HirdNG Tdl CONG D6NG ASEAN DOAN KjfcT,

Nghiin cdn Quoc tisS 3 (90), 912012:37-49.

HirdNG Tdl CONG

D 6 N G

ASEAN

DOAN

KjfcT,

V O J G MANH VA RONG Md

Phgm Binh Minh*

Tdm tdt

45 ndm trudc ddy, tgi Bdng Cdc, ngdy 8/8/1967 Hiip hpi cdc qudc gia Ddng Nam A (ASEAN) dd tuyin bd ra ddi, ddnh ddu mdc ljch su quan trpng, md ra mpt giai dogn hpp tdc mdi cua cdc nudc Ddng Nam A, Id tien de quan trpng cho tien trinh xdy dung Cpng ddng ASEAN ngdy hdm nay. Ngay tic khi thdnh lap, ASEAN dd ddt m^ic tieu cao cd Id uu tiin thuc day tdng trudng kinh te, tien bp xd hpi, phdt trien vdn hda, tdng cudng hf/p tdc giup dd Idn nhau giiia cdc nudc thdnh viin cung nhu thiic ddy hda binh, dn dinh trong khu vitc. Bdi viel ndy tdng kit chdng duong 45 ndm phdt trien ciia ASEAN vdi nhimg thdnh tuu ndi bgt trong ITnh v(/c lien kit, hpp tdc khu v{rc vd de cdp din nhimg ddng gdp quan trpng cua Viet Nam tren con dudng xdy dung vd phdt trien Cpng ddng ASEAN.

ASEAN - 45 ndm hudng tdi m9t tam nhin, m$t ban sdc, m^t CQDg dong

Tir 5 quoc gia Ddng Nam A dau tidn ddt biit ky vdo bdn Tuydn b6 Bang Coc, ngdy nay Hidp hdi da gIm 10 nudc, bao triim hau hit khu vyc

tiy vien Trung ucmg Ding, BO tnrdng Ngo^i giao Vift Nam.

Bit ngogi Vl^ Nam

Dfing Nam A vdi diin tich 4,5 triiu km'. Cic nudc ASEi\N cd din s6 khoing trin 600 triiu ngtrdi, vdi nin vin hda hit sic da dang, phong phii vi d$c sic. ASEAN dang li mfil khu vyc kinh ti ning dfing vi phit triin eao. Trong bdi cinh kinh ti thi gidi liin lye suy giim, cic nin kinh li ASEAN vin dat t6c dfi ling trudng duong, blnh quin trin S%/nim vi in djnh, vdi tdng GDP ci khdi dat 3,2 nghin ll USD My.'

Khi ASEAN mdi thinh lip, di cd khfing It hoii nghi vi tinh khi thi cua td chic mdi ra ddi niy sau nhthig nd lyc khfing thinh nhim thiit l§p cic khufin khi hpp tic khu vyc trudc dd, ciing vdri nhihig myc tiiu tham vpng dit ra trong Tuyin bd Bing C6c (dit trong b6i cinh ljch s i lie dd).

Trii qua 45 nim chung tay nS lyc, cie qudc gia trong khu vyc di timg budc vupt qua cic rio cin cia ljch su vi nhihig khiic bifit, ciing chung tay diy manh hpp tic, ting cudng liin kit dudi mfit mii nhi ASEAN, cung phin diu vi eie mye tiiu chung li hda blnh, in djnh vi hpp tic, phit triin.

Ngiy nay, ASEAN di khing djnh minh, khdng ehi trd thinh mpt thyc thi chinh trj - kinh ti quan trpng d khu vyc Ddng Nam A, mi dang m* rpng vi phii huy vai trd d ci khu vyc chiu A - Thii Binh Duong, vdi uy tin vi inh hudng tiin toin ciu.

