Ngiiien ctPU - Ky tiiuat
r
Cac cay tliuoc co tac dung
lam ha glucose huyet va dieu trj dai thao duong
(Tiip theo sd 433, thing 05/2012)
D o T r u n g D^km
Nhung nghidn c d u ddng thdi vd md hpc ciia tuydn tuy d cac chupt nay cho thay, ed s y tdi sinh quan the te bdo beta eua ddo tuy, md trude day da bj hogi t d do alloxan. Nhung nghidn cdu phan dng midn dich ciia insulin chf rdng, ede te bdo beta tai sinh hogt dpng t r d Igi nhu td bdo beta san cd '^^^'.
Tuy nhien, kdt qua nghidn c u u tren eiia Chakravarty va CS da khdng d u y c cac tdc gid khac thda nhan qua cdc nghien cdu ciia hp.
Kolb. va CS^""^^' khong thay ed tde dung chdng tang glucose huydt cua (-)-eplcateehin tren tang glucose huyet do alloxan d chudt edng trdng va tang glucose huyet do streptozotoxin d chupt nhdt trdng. Ryle vd CS'''^^' eung khdng phdng Igi d u y c tac dyng phdng benh vd dieu trj ciia (-)- epicatechin tren tang glucose huydt do alloxan d chupt edng trang. Chakravarty vd CS'^**' eho rang, s d dT Kolb. va CS^^^^ khdng thdy ed tac dyng chdng tang glucose huydt la do diing ehd pham (-)-epieateehin da de lau, nhung Sheehan vd CS. ' cho rang (-)-epicateehin Id mOt h y p chat kha on dinh.
Ham l u y n g (-)-epicatechin trong cae bO phdn khac nhau cua cay da d u y c xac cfinh bdng phd quang kd, va thdy idi gd eua cay eo ty 1$ (-)- epicatechin (0,593%) eao nhat ^'^^^. Dii sao, khi s d dung epicatechin dd lam thudc chua dai thdo d u d n g cung cdn phdi than trpng '^^'.
N u d c ngdm qua d^m ciia P. marsupium cung cd tde dyng ha glucose huydt tfnh t d tuan t h d hai sau khi udng, vd duy tri glucose huydt d m d c binh t h u d n g cho den khi thdi khdng udng nua^'^^^ D d tidn hanh thd idm sang n u d c sac eiia gd cdy va thdy ed tac dyng ha glucose huydt d ngudi bj ddi thdo dudng'^^"'^^^^. Glucose huydt hg khd nhidu va s y dung nap glucose tang khi diing nude sac cua 72g vd khd eho 22 ngudi bj ddi thdo d u d n g . S y dung nap glucose d 12 ngudi d u y c cdi thien sau 7 ngdy didu trj^'^^. P. marsupium (Vijaysar) khi t h d lam sdng
cd thd kidm sodt d u y c ddi thao d u d n g cung tdt bdng khi so sanh vdi eac thudc hg glucose huydt hien dgi '^^^'.
HOi ddng nghien cuu Y hpc An DO da bdt ddu thu lam sdng theo phuang phap 2 lan mii cOa thudc ed truydn nay cho benh nhan dai thdo dudng d nhieu benh vidn khac nhau trong nudc.
Pterocarpus santalinus t h u o c hp Ddu - Fabaceae
Cao chidt t u hat cCia P. santalinus ed tac dyng ha glucose huydt d chupt cdng trang '^^^l
d Viet Nam. cd 2 lodi thupc ehi Pterocarpus edn chii y nghien edu Id:
P. indicus Willd., ten Viet Nam la gidng huong dn.
P. macrocarpus Kurz., ten Viet Nam Id gidng huang.
Punica granatum L., hp L u u - Punicaceae.
Ten Viet Nam la liPu
Bp phgn dung la vd qua, hoa vd hgt lyu. Vd qua luu d u y c diing d Trung Qudc dd chua dai thdo dudng; edn d An Dp diing hoa lyu cung vdi myc dich ndy. Cao vd qua lyu lam gidm glucose huydt d chupt cdng trdng blnh thudng, chudt bj tang glucose huydt do udng glucose va chupt bj tang glucose huydt do alloxan. Cao hat lyu cung cd tde dung lam ha glucose huydt. Hogt chat ed tde dyng cd the la acid ursolic cd trang hat lyu.
Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. ex. Kurz., thupc hp Tnic dao - Apocynaceae, ten Vigt Nam la ba gge hoa do hogc ba gge An DO.
Nghidn c d u tdc dyng ciia alcaloid tdng sd chidt t d ba gge hoa dd, khi tiem eho meo vdi lieu 0,5-1 mg/kg thdy glucose huydt giam t d t d (25-46%), trong khi alcaloid tinh khidt Id reserpin d lieu 0,15 mg/kg tiem tTnh mgch Igi gay tang (22-105%) glucose huydt'^*'^. Tdc dung cda ajmalin vdi lidu 1 mg/kg tiem tTnh mach tren glucose huydt ed 2 pha. pha dau glucose huydt tang 5%, sau dd giam 9% '^^^.
T4,P CHLDlT^fe HOC -"06/2<M*W«L434 NAM 52)
' Nghien CLFU - Ky thuat
0 ViOt Nam, edn cd nhidu lodi thuOc chi Rauwolfia n h u :
- R. cambodiana Pierre et P i t , tSn Vidt Nam la ba gge Id to.
- R. chaudocensis Pierre et P i t , tdn ViOt Nam Id ba gge Chdu Dde.
- R. indoehinensis Pichon, tdn Vi$t Nam Id ba gge Id nhd.
- R tetraphylla L., tdn Vi§t Nam id ba gge bdn Id.
- R. verticitlata (Lour,) Baill., tOn ViOt Nam Id ba gge Id vdng.
- R. vomitoria Afz. ex. Spreng, tdn ViOt Nam Id ba gge Phii Thp.
- R. yunnanensis Tsiang, tdn ViOt Nam Id ba gge Vdn Nam.
Rheum oflcinale Bail., R. palmatum L., R.
tangustlcum Maxim ex. Bail., h p Rau rdm - Polygonaceae. Tdn V l ^ t Nam Id dgi h o d n g
BO phdn dCing Id rd vd thdn rd eiia 3 cdy trgn md hipn Vigt Nam ddu gpi Id dgi hodng. Cde polysaccharid ciia rd vd thdn re d u y c dung trj tai bidn thdn kinh cua bOnh ddi thdo d u d n g .
Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) R i b o s c h . , hp Hoa m o m s d i Scrophulariaceae. Ten Vigt Nam la dja h o d n g
BO phdn dCing Id rd cii cdy dja hodng. Trong D u y c didn Trung Qudc ban tidng Anh (2000) va Bdi giang D u y c ligu (NXB Y hpc, 1998) cd ghi diing chua ddi thdo d u d n g . Polysaccharid t d rd cay dja hodng ed tdc dyng Idm giam glucose huydt d ehuOt nhdt trdng blnh t h u d n g vd chuOt bj gay tang glucose huydt do streptozocin. C a chd tac dyng Idm hg glucose huydt Id do kich thfch tuy gidi phdng insulin vd Idm gidm s y tdng h y p glucose d gan ehuOt nhdt trdng.
Cataipol d u y c chidt t d rd dja hodng cd tdc dyng lam hg glucose huydt rd rpt. Cdc chdt phenylethylglycosid cd tdc dyng d c chd aldose reductase d u y c diing dd chdng tai bidn do ddi thao d u d n g . Cde iridoid, edc iridoid glycosid rehmanniosid A, B, C vd D; cde ddn chdt phenylalcol leucoceptosid A, purpureasid C vd cac sesquiterpen mOt vdng eung vdi glycosid cda chiing ddu cd tdc dyng tn bidn chdng cda dai thao d u d n g .
