Cac nhan to anh hiTofng den hanh vi chia se tri thu'c cua ban can si/ I6p tai Tru'dng Dai hoc Nguyln Tat Thanh
N G U Y I N XUAN NHl*
LE MINH TRCTCJNG"
TRAM QGOC QUI"' Tom tat
Bdi vii'l sff dung phuang phdp phdn lich dinh lugng nhdm llm ra cdc nhdn td dnh hudng de'n hdnh vi chia se tri thffc cua ban cdn sU ldp tgi TrUdng Dai hgc Nguyin Tdt Thdnh. Kei qud nghien cihi cho thdy. cd 5 nhdn td, gom: Su tin tudng; Truyen thong; Cong nghe ihdng tin; Hi thdng khen thudng; Dinh hucmg hgc hoi tdc dgng den hdnh vi chia se tri thffc cda ban cdn sU l&p tgi TrUdng Dgi hgc Nguyen Tdt Thdnh, trong do nhdn toTruyen thong co tdc dgng ldn nhdt.
Txi khoa: hdnh vi chia se tri ihffc, sinh vien, cdn six ldp, Trudng Dgi hgc Nguyen Tdt Thdnh Summary
The paper employs quantitative method to find out determinants of knowledge-sharing behavior of class leaders in Nguyen Tat Thanh University. The outcome reveals five influential factors, which are Trust; Media; Information technology; Reward; Learning orientation. In particular. Media creates the strongest impact.
Keywords: knowledge-sharing behavior, students, class leaders. Nguyen Tat Thanh University Giai THIEU
Tri Ihtfc l i ngudn Itfc quan trpng cho stf phat tri^n ben vffng cua mpi td chtfc. Nd tao ra mpt Idi the' canh tranh cho doanh nghiep trong nen kinh td' thi irtfdng diy bie'n ddng vi canh tranh gay git nhff hien nay (Mahdi va cdng stf, 2019). Stf chia s^ tri thtfc hieu qui giffa nhffng nhan vidn trong doanh nghidp ddng gdp mpt phin quan trpng cho stf ddi mdi - dieu can bin din de'n mpt ldi the' canh tranh cho doanh nghiep. Chia se tri thtfc hieu qui giffa nhan vien vi cic ddi nhdm cho phep khai Ihac ngudn tn Ihtfc trong doanh nghidp mdt each td'i tfu.
Trong nhiihg nim qua, Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyen Ta't Thanh ludn coi ngtfdi hpc li tfung tam, ddng vai trd quan trpng trong qui Irtnh phat Irien cua Nhi Irffdng. Tuy nhidn, van dang ton tai rapt thtfc Id' dd li, viec chia se tri ihtfc, hdp tic lim vide nhdm giffa cic sinh vidn, die biet la ban cin stf ldp van chtfa dtfdc quan lam va day manh. Xua't phat tff thffc te' nay, nhdm tic gii lffa chpn de lai nghidn ctfu "Cic nhan
td anh htfdng dd'n hanh vi chia se tri thffc cua can stf ldp tai Trffdng Dai hpc Nguyen Ta't Thinh ", Ke'l qua nghidn cull se giup Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyen Ti't Thinh cd cii nhin diing din hdn ve tam quan trpng cua viec chia se tri thtfc, nham tien tdi muc tieu xiy dtfng dtfdc gii tri ridng cho Nha trtfdng, qua dd. gia tang niem lin cho ngu'di hpc, phit trien theo hi/dng giff vai tro dau tau, xay dtfng ttf duy chid'n Itfdc cho phit trien sinh vidn.
CO sd LY THUYET VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CLfU
Cd sd ly thuyd't md hinh nghidn ctfu Tri ihffc vd chia se tri thffc
Theo Brown vi Duguid (1991), tri thtfc l i mdt ngudn lai nguyen quan trpng clia id chtfc. Cac td chtfc khdng chi ddn thuan li thud dtfdc nhin vien phu hdp hoac lid'n hanh cic khda dio tao nhin vien la cd the duy tri dtfdc cic ldi thd' canh tranh cua minh.
