ vjt ly ttong cdc ITnh vuc hojt dpng thufc f BO Tdi nguyen va Mdi tfudng". Kdt qua
da gdp phta ddnh gii dflng ddn, khdeh quan hifn ttjng vd di xuit cdc dinh hudng phdt tfiin cdng tic dja vjt ly.
He tfiong cic di tdi ttong ITnh vuc mdi tiudng phdng xj da tjo ljp cdc co sd khoa hpc vd tfiuc tien dd phit ttiin dung ddn ddp ung cic yeu cau phit ttiin bdn vflng kmh te xa hfi vd hpi nhjp quoc ti.
Lien dota cdn tjp trang nghien cflu ttn§ dung cdc tidn bO cdng nghf mdi vi tiuet bj dia vjt ly, cdng nghf tfiu tfijp, xfl If, phta tfch vd bidu dien tdi lifu dia vjt
\f nhdm ntag cao hifu qud, df chfnh xdc cua cdc phuang phdp dja vdt ly ttong gidi quyet cdc nhifm vu dja chit dang ngdy ctag khd khta, phuc tjp ban. Phdt ttiin cdng tac tdng hpp, phta tfch, gidi dota tai ti?u dia vjt 1^ d mflc do cao bdng sfl dung cdc hf chuang ttinh xfl ly, phta tfch mdi mjnh, tien tidn vd da ntag di khai tfidc tiift de horn tiidng tin dja vat ly nhdm ldm stag td cau tnic dja chdt lanh tfid, khu vuc vd ddnh gid ttidn vpng khotag sta.
Qua ket qua nghien euu, tfiu nghifm da xdc djnh dupc mft sd td hpp cdc phuang
phap dia vat ly hop ly ddi vdi mdt sd ddi ttrong khotag sta nhat djnh. Vf du: td hpp cdc phuong phdp dja vjt ly ti'm taim qutag fliiec gdc; tim tadm pyrit; flm taim qutag vtag gdc; flm taim qutag Pb-Zn;
xdc d\nh dO tdng khotag hod nudc dudi ddt; td hpp cdc phuang phip hjt nhta di phta tt'eh nhanh cic mau dja clidt; td hpp cic phuang phip hjt nhta di xic djnh hudng vd vjn tdc ddng chay cua nudc dudi dat trong lo khoan v.v...
Cho den nay htag dram dd tai nghien ciiu KHCN da duac diuc hifn, hiu hit da dupc dua vdo ung dung ttwng sta xuit (nhu dd tdi nghidn cflu cdc phuang phip xu ly phta tfch sd Ufu dja vat \f; hifu chinh vd Uen kit tdi lifu dja vjt ly mdy bay; tu dfng hda cdng tdc vta phdng, hifu chinh dja hinh tdi Ufu ttpng luc, ung dung phuang phdp georada ttong ITnh vuc flm tadm khotag sta, tai biin dja chit, dia chit cdng ttinh; che tjo miy dia chin ndng phta gidi cao; xay dung chuong tfinh qudn ly tdi hfu dja vjt ly khu vuc...).
Lien dota cdn fliuc hifn htag loat de tdi xdy dung cdc vta bdn quy pham phdp lujt, cdc quy djnh, quy ttinh kf fliujt, cdc tieu chuta qudc gia ttong ITnh vuc dja vjt ly, nhu: nghien cflu xdy dung cdc tidu chuta qudc gia phuang phip difn, rtr mdt dat, phdng xj, ttpng luc, cdc phuang phdp dia vjt 1^ lo khoan, cic phuang phdp do hoi flifly ngta, do radon, do dia chin nghidn cflu dja chat cdng tfinh, xdy dung
Quy trtnh cdng nghf tiidnh ljp cdc bta do ttong dieu tta chi tiit mdi ttudng phdng XJ", "Quy trtnh fliuc hifn t i hp^
cdc phuong phdp dja vjt ]f hifn dai di dieu tta ddnh gid qudng sdt, chl-kSm, dong dp sta den 500 m" "Quy trtnh cdng ngh? xu 1^ phta tf'ch tdng hpp tdi Ufu bay do tu phd gamma va ttpng luc di khoanh djnh vd du bio khotag sta nOi sinh", da
^P dung xfl I^,phta tf'ch ntag cao tdi lifu bay do vd ttpng luc cic vung: Van Ydn
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Thanh Hda, Rao Njy, Tdy Hui, Bd Nd - Nhon, Tuy Hda v.v... dua ra nhidu ket HOi An, Mtag Xim, E)dng Kon Tum, Quy qud mdi ve dja chit vd khotag sta.