Rubus fruticosus L i n n . , t h u p c hp Hoa h o n g Rosaceae
R. fruticosus cd tde dyng idm sdn se da, Id tdc dyng da d u y c bidt rd t d lau, do cd hdm
l u y n g tanin cao. Tuy nhidn d Tdy Ban Nha, nhdn ddn t h u d n g diing Idm thudc chua ddi thdo d u d n g . Diing Id ham cho bOnh nhdn bj ddi thdo d u d n g udng, ngdy 2-3 ldn thi glucose huydt se gidm. Tdc dyng hg glucose huydt cOa nhidu logi djch chidt khdc nhau t d Id R. fruticosus da thdy khi t h u trdn thd cd glucose huydt binh thudng vd thd bj tdng glucose huydt do alloxan. Ddi vdi thd cd glucose huydt blnh t h u d n g , mdc gidm glucose huydt tdi da cd thd dgt d u y c Id 20% sau khi eho thd diing phdn dogn tan trong ether ciia djch chidt bdng n u d c t d Id cdy. 6" thd bj tdng glucose huydt do diing glucose, mdc dO gidm Id 50%, cdn d thd bj tdng glucose huydt do alloxan, lidu diing hdng ngdy cua eao Id 5 g/kg Idm gidm hdm l u y n g glucose huydt 15%, vd khi ngdng diing thudc, hdm l u y n g glucose huydt lai tdng ldn ddn cho ddn khi dgt gid tri ban ddu '^^.
0 ViOt Nam, edn ed mOt sd lodi thuOc chi Rubus cdn chii y nghien edu Id:
- R. aiceaefolius Poir., tOn ViOt Nam Id diim dum hodc mSm sdi.
- R. cochinchinensis Tratt., tdn ViOt Nam Id ngdy h u a n g hogc diim dum h u a n g .
- R. corehorifolius L. P., tdn ViOt Nam Id ngay Id day.
- R. leucanthus Hanee, tdn Vigt Nam Id ngay hoa trdng.
- R. moluecanus L., ten Vigt Nam Id ngdy ddo Moluc.
- R. multibracteatus Levi, et Vaniot, ten Viet Nam Id ngdy nhidu Id bdc.
- R. obcordatus (Franch.) Thuan, edn cd tdn Id R. ellipticus Sm. var obcordatus Foeke, tdn ViOt Nam Id ngdy Id tlm n g u y c .
- R. parvifolius L., edn cd tOn Id R. triphyllus Thunb., tdn ViOt Nam Id ngdy tfa,
- R. pyrifolius Sm., tdn ViOt Nam Id ngdy Id le.
- R. mUexus Ker., tdn ViOt Nam Id ngdy ldng g l - R. rosaek>lius Sm., ten Vigt Nam Id ngdy la hdng.
- R. trianthus Focke, ten Vigt Nam Id ngay ba hoa.
Saccharum officinarum L i n n . , thuOc ho Liia - Poaceae, t d n Vfet Nam Id m i a
ChuOt cdng trang d u y c nudi vdi mOt chd d5 dn ed l u y n g d u d n g cao trong 61 ngdy, nlu d u y c udng thdm phan dogn khdng d u d n g cOa d u d n g den tho chd t d mia, thi s y tdng ndng dO triglycerid, lipid peroxyd vd insulin trang h u y &
TAP CHi Diraa
• Nghien CCFU - Ky thuat
thanh bj u c chd. Phan dogn khdng dudng eung lam gidm ndng dp insulin huydt tuang trong t h u nghi#m dung ngp glucose udng d chuOt cdng trang. Ngodi ra, phdn doan khdng dudng cdn d c ehd s y hdp thu glucose vd fructose qua rudt non cua ehuOt cdng trdng '''^^^.
Cdc hoat chdt 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-O-D- giucosid va 3,4,6-trimethoxy-phenyl-O-D- glucosid chda trong phdn dogn khdng d u d n g ciia d u d n g den chd t d mfa eung lam giam insulin huydt t u a n g ma khdng lam tang glucose huydt t u a n g '^^^l T d phan khdng d u d n g cua djch ep cay mfa da phan lOp d u y c 6 glycan la edc saccharan A, B, C, D, E vd F. Nhung glycan nay gdy ra tac dyng hg glucose huyet ed y nghTa d chuOt nhdt trang binh thudng vd chuOt nhat trang bj tang glucose huydt do alloxan'^^^'.
& Vigt Nam cdn mOt sd lodi khde thuOc ehi Saccharum can chu y nghien c d u Id:
- S. arundinaceum Retz., ten Vigt Nam Id cdy lau.
- S. sinensis Roxb., ten Vidt Nam la mfa lau.