Theo Calherin Elizabeth (2000); Jackson va cpng stf (2006), chia se tri thtfc li qui tnnh, ma tri thtfc cua mdt c i nhan dtfdc chuye'n ddi thinh mdl dang, ma cic ca nhan khac cd the hieu dtfdc, tid'p thu vi stf dung.
Thuat ngtf "chia se" dtfdc stf dung de ngu y ring, qui trinh the hidn tri thtfc cua ci nhan thanh dang, ma nhtfng ngtfdi khic cd the stf dung dtfdc, cd lidn quan 'TS., "ThS,, "",Tru'dng Dgi hpc Mguy6n Tat Thanh
Ngdy nhgn t)ai: 16/6/2020; Ngdy phan bi$n: 10/7/2020: Ngdy duyet ddng: 25/7/2020
Economy and Forecasi Review 145
HINH: « 6 HINH NGHIEN CtJTa DE XUAT Sv tin tuong
Truyen thong
Cong ngh? thong tin
He th6ng khen thuong
Dinh huong hgc hoi
Y3n hoa to chiic
BANG 1: KET QOA KIEM D!NH DQ TIN CAY THANG DO BilTn
Bit Trimg binh thang do n^u
PhiAftigsai thang do nlfii
loai bilTn Sutin ttidne (TR). Cron TR]
TR2 TR3 TR4
9 70 9yR 9 70 9.73 CMI CM"*
CM.^
CM4 11.04 11.15 10.85 11,33
8 430 7.53^
6,945 9 630
Tiftfng quan bi^'n
tfi'ne
Cronbach's Alpha n^u loai bi€^ii bach\ Alpha ^ 0.788
511 683 750 34S
748 690 .650 .825
«p (CMi. Cronbach's Alpha = (1 859 6.734
6.682 7.150 8.130
.191 ,721 825 508
.781 .815 .776 .897 Cone nBh$ thdng tin (IT), Cronbach's Alpha = 0.885 ITI
IT2 1T3 IT4
10,27 10.24 10 26 10,65
6.960 7,042 7.161 8.121
841 ,794 .802
.815 834 ,831 57ll 916 m Ihone khen ihiidne (RSi. Cronbach's Alpha = 0.920
RSI RS2 RS3
7.27 7,26 7.21 Dinh hudne h LOI L02 L03 L04
10 42 10.25 9.85
4.887 4.187 4.546
792 ,894 .832 oc hoi (LO). Cronbach's
9.498 9.533 10.050 9.87! 9.715
694 714 782 780
921 .837 .890 Mpha = 0.879
.865 .855 .831 .830 Vdn hoa tdchiic (OC). Cronbach's Alpha = 0.857 OCl
0C2 OC3 0C4 0C5 0C6
17.23 17.48 17.32 17 55 17.29 17 39
20.155 23.390 19.125 21.554 18.665 19 748 Chia se fri thtic (KSl. Cro KSl
KS2 KS3 KS4 KS5
14 24 14,!2 14.36 14,32 14.45
11 -431 10.106 10,42!
10 608 10.596
.619 .335 828 ,543 874 .736 nbach 's Al .567 .763 .631 .641 ,588
,839 888 .800 852 790 817 ha = 0.835
.820 .766 .804 .800 .816 i^gLion Tidli loan .:ua n h o m tdc gia
dd'n mdt so hanh dpng cd y thtfc ciia cic ca nhan s6 hffu tri thtfc.
Z.V thuye't trao ddi .xd hgi
Ly thuye't trao ddi \a hdi thtfdng dtfdc dung lim cd sd ly thuyet cho cic nghien ctfu kham phi hanh vi chia
se tri thtfc cua ca nhan dtfdc mdi sd nha nghien ctfu da bin luan va phit tnen, nhtf: Abdul va cdng stf (2019); George C.
Homans (1958); Wasko va Faraj (2000);
KankanhaUi va cpng stf (2005); Bock vi cdng stf (2005); Farooq, R. (2018).
Dtfa vao cac nghidn ctfu lidn quan, nhtf:
Kharabsheh va cpng stf (2016); Farooq, R. (2018), nhdm lie gia de xua't md hinh cic nhin tdanh htfdng de'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp tai Tnfdng Dai hoc Nguydn Ti't Thinh nhtf Hinh.
