tSHIN RA THE G
Kinh nghiem quoc te
ve tai trgr von cho doanh nghiep khori nghiep va mot so de xuat cho Viet Nam
NQavlN THI HANH*
Phtfcfng thtfc h6 trrf vin cho doanh nghidp (DN) khdi nghiep dtfrfc cac qudc gia d§c bi^t quan tSm, nham thuc diy h$ sinh thai khdi nghiep. Bai vi^t phdn tich kinh nghidm tai trrf vo'n cho DN khdi nghi§p cua cac nrfdc Dong A bao g6m Trimg Qu6'c, Han Qu6'c va Nh§t Ban, ttf do, d^ xuS't mot s6'khuy§n nghj dd'i vdi Chinh phu Viet Nam trong vi$c h6 trgf v6n d l u tri nham khuydn khich stf tang trrfdng cua DN Ichdi nghidp.
KINy NGHIEM QUOC TE VE TAI TRCF V 6 N CHO DNKHdl NGHIEP
Kinh nghifm tdi trft vdn cko DN khdi nghidp d Trung Qud'c
Mac dil Chinh phu Trung Qufi'c dang th^t chat cdc boat dfing dau trf mao hidm, nhrfng nhffng nam gin ddy, sd Irfdng ede DN khdi ngbiep sdng tao dang pbat trien rd't manh me. Ndm 2017, tdng tdi sdn do cdc quy dau ttf mao hidm Trung Qufi'c qudn Iy da dat hdn 5.000 ty NDT, tang dfit bifin so vdi each day hai mtfdi ndm Ihdi difi'm ma Alibaba, Baidu, Tencent dang mdi bat dau thanb lap. Nam 2017, Trung Qufi'c cd hdn 100 DN khdi nghifip cfing nghfi dtfdc niem yet tren tbfi' gidi vd hdn 270 DN khdi nghiep ky lan (DN cd gid ti-i tff 1 ty USD ti-d len) (Covestro, 2018). Tinh theo gia trj huy ddng dau ttf vd thoai vd'n, hien nay Tmng Qudc chi dtfng sau My trong ITnh vtfc dau ttf mao hiem loan elu.
Theo bdo edo cua Covestro (2018) ve thtfc trang tmh hinh hoat dpng cua cde DN khdi nghifip Trung Qufi'c, nguyfin nhan eiia stf phdt trifi'n bung nd v l sfi' Irfdng cdc DN khdi nghiep va quy dau ttf bao gdm 7 nguyfin nhan: Tha nhdt, Trung Qufi'e trai qua hdn ba mtfdi ndm phdt tiidn, ndn kinb tfi'trrfdng thanh, lich luy diJ bi quyfi'l vd ngudn Irfc cho bfi sinh thdi khdi nghifip ddi mdi sdng lao; Thd
hai, Chinh phu Trung Qufi'c coi tinh thin doanb nhan dai cbung la trpng ldm phdt tridn tiep theo eiia dd't ntfde, do dd, cd rd't nhilu chinh sach thu hiit va hfi trd cdc DN khdi ngbiep; Tha ba, doanh nbdn dtfdc xem la nhffng anh hiing tbdi bien dai trong xa hfii Trung Quo'c, vi du nhtf Jack Ma da tao ra mfit ly ttfdng day khdt vpng cho the' hfi thanh luen; ThU tu, ngtfdi tieu dtfng dang md rdng nhu elu va sCn sang ehi tra cho cde giai phdp mdi phue vu nhu ciu cua hp; Tha ndm, nhu cau ve vfi'n trong cac nganh cdng nghifip da gidm deu tiong nhffng ndm qua, do dd, ddng vdn danh cho khdi ngbiep cung nhilu hdn, thtic day tdt hdn; Tha sdu, chc DN cdng nghe kbdng id dde bifit la Tencent, Alibaba Id nhtfng trung tam sang tao va tfdm tao rd't nhieu DN khdi nghifip, nhiihg DN nay phan nao dinb hinh hfi sinh thai khdi nghifip cua Trung Qud'c; Tha bdy, cd srf da dang hinh thffc hd tid tai chinh cho cdc DN khdi nghifip Trung Qufi'c, dd Id: Hfii ddng Bfin thtf ba mdi, Hpi ddng Ben thtf ttf mdi, Mang ltfdi nhd dau ttf thien than, vdn mdi eiia Cbinb phu, quy dau ttf mao hiem trong ntfdc va ngoai ntfdc, dac bifit la cdc quy dau ttf ciia dia phtfdng.