Salacia prinoides D. C , con cd tdn khac Id S. chinensis L., thupc hp Day gdi Celastraceae, ten Viet Nam Id cay chdc mau
MOt phuang thudc dan gian chda dai thdo d u d n g d An D d vdi ten gpi Id "Saptrangi" da d u y c Hpi ddng nghien c u u Y hpc An Dp tham
^ n h Igi. Phuang thudc ndy cd 2 logi la loai vdng va logi nau. Logi vang d u a c chiet t d cdy ehde mau, cdn logi nau Id t d cdy S. macrosperma Wight. ^^°°\ Tac dung ha glucose huydt cua vd rd cay ehde mdu vdi cac lieu luyng khde nhau da d u y c nghien cdu d thd d y e Itic ddi va thd dye cho diing glucose. Vdi lieu cao nudc 0,5-1 g/kg cd tac dyng hg glucose huydt tuang duang vdi tolbutamld trang nghiem phap thd tren s y dung ngp glucose ^^°^.
Sarcopoterium spinosum L., cdn co ten Id Poterium spinosum L. thudc hp Hoa hdng - Rosaceae
Cho thd udng lidu 2 g/kg cao n u d c chiet t d vd re ciia S. spinosum thdy ed tac dung ha glucose huyet'^"^'. Nhung nghien edu lam sang chJ rang thyc td thudc khdng cd dnh hudng den glucose huydt cda ngudi binh thudng, nhung lai ed tac dyng tdt d ngudi bi ddi thdo dudng^"*^'.
Schisandra chinensis Turcz. Ball., hp Ngu v|
- Schisandraceae. Tdn Vi§t Nam la cay ngu vj Bp phgn dung Id qua ( d u y c gpi Id ngu vj tu).
Theo D u y c dien Trung Qude 2000, ngu vj t u
d u y c dCing dd didu tri ddi thdo d u d n g . Cde lignan trong qua d c ehd aldose reductase, ndn hgn chd d u y c bidn chung do ddi thdo dudng (W. L. Li, 2004).
Serophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., hp Hoa mdm sdi - Scrophulariaceae. Ten Vigt Nam Id huydn sdm.
BO phgn diing la rd phai hogc sdy khd. Tac dyng hg glucose huydt ciia huydn sdm khong mgnh bdng dja hoang, nhung thdi gian tde dung Igi kdo ddi. Do dd, v i n ed thd dung trang benh ddi thdo dudng.
Smilax glabra Roxb., hp Kim cang Smilacaceae. Ten Viet Nam Id thd phi^c linh
Bp phgn diing la than re, Djch chidt than rd thd phyc linh cd tac dung lam gidm glucose huyet d chuOt nhat trdng binh thudng vd chupt n h i t bj tang glucose huyet (Tomojy Fukunaga, 1997).
Cao khd chiet ethanol than re thd phuc linh lidu 100 va 200 mg/kg i.p d chupt nhat trang binh thudng lam ha glucose huydt theo thd t y 28,1 vd 39,0%. Khi udng vdi lidu 1 g/kg trong 7 ngay glucose huyet ha 26,8%. Tren chupt cdng trang lieu 100 mg/kg i.p., glucose huydt ha 18,2% sau 2 gid va 22,8% sau 4 gid Tac dung hg glucose huydt khdng anh hudng ddn insulin huyet (Nguyen Nggc Xuan, 2004).
Trdn chupt cdng trang ddng GK bj tang glucose huydt do di truydn, lidu 100 mg/kg i.p., glucose huydt ha sau 2 gid (20,9%), manh nhdt sau 4 gid (27,5%). Cao thd phyc linh de ehd s y tang glucose huydt do adrenalin. Tac gia (N. N.
Xudn, 2004) ket lugn la cao thd phyc iinh co tde dung ngodi tyy, eo the la idm tdng nhgy cam eua mo dfch ddi vdi insulin, cdi thien tinh trgng khang insulin vd dc chd s y tan tgo glucose mdi d gan.
Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, hp Phong ky - Menispermaceae. Tgn Viet Nam la phan phdng ky
BO phgn diing la rd. Cao re phdn phdng ky ed tde dyng phdng ngda tdng glucose huydt do bdo vO ede te bdo beta ddo Langerhans (W. L.
Li vd CS., 2004).
Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Hemsley, con c6 ten Id Eupatorium rebaudianum Bert., thuoc ho Cdc Asteraceae, ten Viet Nam Id co ngpt
Cao n u d e chidt t d la cd ngpt (1 OOg Id trong 1500ml nudc) cd tac dung idm hg glucose huyet d thd bj tang glucose huydt do alloxan. Tdc dyng nay phy thupc vdo lidu diing '^""l Gay tang
TAPCHIDirOC ;&l^ 434 NAM 52)
Nghien CLFU - Ky thugt glucose huydt bdng cdch cho chuOt cdng trdng dn chd dp dn gidu carbohydrat, sau 4 tudn Id, glycogen gan vd glucose huydt sd tdng. Ndu cho thdm 0,1% steviosid chidt xudt td id cd ngpt vdo chd dO dn dd, thi hdm luyng glycogen gan gidm, nhung khdng gidm glucose huydt. MOt chd dO an cd thOm 10% bOt Id cd ngpt (tuang duang khodng 0,5% steviosid trong chd dO dn) thi glucose huydt gidm cd y nghTa sau 4 tudn Id cho dn ^°^\ Steviosid vd bOt Id cd ngpt ddu khdng dnh hudng ddn sy tdng trudng ca thd, luyng thuc dn tidu thy, cung nhu trpng luyng tuang ddi eiia cde md d chuOt cdng trdng.
Syzyglum cumini (L.) Skeels, cdn c6 tdn khdc Id Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce ho$c E.
Jamboiana Lam., thuOc hp Sim - Myrtaceae, tdn ViOt Nam Id vdi rdng
Hgt eiia qud vdi rung da duyc dCing trong y hpc An DO vdi tdn gpi Id "Jamun", Id mOt phuang thudc chua ddi thdo dudng. Nhidu nhd nghidn cuu da thd nghipm dp dyng hgt dd chd thudc Idm hg glucose huydt'^'*'^'^'. Da thd nghigm diing cdc lidu khde nhau 1g, 2g, 4g, vd 6 g/kg eiia hon djch chidt td nhdn hgt khd cCia vdi rdng, thdy rang lidu tdi uu id 4 g/kg idm gidm glucose huydt 42,64%. Trong nhung thf nghiOm ddi chidu, ty lg % hg glucose huydt ciia tolbutamld (250 mg/kg) vao gid thd ba sau khi dung thudc Id 52,1% va cda phenformin id 25%.
Nhung kdt qua nghien edu chi ra rang, nhdn hgt vdi njng d tdt ea eac lieu deu khong gay tdc dyng ha glucose huydt keo ddi. Tde dyng hg glucose huydt ciia tolbutamld thdy rd vdo luc 1 gid sau khi diing thudc, vd kdo ddi thdm chf ddn 5 gid; phenformin cung kdo ddi tdc dyng hg glucose huydt (34,3%) tdi 5 gid.
Cy chuOt edng trdng bj ddi thdo dudng do alloxan, tolbutamld (250 mg/kg) khdng thd hign tdc dyng hg glucose huydt mOt cdch cd 'i/ nghTa, trong khi phenfonnin (20 mg/kg) Igi ed tde dyng hg glucose huydt ddng kd. Khi diing alloxan, cdc td bdo bdta ddo Langeriians (nai gidi phdng ra insulin) bj tdn thuang, tolbutamld khdng thd gdy tdc dyng hg glucose huydt d ehuOt cdng trang bj tdng glucose huydt do alloxan, cdn d diupt cdng trdng blnh thudng, tolbutamld Idm tdng sy gidi phdng insulin ^'"^ nen cd tdc dyng hg glucose huydt.
Nhan hgt vdi rdng Idm gidm ham lupng glucose huydt cd y nghTa d chuOt cdng trdng bj tang glucose huydt do alloxan, chdng to vj trf tdc di,ing CLJa thudc Id d ngodi tyy'^"'. Quan nigm
ndy duyc cung cd thdm khi diing nhan hgt trong 14 ngdy cho chuOt edng trdng bj ddi thdo dudng do alloxan, thdy gidm rd rOt mOt sd thdng sd nhu glucose huydt, cholesterol huydt thanh vd triglycerid trong huydt thanh'^^^'. Nhdn hgt cd tdc dyng hg glucose huydt mgnh han todn hgt, nhung todn hgt Igi kdo ddi tdc dyng ddn 4-5 gid sau khi diing'^'^*".
