TAP CHl KHOA HQC C O N G N G H g GIAO THt^JNG VAN XAl, SG 22-02/2017
PHAN TICH DO BEN K £ T CAU SO Ml RO MOOC BANG PHirONG P H A P M 6 PHONG StJ" DUNG ANSYS R17.2 ACADEMIC
STRUCTURAL STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF THE SEMI-TRAILER BY SIMULATION METHODUSING ANSYS RI7.2 (ACADEMIC)
Tran Dire, Tr&n Quang Lam, Iran Hieu Nhan Khoa Ky thudt Giao thong, Trucmg Dai hoc Bach khoa Tp HCM Tom tdt: De ddnh gid dp ben ket cdu sa mi ra mode (SMRM), mQt mo hinh mo plidng da dir^rc xdy dimg tren nin tdng phan tu BEAM188 kit hap C0MBIN14 co trong phdn mim ANSYS RI7 2 Academic. Sir dung thong so ket cau dau vao cua mot mau SMRM nhap khdu, LST9400TPB, kit qua mo phong da xdc d/nh duac cac giai hgn bin cua kit cdu SMRM. Tie do, co thi lam ca sa tham khdo.
de xtidt phuang an thiel ke va dieu kien khai thac su dung nhSm nang cao tinh nang an loan khi hoat dong tren dirang cua SMRM
Tit khoa: SMRM, dQ bin kit can SMRM. ANSYS Rl 7 Academic
Abstract; To estimate the strength of semi - trailer structure, a model on the elemental BEAMISS base and C0MBIN14 m software ANSYS R17.2 Academic was built Using input parameters fi-om imported trailer. LST9400TPB, the simulated results show critical conditions of semi - trailer Since then, that can be used to consult, to propose the better design processes and establish warning limit of using vehicles to improve and ensure the best safety and stability of the trailer.
Key words: Semi - n-ailer, strength of semi - trailer structure, ANSYS Rl 7 Academic Chi so phan lo^i: 2.1
1. Gioi thif u
De phan tich, danh gia giai han ben ciia SMRM, bai bao tap trung nghien ciiu, xay dung mo hinh mo phong ket can ciia SMRM trong bai truang hop chiu tai trpng chinh la:
Tnrang hop chiu uon va trucmg hop chiu xoan. Dong thai so sanh voi phucmg phap sir dung phan mem thong dung RDM 6.16 2 0 dS tim ra tiet dien dam chinh dam bao ket cau t6i uu nhat. Thong s6 SMRM cha container LST9400TPB [7] dupe sir dung lam thong s6 tham khao. Day la loai SMRM nhap khau, do tap doan xe tai nang Trung Quoc (CNHTC) san xuSt. Ket qua mo phong cho ta nhiJng thong s6 c4n thi€t d i danh gia dp ben ket cau SMRM, tir do dua ra cac phuang an cai tiin.
2. Co' so- iy thuyet 2.1. Tru'ong hop xe chiu uon Khi lam viec, SMRM chiu tai trong thdng dung tit container xuong dam chinh va cac banh xe ciia SMRM duac xem nhu nam tren ciing mat phing. Ta gia dmh a moi banh xe la mot he thdng treo doc lap co he so dan h6i tuang ung k va 2k. T^i b6n goc ciia mam keo, ta dat b6n g6i lua c6 dinh nhu tren hinh 1 [2]
Hinh 1. Mo hinh tnrang h(rp khiing SMRM chiu uon 2.2.TruBTig hop xe chiu xoan Trong truang hop SMRM chju xoan, mpt trong cac banh xe duoc gia dinh khong ti^p xiic voi mat dit, tuong duong voi thuc te SMRM di vao 6 ga, 0 day, ta gia dinh do la I6p dau tien ben trai nhu hinh 2 [2],
Hinh 2. Mo hinh Inr&ng hap khung SMRM chiu uon 2.3. So sanh vol phiroTig phap sir dung ph5n mIm RDM 6.16 dang 2D
Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, Vol 22, Feb ZOi,
Sii dung phin mSm RDM 6.16 dang 2 0 la phuong phap ph6 bien duoc ap dung trong tinh toan kai c3u SMRM hien nay, Phuang phap nay co uu diSm don gian, de sit dung.