Ljch s i phit triin cia ASEAN di trii qua 4 diu moc quan trpng dinh diu cie budc phit triin ldn cia cpng ddng ASEAN. Giai doan Unh thinh vi khing djnh tinh ding din vi sy cin thiit cua.Hiip hfii diin ra ti nim 1967 tdi gitta nhOng nim 70 eia thi ky 20. Sy phit triin eia mii quan hi khing khit gitta cic quoc gia thinh vien di dua tdi sy lain quan trpng: ngiy 24/2/1976, tai Bali, In-dfi-ni-xi-a, Hiip udc Thin thiin va Hpp tic d Dfing Nam A (TAC) hay cdn gpi li Hiip udc Bali, da ra ddi ' Theo s6 lifu th6iig k8 eta ADB nam 2011 (PPP).

38 9/2012

Nghiin citu QuSc tisS 3 (90)

vdi myc tieu thiic ddy hda binh vTnh vien, tinh h&u nghi vd hpp tdc ldu ben gifta nhdn ddn cdc nudc thdnh vidn, gdp phdn tdng cudng siic mgnh, tinh dodn k^t vd quan h$ ch$t chd hem gifta cdc nudc Ddng Nam A.

Vdi sy tham gia ciia Vi$t Nam ti^p theo Id Ldo, Mi-an-ma, vd sau dd Id Cdm-pu-chia, ldn ddu tidn trong Ijch su Ddng Nam A sy d6i ddu dd chinh thiic chdm diit, md ra thdi k^ mdi ciia hda binh, hpp tdc vd phdt tri^n. Trdn co sd mOt n^n hda binh vfltig chdc cimg vdi y nguydn chung tay xdy dyng mdt cpng dong phon thjnh, thdng 12/1997, tgi Hdi ngh) Cdp cao khdng chinh thdc tgi Kua-la Ldm-po, nhan ky ni§m 30 ndm thdnh ldp, ASEAN dd thdng qua vdn ki?n Tdm nhin ASEAN tdi 2020 vdi myc tieu tong quat dua Hi?p hOi trd thdnh "mpt nhdm hdi hda cdc dan tpc Ddng Nam A, gdn bd trong mpt cdng d^ng cdc ddn tdc diim bpc Ian nhau". Tam nhin ASEAN 2020 la vdn ki^n quan trpng ddt nen tang cho y tudng xay dyng Cpng ddng ASEAN d nhiing ndm sau dd. Y tudng ve mdt cpng ddng da ra ddi vd trd thdnh quyet tam khdng gi lay chuydn ndi cua cdc quoc gia nhd bd muon gdn ket vdi nhau thdnh mpt kh6i thdng nhdt hiing mgnh vi myc tieu xdy dyng mpt ndn hda binh mdi mdi, mang Igi phon thjnh cho khu vyc, vi hanh phiic cua nhan ddn.

Thdng 11/2007 tai Hpi nghi Cdp cao ASEAN ldn thd 13 d Xinh-ga- po, Hidn chuong ASEAN, vdn ki?n quan trpng hdng ddu cua Hi?p hpi, dd dupc ky kdt tgo khudn kho phdp 1^ vd the che ho trp ASEAN gia tdng lien ket khu vyc va xdy dyng c0ng ddng.

45 ndm qua, khdt vpng^hda binh vd phdt trien ludn la spi chi dd xuydn sudt chidu dai hogt dpng ciia cdc nudc thanh vidn Hi?p hpi. Doay k^t, hpp tdc cung phdt trien ludn ludn Id xu thd chu dgo, Id chdt keo kdt dinh chat che quan he giua cac qudc gia trong Hi?p hpi.

Bit ngogi ViflNam Ngiy nay, hpp tic vi liin kit ASEAN dang budc vio giai do?n phit triin mdi vdi nhOng budc chuyin manh mi vi chit, hudng din mvB tiiu trd thinh mfit cfing ding gin kit vi chinh trj, vflng manh vi Kinh te vi dira bpc, chia si lin nhau gitta cic qudc gia vio nim 201S, Trong tiin trinh dd, ngudi din cie nudc ASEAN, ddi tupng trung lim mi Cfing dong ASEAN hudng tdi, si dupc sdng trong mdi trudng hda blnh, in djnh vi hda hpp;

dupc tao diiu kiin phit triin bin vfhig vi thjnh vupng trong mfit khdng gian kinh ti md, cd khi ning canh tranh cao; dupc tiip c ^ vdi cie djch vy vi phuc lpi xi hfii toin diin, vdi cic gii trj vi bin sic vin hda d$c sic dupc gin gitt vi tdn trpng. Cing vdi viic diy manh triin khai cic Ki hoach tdng the ve Kit ndi ASEAN vi thu h^p khoing cich phit triin, ASEAN dang no lyc thiic diy sy phit triin ddng diu giiia cic ving miin, gitta cic quoc gia Irong Hiip hfii, bio dim ci 10 qudc gia thinh viin diu cimg din dich hinh thanh cfing dong nhu myc tiiu di di ra.