MOt phdng thf nghiOm d Phdp da chd tgo mOt thudc chda ddi thdo dudng td djch chidt nudc ciJa hgt qud vdi rdng vd thdy sdn phdm ed tdc dyng hg glucose huydt mgnh"^'^.
0 ViOt Nam, ngodi cdy vdi rdng, edn ed mOt sd cdy khdc thuOc ehi Syzyglum cdn chii y nghlOn edu id:
- S. aromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry, cdn cd tdn khde Id Caryophyllus aromaticus L., hodc Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb., tdn Vigt Nam Id dinh huang.
- S. buxifolium Hook, et Arn., tdn Vigt Nam Id trdm Id ed md.
S. formosum (Wall.) Matsam. var ternifolium (Roxb.) Merr. et Perry, cdn cd tdn khdc Id Eugenia temifolia Roxb., tOn Vigt Nam Id dan tudng quan
- S. haneei Merr. et Perry, ten Viet Nam Id trdm hoa nhd.
- S. jambos (L.) Alston, cdn cd ten khdc Id Eugenia jambos L., tOn Vigt Nam Id cay rai bo^c gioi.
- S. laosense (Gagnep.) Merr. et Peny, ten ViOt Nam Id trdm Ido.
- S. maiaceense (L.) Merr. et Perry, ten Vigt Nam Id didu dd.
- S. polyanthum (Wight.) Walp., edn cd tdn Id Eugenia resinosa Gagnep., tdn Vigt Nam Id sdn thuydn.
- S. samarangense (Blume) Meir. et Peny, tdn Vigt Nam Id roi dd.
- S. wightianum (Wight, et Am.) Wall., tdn Vi#t Nam Id trdm trdng.
- S. zeylanicum (L.) DC, tdn Vigt Nam id trdm vd dd.
Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex. HB et Kunth.,
cdn c6 t&n Id Bignonia stans L. ho|c Stenolobium stans (L.) Seem., thupc hp Nile ndc. tgn Viet Nam Id huynh lidnLd cda nhidu lodi thupe chi Tecoma da duyc nhdn ddn Mexico dCing chua ddi thdo dudng.
Cdc alcaloid tecomin va tecostamin phSn l§p
duyc td Id cdy huynh lidn la cdc chdt c6 tac dyng
TAPf-iri^Ti-mr-Hqp nrj/TfliTfifr—nMfil
' Nghien CLFU - Ky thuat
ha glucose huydt ' " • ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ i . jiOm tTnh mgch nudc ham la huynh lien eho chd blnh thudng thdy liic ddu glucose huydt tdng va hg huyet dp, sau dd glucose huydt giam chgm chgp kdm tdng triglycerid huyet. Tac dyng tren mdt sd thdng sd huydt hpc da neu cd lien quan vdi chuydn hod glycogen gan, ma cy the id hogt hod s y phan huy glycogen. Tdc dyng lam hg glucose huydt giai dogn sau la tac dgng phu do s y chuydn hod t d glycogen thdnh glucose da cgn ^^^\
Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. thupc hp Dau - Fabaceae, tgn Viet Nam Id cdt khi tia
Cao cdt khf tfa lam hg rdt mgnh glucose huydt d thd blnh thudng vd thd bj tang glucose huydt do alloxan. Tde dung hg glucose huyet cOa cao tuang duang vdi tolbutamld d thd blnh t h u d n g . 6" thd bj tang glucose huydt, cao gdy tde dyng hg glucose huydt bdng 50-70% so vdi tolbutamld ^°\
Tinospora cordifolia Miers., hp Tidt dg - Menispermaceae. Ten Viet Nam la day than thong
Bd phdn dCing id rd. Cao ethanol re cay day than thong cd tac dyng lam giam glucose huyet vd chdng oxy hod cd Sf nghTa thdng ke d chuOt edng trdng gay tang glucose huydt bang alloxan.
Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., hp Bi Cucurbitaceae. Tgn Viet Nam Id qua lau
Qua ciia cay d u y c gpi Id qua lau, vd qud t h u d n g gpi Id qua lau bl, hgt thudng gpi la qua lau t d , cdn rd cu thudng gpi Id thien hoa phan.