Tuy nhien, nhuoc diem cua no la chua giai quyk bai toan triet de voi ket can khong gian Ngoai ra, viec dieu chinh tiet dien thay d6i tren mot dam ciang la mot van dc can luu y- . . . .
2.4. Toi uu hoa thong s6 ket cau SMRM
DS tim ra kit cau tdi uu cho SMRM LST9400TPB [7], ta giam kich thuoc d3m chinh 1500 x 140 x 6 x 16 thanh dkm 1400 x 140 X 6 X 16 va danh gia kSt qua thu duac
3. Thong so tinh toan
Cac thong so kich thuac duoc xac dmh dua vao mlu thuc ii SIVIRM LST9400TPB.
He so dan hoi k cua 16 xo he thong treo duoc ti6n hanh do thuc te nhu sau diing tai trpng Q = 1530 (kG) = 15300 (N) [7] dSt len toan bo he thong treo (12k) Sir ihay doi chieu cao trung binh mat dam cau duoc ghi nhan trudc co gia in Xo — 1000 (mm) va sau CO gia In X = 995 (mm) [7], ta thu dupe gia tri ciia he so dan hoi.
k = = 2,5 10'(N/mm) I2(x„-x) ^ ^ Gia tri tai trpng dat len SMRM duoc tham khao theo tai trong thiet toi da cho phep cua bo GTVT Q = 32000 (kG) ^ 320000 (N) duoc phan bo deu tren 2 dam I chinh co chiludai L = 12390 (mm):
Q 320000 , q = - ^ = = 12,9{N / mm
2 L 2.12390
He so an toan duoc chon tham khao K = 3
4. K§t qua v^ thao luan 4.1. Truang hop xe chiu u6n De danh gia giai han ben cua khung xe SMRM, ta su dung img suat chay deo ciia vat lieu thep Q345B [5] la vat lieu cha tao SMRM:
[c] = 345 (MPa)
Trong trucmg hpp chiu uon, gia Iri chuyen vi cd gia tri cue dai dat dhmJ^ = 72,7 (mm) tai vi tri duoi xe.
Ung suat Icm nhat co gia trj trhnuv^ 170.5 (MPa) tai mgl goc ciia mam keo
Oe dang nhan thay Ngoai vj tri dat cue dai tai goc mam keo, ung suat tap trung Ion nhat giita dam chinh SMRM Ket qua nay la phii hgp vai truang hap SMRM chju uon Gia tn eye tri nay dat CTB- 37,8 (MPa), thap hon gia tri ling suat cho phep neu vai he so an toan duac chpn la K = 3.
ig hup killing SMRM li,
Hiiili 4. Ung iiial inmg inrang liap kiwiig SMRM t luu uon 4.2. Truimg hop xe chju xoan Doi VOI trirdng hpp xoan, banh dau tien ben trai ciia SMRM dupe gia dinh di vao o ga. Dieu kien bien tai banh nay dupe xem xet bd qua cCing nhu gia tri cua he so dan hoi 6 banh tiep theo duoc giam xuong k Gia tri chuyen vi Ion nhat thu dupe c6 gia tri dimai = 103,4 (mm) tai vi tri cuoi ciing ben trai ciia SMRM Nhu vay, trong truong hap chiu xoan, SMRM co chuyen vi Icm ban trucmg hgp chiu uon
Tuang tir trucmg hgp uon, ung suat Icm nhat ctma>=s 213 (MPa) cung tai vi tri chot keo. iTng suat tren hai dam chinh ciing phan bo tuong ty truang hpp xoan va dat gia tri tan nhat 01=51 (MPa). Tuy nhien. tai dSm trai, img sual co xu huang dat gia Iri Idn han.
Dieu nay co the giai thich la vi banh xe ben trai da di vao 6 ga.
Voi ket qua thu duac, ta de dang nh^n ra truong hpp chiu xoan la trucmg hgp xe d^t trang thai nguy hiem nhat khi lam viec tren duong.