Khu ytfc lien kit miy vdi vai trd trung tam ciia ASEAN ASEAN di trd thinh hat nhin thu hit vi gin kit sy tham gia cua gan 20 doi tie, trong dd cd cic cudng qudc vi trung tim ldn trin thi gidi vio cic tiin trinh ddi thoai vi hpp tic d khu vyc do chinh ASEAN khii xudng vi gitt vai trd chi dao. Quan hi dii tho^ theo khufin khi ASEAN+1 dupc ASEAN thiit lip vdi 10 ddi tie gdm 6-xtriy-li-a, Ca- na-da, Trung Qude, Nhit Bin, Hin Qudc, Lien minh chiu Au, An Dp, Hin Quoc, Niu Di-lin, Nga, My, Liin Hpp Qude vi mfit ddi tic theo linh vyc li Pa-ki-xtan, trong dd nhliu ddi tic di xiy dyng quan hi vdi ASEAN ngay tu nhttng ngiy diu mdi thanh l§p vao nhttng nim 1970.

Thdng qua cic quan hi niy, ASEAN di tranh thi dupc sy ing hfi va ho lip ding ke cia cic ddi tic cho no lyc diy m ^ hpp tie vi ling cudng liin kit khu vyc cua Hiip hfii cflng nhu cing chung lay giii quyit cic van di ehung tie dfing din khu vyc.

40 9/2012

Nghien cdru Qudc tisS 3 (90)

Bdn cgnh dd, ASEAN c0ng khdi xudng vd chd tri nhi^u khudn khA vd CO ch^ hpp tdc khu vyc quan trpng nhu ASEAN+3 (Trung Qu6c, Nh|lt Ban, Hdn Quoc). Hpi nghj Cdp cao Ddng A (EAS - vdi 8 d6i tdc Id Trung Qudc, Nhdt Bdn, Hdn Quoc, An DO, 6-xtrdy-Ii-a, Niu Di-Idn, Nga vd My), Dien dan Khu vyc ASEAN (ARF - vdi 27 d6i tdc). Cdc diln ddn nay, vdi sy tham gia cua cdc doi tdc ldn vd nhd, trong va ngodi khu vyc.

moi CO che cd nhOng d§c thii ridng, dd tgo thdnh mgng ludi dan xen ndm trong mdt cdu tnic khu vyc md vdi ASEAN d vj tri trung tdm, cimg hudng den myc tieu chung Id thiic ddy d6i thogi, hpp tdc vi hda binh, on dinh, hpp tdc vd phdt tridn d khu vyc. Trong khi ASEAN+3 tgp trung nhi^u hon vdo hpp tdc kinh tl, thuong mgi, tdi chfnh do lich sd hinh thdnh CO che ndy xudt phdt tir nhu cdu khde phyc hgu qua khung hodng tdi chinh khu vyc nhihig ndm 1997-1998, thi HOi nghi Cdp cao Ddng A (EAS), Id khudn kh6 mdi di vdo hogt dOng tu ndm 2005, nhung dd phdt huy vai trd quan trpng la dien dan md dd cdc Nhd Ldnh dao trong khu vyc ciing trao ddi cdi md vd thdng thdn vd cdc van de mang tam chien lupc, bao gdm cd hpp tac chinh trj - an ninh, kinh te - thuong mai ciing nhu ling phd vdi cdc thdeh thiic dang ndi ldn nhu thidn tai, dich bdnh...