Xet ve khia canh nha ntfdc, Trung Quoc tap trung chu trpng phdt tridn khdi nghifip ddi mdi sdng tao the hien qua cdc chinh sdch va cdng cu quan ly nba ntfdc.
Nhffng ehinh sach ma dnh htfdng gian tie'p dfi'n khdi nghifip sdng tao c6 the chia ldm 3 khia canh: (I) thuc dly stf phat tridn khoa bpc va cfing nghe, (2) xue tifi'n chuydn dfi'i vd nang cap cac ngdnh cfing nghifip, (3) chuyen giao thtfdng mat boa cac kel qud nghifin ctfu khoa hpc trong cac titfdng va vien nghien ctfu. Nhffng chinh sdch nay tao dilu kifin thuan ldi va ngudn Itfc tfi't cho boat dfing khdi nghifip pbat trien.
'Khoa Quan trj kinh doanh, Trtfdng D^i hoc Ngoai thtfdng
HiN RA THE GlCfl
Ben canh dd, nhffng chinh saeb ldc dpng trtfe tie'p de'n he sinh thdi khdi nghiep sdng tao cua Trung Qudc ciing dtfdc chia ldm 3 nhdm theo muc tieu pbat tridn:
(1) phdt trien cd chd' dd hd trd cdc boat dpng khdi nghiep, (2) khuydn khich vd hd trd tai chlnh cho khdi nghifip, (3) phat tridn nhdn tdi va Iruyen cam hii^g khdi nghifip.
Chinb vi thfi', cdc cfing eu ciSa Nha ntfdc Trung Qudc sff dting dd Id cac quy dlu ttf trtfc tiep, chinh sdeh tai khod, chinh sdch gido due, phat tridn kfi't cd'u ha ting cho khdi nghifip va Ihay ddi he thdng Iudt phap. Cd thd IbEfy, nhtfng cbinh sdch trtfc tifi'p va gian tidp da the hifin quyet tam mong mudn thdc day khdi nghifip ddi mdi sang tao cua Nhd ntfdc va vai trd cua Nhd ntfdc dtfdc nhd'n manh khi tham gia he sinh tbdi.
v l khu vtfe ttf nhdn, cac quy dau ttf mao hidm boat dpng tieh ctfc d Trung Qudc bap gdm: Quy Zhen, K2VC va Sinovation Ventures d giai doan sdm, cdn IDG capital. Matrix Partners vd Sequoia Capital China la nhOhg quy dlu ttf vao giai doan trtfdng thanh. Cdc quy dau ttf chu ye'u tap tiung vdo dich vu internet, khoa hpc mdy tinh hay dich vu B2B, bfin canh dd cdc ITnh vrfe nhd hdn, nhtf: 6 tfi, logistics, AI, kinb te chia s^ va bdn le mdi cung pbat tridn rat ndng tiong nhflhg nam gin ddy.
CQng nghe tai chinh, bdo hiem, logistics va cfing nghifip 6 tfi chie'm gid tri dlu ttf ldn nhit tifin moi giao dich.
