Vdn hod - Vdn nghe
Khac phMC nhung lech c h u » i trong t o chuc va quan ly 1^ hoi
• TS. NGUYEN HU'U THl/C Ban Tuyen gido Trung uong
Ban chat cua 1^ hoi truyen thong la phi Iffi nhuan, phi vu loi ma coi trong cac gia tri van hoa tinh than. Thuc t i i n cho thay, nhieu le hoi d nude ta khi to chuc da coi nhe cac yeu to van hoa va xac dinh chua ro muc tieu gia t r i t i n h t h a n ma nghieng ve cac hoat dong dich vu, dat trong tam vao muc tieu kinh te.
L
e hpi la mpt hoat dpng xa hpi, phan anh nhu cau cua cac tang ldp nhan dan ve mdt loai hinh sinh hoat van hda.Nhirng nam qua, le hdi dupc to chuc soi dpng d khap cac vimg mien, cac dan tdc, chung td sue hap dan cua nd ddi vdi doi sdng tinh than ciia ngiroi dan.
iNhieu le hdi truyen thdng cd quy md Idn, thu hiit ddng dao nhan dan tham gia, nhu: le hpi Yen Td, le hpi chua Huang, den Trdn, hpi Lim, Le hpi Huyen Trdn Cong chua, Nui Bd Den, Le hpi Bd chiia Xii... Mdt sd le hdi d ddng bko dan tpc thie'u sd dupe phuc dung. Le hdi van hda - du Fich do iNhk nude, cac dokn the td ehiic nham quang ba, thu hut khach du hch trong vk ngoki nude da tao dupe khong khi -vui tuoi, phan khdi, dap ung nhu eau hudng thu van hda ciia nhan dan va khach du hch.
Xuat hien nhiing le hdi quang ba, gidi thieu tiem nang vk thknh tiru phat trien Mnh te, thuong mai d dia phirong (Le hpi Ilia ggo, Le hpi trdi cdy Nam Bp 2010, Le hpi Hoa...). Giao luu, hpp tac qudc te trong hoat ddng le hdi d nucic ta ed xu hudng mdrpng. Festival Hue 2010, Festival phdo hoa quoc te (Dk Nang),
Festival vo qudc te (Binh Dinh), Lien hoan cong chieng quoc te(Gia Lai)..., thu hut sutham gia eua nhieu qudc gia, qua dd quang ba hinh anh dat nude, con ngiroi Viet Nam, hpc hdi Mnh ngMem td ehiic le hdi vk nhan dan cd dip thudng thuc mpt sd loai hinh nghe thuat eua nu(5cban.
Cong tac to chuc va quan ly le hdi eo tien bp, tich Idy dupc nhieu kinh nghiem. Nam 2009, Ban Bi thu da td chire Hpi ngFd tokn qudc tdng ket 10 nam thuc hien Chi thi sd 27-CT/TW cua Bp CFiInh tri (khda VIII) ve thuc Wen nep sdng van minh trong viec cudi, -viec tang, le hpi lkm eo sd de Bp Chinh tri (khda X) ban hknh Ket luan sd 51- KIvTW ve tiep tuc thue hien Chi thi sd 27-CT/TW. Nam 2010, Bp Chinh tri (khda X) ban hknh Chi thi sd45-CT/rW ve doi mdi, ndng cao hieu qud to chdc cdc ngdy ky niem, nghi thue trao tang, don nhdn danh hieu vinh duNhd nude vd cdc hinh thiie khen thuang cao.
Chinh phli da Mp thdi ban hknh mdt sd van ban quy pham phap luat, dua hoat dpng van hda, trong dd cd le hdi ch vao nen nep GNghi dinh so 103 /2009/ND- CP ve Quy che hogt dpng dich vu van 56 TUYeNGlAOS63-2011
Vdn hod - Vdn nghe
hda cdng cpng; Nghi dinh sd 75/2010/ND-CP quy dinh phat viphgm hdnh chinh trong hogt dpng vdn hda). Bd Van hda. The thao vk Du lich ed Thdng tuquy dinh ve thuc hien nep sdng van minh trong viee cucri, viee tang vk le hdi vk xay dung Hucing dan Quy hoach le hpi toan qudc.
Viee td chuc eae le hdi truyen thdng vk hien dai da tao mdi trudng bao tdn vk phat huy eae gia tri cua ch san van hda dan tpc, ddng thdi Fa dip gidi thieu nhirng tinh hoa van hda eua nhan loai. Nhieu sinh hoat van hda truyen thdng nhu tin ngudng, trd chen, my thuat, am nhac, am thue, van nghe dan gian... cua eae dan tpc da dupe phuc hdi lkm phong phu ddi sdng tinh than ciia nhan dan.
