Tap chi Cong tac Ton giao
DV LjCH TAM LIXH d V)fT NAM HlfN mV- MOT sd KitN NGHI
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u Ijch tdm linh Id mdt hinh thdc du Ijch phat trien manh d nhieu qudc gia tren the gidi, _ ddc biet nhdng qudc gia theo Phdt giao nhu An Do, Nhdt Ban, Thai Lan... 6 Viet Nam, khai niem ndy edn het sdc mdi me du nhung ndm gan ddy, Nhd nudc da quan tam, dau tU phdt bien loai hinh du Ijch nay, coi do Id mdt b^ong nhdng giai phap quan bgng, gdp phan phat bien ben vifrig dat nudc, dua du lich Viet Nam ed sdc canh tranh ngang tam vdi edc nudc cd the manh tren ITnh vuc nay Song s u phdt trien cOa du Ijch tdm linh vdn con khiem tdn vd bat cap, ehua dung vdi tiem ndng vd biUC lUc cua da^ nu^c ta.Theo Phap lenh Du Ijch ndm 1999: "Du lich la hoat dgng cda con ngudi ngoil ndi cu tiii tiiudng xuydn cda minh nham thoa man nhu ciu tiiam quan, glal tri, nghi dudng tiang mdt khoing thdi gian nhat dinh'\ theo T d dien tieng Viet, "tam linh"
la danh tU chi tdm hdn, t n h than (cd t'nh chat Uiieng Hdng) nhu: tdn gido, tin ngudng, dde tin...Nhuvay, xet ve b'nh chat, ngi dung hoat dgng, du lich tam linh (DLTL) thUc chat la loai hinh du Ijch vdn hda, trong do, lay yeu t d vdn hda tam linh vda lam cd sd, vita Idm mue tieu nham thda man nhu cau t n h tha'n eda con nguSi. Theo each nhin nhdn do, DLTL khai thdc nhung yeu tdvdn hda tam linli bong qua binh dien ra cac hoat ddng du Ijch, dua vdo nhuhg gia bi vdn hda vdt the va phi vdt the gan vdi lich s d hinh Uianh nhan thdc t i e gidi, nhung gia bi ve ton gido, tin ngudng vd nhChig gid trj tinh thd'n ddc biet khac.Vi vdy, DLTL la mgt khai nigm rgng, bao gdm nhieu hoat dgng n h u hdnh hiAJng ddn nhuhg diem tdm linh (chua, den, ddi, lang, tam, khu tudng niem); biUC hien cdc hoat ddng bid cOng, chiem bai, cau nguyen, tung kinh.
biien, tham vd'n, phdp thoai..., biam quan, vdn canh, biudng ngoan canh quan va khdng gian kidn bdc, dieu khac g i n v ^ diem tdm linh; t m hieu vdn hoa gan vdi Ijch s d tdn giao, ldi sdng ban dja vd tham gia le hgi t'n ngudng, ddn gian (qudc gl6, le
N G U Y E N X U A N Q U Y N H
hgi den Hung, Id Vu Lan, l l hgi Thanh Gidng...).