Nhffng DN khdi nghifip Trung Qudc dang cd cd bfii thudn ldi de phdt trien nhanh chdng trong giai doan nay bdi stf hfi tid cua Chinh ph^, stf quan ldm ciia cae quy dlu ttf tifin toan thd gidi. Tuy nhien, cd the tha'y rang, hiu hfi't cde DN khdi nghiep Trung Qufi'c cd xu htfdng di theo nhffng kich ban kinh doanh rifing dd thanh cdng trong bfi'i cdnh nin kinh le' va vdn hod dae sac Trung Qufi'c ndy.
Dilu quan trpng dlu tien phai kd de'n Id ddi mdi ve chi phi, de thtfc hifin vific dfii mdi v l chi phi, ddi bdi doanh nhdn can la nhtfng ngtfdi sdng lao va fim tdi nhiihg phtfdng thtfc, ngudn ltfe, nguyen Ueu mdi de lao ra stf khde bifit v l ehi phi. Viee tidp theo dtfdc doanh nhdn Trung Qufi'e iing bfi dd la thtfc bifin nhanh, ldp trung vdo toe dfi md rpng thi titfdng va lap lai mfi hlnh kinh doanh d nhieu khu vtfc Ididc nhau. Cdch thtfe nay giiip cho DN nhanh chdng tao dd'u d'n dfi'i vdi khaeh hang. Tie'p tbeo la ddi mdi dtfa vao hfi sinh thai, lay khdch hang ldm tiung tdm, ngay ca vdi bai loai hinb chien ltfdc chi phi thd'p vd chidn ltfdc kbdc biet hod. Nhiihg hlnh thtfe nay dtfdc DN Trung Quo'c stf dung rd't Unh boat, tao nen stf thdnh cfing dot phd d qufi'c gia nay.
Kink nghifm tdi trd vd'n cho DN kh&i nghidp d Hdn Qudc
He sinh tbdi khdi nghifip sang tao d Hdn Qufi'c bat dau sfii dpng ttf nam 2013, ddng thdi Chinh phu cung bit dau hfi trd va dly manh tinh thin ddanh nhdn trong gidi tie. Cdc boat dfing hd tid khdi nghifip dtfdc Tdng tiifi'ng date bifit quan tara tbiic dly nham giam ty Ifi that nghiep trong gidi tie. Nam 2013, chinh quyln Tdng thfi'ng Park Geun-hye da tiitfe hien mpt chtfdng tnnh mdi de khuyen khich khdi nghiep thong qua dlu m
cfing. Chtfdng trinh ldi tid vdn eua Chinh phii danh cho cdc dtf an tiong nbieu giai doan, bao gdm: Quy dlu ttf thien thin - Angel Matching Fund ddnh cho giai doan sdm vd Quy kidn lao Itfdng lai - Future Creation Fund ddnh cbo nhffng DN khdi nghifip giai doan tnmg. Chinh phii cung ddng Ihdi dtfa ra nhilu bifin phap bd tt^
mdi cho toan bp he sinh thai khdi nghiep, nhtf: kha'u trtf thud cho cdc nha dlu ttf thifin thin vd cdc thu lue mua lai, sdp nhdp ddn gian hdn eho cdc dtf dn mdi.
Chtfdng trtnh Chinb phia da ddng gop trtfc tiep va gian tifi'p vao sif gia tdng sd Itfdng cdc quy mdi dtfdc hinh thdnh va thtfdng vu dlu ttf thtfc tfi' vdo cdc cfing ly khdi nghifip Han Qufi'c. Trong nam 2014, eae quy dau ttf mao biem mdi dtfdc thanh lap tai Hdn Qufi'c vdi tdng tri gid 2,2 nghin ly Won (2 ty USD), ldng 65% so vdi tong vfi'n dlu ttf mao hidm drfdc hinh thanh vao ndm 2012. Ddng thdi, dau ttf mao hidm dtf kifin se tang ien 1,5 nghin l^ Won (1,4 ty USD), vdi mtfc tdng 25%
trong mpt nam. T^ le dau ttf mao hiem vao cdc cdng ty khdi nghifip giai doan sdm (cdc cfing ty mdi thanh lap trong vdng ba nam) Id 0,3 ngbin ty Won (Itfdng dtfdng 272 tiieu USD), chifi'm 31% cfla tdng mtfc dlu ttf, ldng gin 7% so vdi nam 2013 (Bom2Global, 2018). Chinh phii da the hien quye't tam ciia minh khi tao cac ddng vdn cho tbi trtfdng khdi nghifip, dilu ndy khuyfi'n khich tinh thin doanh nhdn Ifin eao tiong gidi tie Han Qudc.