Cic gia thuyd't dtfa ra l i :
HI: Stf lin ttfdng cd anh htfdng tich ctfc de'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyln Ti't Thinh.
H2: Truydn thdng cd anh htfdng tich ctfc de'n hanh vi chia s^ tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyen Ta't Thinh,
H3: Cdng nghd thdng tin cd anh htfdng lich ctfc dd'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban can stf ldp tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyen Tit Thinh,
H4: He ihd'ng khen thtfdng cd anh htfdng tich ctfc de'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguydn Ta't Thanh.
H5: Dinh htfdng hpc hdi cd inh htfdng lich ctfc dd'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban can stf ldp lai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyen Tat Thinh.
H6: Van hda td chtfc cd anh htfdng lich ctfc dd'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguydn Tit Thinh.
Phtftfng phap nghien ctfu De cd dff lieu, nhdm tic gii tid'n hanh khao sat va thu ve 266 bang hdi. Doi Itfdng li nhtfng can stf ldp lai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguydn Tit Thanh. Khao sat dtf^c thtfc hien ttf thing 01-3/2020. Sdlieu sau khi thu thap dtfdc xtf ly bing phan mem SPSS 20.0 (Bdi viet sff dung cdch vie't sd thap phdn theo chudn quoc te).
KET QUA NGHIEN CCTU Ket qua kiem dinh dp Un c^y thang do Cronbach's Alpha
Kd't qua kiem dinh dp tin cay thang do (Bang 1) cho tha'y. 7 nhin tddeu dam bao dieu kien cd he so Cronbach's Alpha
> 0.6; 30 bie'n quan sat cd he so ti/dng quan bie'n tdng > 0.3. Nhu' \ d\, 7 nhan to' va 30 bid'n quan sat deu dildc iziCf lai v i thtfc hien phan tich EFA.
146
Phfln tieh EFA
Kd't qua phan tich EFA dd'i vdi cic nhan td' ddc lap cho thay, trong 25 bid'n quan sit thudc 6 nhan Id' cd I bid'n 0C2 khdng dam bao hd so' tai nhin to', do dd loai bid'n nay trong cac btfdc phan tich tie'p theo (Bing 2).
Tien hanh phan lich EFA cho bid'n phu thudc cho thi'y, cd 1 nhin td dtfdc rut trich lai Eigenvalues la 3.031, vdi tdng phtfdng sai trich la 60.624% dam bao trich xual phtfdng sai; he so'KMO la 0.746, gii tri Sig. li 0.000. Nhif vay, cic bie'n ttfdng quan vdi nhau trong tdng thd va thang do dat gii tri hpi tu.
Phdn tich hdi quy
Ke't qui phan tich ttfdng quan (Bang 3) cho Iha'y, gii Iri kiem dinh Sig. cua cic kiem dinh ttfdng quan ddu < 0.05 (0.00), ndn cd the kd't luan, cac bid'n dpc lap trong md hinh nghien ciJu cd md'i ttfdng quan vdi bien phu thudc, Sau khi kiem dinh Itfdng quan, nhdm lac gia tid'n hanh thtfc hidn phtfdng phap hdi quy nhim kiem dinh cic gii thuyd't nghien ctfu, kd't qua phan lich hdi quy nhtf Bang 4, 5.
Ke't qua phan tich Bang 4 cho thi'y, he sd' R^ hidu chinh cua tfdc Itfdng la 0.686 (> 0.4), nghia l i 68.6% bid'n thidn cua hinh vi chia s^ tri thtfc etfa sinh vidn dtfdc giai thich tdt bdi cic bie'n ddc lap trong md hinh nghidn ctfu.