Qua dd, DLTL da mang lai cam xde vd bai nghiem thieng Iieng ve t n h than bong khi du lich. Thdng qua do, DLTL gidp con ngudi giai thoat tdm hdn, biao gd cam xOc khd dau, can bang vd edng cd dde t n , dem lai tinh than minh biet, hudng eon ngudi tdi nhung gia bj chan, biien, my. Vdi hinh thdc DLTL, du khdch khdng chi vui chdi, thdm quan md cdn giOp hg tim kiem cac gid tri van hda buyen thdng lan tim lai chinh minh; Idm bdi day ddi sd'ng gidc ngd eOa khdch du lich tai nhdng t^a danh tam linh hp da den. Cyu Tdng thong An Do, Abdul Kalam cho rang: 'DLTL hodn todn khac vdl viec biam quan cdc dja danh vd ngam nhin cac chieu ki'eh vdt ly. DLTL cd nghTa Id thdm vieng bdi f m va tdm tri cda nhuhg bde hien triet...". Vi the, chUdng trinh cda nhieu tour DLTL gan nhu sinh hoat eda edc khda tu vdi gid giac cu bie, vdi cac bai nghiem n h u ngdi yen vd tung kinh; phdp dam;
biien; dU l l xud't gia; biam van; dl thien; phap bioai... Du khdch hda nhap bong vai bd cda mgt bn do, khdng phan biet bidnh phan xd hdi, giai cd'p, gidi tfnh, tudi tdc, dia vj xa hgi. Trong thdi gian dd, nhieu ndi, du khaeh khong dUde hOt thudc, udng oTdu, khdng dugc mang theo cac trd chdi dien t d vd thdc dn mdn...Dieu de nhdn biay Id, neu nhU DLTL d edc nUdc ben bid gidi gan lien vdi hoat dpng tdn giao Uii d Viet Nam, DLTL biUdng hudng ve cdi ngudn, ve vdi cdc b'n ngudng dan gian cOa dan tpc. Vi the, DLTL d Viet Nam ludn gan vdi tdn giao va ddc tin, vdi cdc t'n ngUdng n h u thd cOng td ten, thd Mau, thd anh hung ddn tdc, ngudi eo cdng vdi nudc..., ddy la dac bung the hien ro net va la cd sd phdn biet gida DLTL vdi cdc loai hinh du lich khde. DLTL d Viet Nam ludn gan vdi nhiJfng hoat dpng mang dac tnJhg ton gido, tin ngudng nhu biien, yoga hudng tdi su can bang, sieu thoat trong ddi sdng tinh than, md t e u bieu Id Thien phai Tmc Lam Yen Td. Ben canh dd, DLTL cung cd nhung hoat dgng gdn vdl yeu td linh thieng va huyen bi.
$$11-2014
msmmmHEm
Tap chi Cong tac Ton giao Viet Nam la qude gia ed nhieu tiem nang vdthe manh de phat bien DLTL, the hien d be ddy buyen biong vdn hda, ton giao, tin ngudng; s u da dang, phong phu cda cdc bidng t'ch tdn gido vd sd luong Idn ede l l hdi ddn gian dugc to chdc hdng nam ben pham vi ca nudc. Hien nay, d Viet Nam ed khoang hon 80% dan sd cd ddi sdng tin ngudng, tdn giao, hdn 44.000 dja danh, danh thang, dl tich lich sd, trong do cd nhieu dja danh cd the khai biac DLTL. NhC^g nam vda qua, du Ijch Viet Nam cd su tang tmdng manh me cda DLTL v ^ ty le tren 12% mdi nam. Rieng nam 2013, sd khach qudc te dat gan 7 trieu lugt, tang hdn 10%
so vdi cung ky, bong tdng sd hon 32 trieu lUdt khach du Ijch trong nude, cd t f i 42% du khach biam gia vdo cdc tour DLTL, eho biay DLTL ngay cdng giu vj tri quan bgng trong ddi sdng xd hdi.
Nhu cau DLTL ngdy cang da dang khdng chi gidi han bong khudn kho hoat ddng gan vdi tdn gido md md rgng tdi cdc hoat dgng tinh than, tin ngudng cd tmyen vd nhung yeu td Hnh biieng khac. Hoat dgng DLTL ngay cdng chd dgng, cd chieu sdu vd bd thanh nhu cau khdng Uie thieu b-ong ddi sdng bnh bian cda dai bg phdn nhdn dan. Nhd nudc ngdy cdng quan tam hdn den viec phat bien DLTL, khdng chi ve thd tyc hdnh diinh, mdi budng dau tu, ma cdn tao cd che md cho cdc ca nhdn, doanh nghiep dau tU vdo loai hinh du lich ndy Vi vdy hoat dgng kinh doanh, dau tuvao DLTL duac day manh ke ea ve quy md, tnh chd't vd sd lugng cac khu, diem DLTL d hau het cdc dja phUdng tren ca nudc, tieu bieu nhU den Hung (PhO Thg); Yen T d (Quang Ninh); Bai Dinh (Ninh Binh)...gdp phan tfch cue vdo phdt bien ben vdng, tao viec lam vd thu nhap cho ngudi dan dja phUdng, chuyen dich cd cau kinh te ndng bidn tUndng nghiep sang ket hgp djch vu. Theo GS. Ngo Ddc Thjnh, Giam ddc Tmng tam Nghien cdu vd Bao tdn t'n nguOng Viet Nam: "Phit tiiin DLTL chinh li khai thic yiu ti tivyin tiling vdl tim phat triin cao hdn. Trong ba canh kinh tethl tiudng. viec dau tucho DLTL phai di cao chat lugng. hinh tiidc phuc vu. vda datdudc nhu cau tiiudng thitc tu nhien cda du khach, vita thu dugc lgi nhudn, tao cdng an wee lim cho ngudi dan bin dja". Tuy nhien, dng cung canh bao, vdn hda phai phdt bien hdi hda vdi du Ijch, neu khdng DLTL se t d thanh yeu td pha hoai van hda. Mudn du Ijch VS van hda hai hda ket hgp vdi nhau thi buQc het, vdn hda phai giddugc ban sac cda minh.