Ben eanh dd, nhieu cd quan Chinh phu Han Qudc dd ldp ke' hoaeh h6 tid cdc f ttfdng mdi vd sdng tao, dde bifit la nhflhg f ttfdng nghien cdu trong cac trtfdng dai hpc va nhihig ITnh vtfc mdi ciia nin kinh tfi', nhtf: cfing nghe Ihfing lin vd khoa hpc hifin dai. Dilu ndy cung gdp phan thtic dly cdc DN Han Qude tham gia manh hdn vao Cdcb mang Cfing nghipp 4.0. Do dd, cdc ed quan to ehtfe eiia Chinh phii rat tich ctfc trong boat dfing hd tid khdi nghifip sdng tao, tuy theo muc tifiu cfla tffng td chtfe ma cd cdc hlnb thtfc hd tr^
kbdc nhau va hiu hel tap trung ho trd cdc dif an d giai doan dlu. Cd thd k l den mpt sd td chtfc boat dpng tich ctfc cua ehinh phu Hdn Qufi'c nhtf sau:
Thung lung Pangyo
Ngdy 22/03/2016, Han Qudc da khai tiifdng thung lung khdi nghifip ldn nhit efla ntfde ndy ngay tai Tbu dfi Seoul. Dil^c dau ttf vdi long ehi phi Ien tdi gan 36 ai?u USD, tiiung lung kinh id sdng tao Pangyo
tpa lac ti-en khu da't rpng tdi bdn 17.000m- ngay lai phia Nam Seoul. Thung lung nay Id ndi tfdm mam, nudi dtfdng va hien thtfc hda nbtilig y ttfdng khdi nghifip cua cdc doanh nhan Han Qudc vd khu vtfe. Mai nha chung cua bdn 200 DN khdi nghiep Pangyo se la tru sd ehinh ctfa cdc DN cfing nghfi hdng dau tai Hdn Qufi'c tiong linh vifc intemet, dien thoai di dfing va ltfu tiii dff Ufiu (Thu Ngpc, 2016). Khfing chl bo tid DN nfii dia md rdng boat dfing kinh doanh ra ntfdc ngodi, thung lung Pangyo cdn cd nhiem vu thu but cae DN ntfdc ngoai tdi Han Qudc lap ngbiep va phdt Iridn kinh doanb ra toan bp khu vtfc chdu A.
Trung tdm Sdng tgo ndi dung Hdn Qudc (KOCCA)
Han Qufi'c Id qudc gia eiia difin anh vd dm nhac, do dd, nfii dung sang tao lufin dtfdc tfu tifin hang dau trong ddi mdi ky tbuat sd. Trung tam Sdng tao nfii dung Hdn Qudc bfi ti-d tbuc d l y nganh cfing nghifip ndi dung Hdn Qudc. Do dd, trung tdm thifc hifin gidm sdt va pho'i hdp thtfc day nganh cfing nghifip npi dung Hdn Qudc bao gdm: Vidn Phat tiianh Hdn Qudc, Cd quan Npi dung va Van hda Han Qufi'c va Cd quan Trd chdi Han Qudc. Ngodi ra, Trung ldm eung cap giao due cho nbi?ng ngtfdi sang tao nfii dung vd phuc vu nhtf mfit vtfdn tfdm cho khdi nghiep npi dung. Mpt so' lmh vrfc hp hd tid bao gdm: cde trd chdi, d'uyen tranh, AR/VR, hoat hlnh, cap phep nhdn vdt, phat sdng vd dm nhac.