Trong quan he vdi cac ddi tdc ben ngoai, ASEAN ludn the hi?n la mpt thyc thd vdi tieng ndi chung, ddng thdi ddng vai trd djnh hudng, ddn ddt cac ndi dung thao ludn va cdc uu tidn hpp tac tgi cdc dien dan khu vyc do ASEAN khdi xudng kd tren. Vai trd trung tam cua ASEAN ludn dupc cac ddi tac tdn trpng va ddnh gid cao bdi ASEAN da phdt huy tich cyc hinh dnh "ngudi trung gian trung thyc", no lyc dieu hda, gan kdt va cdn bdng cdc mdi lpi ich dan xen d khu vyc. Tgi cdc dien ddn da phuong lidn khu vyc va toan cdu nhu ASEM, APEC, Lien Hpp Quoc ciing nhu d cdc nudc ddi tac, ngudi ta ludn^in thay hinh dnh mOt ASEAN gdn bd chdt che, ciing phdn dau cho hda binh, hpp tdc, phdt tridn vd cdc gid tri chung ciia nhan loai.

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Bil ngogi VlflNam Vai t r i trung tim cia ASEAN trnng ting cuimg hpp tic an ninh vl hia blnh vi in d|nh trong khu vyx

Xiy dyng mfii trudng khu vye hda binh vi An djnh \d phit triin vi phin vinh lufin li mii quan tim hing diu cia cie nudc Dfing Nam A vin li nhttng qudc gia nhd bi chju nhiiu dau khi bdi khic biit vi bit ding, bdi tranh chip vi xung dfit, bdi chia cit vi chiin tranh. Chinh vl v^y, ddng gdp cho myc tiiu niy khfing chi dupc khing djnh trong nhiiu vin kiin quan trpng khic nhau cia ASEAN, mi cdn dupe thi hiin thfing qua cic sing kiin da dang, phong phi vi mang tinh Iiu dii. Mfit trong nhttng sing kiin dd li ASEAN di thinh l$p vi din dit Diin din Khu vyc ASEAN (ARF) nim 1994.

Vdi tiiu chi ddng gdp hiiu qui cho hpp tic vl hda binh vi in djnh trong khu vyc chiu A - Thii Binh Duong, thudng xuyin trao doi siu ve tinh hinh an ninh khu vyc vi qudc ti cung cic biin phip xay dyng Idng tin da dang, phong phi vi hiiu qui, ARF di khfing ngimg phit triin ke ei ve sd lupng thinh viin lan chit lupng hpp tic. Din nay, 27 nudc tham gia di thic diy tien trinh ARF phit triin manh ci ve qui mfi lan nfii dung hpp tic, trd thinh dien din hing diu ve an ninh trong khu vye, dupc toin the gidi quan tim vi Iheo dfii. Trin thye te, Diin din ARF hing nim da li diem h^n eia cic quan ehie ngoai giao vi qudc phdng Irong khu vyc, li noi cie nudc trao dii edi md vi thing thin vi cic vin di an ninh, ki ci nhttng thich thic dang nil lin.

Khong ehi dimg lai d trao ddi chung ehung, vdi quyit tim phit triin qua ba giai doan chi yiu li xiy dyng ldng tin, ngoai giao phdng ngua vi xiy dyng cic cich tiip c$n chung di giii quyit xung dfit, nhttng nfii dung hpp tic cia Dien din di vi dang dupe thic diy siu vi rpng hon, bao gom nhieu linh vyc khic nhau, t i phdng chdng thiin tai tdi chdng pho bien vu khi sit thuong hing loat vi giii tru quin bj.

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Nghiin citu QuSc tisS 3 (90)

NhOng thdnh cdng trdn day ciia ARF chinh Id dya tren cdc nguydn tdc hogt dOng.cua ASEAN. Dd chinh Id dong thudn, ti§m tiln, khdng can thi^p. Dd cung chinh Id phuong cdch Idm vi^c cua ASEAN, ludn do ASEAN lam Chu tjch. ludn do ASEAN xdy dyng nghj sy. Chuydn sang giai dogn phdt tridn mdi, ngogi giao phdng ngira, vdi ASEAN d vj tri trung tam, ARF dang khdng ngimg phdt tridn, khdng ngimg vuon Idn, vira Cling cd vj tri la diln ddn hdng ddu trao doi ve an ninh trong khu vyc vira ddng gdp hi?u qud cho xdy dyng mdi trudng khu vyc hda binh, 6n djnh vi hpp tac va phdt tridn ciia cdc dan tOc.