Tinh than yeu nutie, yeu que huong, tinh gan ket cdng ddng, dan chit Fang xa, truyen thdng
dokn ket cac dan tpc, tudng nhd vk tdn vinh nhirng ngiroi ed cdng vcri mux;, ed nghla vcri dan, nang luc sang tao van hda cita nhan dan dupc phat huy tdi da trong cac le hdi truyen thdng.
Vai trd cita le hdi trong viee giir gin ban sac van hda dan tdc, dap ling nhu cau hudng thu vk sang tao van hda cua eae tang Icip nhan dan, phat trien du hch, gdp phan thuc day kinh te^
xa hdi cua dait niroc dupc khang dinh. Viec Nhk niroc quyet dinh lay ngky mdng 10 thang 3 (am lich) Gid To Hung vuong hkng nam Fa ngky Qudc gid vk cho can bd, cdng chiic, -vien chire iNhk nucic dupe nghi viec da khoi day y thirc epi ngudn dan tpc, tang them niem tuhko eiia nhan dan ve tin ngudng thd td tien vk cang lam sau sac Foi day cita Chii tich Hd Chi Minh:
"Cdc vua Himg dd cd cdng dung nude, Bdc chdu ta phdi cung
nhau gia Idy nude".
Cap uy, ehlnh quyen eae dia phuong thay rd hem trach nhiem cua minh nen da quan tam den td chuc vk quan ly le hpi. Viec cap giay phep mdle hpi thue hien nghiem theo Quy che td chiic le hpi, dam bao le hdi (hen ra phu hpp vcri truyen thdng van hoa vk cheu Men kinh te, xa hdi cita dia phuong.
Mdt so le hdi ed quy md khu vuc td chiie d vimg ddi nui cd dp dde cao dupc cap phep xay dung cap treo, tao thuan lpi eho dan (h hdi (Yen Tir, Chita Huong, Nui Bk Den). Cae le hdi \&n., thu hut ddng dan tcri tin ngudng, -vui hdi, chinh quyen dia phuong da chit ddng thknh lap Ban ehi dao. Ban td chirc vk xay dung ke hoach eu the td ehiic le hdi, ed phuong an xir ly tmh hudng, dam bao an ninh trat tu, an tokn giao thdng vk ve sinh mdi trudng. Nhieu cudc hpi thao
TUYEN GlAOS(5 3-2011 5 7
Vdn hod - Vdn nghe
khoa hpc dupe td ehirc dua ra can eirkhoa hpc nham danh gia dung eae gia tri "tuthan" eiia le hdi. Cae phuong tien thdng tin dai chiing da tich cue gicri thieu, quang ba gia tri hch su; van hoa eua le hdi vk nhirng Mnh nghiem hay trong td chirc vk quan ly le hdi d cae dia phirong tren ea nude.
iNhirng viee Fam tren ghi nhan sirnd luc eua Nhk nude vk nhan dan trong td chiie vk quan ly le hpi, tao cheu Men tdi da de le hpi phat trien, dap iing nhu eau tinh than vk thuc sir trd thknh "san choi" van hoa bd Ich cita cac tang Icip nhan dan.
Ben canh nhirng ket qua dat dupe, -viee td ehiic vk quan ly le hoi thdi gian qua cimg da nay sinh nhieu van de gay biic xuc du luan xa hpi, xuat hien mpt sd khuynh hirong lech chuan, can dupc u6n nan kip thdi.
KJiuynh hudng "thuong mqi hda" le hpi. Day Fa khuynh huiing bao trum, he qua cua no Fa cae hien tupng tieu cue, te nan xa hpi. Le hpi ra doi tnroe tien Fa tir nhu cau ve tinh than eua ngudi dan nham tudng idem, khich le sang tao, vui choi giai tri, giai tda cang thang, -vuon tcii chuan mue chan, thien, my, sau dd mdi Fa giai quyet cdng an viee Fam vk tieu thu san pham Mnh te d dia phuong.
Ban chat cua le hdi truyen thdng Fa phi loi nhuan, pFu vu loi ma coi trpng eae gia tri van hda tinh than. Thirong mai hda le hoi Fa nhung viec lam ed tinh toan, lpi dung le hdi de Mem Foi eho ca nhan, eho bd phan, eho dia phuong. Thuong mai hda le hoi bieu Fden d nhieu cap dp.
Thue tien eho thay, nhieu le hdi
dnircDC ta khi td chuc da coi nhe cac yeu td van hda vk xac dinh chua rd mue tieu gia tri tinh than mk nghieng ve cac hoat ddng dich vu, dat trpng tam vao mue tieu kinh te. Do vay, eae dich -vu phuc vu le hdi mcri tiiy tien tang gia, bat chet khach.