TAP CHl KHOA HQC C p N G NGHE GIAO THONG VAN T A I , SO 22-02/2017
4.3. So sanh vol phuang phap sir dung ph^n mIm RDM 6.16 dang 2D
LTng dung phuang phap sir dung phan mem ROM 6.16 dang 2 0 pho bien hien nay.
Bang 1. Gid tri img sudl vd chuyen
Cac Ihong so dau vao \ky rtr mau xe LST9400TPB, ta thu duoc cac kk qua
Chuyen vj Ian nhat ciia dSm chinh khi tmh toan biing ROM 2D dat gia Xn dRm^ = 20,6 (mm), Trong khi do, ling suat Ian nhdt tai VI tri giila dam dat gia h-i CRma^^ 72 1 (MPa)
De danh gia mire dp an toan ciia SMRM trong qua trinh lam viec, ta so sanh chuySn vi va ling suat trong ba tnrong hgp. Chiu u6n, chiu xoan va sii dung RDM 2D Dua vao bang 1, ta dl dang thdy chuy6n vi trong truong hpp chiu xoSn la Ian nhat. Nhu vay.
day la truong hop khung SMRM mat 5n dinh nhat. Doi vcri ung suat, vi goi tua c6 dinh dupe dat tai bon goc img vdi vi tri ciia mam keo nen se sinh ra img suat tap trung. Do do, ta chi sii dyng gia trj img suat Ion nhat tren dam chinh de danh gia. Vcri ket qua ung suSt thu duoc thap hem gia tri toi han ciia vat lieu, ta thay khung SMRM van con kha nang t6i uu de giam tai trpng
V dai trong ba truang hap
Chuyen vi {mm) Lfng suat {MPa) Bien dang(%) He so an toan K
Uon 72,7 37,8 0,59 9,13
Xoln 103,4 51 0,83 6,76
RDM 20,6 72.1 0,17 4,79
"i'
i^-.
r....:.
•
t ! 1 11 1 1
-oiig iniang hap sii dung RDM
4.4. Toi uu ket can SMRM Sau khi thay doi tiel dien dam chinh, chuyen vi trong tnrang hop chiu uon cd gia tri cue d^i dbnmai = 70,4 (mm) va 6 vi tri duoi, ben phai SMRM.
Hinh 8 lyng sudl Irong irtrang hop
Hinh 9. Onn en i ( uong ii irdiig Imp khung SMRM
U'ng suat Ion nhat ciing tap trung tai chot keo va co gia tri iThniMx= 178 (MPa), tircmg tu nhu truoc khi thay doi tiet dien dam chinh.
I Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, Vol 22, Feb 2017
Phan bo ling suat cung khong thay doi nhieu va d^t gia trj Ion nhat tren 2 dam chinh abn=s 47 (MPa). LTng suat nay vin dap ling duoc giai ban chay deo ciia vat lieu Q345B.
Doi vol truang hop xoan, gia tri chuyen vi Ion nhat dat gia trj dinmn = 100,5 (mm). So
vai truoc khi thay doi ti8t dien dim chinh thi gia tri nay ihay doi nhung khong dang ke.
Ung suat sau khi thay doi ti6t dien co gia tri Idn hon kha nhieu so vai truoc. Tai vi tri chot keo, gia tri ling suat \dn nhat dat cmmaxi 223 (MPa). Trong khi do, img suat Ian nhat tren hai dam chinh dat gia tri ain=5 63 (MPa).
Gia trj nay thay doi kha Ion nhung vln nam trong viing an toan.
Nhu vay, cac gia tri eye tri khong thay doi nhieu khi ta thay doi tiet dien dam. Tuy nhien, gia ung suat tren hai dam chinh lai co su thay doi dang ke Day la van de quan trgng can phai xem xet khi thay dot tiet dien dam
Bang 2. Gid tri c
Thirc te T6iuu
Cliuyen Uon 72,7 70.4
huyen vi va img.