BO b'ch ntag lupmg Ddu phdt boomer
>P^ ''
"^^i
Dau phdt sparker
Anh 5. Bp mdy dia chdn nong phdn gidi Vll. CdNG TAC l/NG BgNG BIA VAT LY TRONG Bieu TRA BjA CHAT THtlY VAN - B|A CHAT CdNG TRiNH, NGHIEN CLTU Mdi TRl/dNG VA TAI B|£N BjA CHAT
Tim taem nudc ngim d dO sau ldn. Id mOt tfie mjnh ciia cdc phuomg phdp dja vjt ly. Lien dota da thuc hifn cd hifu qua cao cdc nhifm vu: "Diiu tta ddnh gii nguon nudc dudi dit huyfn Trflng Khinh, huyfn Ha Lang vd huyfn Nguydn Binh, tinh Cao Bdng (2004-2007); "Dieu tta dtah gid ngudn nudc dudi dat thufc 7 tinh ddc bift khd khta vung nui phi'a Bdc (2008-2011)"
BO ghi so lifu cao do Liin dodn nghiin cuu che tgo.
Tfl nam 1992, d Lien dodn Vat 1^ Dja chat da hlnh thdnh bO phjn chuyen ngdnh dja vjt \f mdi tradng nhdm ddp ung cdc ydu cau dieu tta nghidn ciru mdi tmdng.
Lidn dodn da tiin htah dieu tta dja vjt ly mdi tmdng cho htag lojt cdc dd thj nhu: Dd Ntag HOi An (1992-1994), Difn Bien Son La (1993-1994), Hue - Ddng Hd - Ddng Hdi (1995-1996), Vinh - Thanh Hod (1995-1996), Budn Ma ThuOt - Pleiku (2001), Nha Trang - Cam Ranh - Phan Thiet (2006)... Ngodi ra, cdn phii hpp vdi cdc don vj khde tiin htah dieu tta dja vjt ly mdi tmdng d Ldo Cai Yen 20
Uf
Bdi, Hd NOi Hdi Phdng, Tta An My Tho - Bdn Tre, Tay Ninh - Thu Diu Mdt, Trd Vinh - VTnh Long va ttdn mdt sd dao phfa Bdc.
Didu tf^ khao sdt phuc vu nghien cflu dia chat cdng ttinh nhu: cdng ttinh xay dung, giao tfidng, tfiuy difn, cdu ctag, duong ham qua nfli da rit duoc chu ttpng.'
Cdc khao sat dja vjt IJ^ cdng hinh ehi'nh da tien hdnh:
- Da tidn hdnh khdo sdt dja chit cdng tiinh cho nhiiu cdng ttinh tiiuy difn, ttong do cd cic cdng hinh quan ttpng nhu:
Cdng ttinh thuy difn Sdng Dd (1972)- fliuy difn A Vuong (2002); tiifly didn Sdng Bac - Hd Giang (nam 2003); tiifly difn Binh Didn (Thfla Thidn - Hud, 2003);
thfly difn Da Den (Phti Ydn, 2003); tfiuy difn DakRTib (Gia Lai, ndm 2002); tiifly difn La Ngau (Binh Thujn, ndm 2002)- thfly difn Dak Mi (Qutag Nam, ndni 2002); tiifly difn Sekaman IU - CHDCND L^o (2003); tfifly difn Theun Hinboun (CHDCND Ldo, 2005); tfiuy dien Njm Thd (CHDCND U o , 2008).
