KHOA HOC - CONG NGHE VA DOI MOI
BOM HTbx 2500-3 PHUC VU TUOI, TIEU CHO DONG BANG SONG Cuil LONG
.0=^^^^
TS Pham Van Thu, ThS Nguyen Hong Long ThS Vu Manh Tien, ThS Nghiem Quang Hi/ng Vl&n Bom va Thig't bj ThCiy loi Vien Khoa hoc Thuy lpi Vi§t NamQua thUc hien da an san xuat thif nghiem cap nha ni/dc "Hoan thien cdng nghe thiet ke, che tao may bdm Sii dung dgng cd33 kWphu hdp vdi Bong bang song Cifu Long (DBSCL)", cac nha khoa hoc thude Vien Bdm va Thiet bj Thijy ldi da nghien CLKU che tao thanh cdng bdm HTbx 2500-3 vdi nhieu Uu diem nhU: hieu suat bdm dat tren 75%, lUu IUdng bdm 2.500 m^/h, cot nUdc thap (H = 3 m), ket cau gpn nhe, de lap dat, van hanh va siia ch0a, thich hdp v6i nhu cau tUdi, tieu d khu vi/c DBSCL.
K
hu vuc DBSCL ed nhieu sdng rach va cd he fhdng de bao ngan lu tiao ve.Ve mija mua lu, muc nudc ngoai sdng ddng cao khien nhidu viJng khdng the fieu lU chay dupc. Ve mija h^n, muc nUde sdng nhieu ndi xuong thap khien eong lac tudi gap nhieu khd khan.,. Do dd, mudn ddm bao tudi, lieu ehij ddng phyc vy sdn xuat va ddi sdng ngUdi dan thi vai frd cila cac tram bdm la rat quan Irpng.
Theo sd lieu thong kd nam 2013, khu VUc DBSCL cd hdn 4.300 tram bdm phyc vy tudi, lieu cho gan 660 nghin ha liia va 6 nghin ha dien tich nudi trdng thuy san. Nhu cdu sCf dyng cac tram bdm tudi, lieu cd quy md vUa va nhd chidm khoang 70%, Cac tram bdm vUa vd nhd nay phuc vy tudi, fieu cho ede tieu viing ed dien tich dao ddng lU 50 den 1.000 ha, IUdng Ung vdi lUu IUdng tU 1.000 den 15.000 mVh. Hau het eac tram bdm deu ed cdt nude thap, dao ddng lU 1 den 3 m.
Ddc dilm tram bdm d khu vuc DBSCL phan Idn la cdc tram bdm nfid do ngudi dan tu xdy dung va quan ly nen edn nhieu nhUpc diem nhU: 1) Cdng trinh tram mang finh tam bd:
hau het cae tram bdm deu chay bang xang, ddu va didn ed quy md nhd IVlay
bdm dupe lap true tiep d bd kdnh, bai dat, be cayven sdng, trdn thuyen, Mdt so it nhd tram c6 choi bang tre, la do ngudi dan tu lam de bdo ve may bdm va ddng cd. Mdy bdm do cac nhdm ed khi tu san xuat theo dang quat eua cac Id ren, ed ket cau gd han, ddn sd, thieu ddng bd, nhanh hdng, hieu sudt rat thap (30-40%); 2) Cdng tae qudn ly van hanh lac hau: hdu het cac tram bdm la dang da ehien, do ed nhan hoae mpt nhdm ngUdi ciing ddu lu mua sam, hoat ddng mang linh lam thdi, rieng biet va khdng cd he thdng...
De khac phyc cac nhupc diem neu Iren, Vien Bdm va Thidt bj Thuy ldi dd nghien cUu ehe fao va thif nghiem thanh edng mdt sd md hinh tram bdm thich hpp vdi DBSCL, tidu bieu Id tram bdm be ldng lap ghep budng xoan dang hd sCf dyng may bdm HTbx 2500-3. Dudi day la mpf sd dac diem ehinh eua tram bom be tdng lap ghep budng xoan dang hd stf dung mdy bdm HTbx 2500-3 da dUpe iing dung thanh cdng vao san xudt tai nhidu tram bdm 6 khu vUc DBSCL nhu: VTnh My 3, Tdn Vong (An Giang), CUa Ga, Bd Mao, Rach Bao (Ca Mau)...