Trong y hpc dan gian, thidn hoa phan d u y c dOng de tn dai thao d u d n g . Nam glycan gdm cdc triehosan A, B, C, D vd E da d u y c chdng minh id Idm giam glucose huydt d chupt nhat trang binh thudng. Triehosan A la glycan chinh CO tac dyng Idm hg glucose huydt d chuOt nhat trang bj tang glucose huyet do alloxan (W. L. Li vd CS., 2004).
Trigonella foenum-graecum L., thupc hp D|iu Fabaceae, ten Vigt Nam Id hd Id ba
BO phdn dung Id hgt vd la. Theo y hpc cd truydn, hd Id ba vda la vj thudc vda la thuc phdm tri ddi thdo d u d n g .
Hat vd cac dich chidt khdc nhau ciia cdy hd 16 ba d u y c diing eho thd dd ddnh gid tac dyng hg glucose huydt tren md hlnh diing nghiem phdp dung ngp glucose, thdy phdn dogn gidu
TAP CHI DirOfetMee—06/30KHS© 434 N A M 52)
alcaloid cd tdc dyng lam gidm glucose huyet ed 'if nghTa'"^'"^'. Cae phdn dogn chiet khdc nhau t d hgt cay hd Id ba cho chd blnh thudng vd ehd bj tdng glucose huydt udng trong 8 ngdy, Tren chd binh thudng, phdn dogn lipid khdng cd tdc dyng; cdn phdn dogn da logi bd lipid Idm hg ndng dd glucose huydt ea bdn vd Idm giam ddng kd s y tang glucose huydt do uong glucose. Diing them phan dogn ndy ciing vdi didu trj bdng insulin cho chd bj ddi thdo d u d n g se idm gidm them s y tang glucose huydt vd Idm gidm glucose nlOu '"•*'.
Tde dung Idm hg glucose huyet cua hd Id ba Id do saponin, acid amin (H-hydroxyleucin) vd alcaloid (trigonellin). Tde dyng chdng tang glucose huydt eon do dc ehd enzym tieu hod carbohydrat (a-glucosidase).
Vaccinium myrtillus L. thupc hp Dd quygn - Ericaceae
Ld da chuydn mdu nau ciia V. myriillus do da dd tfch tri> trong 1-2 ndm, thdy cd chda glycosid Id neomyrtillin. Ham luyng chdt ndy thdp han khi la edn xanh vd d than cdy. Cao chiet t d la dd chuyen mdu sang ndu khi cho thd hogc chupt nhat trdng udng thdy cd tdc dyng ha glucose huydt. Tdc dung nay kem han, ndu Id con xanh hogc than cdy. VI vdy, ngudi ta eho rang, tde dung hg glucose huyet Id do s y ed mat eua neomyrtillin'^^.
Xanthlum strumarium L. thudc hp Ciic Asteraceae, ten Viet Nam Id ke ddu ngipa hogc thuxpng nhT
Chi Xanthlum ed nhidu loai rdt gdn nhau, tuy cdng dung van diing xdp xi nhu nhau. Cf Trung Qudc Id loai X. sibiricum Patrin., d Nhgt Id lodi X. japonicum, d An DO Id loai X. strumarium L.
Cdy ke dau ngua d ta, trudc day v i n d u y c xac djnh theo lodi cua An Dp Id X. strumarium.
nhung gdn day, cd tac gid xac djnh la, loai ke d ta chii yeu Id thupe lodi X. inaequilaterum DC.
Hgt cua cay X. strumarium khi sdc vdi n u d c trong 30 phiit, rdi chidt phan dogn bang aceton vd ethanol, sau do sac ky eOt se d u y c mOt phan dogn cd tdc dyng ha glucose huydt rat ed tridn vpng'^^^. MOt glycosid kdt tinh mau trang cd cong thdc phan t d C3iH4a024S2 phan lap d u y c , cd tac dung Idm ha glucose huydt d thd vdi lidu 1 mg/kg f^^^.
(Ghi chO: Bi biet chi tiit ve tai li$u tham khao, xin lien h$ vai tac gia theo sd dien tha§i: 0167.8386838) 9