Nhieu ndm qua, hda binh, on dinh, an ninh vd an todn hdng hdi trdn bidn ndi chung vd trong khu vyc Bien Ddng ndi ridng ludn la moi quan tam hang ddu ciia tdt cd cac nudc trong va ngodi khu vyc. Bidn Ddng da trd thdnh mpt chu de trao doi trong nhieu khudn kho cua ASEAN vd khu vyc. Tir nhiing trao ddi tan mdt, ngdy nay cdc nudc trong vd ngodi khu vyc thudng xuyen dd cap tdi tinh hinh Bien Ddng tgi nhieu didn dan khac nhau, nhat Id nhOng dien dan do ASEAN thanh Igp vd dan ddt.

Trong ndi dung ndy, mOt lan nfta, ASEAN dd thd hidn dupc vai trd trung tam ciia minh. Tir ndm 1992 den nay, ASEAN da cd nhieu Tuydn bd khde nhau vd tinh hinh Bidn Ddng. Ndm 2002, ASEAN da cimg Trung Qudc ky Tuyen bd ve ling xit cua cdc ben d Bidn Ddng (DOC).

Tuyen bd nguyen tdc 6 diem ciia ASEAN vd Bidn Ddng vira dupc thdng qua gan day dd the hi^n quan tdm chung va cdch tiep can chu dgo ciia Hidp hOi ddi vdi cdc van de trdn Bidn Ddng, ddng thdi ciing cho thay khd ndng ciia ASEAN trong xay dyng ddng thudn, thiic day doi thogi va hpp tac vd tdt ca cac npi dung trao ddi trong khu vyc.

Nhdn thuc chimg cua ASEAN ve Bidn Ddng Id luat phap qudc td, trong dd cd Cdng udc Lugt Bidn ciia Lidn Hpp Qudc 1982 (UNCLOS

Bil ngogi Vi4l Nam 1982) cin phii dupc tdn trpng vi thue hiin diy di. Dong thdi, cic nguyin tic cia khu vyc, nhit li Tuyin bd vi irng x i cia cie bin d Biin Ddng (DOC) cflng phii lufin dupc di cao, tfin trpng vi thye hiin mfit cich nghiim tic, triit di. Hiin nay, ASEAN di sin sing vi mong muon trao dii, thda thujn, tiin tdi ky kit mfit Bfi quy tic ing x i (COC) vdi Trung Qudc di ddng gdp vio duy tri hda binh, in djnh trong khu vyc,

ASEAN doin ket xiy d ^ g C$ng dong

Trong qui trinh ting cudng liin kit vi diy manh hpp tic, ASEAN tiip tyc phit huy chi truong giii quyit mpi khic biit tren tinh thin

"Phuong cich ASEAN" di cao doin kit, tham vin vi dong thuin. Mfit vin di xiy ra d khu vyc, di cd tic dfing tryc tiip hay giin tiep din cic nudc thinh viin, vin lufin dupe ca 10 nude cing quan tim, trao doi de lim ra giii phip chung. Thyc te cho thdy, ngoii vin di Biin Dfing, cic van de t i an ninh truyin thong cia cie khu vyc khic cing nhu tai chiu A, cho den cic van de an ninh phi truyin thing nhu phit Iriin bin vihig, bio vi vi s i dyng hiiu qui nguon nude sfing Mi Cfing, giim fi nhiem khdi mil xuyin biin gidi... di trd thinh ehi di dupc ci Hiip hpi eung chia si, di ra hudng giii quyit phi hpp.

Tinh doin kit ASEAN cdn dupc thi hiin trong tinh huong mfit nudc hay gitta mfit vii thinh viin vdi nhau cd khd khin, ci khoi cing tham gia ho trp lich cyc theo tinh thin xiy dyng vi doin kit ASEAN nhung van tdn trpng nguyin tic co bin li khdng can thiip.