Ddc diem cua bdm HTbx 2500-3 Bdm HTbx 2500-3 SLt dyng ddng CP 33 kW, dupc nghidn cUu che tao
Tram bam sd dung miy bam HTbx 2500-3 tren cd s6 mdy bdm 15HT-70 thdng qua viec cai tien, hodn thien cdng nghd thidt kd vd ehe fao mdt so bp phan: 1) Cdi tien eanh edng tde va canh hudng eija may bPm de ddm bao may dat hieu suat 75%, luu lupng 2.500 m%, SLf dyng cdt nUde thap (dUdI 3 m); 2) Cdi tien kef cau than bdm thanh dang bdm tryc dUng hudng true vdi eac chi tiet dupe ehd fao theo cdng nghd gd han bang vdt lieu thich hdp nhU:
cdnh edng tac vd canh hudng dUdc gia edng nhidt, ddp bang khudn lU vdt lieu thep lam; thdn bdm va cut eong lam bang tdn day 3 mm nhiing kem, tryc bang thep C45; d dudi bdng cao su f^m carbon; loe hiit va rp rdc dUdc Idc han bang tdn day 3 mm, cd gan tdng eUng hoae dupe lam bang nhUa compozit d l ddm bdo nhe va khdng bj
I S N G NGHE Viet INam
So 1 nam 2016KHOA HOC - CONG NGHE VA DOI MOI
gi. Nhd vay, bdm cd kdt eau gpn nhe, dd Idp dat, v$n hanh va sifa chQa. Bdm HTbx 2500-3 cd the sii dung cd djnh trong cac tram bdm de tudi, tieu hoae da chien d l ehong ngdp cho cac tinh, thanh phd frong khu viic DBSCL, Ode Oiem cOa tr9m bdm
Tram bdm be tdng Idp ghep buong xoan dang hd la md hinh tram bdm dUdc nghien eiJu d l phuc vy tudi tidu cho vung DBSCL, vdi cae dac d i l m ehinh: cdng sudt nhd (moi module tudi, lieu cho 50 ha); edt nUde thap (dudi 3 m); ket cau cdng frinh tram ddn gian, gpn nhe, dd thi edng, gia thanh xay lap thap; cd the vdn hanh tudi, lieu ket hpp de phyc vu da dang cho cdc nhu eau tudi, fieu Irong vung; cd khd nang fhi cdng frong mdt miia khd, dam bdo thdi gian thi edng nhanh.
Tren cd sd dac thii eCia vung DBSCL, Vien Bdm va Thief bj Thuy ldi da nghidn eUu thiet ke md hinh nha tram mdi cd nhQng tinh ndng Uu vidt va phil hpp vdi dieu kien thue tien san xudt cua khu vUc: ket cau cua todn bp cdng trinh nha tram dupe lam bang bd tdng cot thep M200 due san; ket cau bao che bang khung thep ed t h i lap ghep de dang, thudn tipn; budng hut, budng xa cDa tram bom cau lao bang be ldng edt thep M200 due san,..
Ve tong the, nha tram cd kieh thude 2,8 X 1,68 X 3,2 m, gom 4 ept chju lUc bang thep I 160 x 81 mm. He dam khda bang thep I 160 x 81 mm. He fhdng xa gd loai Z 100 x 30 x 15, Idp tdn sdng day 3 mm. Hd fhdng cdt va dam lien ket vdi nhau bang bdn ma bat bulong. Chan cdt lien ket vdi san be tdng cila cau kien dd may bdm bang lien ket bulong M20 da ehdn san trong san. Tai ehdn mdi edt bd tri 4 gdn tang cUng bang thep tam cd hinh tam giac.
Cac gdn tdng edng hdn lidn ket giifa cdt va b i n ma bat bulong. Bdn ma clian ept ed eau tao hinh chO nhdt vd tren ban ma bd fri 4 Id bulong (fiSO de bat lidn ket vdi bulong nen.
Cac thdng sd cd bdn cCia tr^m bdm:
tram bdm cd lUu lupng mpt module la 2.500 m^/h; edt nUdc dja hinh: H = ~2
m (edt nUdc long H = 3 m); dien tich tudi, tidu phy frach cDa 1 tram la 50 ha.
Nguydn ly boat dOng cua tram bdm Tram bdm be tdng lap ghep budng xoan dang hd si!f dyng mdy bdm HTbx 2500-3 ed t h i dam bdo van hanh trong 4 trudng hpp sau day:
Trudng hdp tudi, tleu tu chay: khi mUe nUde trong dong va ngoai sdng cho phep ty chdy vao hodc chdy ra, he fhdng van (gdm 3 van) cija tram bdm dupe keo len hoan toan. Khi do, cao frinh dinh van triing vdi cao trinh dinh fang giOa (gia djnh la +3,50 m, cao trinh day kenh la +0,00 m). Liic nay, tram bdm trd thanh 1 cdng tudi (hodc tieu) tu chay. Nudc se chdy qua tdng dudi ciing ciia tram bdm de vao ddng hoae chdy rasdng.