Nhd nudc Viet Nam coi DLTL Id nhdn td phat huy gid trj t n h bian. Idng yeu nude, tdng cudng khdi dai doan ket todn dan tgc, phdt huy sdc manh tdng hdp cda da't nude. Tin ngUdng, van hda vda dugc coi Id gia tn cdt Idi cda san pham DLTL, ddng thdi la sgi day ket nd'i tdm hon ngudi Viet Nam vdi ban be qudc te. Do vdy, "\^et Nam ludn tao diiu kien thuan lgi cho hdp tie quoc (e' vi phat triin du lich. ddng thdi tao diiu Iden thuan lgi cho cdc thanh phin kinh te cung tham gia phat tiiin du Ijch ndi chung vi DLTL ndi neng"'". DLTL phai phat bien theo hudng chdm lo, nuoi dudng t n h bian ten bg, lam eho t u tudng, tinh bian bong sang; dau banh, bai tar hd tue, me b'n dj doan. Neu khdng td ehdc tdt, DLTL se sa vao khuynh hudng tam biUdng nhU
"biUdng mai hda" van de tdm linh; lam cho DLTL phat trien tu phat va manh mdn, gay anh hudng den an ninh bat tu, an ninh todn xd hgi, gdy 6 nhiim mdi trUdng, phan cam vdi vdn hda hodc tao cd hgi de nhung ke t u ldi "buon than ban Phdt', thUc hien hanh vi me tin dj doan..v..v...
Mgt so kien nghj:
Trong thdi gian tdi, nham khae phuc nhdng khd khan, han che, gdp phan thuc day DLTL phdt trien dung d|nh hudng eda Nhd nude, can tap tmng thuc hien tdt mgt s d cdng tac trgng tdm sau:
ThU nhit, can ed s u phdi ket hop chdt che gida chinh quyen, ngdnli du lich vd dodn the, ca nhan quan ly cac dia diem DLTL trong viec quan ly, dau tu, phat trien DLTL d tdng dia phUdng. ThUC hien edc chfnh sdeh du lich cd trdch nhidm hudng tdi hd trd cgng ddng dan cU, tang cUdng ndng lUc tham gia phuc vy du Ijch tai khu, diem DLTL; cd cd ehe dieu tie't, tai dau t u vao qua i ly diem den DLTL bang ngudn cdng ddc, ddng gdp tU nguyen cua ngUdi dan vd du khaeh. Phdt huy vai trd cda cgng ddng dan cU, mang lai s u hudng Igi tdi da cho cgng ddng dan c u t a i diem DLTL.
Hai la. giao due, tuyen tmyen ndng cao nhan thdc cOa todn xd hgi ve DLTL, dam bao thuc hien ddng cac quan diem phat trien DLTL. mang lai gia tri tinh than tien bp eho xa hdi, gdp phan tich cUC vdo phdt trien kinh te - xa hgi. ThUc hien chuPng trinh nang cao nhdn bide ve DLTL clio cdc ddi tugng trong viec phat bien du lich cdng ddng gan vdi diem DLTL; tao dieu kien vd dinh hUdng hoat