Di hudng tdi mpt cfing dong liin kit chit chi vi toin diin vao nim 2015, ngoii nhihig no lyc xiy dyng cfing dong an ninh vihig manh, ASEAN dang nd lyc hon nita U-ong viic hoan thinh diy di vi cd trich nhiim cic cam kit khu vye, xiy dpng Cfing ddng Kinh ti, Cfing ddng VSn hda - Xi hfii ASEAN. NhOng biin phip kinh ti si dupc thue hiin

Nghien ciu Quic lisi 3 (90)

quyit liit hon ntta nhu md cua thj trudng vi thuin lpi hda thuang mji, djch vy, diu tu theo khudn khd cic Hiip djnh Thucmg mai Hing hda ASEAN (ATIGA), Hiip djnh khung Thuong mai Djch vy ASEAN (AFAS), Hiip djnh Diu tu ASEAN (ACIA); diy manh hoin thiin cic khung chinh sich nhim dua ASEAN trd thinh khu vyc kinh ti cd sue canh tranh; thuc diy phit triin cin bing, bin vOng vi thu h?p khoing cich phit trien; triin khai hiiu qui cic thda thuin Khu vye Miu djch Ty do (FTAs)/Doi tic Kmh te Toin diin (CEP) di ky vdi cic dfii tic, dua nin kinh te ASEAN hfii nhip siu rfing vio nin kinh ti loin ciu. Theo dd, cWnh phi cic nudc thinh viin ASEAN si tiep tyc tiin hinh cic biin phip chinh sieh cin thiit de doanh nghlip vi ngudi dan cd the tin dyng toi da cac co hfii vi tiem ning do Cfing dong Kinh ti ASEAN (AEC) vi cic khufin kho liin kit kinh ti khu vyc dem l»i. Theo udc tinh, khong gian kinh ti Dong A se chiem 1/3 tfing dan sfi thi gidi vi 1/4 tong GDP toin ciu.

De hiin thuc hda myc tiiu vi mfit Cfing ddng ASEAN liy ngudi dan lam trung tim, cac nudc thanh vien cung can dinh quan tam va nguon lyc Ion hon cho cic no lyc bao dam va nang cao chat lupng cufic song cia hon 600 triiu ngudi din trong khu vyc. Theo do, cac myc tiiu mi Cfing dfing Vin hda - X5 h?i ASEAN da di ra nhu hpp tic phit ttiin con ngudi, thic day phuc lpi va bao trp xi hpi, dam bio cfing bing xa hoi vi cic quyen lpi chinh dang cia ngudi dan, phat triin mdi trudng bin vttng vi di cao bin sic ASEAN se cin dupc day manh ca d cip dfi khu vuc cung nhu long ghep trong cac chuang Irlnh phat triin qufic gia cua moi nudc. Cic ting lop xi hfii can dupc khuyin khich tham gia tich cyc va ddng gop xiy dyng vao tien trinh liin kit khu vyc cua ASEAN, dfing thdi, cac chinh phi can no lyc hon nua di dua cac Ipi ich thiet thyc t i Cfing ddng ASEAN true tiip den vdi ngudi dan.

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Bil ngogi VlflNam Cd thi ndi 45 nim gin bd vi liin kit chit chi di giip tao nin mfit lpi thi vi sic manh khfing thi phi nh$n cia ASEAN, tao tiin di vttng ving di ASEAN dat tdi nhttng budc phit Iriin xa hom, mi trude mit li trd thinh mfil cfing ding gin kit vi vttng manh vio nim 2015.

Ch^ng dying 17 nim Vift Nam trong /VSEAN

Trong 17 nim ding hinh cing ASEAN, Viit Nam lufin chi truong ddng gdp mfit cich tich cyc, cd trich nhiim nhim xiy dyng mfit ASEAN vttng manh, doin kit vi liin kit ehjl ehi vl hda bmh, in djnh vi phit triin chung d khu vye cflng nhu Ipf ich cia mii quic gia thinh viin.