Noi thd tu mdi bay nhieu hdm cdng due gay phan cam de thu tien cua ngucri di hpi. Cd ngudi edn sir dung tre em ch hat quan hp xin tien khach. Cd ngiroi dua tre em ngdi gia ddng, thdi phdng Fa hien tupng la, eai dd thuc chat la each de Mem tien cua khach.
O cap dd cao hon, chinh quyen mpt s6 noi cho dau thau, ban khoan noi dich vu, tan thu tien eho ngan sach. Cd niri eai bien, bien dang eai vdn ed cita le hdi truyen thdng, "thieng hda" mdt so nghi le, trd chen de thu hut khach, qua dd tang thu ngudn tien cdng due. Xuat hien hdi chung dua nhau nang cap le hoi de thu hut khach thap phuong vdi mue ch'ch Mem Foi.
Khuynh hirong le lan hgi. Le hpi bao gdm hai thknh td coban Fa le vk hdi. Mpt le hpi sinh dpng de lai an tupng cho du khach Fa tao dupc dau an ca ve le vk hpi, tham ehi dau an cua hpi dam net hon le. The nhung, nhirng nam gan day -viee td chirc le hpi d nFueu noi ehi coi trpng le mk It ehu y den h6i, do vay, nguiri den le hpi chen nhau le bai, choang ngpp hang quan, hiem khi gap sinh boat van hda mang dam sac thai vung mien.
Khuynh hudng "Nhd nude hod le hpi". Dirong nhien cd mdt sd le hdi, iNhk nucic phai Fa chu the td chire cac le hdi dd (le hdi lieh sir-each mang) nhan su Men ky niem cae ngky le Icrii eiia
dat nude. Gan day xuait hien ngky ckng rd khuynh hucriig Nhk nucic hoa le hdi truyen thdng vk hien dai. Dieu nky the hien d chd ngiroi dan sd tai vdi t u each Fa ehu the cua le hpi dang mat dan vai trd vk cd the bi gat ra ngoki le hdi, trd thanh ngiroi thu ddng. Viec Nha nude can tMep qua sau vko le hdi Fam eho le hdi bi san khau hoa bdi eae chen -vien nghe thuat chuyen nghiep theo mdt kich ban cd san do dao (hen dan dung. Mdt sd le nghi trong le hpi ciing bi Nha nude hoa khi cd qua nhieu quan chirc chinh quyen cac cap den dule vk cdng theo mdt kich ban mang tinh hknh ehlnh iNhk nucDC. Khuynh hucing nky dang Fam triet tieu su sang tao cita dan ehiing Fam eho le hdi mat dan tinh hdn nhien, sinh ddng vdn ed eua mpt le hdi dan gian. San pham cua
"Nhk nude hda le hdi" Fa "ra Fo"
hkng loat chuong trinh nghe thuat na na gidng nhau d nhirng le hpi hien dai.
Khuynh huang phd truang, Idng phi trong to chiic le hpi Trong cheu Men Mnh te nucic ta cdn gap khd khan, nhieu le hpi van hda-du lich chen ra mang tinh phd truong, tdn kem kinh phi eiia Nhk nucx vk xa hpi ma hieu qua thu hut khach du hch khdng tuong xung. iNhieu viec lkm trong le hpi dang gay lang phi thdi gian, e6ng siie, tien eua eua xa hpi, nhu hien tupng ddt vkng ma Meh cd Idn, thap hirong btta bai, dang le qua nhieu vkng nen (den Bk Chiia Kio), ao Bk (den Bk Chua Xu), td chuc gia hau ddng tcri tram trieu ddng, td chiie tung doan ngiroi ch le dau xuan dki ngay d
5 8 TUYEN GlAO SO 3 - 2 0 1 '
Vdn hod - Vdn nghe
cac le hdi gan vdi t u diem tin ngudng, tdn giao lean...
Khuynh hudng budng long qudn ly le hpi. Tir t h u e tien, boat dong le hpi d a u x u a n Tan Mao 2011 ndi len 3 v a n de hue xuc:
- Xuat hien trd lai hien tupng me tin di doan truyen ba duy tam than hi. Mdt sd t u chem tin ngudng xdc the, n i t la so, xin biia hd menh, an tin, tui luong, la ngpc canh vkng...chen r a cdng khai. N u p dudi d a n h nghia mdt sinh hoat v a n hoa dan toe ban dia dae sac, nhieu gia ddng dupc dung len d cac den, phu vk ddng cd, ddng eau thoai mai phan truyen nhirng chem khdng ed eo sd khoa hpc.
- An ninh trat t u d mpt s6 le hdi (hen bien phirc tap: sd nguiri ch hdi ddng gay ach tac giao thdng, trdm cap, cdbac...
- Ve sinh mdi trudng den miie bao ddng d mdt sd le hdi, nhat Fa chait thai r a n virt biia bai dirong di ldi lai.
