T h S . N g u y e n Hiong Tuan ThS. Phijng N g u y e n PhuTtfng ThS. N g u y e n Huy CUdng
T A I S A O P H A I S O H O A T R U Y E N H I N H Tmyfin hinh ky toufit sd su dyng cdc dfl li$u difiu bifin, dugc nen bdng ky toudt sd vd ydu cdu gidi ma bdi bfi gidl md ttofit kfi ridng cho tivi, hay mdt bd ttofit bl rtofin ttdu chufin vdi mfit set-top box, hay mfit PC cd card tivi.
Sd hda tmyfin hirto mdt ddt cd thd duoc tofiu don 0dn Id qud trinh chuyfin ddi cdng nghd phdt sdng/
tou to tmyfin hirto toong to mdt dfit sang tmyfin hirto sd mdt dfit. Qud trirto sfi hda tmyfin hirto mdt dfit dupc toyc todn cd d ptoa phdt vd ptoa tou rtodm
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S « c n 4 t h a n 1 Phong phu h<m!mang Igi tdi da 10 ich cho ngudi xem tmyfin hirto, cho nfin cdng ngtofip trayfin liinh.
Trong tmyfin hirto sd. tm todu hinh dnh vd dm toanh duge trayfin ddn, phdt sdng dudi dgng ddng dfl hfiu sd dd dugc xu ly (tm tofiu tmyfin hinh sd).
Tgi phfin tou (dfiu tou trayfin tonh sd DVB-T2 hofic tivi cd tich hgp ddu tou trayfin hinh sd DVB-T2), tin tofiu trayfin hlnh sd dupc chuyfin ddi ngugc Igi todrto hlnh anh vd dm toarto. Tm todu tiuyfin tonh sd ed tofi tmyfin toeo 3 phuong toue: phdt sdng mfit dat (su dyng anten todng toudng), phdt sdng qua vfi tinh (sil dyng anten vfi tinh), hodc edp (CATV, IPTV). Tmyfin tonh sd sii dyng phuong toflc phdt sdng mdt ddt dupc ggi Id trayfin hinh sd mdt ddt.
Qud trinh sd hda ttuyfin hlnh mfit dfit dang difin la mgrto md ttdn phgm vi todn cdy, bdi:
- Chfit Iupng ego vd hirto dnh vd dm toarto, sd togng kdnh chuang trinh tmyfin hinh dupc tiruyfin tdng Ifin ddng kfi.
TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 (9.2016)
VAN OE 5 1 / K I E N
^M So hoa hoan tat da tat hoan toan cac tin hieu analog
^M Da hoan tat chuyen doi cac tram phat song cong suat cao, nhtrng cac tram cong suat thap c^ira hoan tat
| H Bang trong bin trinh so hoa, hi^n dang phat song song song cd tin hifiu analog va ky Ihugt s6
^M Chira khdi d^ng viec so hda. dang phat song duy nhat tin hieu analog
^^tOiong CO ydjnti so hoa.dangphatsdng duy nhdttin hieu analog H Khfing CO dfl ll#u
Hmh L Bdn d i s6 h6a tmyfin hint! trfin thg gift.
- Ntofiu kdnh chuong trinh, dich vy tiuyfin htnh mdi dypc eung cdp ra tto tmdng ddn tdi nfin cdng nghifip nfii dung, san xufit chuong trinh trayfin hinh cd difiu kifin dfi phdt tofin, Dnh vuc trayfin dfin, phdt sdng huy dfing dupc cdc ngudn lyc, dupc ddu to, phdt tofin toeo hudng chuyfin mdn hda, dgt tofiu qua cao hon nWfiu so vdi tmyfin hinh tuong to mdt dfit
- Ngudn tdi nguyfin tfin sd vd toyfin difin duoc su dung rfit tofiu qud vl mdt kdnh tdn sd cd tod trayfin dupc ntofiu kdrto chucmg trirto trayfin hmh sd. Nfiu rtou vdi trayfin hirto toong to, cto cd tofi truydn tdi
mdt kdnh chuong tiinh tinyfin hinh ttdn mdt kdnh tan sd 8 MHz, tto vdi ky toygt sd tifiu chufin DVB-T2 cho phep tmyen tai khoang 20 ehuong trinh tiuyfin hinh SD ttfin mdt kdnh 8 MHz, do dd trayen hinh sd se cfin it phd tdn sd hon. Say kto kfit toflc qud ttiito sd hda tmyen hlnh, mdt phfin eua bdng tdn UHF dang su; dung bdi tmyfin hinh mdt dfit sd dugc 0 a i phdng. Ddy Id ngudn tai nguyen tfin sd quan ttgng dfi trifin khai cde dich vy todng tin vd toyfin bdng rdng mdi, gdp phfin toue dfiy phdt trifin kuto tfi - xa hdi.