Nhihig diu in quan trpng mi Viit Nam ddng gdp cho ASEAN dupc ghi nhin nhu hiin thyc hda y tudng md rfing ASEAN-IO; to chuc thinh cfing Hfii nghj Cap eao ASEAN-6 vi thfing qua Chupng trinh Hinh dfing Ha Npi (1998) giup ASEAN vupt qua giai dogn khd khin eua khing hoing tii ehinh khu vyc; hoin thinh tdt d?p nhiim ky Chi tjch Uy ban Thuirag uyc ASEAN nhiim ky 2000-2001 va gin diy nhit li dim nhiim thinh cdng vai trd Chi tjch ASEAN nSm 2010. Nhiim ky Chi tjch ASEAN nim 2010 cua Viit Nam di di liii diu in dim nit vi mfit nudc Chu tich tich cyc, chi dfing va diy trich nhiim, di di xuit vi cung cic nudc thinh viin trong Hiip hfii dua ra nhihig djnh hudng quan tipng giip day mgnh hinh dfing hudng den Cfing dfing ASEAN va nang tim quan he doi ngoai, de cao vai trd hung tim eua ASEAN d khu vye... Nhitag thanh qui tdt d?p mi ASEAN dat dupe Irong nim 2010 si li diim nhin kho phai md U-ong hinh iinh gin bd eia ching ta vdi ASEAN, nhit li trong giai doan ljch s i trudc ngudng cia hinh thinh cfing dfing cia Hiip hpi.

17 nim dfing hinh vdi eie nudc trong ASEAN, Viit Nam di nhin dupc nhiiu sy hpp tic, trp giip eia cic nude thinh viin ciing nhu cua toin khoi vi ciing ty minh hpe dupc nhiiu kinh nghiim quy biu cia cac

46 9/2012

Nghiin cuu QuSc tisS 3 (90)

nudc ASEAN. Thdng qua dd, chung ta da md rpng vd thiic ddy quan h?

hiiu nghi, hpp tdc vd tin cdy vdi cdc nudc ldng gidng trong khu vyc, tgo dyng dupc mdi trudng hda binh vd dn djnh cd y nghia chien lupc doi vdi cac myc tieu an ninh va phdt tridn ciia ddt nudc. Hpp tdc kinh te - thuong mgi vdi cdc nudc ASEAN dd ddng vai trd quan trpng trong nln kinh tl Vi?t Nam.

Tinh den ndm 2010, thuong mgi hai chieu dgt 26,7 ti USD, chiem 1/5 tdng kim nggch xuat nhdp khdu ciia Vi?t Nam vd tdng gdp ba lan so vdi tdng kim ngach thuong mgi gitta ViOt Nam vdi bdn ngodi giai doan trudc ndm 1995 khi Vi?t Nam chua gia nhap ASEAN. HiOn cac nhd ddu tu tir ASEAN dang tridn khai 1449 dy dn tai Viet Nam, vdi tdng so vdn ddng ky tich liiy dat 44 ti USD. ASEAN da trd thanh doi tdc kinh tl, thuang mai hang dau cua Viet Nam, vdi tdc dp tdng tnrdng thucmg mai binh quan 15-16%/ndm.

Tuong lai phat tridn cua Viet Nam se gdn bd chat che vdi khu vyc, vdi ASEAN va cdc qudc gia lang gidng trong ASEAN. Ldnh dao cdp cao cua chiing ta da nhidu ldn khdng dinh hpp tdc ASEAN se la mpt trong nhiing try cdt quan trpng trong dudng ldi ddi ngogi dOc lap, ty chu, da dang hda, da phuong hda, chii ddng hpi nhap khu vyc vd qudc te cua Viet Nam. Nghi quydt Dai hpi Dang Cdng sdn Viet Nam Ian thu XI da chi ro Viet Nam se "ciing cac nudc xay dyng Cpng ddng ASEAN vimg manh, tang cudng quan he vdi cdc ddi tdc, tiep tuc gift vai tro quan trpng trong cac khudn khd hcp tac d khu vyc chdu A - Thai Binh Duong".