Ngoki ra, viec md dich -vu Idn xdn, ngudi ban hkng deo bam, chen ep khach lay tien, sach tucriig sd khdng phep bky b a n cdng khai.. .eae Fuen tupng ndi tren cd nguyen n h a n sau xa Fa budng long quan ly le hdi.
Khuynh hudng truyen tlidng
"cdu khdch" ve cdc le hpi Truyen thdng ed vai trd q u a n trpng giup chinh quyen cac cap vk ngiroi dan hieu biet day dii cae gia tri cita le hdi, ddng thdi canh bao nhimg hien tupng tieu cue vi pham nep sdng van m i n h trong le hdi can dupc chan chinh, xir ly, tir dd giup ngudi dan ling xir cd van hoa khi den duhdi. Le ra Fa vay, n h u n g thdi gian qua mpt sd ea q u a n bao ehi
chay theo khuynh hudng trucx ngky td chirc le hdi nko dd tap t r u n g quang ba, td hdng tao s u h a p dan cita le hdi de moi gpi du khach den vdi le hdi. iNhiing ngky td chuc le hdi, du khach keo ve ddng, eo q u a n bao cFu chang nhirng khdng chia se nhirng khd k h a n eiia cdng tae td ehiic vk q u a n ly le hdi m a dua tin giat gan ve nhiing tieu cue, thieu sdt, Idn xdn, thieu eai nhin tokn chen, ckng lam cho d u l u a n birc xuc, hieu khdng day du, khach q u a n ve thuc t r a n g le hdi.
De khac phuc k h u y n h hucing lech lac trong td chuc vk quan ly le hdi, chiing ta can tap t r u n g lkm tdt cac cdng -viee trpng t a m sau:
- Thdng n h a t n h a n thiic: le hdi, trong dd cd boat ddng t a m linh thude ve linh vuc van hda tinh than, lien quan den n h a n thirc, t a m ly, tap quan, phong tuc eua mdi ca nhan, cdng ddng, dan tdc nen day Fa linh vuc tinh te, nhay cam, vi vay, viee chi dao, quan ly nhk niroc vk van ddng can bd, dang vien, n h a n dan thuc hien nep sdng van rtunb trong le hdi edn gap nhieu khd khan, phiic tap, doi hdi phai Men tri, tien h k n h thuimg xuyen, hen tuc, khdng ndng vdi. Can bp, dang \'ien phai (h dau, guong m a u thuc hien nhirng quy dinh ve nep sdng van nunh.
- Nang cao trach nhiem lanh dao, ehi dao tao s u chuyen bien m a n h me cita cac cap uy Dang, chinh quyen tiep tuc quan triet ndi dung Ket luan sd 51- KL/TW cita Bd Chmh tri (khda X) ve thuc hien Chi thi 27- CT/TW cita Bd C h m h tri (khda
VIII); n g a n chan tinh trang
"thuong mai hda" le hdi; chan chinh -viee n h a n danh xa hdi hda le hdi n h a m mue ch'ch true lpi; giam vk cheu chinh quy md d nhung le hdi do Nhk nutic td ehiic phu hpp vdi cheu Men Mnh te-xa hdi d cha phuong; khuyen khich ngudi dan, cdng ddng t u quan td chirc cae le hdi truyen thdng n h a m bao tdn vk phat huy cac gia tri van hda dan tpc;
Men quyet bki trirte nan xa hdi, eae tieu cue nay sinh tai le hdi;
thknh lap hdi ddng t u van danh gia nghiem tue chat lupng Meh ban, chuong trinh nghe thuat trong eae le hdi hien dai; udn n a n hien tupng phd truong, lang phi trong td chiic le hdi.
- T a n g cudng quan ly nhk nude ve thuc hien nep sdng van minh trong le hdi; cheu chinh, bd sung cac van ban quy pham phap luat, xay dung che tki xir ly nhung vi pham; tang cirong cdng tae t h a n h tra, Mem tra le hdi; dau t u nghien ciru sau lkm rd eo sd khoa hpc hen quan den thue hien nep sdng van minh trong le hdi de iing dung vko thuc tien vk serin ban h a n h Hucing dan Quy hoach le hdi tokn qudc.
- Cac CO quan thdng tin dai chiing lkm tdt cdng tae tuyen truyen nang cao nhan thuc eiia tokn xa hdi ve thuc hien nep sdng van minh trong le hdi; gidi thieu cac gia tri hch su; van hda eiia le hdi, tdn -vinh ngudi tdt viec tdt, eae chen hinh tien tien, ddng thdi tao d u luan manh me phe phan cac h a n h vi tieu cue, vu lpi trong td chuc vk quan ly le hdi. Tuyen truyen le hdi phai gan vdi boat ddng Mnh te^xa hdi d cha phuong./.
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