Kto qua trinh sd hda ndy hodn todrto, trayfin hinh sd mdt dfit se toay th6 hodn todn tmyfin hinh toong tii mdt ddt. Tmyfin hinh toong to mdt dfit se ngflng hogt ddng vd dl vdo Uch su nhu tmyfin hirto den ttdng tmdc ddy kto dupc toay thd bdng trayfin hinh mdu.
LO TRINH SO HOA TRUYEN HINH T A I VIET NAM
Nhdn Id 10 ich to ldn md tmyfin hlnh sd mang Iai eho ngudl ddn vd doanh ngtofip, ngdy 27/12/2011, Thfl todng Chinh phu da ky ban hdnh Quyfit diito sd 2451/QD-TTg phd duydt Dfi dn sd hda ttuyfin dSn, phdt sdng tmyfin tonh mdt dfit dfin ndm 2020. Dfi an ehinh toflc khdi dfing to ngdy 01/04/2014 nhdm
Hmh 2: Bang tan d6i du sau so hCB tnjyfin hinh.
TAP CHi CNTT&TT K Y I ( 9 . 2 0 1 6 ) I 9
VAN DE S I / K I E N
" ^ ^ ^
12/2015.5 Bi^nh ph6 ldn nhdm I
12/2016,26 tlnh thufc nh6m II
12/2018.18 tlnh thu»c nh6m III
12/2020,15 tlnh t h u ^ nh6m IV
myc ti6u chuydn 66i ha tdng truyan dSn, phdt sbng tmyfin hinh mat dSt ttr c6ng ngh6 tuong tu sang cOng ngh$ s6 theo hu6ng hi$n dai, lii$u qua vi ma rOng vtog phu song truyfin htah sd mat dfit nhfim phuc vu phfit trifin ldnh tfi, van hfia, xi hfii.
Theo 06 an nfiy, vific thuc hifin sfi hoa song song vdi ngtog phat sfing tmyfin hlnh tuong tu (analog]
mfit dfit vfi chia thfinh 4 giai doan:
+ Giai doan 1 sfi thyc hifin sfi hba tmyfin hinh mat dfit tai 05 thfinh phfi tme thufic Tnmg uong la Ha Nfii |ca|. TP, Hfi Chi Minh, Hai Phfing, Ba NSng vfi Cfin Tho. 05 thinh phfi nay sfi kfit thiic vific phat sfing tfit cfi cac kfinh chuong trinh tmyfin hinh trfin
ha tfing analog, chuyfin hofin toan sang tmyfin hinh sfi mfit dfit mi/jc ngay 31/12/2015.
+ Giai doan 2 se tifin hanh sfi hfia t ^ 26 tinh thufic nhfim 2, bao gfim Hfi Nfii mo rfing (Hfi Tfiy cfl), Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Hfii Duong, Hung Yfin, Qufing Ninh, Thfii Nguyfin, Thai Binh, Ha Nam, Nam Blnh, Nmh Binh, Bfic Giang, Phil Thp, Khanh Hfia, Binh Thufin, Nmh Thufin, Blnh Duong, Bfing Nai, Ba Rja - Vflng Tfiu, Long An, Tifing Giang, Bfin Tre, Vinh Long, Sfing Thap, /In Giang, Hfiu Giang. Du Mfin, cac dai sfi chuyfin ddi hofin toan sang tmyfin hinh sfi mat dfit tmoc ngay 31/12/2016.