Kd't qui phin tich hdi quy Bing 5 cho thi'y, cic nhan to', gom: Truyen Ihdng; Stf tin ttfdng; Cong nghe thdng tin; He Ihd'ng khen thi/dng; Djnh htfdng hpc hdi trong kiem dinh t deu cd gia tri Sig. < 0.05, nen cic nhan td'dpc lip niy cd y nghia thd'ng ke giii thich cho bid'n phu thudc. Hd sd hdi quy lan Itfdt cua cac nhan td' niy li;
0.622; 0,111; 0,090; 0,150; 0.120, Kd't qua cho thi'y, cic he sd Beta chuan hda deu mang gia trj dtfdng, ndn cic nhan to' ddc lap ddu tic dpng cung chieu vdi bie'n phu thudc, Cac he so' phdng dai phtfdng sai (VIF) deu nhd hdn 2, nen khdng xay ra hidn ttfdng da cdng luye'n gifla cac bid'n ddc lap trdn,
Tuy nhidn, nhan td' Vin hda td chtfc trong kiem dinh t cd gii tri Sig. l i 0.074
> 0,05, Nhtf vay, d dp tin cay 95% nhan to'van hda id chtfc khdng cd anh htfdng ciing chieu de'n chia se tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp lai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguydn Ti't Thinh. Chinh vi viy, loai bo gia thuyd't H6.
Dtfa fren ke't qua hdi quy, phtfdng trinh hdi quy tuyd'n tinh dtfdc vid't nhtf sau:
BANG 2: MA TRAN XOAY NHAN TO PHAN TICH EFA CAC BIEN DQC L^P LAN CGOl
.'!.-'<
TRI TR2 TR3 TR4 CMI CM2 CM3 CM4 ITI IT2 1T3 IT4 RSI RS2 RS3 LOI L02 L03 L04 OCl OC3 0C4 OC5 0C6
C&e. nhfln trf 1
.755 .863 .693 .925 .848
2
.887 .853 .885 .712
3
781 753 869 866
4
.826 .732 858 .714
5
840 891 856
6 .675
779 839 .656
BANG 3: MA TRAN TtfONG QGAN -tltr^-.-. ''^\>
k S Tifdne quan Pearson Sie (2 tailed)
CM 780"
000 TR
260- 000
IT 402"
000 RS 56(1"
000 LO
339"
000 OC
272"' 000
KS 1
BAMG 4; TONG H^P MO HINH
%lhh 1
H^stf R
833^
msd' 693
H$ stf R' hi$u chinh
DO l^ch chu^n
.6861 .44750 D^i lU^ng Durbin-WatsoD
1 860
BANG 5: Hg SO CTCiC LCTONG HOI QGY MO HINH
1 Hii lit! sn Truven thona Sir tin lirdna Cona nshe thone lin He ihons khen thu'dng Dinh hudna hoc hoi Van h(')a to chii'c
H$stf B -.051
.569 .097 .081 .115 .094 055
Saistfchntfn 181 .039 .036 .035 .032 .033 ,031
H | stf Beta
.622 ,111 .090 .150 .120 ,067
t -284 14,655 2.717 2 340 3.577 2,881 1,792
Sig.
777
oon 000 0^0 000 004 .074
Thtfngke Di;!^ cai
657 705 .801 .673 684 85C
VIF 1.521 1.418 1.248 1.487 1.463 1.177 Ngu6n' Tinh toan i Hdnh VI chia se tri thffc = 0.622*Tnfyin thong + 0.11 l*Su tin tudng + 0.090*Cdng nghi thong tin + O.I50*He thdng khen thudng + 0.120*Dinh hudng hgc hoi
KET LUAN VA HAM Y
Kd't qua nghien ctfu cho thay, cd 5 nhan id' tic ddng de'n hinh vi chia se tri thtfc cua ban cin stf ldp tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Nguyen Tit Thanh, gdm: Stf lin ttfdng;
Truyen thdng; Cdng nghe thdng tin; He Ihd'ng khen Ihtfdng; Dinh htfdng hoc hdi. Dtfa tren ke't qua nghidn ctftf, nhdm tic gia dtfa ra mdt sd' him y nhtf sau:
Mgt Id, ve nhdn tdSU tin tiidng. De chi dao cdng vide trdi chay, thi gitfa cin bd Nhi irtfdng vi ban cin
and Foreca.'ii Review
147
stf ldp phii thtfdng xuydn trao doi. Cin bd giang vidn phai cdng bang, dung dan trong vide dinh gii chia se tri thtfc cua mdi sinh vien tuy theo dac tinh cua cic sinh vien, cich dd'i xtf lich ihiep, cdng bing se tim cho sinh vidn cam tha'y minh dtfdc tdn trgng. Ttf dd, phil huy kha nang chia se, khuyd'n khich cic hinh thtfc chia se trong cic cau lac bd hoc thuat, cic hoat dong hgc tap, phong trio cua Nhi Irtfdng, dac biet li stf chia se tri thtfc gitfa cac sinh vien cic nginh khic nhau va gitfa nhtfng sinh vidn trong cung mdt nganh vdi nhau.