Khdo sdt nen mdng cdng ttinh giao flidng vd xdy dung cho htag chuc cdng ttinh, ttong dd cd cdc cdng ttinh quan tiong nhu: Nhd mdy xi mtag But Son (1988); Nhd mdy xi mtag Hdi Phdng mdi (ndm 2002); cdng ttinh nhift difn Hai Phdng (nam 2002); Nhd mdy difn nguyen tfl Ninh Thujn (ndm 2003, 2011, 2012);
khu cdng nghifp Vung Ang (ndm 2010), khu ben ctag Dung Quit II (Qutag Ngai, ndm 2011); him Ddc Xay (Qudc If IA)' ham A Rodng (dudng Hd Chf Minh); hdm' dudng bO Ddo Ngang (Hd tTnh - Qutag Binh, ndm 2002)...
Khdo sit nen mdng ctag nudc sdu Nam Dd Son (2002), khao sit dudi nudc btag phuong phip dja vjt ly cdng ttinh cdp tteo Hdn Tre (Nha Ttang, 2007); do ttpng luc va do ttudng chuyin phuc vu di ta "Khao sit du bio hang dOng karst tiiuOc hf ting da hoa cd tiidi C2-P1 d md sat Thach Khd - Ha TTnh (nam 2011).
Anh 6. Do carota nghiin ctiu mudi mo a Nong Bok. CHDCND Ldo.
V V B ^ V A ^ L / ' ^ ' ' ^ " ' ^ ' ' ^ ^ ' ' ^ * ' " ^ "
Trong didu tafn ngudn vdn tu ngta sdch Nhd nudc chua nhiiu. Lien dota da ti'ch cue md rfng san xudt djch vu dia chit nhdm ttag tiiu nhdp, dn djnh ddi sdng cta bO, cdng nhta vidn. Cdc hoat ddng sdn xuat dich vu cd flii ki din Id: fliam dd cat lam vjt Ufu san ldp khu vuc cua sdng Vta Uc vd taiu vuc phfa nam dao Binh Vfi (Hdi Phdng); fliam dd qutag bauxit Kon Hd Nung (tinh Gia Lai); diiu tia dtah gid. tfiam dd qutag sit ty If 1:5.000 Ui Wiu vuc Tham La 1 vd Tham La 2 (CHDCND Uo); tiidm dd quang sat taiu vuc xd Liin ITidng (Tuyen Quang); do dja chin phta xj, dia chin l i Wioan vd carota ttong tiidm dd, ddnh gid ttir luong mudi md tji U o ; taioan tiidm do qujng sa Wiotag titan-zircon Wiu vuc 21
Son Hdi (tinh Ninh Thujn); do dja vjt ly Dd ta thdm dd bd sung ntag cap trfl lupng qutag kem chi, md chi kem Lang Hft (Ddng Hy, Thai Nguyen); do dia vjt If Dd ta Thdm dd qutag ddng vd khotag sta di kem vung Td Phdi U o Cai; do dja vjt ly De ta tham dd qutag ddng dd PJC Lai (2008); do dia vjt ly Dd ta tfiam dd md sat Phien Khai (2007); do dja vjt ly De ta tham dd md mangan (2009).
IX. NANG CAO N A N G Ll/C T H I ^ Bl BjAVATLY
Htag chuc ndm qua, ttong didu tafn tanh ti dat nudc edn khd khta, diu tu ttang bj eho ITnh vuc dia vjt 1^ cdn hjn hep. Lien dota Vjt ly Dja chdt da phdt huy tinh thta vupt khd, stag tjo, cdi tien, ntag cao ndng luc mdy dja vjt ly hifn cd, che tjo cdc thidt bj mdi gpn nhe, chit luong ky thujt khdng thua kem thiit bj nhjp ngoai, sfl dung hifu qud ttong san xudt. Nhieu thidt bi den nay ttd thdnh hang hda dupc nhieu co quan, don vj trong nudc mua sdm su dung trong khdo sat dja chat.
Cd tfli ke din td hpp thiit bj do ghi dia chdn trdn bien, cdc mdy do phdng xj dudng bf, mdy tii mjt dit, mdy do difn ttd, phan cue. Thiet bj do ghi dja chin di kdm phin mem dieu khien tu ljp, cflng vdi cdc bO tjo chta (boomer, sparker) da dupc dua vdo sta xudt cd hieu qud d cdc vung bien Qutag Binh, Binh Djnh, Khdnh Hda v.v...