Cung ASEAN hien thyc hda mue tieu xay dung C^ng dong Chang dudng tir nay ddn mdc hinh thdnh Cdng ddng ASEAN chi con hon hai ndm, nhung khdi lupng cdng viec trudc mdt van cdn khd ldn, trong do mOt phdn ba trong tdng sd 800 dau viec de ra trong LO trinh xay

Ddi ngogi Vi^Nam dyng COng d6ng ASEAN cdn dupc tilp tpc hodn tat. B6i cdnh khu vyc vd quoc tl dang biln chuyin khdng ngimg cihig d$t ra cho ASEAN nhthig cdu hdi Idn ldm thi ndo dk gift vihig vai trd trung tam cua Hi$p hdi d khu vyc, dieu hda vd cdn bdng ipi fch dan xen ciia cdc nudc, ling phd hi^u qud hon vdi cdc thdeh thuc vd cac van de ndy sinh. Tren chdng dudng phdt triln mdi ciia HiOp hOi, Vi|t Nam s5 no lyc ddng gdp cho ASEAN trdn cdc trpng tam Idn sau:

Thu nhdt. tilp tyc ciing c l va tdng cudng dodn kit ASEAN, giiJ vfmg cdc djnh hudng chii dgo vd myc tieu dd dl ra, tdn trpng cdc nguydn tdc CO bdn cua HiOp hOi; ddm bdo tfnh thong nhdt vd val trd trung tdm ciia ASEAN trong djnh hudng cdc tiln trinh hpp tdc khu vyc cung nhu xii Iy cdc vdn dl khu vyc vd qu6c tl thuOc quan tdm vd Ipi ich chung; tich cyc phdi hpp Igp trudng vd tgo tilng ndi thing nhdt ciia ASEAN tai cdc dien dan da phuong vd quIc tl.

Thir hai, thiic ddy cam kit vd hdnh dpng chung nhdm thyc hi?n day dii, diing hgn cdc phdn vi?c cdn Igi trong LO trinh xay dyng Cdng dong ASEAN, day manh kit noi ASEAN vd phdt trien ddng deu, bin vung trong Hi^p hpi; cimg cdc nudc thdnh vien lien hanh cdc budc chuan bi cdn thidt dd COng ddng ASEAN di \ao hi?n thyc theo diing ke hogch vdo nam 2015, trong dd, d$c bi^t chii trpng cdng tdc tuyen tniyen, qudng bd rdng rai. ndng cao y thiic cdng ddng vd tinh dodn ket gifta ngudi dan cdc nudc.

Thir ba, tiep tyc ciing cd vd gift vihig mdi trudng hda binh, dn djnh de hpp lac cimg phdt tridn; thiic day ddi thogi vd xay dung Idng tin, bao gom cd cdc no lyc l\inh thanh vd chia se cdc chudn myc ling xii; kien tri ciing cdc nudc tham gia ki? kit DOC tuan thu vd thyc hien nghidm chinh nhihig quy tdc ling xu dupc ghi trong DOC, tri$t dd tudn thu ludt phdp qudc td,_Cdng udc Lugt Bien Lien Hpp Qudc 1982, cung ASEAN sdm ban thao vdi Trung Quoc mpt Bp quy tdc ling xu (COC).

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Nghiin ciru QuSc tisS 3 (90)

Thu tu, Phdt huy vai trd trung tam cda ASEAN, khdng ngimg md rpng va lam sau sdc thdm quan h? hpp tdc todn diOn, cimg cd lpi gifta ASEAN vdi cdc doi tdc; nang cao chat Iupng vd hi^u qud ciia cdc tiln trinh hpp tdc khu vyc hi?n cd nhu ASEAN+1, ASEAN+3, EAS, ARF, ADMM+...; tgo dieu ki?n va khuyin khich cdc doi tdc ciing tham gia ddng gdp tich cyc hon nfta vdo cdc no lyc chung nhdm duy tri hda binh, dn dinh vd phdt trien d khu vyc, irng phd hi?u qud vdi cdc thach thdc ddt ra, ddng thdi thidt thyc ho trp ASEAN tdng cudng lien ket va kdt noi.

Chu ddng va tich cyc cimg cac nudc thanh vidn dua ASEAN ddn dich xay dyng thanh cdng COng ddng vao ndm 2015, cung nhu tgo nhftng budc khdi dau thuan lpi cho COng ddng ASEAN, dem lai cuOc song hda binh, dm no va thinh vupng cho ngudi dan cac qudc gia yong khu vyc./.