Hai Id, ve nhdn to' Cdng ngh$ thdng tin. Can bd giang vidn can thtfc hidn cic bien phip xiy dtfng he thd'ng cac kenh trao ddi qua mang internet, trao doi bang cdng nghe cao de tao d\i(Jc stf thuin tidn cho ban can stf ldp, cung nhtf sinh vien, khi stf dung cic tfng dung ky thuat de chia se in thtfc, Khuye'n khich sinh vidn, dac biel li ban cin stf ldp, phai cd nhiJng hanh vi chia se tri thtfc di/a tren nen tang cdng nghd thdng tin dtfdc cap nhit Udn tuc thdng qua nhtfng thdng bio chinh thd'ng vi phi chinh thd'ng,
Ba Id, ve nhdn td'Dinh hii&ng hgc hoi. Viec cung ci'p thong tin ttf Nha trtfdng mdl cich trung thtfc va day du cho ban cin stf ldp ve cic vi'n de lidn quan de'n cic boat dgng cua Nhi trtfdng, hirdng nghiep dinh htfdng hgc hdi
cho sinh vien. cung nhuf dinh hifdng cac gia tri cdt ldi cua chia se tri thtfc cho sinh ^ idn.
Bdn Id, ve nhdn td Hi thdng khen thudng. Nha trUdng can x i \ dtfng h?
thd'ng khen thtfdng chi tiel. tao nigi dieu kien de ban can stf Idp phit huy khi nang, cung nhir de sinh vien phat trien toan didn ban than. Ddng thdi, cd hinh thtfc khen thtfdng kip thdi va tuydn dtfdng tren loan Trtfdng cho cic hinh vi chia ,se tri thtfc cd y nghia, mang lai hieu qui, ldi ich thie't thtfc.
Ndm Id, ve nhdn to' Truyen thong.
Nha trtfdng nen tap irung mpi bing thdng bio ldn de trtfdc ndi tid'p xuc vdi cic ban sinh vien l i cin stf ldp, cic vide quan trgng hoac nhffng thdng tin thay doi dtfdc thtfdng xuyen thay ddi v i cip nhat de thdng tin dd'n sinh vien. Can cho can bd ldp bid't du'dc nhtfng ldi ich chinh thtfc cua vide chia se tn thtfc; Kd't ndi cic cin stf ldp vdi nhau theo nhiJng kenh truyen thdng chinh thtfc vi cap nhat, nham nang cao hieu qua chia se tri thtfc ld'i iTu.Q
TAI LI^U THAM KHAO
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2. Hoang Trpng, Chu Nguydn Mdng Ngpc (2008), Phdn tich dff lieu nghiin cffu vdi SPSS, Nxb Hdng Dtfc
3. Abdul Razak, N., Abdul Rahim, R., and MdShah,M. (2019). Regression analysis of knowledge sharing behavior. Advances in Business Research International Journal (ABRIJ), 5( 1), 94-103
4. Bock, G. W., Zmud, R, W,, Kim, Y. G., and Lee, J, N. (2005). Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowledge sharing: Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators, Social-Psychological Forces, and Organizational Climate. 29(1), 87-111
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6. Catherin Elizabeth Connelly (2000). Predictors of Knowledge Sharing in Organizations, M, S. c Thesis, Queen's University, Canada
7. Farooq, R. (2018). A conceptual model of knowledge sharing. International Journal of Innovation Science. 10(2), 238-260
8. George, C. Homans (1958), Social behavior as Exchange, American Journal of Sociology, 63(6). 597-606
9. Jackson. S. E., Chuang. C. H., Harden. E. E,. Jiang. Y., and Joseph. J. M. (2006). Toward developing human resource management systems for knowledge intensive teamwork. Research in personnel and human management, 25. 27-70
10. KankanhaUi, Tan and Kwok - Kee. W. (2005). Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Repositories: An Empirical Investigation,-U/5 Qwa^eWy, 29(1), 113-145
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