+ Giai do?n 3 ngiing phfit sbng tmyfin hinh tuong
ATV
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tna>ordtes ATVfctCMv *
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DTT
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Hmh 3: L6 tnnh so hoa taiyAi hinh tgi Vi$t N a n .
i o |
TAP CHI CNTT&TT KY 1 (9.2016)VAN DE SLT K I E N
to mdt dfit tai 18 tinh toude nhdm 3, bao gdm Thanh Hda, Nghd An, Hd TTnh. Quang Binh, Quang Trt, Thiia Ttodn - Hufi, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Binh. Phd Ydn. Ldm Ddng, Binh Phudc, Tdy Ninh, Tid Vmh. Sde Tidng, Bae Lieu. Cd Mau, Kien Giang. Thdi han chdt eho viec ngimg phat sdng hodn todn tmyfin hinh toong to mdt dfit Id ttudc ,
ngdy 31/12/2018. ' _ + Gial doan 4 ngimg phdt sdng tmyfin
hinh tuong to mdt dfit tai cde tinh cdn lai toude nhdm 4 bao gdm Ha Giang, Cao Bdng, Bdc Kan, Tuyfin Quang, Ldo Cai, Ydn Bdt Lang Son, Difin Bidn, Lal Chdu, Son La. Hda Blnh.
Kon Tum, Gia Lal, Ddk Ldk, Ddk Ndng vdi todi han chdt Id ngdy 31/12/2020.
Vific chuyfin ddi to tmyfin hinh analog sang trayfin hinh sd Id mdt qua tiinh phue tap. ed tde ddng xd hdi rdt Idn. Theo tinh todn so bd, dfi chuyfin ddi ldn tmyfin hinh sd mdt ddt, cde ddi tmyfin hlnh ttfin ca nudc se cdn dfiu to hdng ngton ti ddng dfi ndng cfip vfi cdng nghfi vd ttofit bj (chuyfin ddi 1262 ddi phat tuong to, ttong dd ed 342 ddi phdt ed cdng sufit ttdn IkW). Gial quyfit bdi todn tdi chinh la ctoa khda ddn dfin todito edng eua qud trinh sd hda.
Bd dam bao todnh edng dfi an sd hda tmyfin tonh, ngdy 14/6/2012, Thu todng Chinh phu dd todnh Ifip Ban Cto dao Bd an sd hda tmyfin tonh Vifit Nam do Bd tmdng Bd Thdng hn vd Tmydn todng ldm ttudng Ban, todnh vidn uy vien toude cdc co quan:
Bd Cdng Thuong; Bd Kfi hoaeh vd Ddu to; Bfi Khoa hpe vd Cdng nghd; Bd Tdi ehinh; Ddi Tmyfin hinh Vidt Nam.
Td Oh ngdy 1/11/2015, Dd Ndng da ctonh toue tdt sdng eac kfinh tmyfin hinh analog phat quang bd ttdn hfi todng tmyfin tonh toong to nidt ddt. Dd Ndng trd todnh todnh phd dfiu hfin cua Vifit Nam vd ASEAN tdt sdng tmyfin hirto tocmg tu.
(((f)) 1262
ATV Transmitters
• 3 4 2 transmitters w i t h P ^ l k W
• 9 2 0 transmitters with P S 1 kW
Hmh 4: Hi&i trgng dSi phdt tuong tycua Vi$t Nam.
Til 24h00 ngdy 15/8/2016 da ngimg phat sdng todn bd cdc kdnh tmyfin hinh toong to mat ddt tgi dia bdn 4 thdnh phd Hd Ndi, Hai Phdng, TP. Hd Cto Mmh, Cdn Tho.
Nhu vdy, giai dogn 1 eua dfi dn dd dugc hodn todito va toue todn todnh edng, dii cd ehdm hon 08 todng so vdl kfi hoach ddt ra. Ngudi ddn tgi 05 todnh phd nay va cde vimg ldn cfin ed thd dung dfiu tou ky toudt sd mdt ddt DVB-T2 hofic ttvi tieh hop DVB-T2 dfi tou sdng ttuyfin hinh sd mdt dfit DVB-T2 midn pto, sd kdnh tou duoc cd tofi to 26 kdrto ldn dfin hon 70 kdnh toy toude vao timg khu vuc.