Nhihig ndm gan ddy, dupc su quan tam cua Nhd nudc, diu tu thiit bi cdng nghf cao cho Lidn dodn dupc diy mjnh, vdi nhieu mdy do dja vjt ly cd trinh df tidn tien tten the gidi. Nliieu thiit bj dang sfl dung cd hifu qud ttong thi cdng cdc di dn dieu tta ddnh gii khotag sta sdu, nhu dd ta "Dieu tta dtah gii tiem ntag tdi nguyen tfian ddng bdng Sdng Hong", qua dd khdng djnh vai ttd khdng thi thiiu cua
cdng tdc do dja vat ly ttong flm tadm ddnh gid khotag sah ta sau.
Hf thong mdy dja vat ly cua Lidn dota hifn cd gdm:
Cdc mdy do dien tfl: miy trudng chuyin TEM 57 Mk-2 (Canada); mdy tfiam dd dien SYSCAL-R2, SYSCAL PRO-24, ELRECPRO -VIP3000 (CH Phip); VFTIGESKA (Tifp Wide);
Cdc miy do dja chin: MARKC 6 CThuy Didn); GEODE-24, STRATAVISOR NZXP-48 CHANELS (My); ttam do dia ehan phta gidi cao GEONT-SHELF vdi cic diu phit Sparker 3000J, Boomer 500J (LB Nga);
bO tjo sdng dja chin VlBSlST-50 (Canada); mdy dja chin SERCEL 428 XL 1000 kdnh (Pliap); miy Rada xuyen dit RAMAG/GRP (Thuy Diin);
- Cdc mdy do tfl: Minimag (LB Nga);
- Cdc mdy do phdng xj: do suit lieu phdng XJ DKS-96P (LB Nga); mdy do xj dudng bO cdc loji (LB Nga); mdy phi gamma 512 kenh Gamma Surveyor (CH Sec); mdy phd gamma GAD-6 (Canada);
mdy do khf radon (RDA-200) (Canada);
miy do khf phdng xa AB-5R (Canada) - Cic miy do hoi thuy ngan: XG-4 (0,1), XG-5 (0,01) (Trang Qudc);
Cdc mdy trpng luc Burries ZLS, Z400 (My);
Tram dja vjt ly hdng khdng (Canada); ttjm carota GEOVISTA (Anh); tram carota Micrologger 2 cua hang Robertson Geologging (Anh);
Ngodi ra, cdn cd hdng lojt thiet bj khoan (10 bO); mdy trdc dja: mdy djnh vj GPS Trimble loji 1 tin (2 bO); mdy todn dac difn tfl GTS (2 bf); GPS cim tay Garmin GPS 72, PSX 76 vd ETRREX (10 bO) vd mOt s i thiet bj Wide.
Mdy hi mdt dit
May tham do dien
Anh 7. Mot sd mdy dia vdt ly Id sdn phdm nghiin ctiu khoa hpc cong nghe do Liin dodn thuc hien.
Anh 8. Trgm mdy dia chdn SERCEL 428 XL 1000 kenh (Phdp) dang ldm viic tgi Thdi Binh (ndm 2014).
Bdn cjnh dd. Lien dota cdn chu ttpng phit tridn cdng tdc thfl nghiem hieu chuan fliiit bj do dia vjt ly di ddm bdo tdi lifu dja vjt ly Vift Nam cd flid lien ket, sfl dung chung vdi tdi lifu cfla nudc ngodi. Hifn nay, hdu hit cdc mdy do dja vjt ly ttong ngdnh dupe taim tfa, hifu chudn dinh ky bdng nhflng phuang tien
vd chuta do ludng hien dai tji Phdng Vll.AS-09, Lien dodn Vjt ly Dja chit tfico chuta muc do ludng qudc ti vd khu vuc, ttong dd cd Tieu chuin ISO/IEC 17025 - 2005 dang ip dung d Vift Nam.