VI (mm) Xoan 103,4 100,5
idl cifc d(ii C n g s u Uon 37,8 47
t(MPa) Xoan
51 63
Nhu vay, viec thay doi tiet dien dam chinh tir 1500 x 140 x 6 x 16 thanh 1400 x 140 X 6 X 16 se giiip giam ty trong cui SMRM ma vln dam bao diSu kien an toan Rhoi luong giam nay dupe quy d6i tuong duong tich giua the tich vat lieu giam duoc va khoi luang rieng (-117 kg).
5. Ket luan
Dp ben ket cau SMRM dirpc danh gia thong qua mo hinh mo phong xay dung tren CO so phSn mem ANSYS R17.2 Academic, thong so dau vao lay tren SMRM LST9400TPB Kgt qua cho thdy:
- Chuyen vi co gia tri Idn nhit tai vi tri cudi ciing ciia SMRM
Ung suat phan bo dSu dgc theo hai dSra I chmh cua SMRM Irong truong hop chiu uon \ a CO \ u huang tap trung nhieu ban tai dam 1 chinh cua ben co banh xe di vao 6 ga trong truong hop chiu xoSn,
- Lfng suat dat gia tri Idn nhSt tai dilm d^t goi tira. TrSn thuc tl, chdt keo nam tren mam keo dupe lien ket vol cac thanh gia cuang ngang va doc. Khi mo phong, de don gian bai loan, ta dat diSu kien bien tai b6n diem dan den hien tuong irng suat tap trung.
Do do, muon giai quy^t triet d l bai toan cSn xay dung mo hinh tinh toan mam keo de giai quyet triet dS bai toan.
- Chuyen vi va img suat trong truong hop chiu uon nhd hon trong truong hpp chju xo3n. Nhu vay, truong hpp chiu xo5n co tinh
TAP CHl KHOA HQC CONG NGHE GIAO T H 6 N G VAN T A I , S 6 22-02/2017 ''
on dinh va dp an loan thap hon truang hop chiu uon.
- Cac gia tri chuyen vi va ung suSt sau khi thay doi tiet dien dam I chinh vln nSm trong khu yyc gia tri cho phep. DiSu nay co nghia la ket cau thye t6 v3n cd thg duac tdi uu.
- So vai phuang phap tinh toan pho bi^n hien nay. Phuang phap sii: dyng ANSYS RI7 2 Academic cho ket qua tin cay ban do mo phong duac ket cku ciia SMRM trong khong gian, dong thai giai quy^t dupe van de tiet dien thay doi tren dam chinh
- Mo hinh mo phong tren da dua ra mot so ket qua dimg de tham khao trong qua irinh thuc nghiem. Tuy nhien, mo hinh van can duac phat trien, dac biet la mo hinh mo phong mam keo dc tang dp chinh xac cho bai toanG
Ghi chu
RDM 16.6: Phan mSm mien phi.
• ANSYS R17 2 Academic: Phan m^m tap doan ANSYS INC, ban mien phi
Tai lieu tham khao
[1] D M. Chauhan, Prof S B Soni, Prof A. M Gohil, Parameinc Optimizalion of Hydraulic Modular Trailer Frame uiing ANSYS (APDL) NUiCONE2012
[2] He Zhigang, Zhu Maotao Development of Model simplifications of Bus Body Connections (ANSYS INC, Resource Library) [3] WJ Evere, I Besselink, H Nijmeiter, 2009.
Development and validation of modular simulation model for commercial vehicles Automotive and Transportalion Systems 1744- 232X (Pnnt).
14] Chu Qu6c T l i k g , Phuang phap phdn lir hSu han.
n h a x u a t b a n k h o a h o c k j ' t h u a i , HaNoi, 1997
|5] T C V N 5575,2012, Kil cau thep - Tieu 'chuSn ihicl kS.
16] Be Giao ThSng Vgn Tai, 2015. QCVNl 1/2015
"Quy chudn an loan ky thugt va bao v4 moi tnrang doi vdi Ra mode vd Sa mi ra mode "
17] Thong s6 ky ihudi SMRM I.ST9400TPB N g a y n h a n b^i: 06/12/2016 N g a y c h u y e n phan biSn: 09/12/2016 Ngiiy hoan t h i n h sira bai: 27/12/2016 N g a y ch^p nhSn d^ug: 03/01/2017