Vide trifin khai toanh cdng giai doan 1 cua dfi dn sd hda, da eho tody ede quyfit sdeh ldn, dimg ddn vd sd hda tmyfin hinh vd cd thd nit ra dugc ntofiu bdi hoc kinh ngtodm quy eho qua trirto tiifin khm cdc giai doan ttfip toeo cQng nhu cho cdc nudc khde cd difiu kidn toong to Vidt Nam. Dd Id nhitog bai hpe vfi:
- Quy hoach tan sfi diito hudng trifin khai mang don tdn SFN; quy dinh bdt budc tich hgp tlnh ndng tou duyfin hinh sd DVB-T2 vdo mdy tou tonh;
- Thdng tin toydn toiydn, ndng eao nhdn toiic cua nguoi dan vfi sd hda tiuyfin hinh, dde bidt Id toydn tmyen ttdn hd todng tiiiydn toanh xd/phudng, hop tfi dan phd dfi toydn tmyfin, hudng ddn va phdt td
TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 9 . 2 0 1 6 ) I 1 1
^ V A N D E S I / K I | N
loi vd sd hda;
- Tdt sdng tmyen hinh tuong to mdt dat toeo 2 budc tto mdi dja ban |tdt sdng mfim: tfit ede kdnh khdng ttofit yfiu tnrac, sau dd mdi tdt ede kfinh ctonh);
- Hd tta Set-top box eho ede hd ngheo, can ngheo to quy dieh vu vien todng cdng Ich vd ngan sdeh dja phuong.
3. KINH NGHIEM TRIEN KHAI SO HOA TRUYEN HINH CUA MOT SO QUOC GIA CHAU A
Tai Thdi Lan, lfi trinh sd hda bdt dfiu to todng 2/2012, cde doarto ngtodp tmyfin ddn phdt sdng DVB-T2 dugc efip phdp tfin sd toeo cdc gdi dich vu bao gdm: djch vu touong mai (commercial), djch vy cdng cdng (public) vd djch vu cdng ddng (commutoty). Ndm 2013, Thdi Lan dd td chirc dfiu gid quyfin cung cfip gdi dieh vy touong mai vd tou vd eho ehiito phu 1. 118 tridu Euro. Ndm 2014, Thai Lan ttfip toe tfi chirc tto toyfin dfi chpn la doanh ngtofip cung cfip gdi djch vu edng edng.
Cho dfin nay. hd todng tmyfin hinh sd mdt ddt DVB-T2 t9i Thdi Lan dd phdt trifin nhanh ehdng vdi gfin 40 difim phdt sdng chinh vd 24 difim phdt sdng bd sung, phii sdng dfin hon 85% sd hfi gia dinh ttdn ed nudc. Vdi mfit lo^t eae ehiito sdeh toiic dfiy tmydn hinh sd mdt dfit nhu: hfi ttg dfiu tou tmyfin hinh sd mdt ddt; phat sdng tme ttfip cdc su kifin tofi toao ttdn sdng DTT; ehuyfin ddn ndi dung phat
sdng trdn tmydn hinh tuong to sang tmyfin hinh sd, eo cdu tto tnrdng toiyfin tonh Thdi Lan dd vd dang toay ddi nhanh chdng. Tinh dfin todng 2/2016, ty Id ngudl xem tmydn hlnh sd da ldn dfin 4 1 % sd ngudi xem tmyfin tonh mdt dfit tto Thdi Lan.
Nhdt Ban, qude gia da hodn todnh sd hda truyfin hinh to ndm 2012 cd ntofiu kinh ngtodm vd edng tae todng tm toydn tmyfin citog nhu ndng cao nhfin toiie cua ngudi ddn vfi sd hda tmyfin tonh. Chinh phu Nhdt Ban rfit ehd ttgng dfin vfin dfi ndy, ntofiu gial phap tmyfin todng da dugc dp dyng rdt tofiu qua tai Nhdt Ban nhu: todng bao kfi hogeh vd Id trirto tdt sdng ATV ttfin sdng tmyfin hinh toong to vdl tfin suat ngdy cdng tdng cho dfin kto ngdng phdt sdng ATV (tdt mfim); ngimg phdt sdng tmyfin hinh toong to ttong ngdy vdi todi 0 a n ngdy edng toiifiu eho dfin kto ngimg phdt sdng ATV; td ehiie ede budi hgp ddn cu cung cdp todng tm; ttofit Ifip tdng ddi hdi ddp; tmyfin todng bdng xe loa Iuu ddng, qudng cdo, phdt td roi, td ehiic cde hogt ddng cdng ddng dfi toydn tmyfin vd sd hda;...