0\A'VA^S*^ PHAT TRltN CdNG TAC Nghj quyet sd 02-NQ/TW ngdy 2.V4/2011 cfla Bf Chfnh ttj vi dinh hudng chien lupc khodng sdn va cdng nghidp khai khoing din nam 2020, tdm nhin den ndm 2030 da chi rd nhidm vu cua ngdnh dja chdt ... phdt hiin mo m&i yai dp sdu den I.OOO m nhdm ddnh gid day dil. todn diin tiim ndng khodng sdn trin ddt lien, & ddy biin vd thim luc dia cua ddt nu&c"
De gdp phdn thuc hifn tdt nhifm vu ndy, dinh hudng phat tridn cdng tic dia v?t ly tjp tmng vdo mft sd diim chfl yeu sau:
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~\yi
Tiep tuc nghien cflu ldm rd cdu tnic dja chdt long dat tren lanh thd va lanh hdi Vift Nam.
- Nghien ciru eau ttiic dja chat, dja chat cdng trtnh, dia dOng luc, tai bidn dja chat O^n dit Udn va thim luc dia Vift Nam.
- Ntag cao trtnh dp cdng nghd do djc, minh gidi tai Ufu dja vjt ly ngang tam cdc nudc tien tidn trong khu vuc vd tten the gidi, ddp flng yeu cau dieu tta co bta dja chat vd tdi nguydn khotag sta, phuc vu su nghifp hifn dji hod dat nudc.
- Nghien cflu, thfl nghiem lua chpn td hop cdc phuang phdp dia vjt ly hpp ly nhdm tim taem cd hifu qud cdc loji khodng sdn khac nhau, ttong nhflng didu kien dja chdt khde nhau, ddc bift Id khodng sdn ta sdu tu 500 m den ban
1000 m.
Hota thifn td hpp cdc phucmg phdp dja vjt ly mdy bay (tu- phi gamma mdy bay, tfl- ttpng luc mdy bay, cdc phuomg phdp bay difn tfl v.v...) phuc vu diiu tta dja chit vd du bdo trien vpng khotag sta
dudi sdu tten dat lien va cdc vflng bidn ciia Td qudc
Gdn 50 nam xay dung vd phdt trien vdi su phin dau khdng ngimg, dudi su lanh djo cua cic eip fly Dtag, su quan tdm giup do cua cic cap lanh dao BO, Ngdnh qua cdc thdi ky, cta bO cdng nhta vidn Lien dota Vjt ly Dja chat da dota kdt, hota thdnh xuit sdc cdc nhifm vu Dtag vd Nhd nudc giao. Vdi nhumg thtah tf'ch djt dupc. Lien dota nhieu ndm dupc Tdng cue Dia chit va Khotag sta Vift Nam cdng nhjn la tjp the lao dOng xuit sac, nhieu bdng khen Chinh phu, cd tfii dua luta luu cfla BO- Djc bift. Lien dodn da dupc Nhd nudc tjng thudng Hudn chuang Lao dOng hang Ba. Nhflng phin thudmg dd Id ngudn dOng vidn ldn ttong qud tiinh xdy dung, phit triin Lien dota nhdm dip flng ddi hdi mdi vi didu tta co bdn dja chat ve khotag sdn, gdp phan phuc vu su nghifp cdng nghifp hda, hifn dji hda dit nudc.
SUMMARY
Union ot Geophysics in the geological and mineral resource Investigation
In Viet Nam
Lgi Mgnh Gidu This paper inttoduces flie process of foundation and development of Union of Geophysics from 1967 to present. During nearly 50 years of operation, the Union of Geophysics has established a multiprofesional workforce, who are experienced and qualifled to undertake different tasks of geophysical survey: Ground geophysical survey, airbome geophysical survey, marine geophysical survey, etc. The results of tfiese works are important conttibutions to geological and mineral investigation. In tfie new stage of development of tiie countiy. Union of Geophysics targets to develop advanced mediods for subsurface mineral deposit prospecting, marine geological and mineral investigation as weU as to improvetiie technology of integrated airbome geophysical survey, etc.
Ngu&i bien tap: TS. Nguyin Ngpc Loan.
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