Trudng hpp lay nudc tUdl: muc nUdc ngoai sdng xudng thap hdn trong dong, khdng dam bdo dieu kien lUdi tU chay. Liie nay, CLfa van sd 1 (quy djnh la CLfa van phia ddng) se ddng xudng hoan loan; cDa van sd 2 va 3 (quy dinh la 2 cijfa van phia sdng) se md len hoan foan (cao trinh dinh cCia 2 van nay la +3,50 m, fUc la triing vdi cao trinh dinh tang giOa). Vdi trudng hpp ndy, nUde se vao budng bdm fU phfa sdng, dupe may bdm bdm len tdng giiia vd chdy vao kenh phia dong d l phue vu fUdi.
Trudng hdp tieu nudc: muc nudc ngoai sdng dang eao hdn mUc nUde frong ddng, khdng dam bao dieu kien tidu tu chay. Khi do, eifa van sd 1 dupc keo len hoan loan, cao frinh dinh eCfa van la +3,50 m (tUc la triing vdi cao trinh dinh tdng giila); cifa van sd 2 va 3 ddng xudng hoan toan. Vdi trUdng hpp nay, nUdc sd tU kenh trong dong chay vao budng bdm tang dudi ciing, dUde mdy bdm bdm len tang giUa va day ra sdng,
Trudng hdp ddng cdng ngan nude sdng chay vio dong: Irong trUdng hpp nude phia song ddng cao nhUng khdng ydu eau tram bPm hoat dpng fUdi hoae tidu (tram bPm trd thanh mdt edng ngdn trieu), lue ndy, cCfa van phia sdng (van sd 2) se ddng lai hoan foan de
ngan nudc; van sd 3 keo ldn hodn toan (cao Irinh dinh eCfa van la +3,50 m, fife la triing vdi dinh tdng giiia). Khi do, hai van sd 2 va 3 se ngan hoan foan nUdc fU sdng chay vao frong dong.
Vdi nhu edu tdng nang suat va tdng vu canh fac ndng nghiep cua ngudi ddn 6 khu vUc DBSCL (tii 1 -2 vy/ndm, den nay nhidu dja phUdng trong viing da eanh tae 3, tham ehi la 4 vy/ndm) eiing vdi dd la nhu cau cung cap nudc ngot phyc vy nudi Irong thuy sdn cung ngay eang cao, cdn thidt phai co mdt mo hinh tram bdm mdi dUde tdi uu hda d l dap dng cho nhiJng yeu cau nay.
Tram bdm be tdng lap ghep budng xoan dang hd sif dung may bdm HTbx 2500-3 do Vien Bdm va Thiet bj Thuy lpi nghien eUu va phat friln da chUng minh dUdc nhieu uu diem trong qua trinh Ung dyng vao san xudt nhU:
- May bdm dupe ldi Uu hda d l cd the lam viee tdt trong didu kidn cac fhdng sd luu lUdng va mue nude dien hinh 6 khu vuc DBSCL
- Cdng trinh tram dang be long edt thep due san, fhi cdng nhanh gpn, chi phi thap, nhung van dam bao dp eUng vOng vd ede yeu cdu thiiy lUe
- Ket eau bao che bang khung thep eong nghiep de ddng thao lap, ed khd nang thi cdng nhanh trong vai ngay.
- Tram bdm cd the lam viec dupc cho ca 2 yeu cau tUdi va lieu, klii khdng hoat ddng, tram bdm cd the hoat ddng nhu mpt edng tUdi (hoae tieu) tu chay hoae cdng ngdn man.
- Gia thanh ddu fU thdp, thdi gian thi cdng eua tdng the cdng trinh ngdn.
Vdi nhOng uu d i l m neu tren, hy vpng trong thdi gian ldi, ede tram bPm nay tiep fue dupe Ung dung rdng rai vao san xuat, gdp phan dae luc phuc vy nhu cau tudi, tieu, ndng cao ndng sudt lao dpng, nang cao ddi sdng nhdn dan DBSCL theo tieu ehi ndng thdn mdi ^
So 1 nam 2016 KHOAHOC C D N G NGHE