Lidn quan dfin vdn dd qudn ly chdt togng ttofit bi tou tiruyfin hinh sd mdt dfit DVB-T2, Sony ddnh gid eao nd luc eiia cde qudc gia ttong khdi ASEAN ttong dd cd Vifit Nam dd todng rtodt vd ban hdnh dugc tifiu chufin k? toudt ehung eho ttofit bi tou tmyfin tonh sd mdt dfit DVB-T2. Vlfie xdy dung vd dp dung Udu chufin ky toufit ehung, su dyng toii toe do kifim chimg rdng rdi sd mang lal rtoifiu tdc dung tich eye, giam ttofiu rui ro eho th; tmdng tinfit
Hinh 5: Can nh&i giOa truy&i hinh vS di dOng bang lidn kfi^
iMfitf n^rtnncB—CIM to ffw
I TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 ( 9 . 2 0 1 6 )
VAN DE SI/ KIEN
bl tou tiuyfin hinh sd vd giam gla thdnh ttofit bl, mang Igi loi ich eho ngudi tieu dimg. Sony eiing cho rdng vfin dfi chat lugng tou truyfin hinh sd mdt dfit Id ttdch ntodm cua tat ea eae ben Iidn quan, to khdu tiuyfin dfin phdt sdng dfin ttofit hi tou tin to$u sd. Vl vfiy, bdn carto vific xdy dung vd dp dung tidu chufin ehung cho ttofit bi tou tmyen hinh, cfin xdy dung vd dp dung tidu ehufin chung phii hgp cho may phdt tiruyfin hirto dfi khdu phat sdng vd tou tin tofiu dugc dn khdp, dam bao dd dn dinh cho vide tou xem tiuyfin hinh sd mdt ddt eua ngudi dan.
Mdt vdn dd eOng cfin phai quan tdm Id can ntodu vd phuong dn xu ly can ntofiu gitta hfi todng uuydn hinh sd mdt dfit dang hoat dfing trong bdng tfin [470 - 694) MHz vd hfi todng todng tin to ddng LTE duoe tofin khai hoat ddng ti:dn bdng tdn (694 - 806) MHz.
KET LUAN
Dfin ndm 2020, todn qudc se ehuyfin to tmyfin tonh analog sang tmyfin hiito sd mdt dfit. Theo dd, khodng 8,5 tofiu ttvi ciia cde gia dirto se khdng tou dupc tto tofiu nfiu khdng Idp todm ddu tou tmyfin hinh sd mdt dfit ho$e cd ttvi dugc tich hgp DVB-T2.
Qud trinh ehuyfin dfii sd hda tmyfin hinh Id mdt
qua ttinh Idu ddt phirc tgp, ed tae ddng ldn ddi vdl cdng ddng, xd hot dfic bifit Id ddi vdl cde nudc dang phdt trifin do sd luong ldn ngudl dfin ngheo khdng du ttfin mua cae set-top box, tivi dugc tich hgp DVB-T2 va eac nha dai phai bd mdt khoan tien ldn dfi toay ddi may phdt toong to sang sd.
Be giai quyfit bdi toan ndy, eac hd nghfio, hd edn n^fio, gia dinh chinh sdeh se dugc hfi ttg ddu tou ky toufit sd to ngdn sdeh qu? dieh vy vl§n todng edng ieh vd ngdn sdeh dia phuong vd Bd Thdng tto vd Trayfin todng da ed quy djnh to todng 4/2014 ttvi san xufit tai Vifit Nam hodc nhdp khfiu ed man hinh to 32 mch ttd ldn dfiu phai dugc tich hgp tinh ndng tou tiuyfin liinh sd mdt dfit toeo chufin DVB-T2.
Sd hda tmyfin tonh Id mfit qua trinh tfit yfiu, dfi tmyfin hinh Vifit Nam bdt kjp vdl thd gldi, dem Igi ntofiu Ipi ieh cho ngudi dimg, tidt kidm tdi nguyfin phd tfin eho qudc gia. Vdi kinh ngtodm trifin khto toanh cdng cua 0 a i dogn I kto tdt sdng tuong to d 05 todnh phd Idn tiyc toude tiung uong, vific hodn toanh tdt sdng toong tu d 26 tinh vdo cudi ndm nay eitog nhu hodn todnh dfi an vdo 12/2020 td hodn todn kha tto.
TAP CHi CNTT&TT KY 1 (9.2016) | 13 ,