Trung tdm Qudn If DN vaa vd nho Hdn Qudc (SMBA)
SMBA la mfit ti'ong nhu^g cd quan tiiufie Bp DN vtfa va nhd vd Khdi nghifip, nhdm thuc dly ddi mdi sdng tao cua DN vtfa vd nhd vd DN sifiu nhd. Hdn nffa, muc tifiu hoat dfing cua SMBA nham thlic dly tang trtfdng kinh doanh, thtic day khdi nghifip kinh doanh va h5 tia cho cdc DN sieu nhd. Nam 2013, SMBA da drfa ra mpt chrfdng tilnh nham thuc day stf phdt trien cua dau ttf tiiifin thin.
SMBA hdp tde vdi Hiep hpi Cac nhd dlu ttf Thien thin Han Qufi'c thdnh ldp quy dau ttf tiiien than tri gia 87 t^ Won (79 tiieu USD) vd thtfc hifin cac khoan khau trff tiiud mdi cho nha dlu ttf thifin thin (Born2Global, 2018).
Kinh nghidm tdi trd »'^« c^" ^^ ^^^
nghifp ct Nhgt Bdn
Ndm 2018, Nh$t Ban da cd hai DN khdi nghifip sdng tao ky lan vd Cbinh
phfl dang dat mtic tifiu Id 20 DN khdi ngbiep sang tao kJ Idn vao nam 2023. Ky Idn dlu tien la Mercari, mpt tfng dung trfin thi trtfdng trtfc luydn cho hang hda da qua stf dung, tidp theo la mang Itfdi hpc sdu Preferred Networks, cd gia Iri bdn 2 t^ USD. Cdc Iifin kfi't kinh doanh tdng trrfdng eao eung da xuat bifin ttong cfing nghfi sinh hpc, chdi game, truyen thong, logistics, FinTech va tri tue nhdn tao va Tokyo van la dau mfi'i ldn nhat.
Cd the ndi, hoat dfing dlu ttf mao hidm cua Nhdt Ban da phdt trien dang ke, mac dii quy mfi vdn edn nhd hdn nbieu so vdi Thung lung SilUcon (My), nhtfng sd vd'n nay cung da ldn hdn cdc ntfdc cfing nghifip tifin tidn khac, nhtf: Phdp, Dtfc vd Anh. Stf thay ddi quan trpng nhdt trong nganh dlu ttf mao Mem Nhdt Bdn Id stf gia tang cua cac quy dlu ttf mao hidm chuyfin nghifip. Stf thfi'ng tri lich sff ciia cdc quy td chtfe tdi ehfnh da bi chi trich vi khfing khuyen khich cdc nhd dlu ttf theo dudi ldi nhu^n cao ma chpn giai phdp an todn. Do do, nam 2015 vd 2014, sfi' vdn dau ttf dd vdo cdc quy mdi la danh eho cdc quy chuyfin nghifip.
Trong nam 2015, nd la 35%, tiep theo Id quy dlu ttf mao hidm cua cac cdng ty ldn d mtfc 28% va ddu ttf mao hidm eiia td chtfc tdi ehinh d mffc 18%. Trong ndm tifi'p theo, cdc quy dlu ttf mao hidm chuyfin nghifip da nbdn dtfde 42%, quy dlu ttf mao hidm cua cfing ly nhdn dtfdc 43%. Cdc quy dlu trf chuyfin nghifip hoat dfing tich erfc bao gdm: World Innovation Lab, Globis Capita! Partners, B Dash Ventures va mot sd' td ehffc khde (Statista, 2019).
Trong dd, phai ke tdi Td chtfc mang ltfdi ddi mdi sdng tao Nhdt Ban (The Innovation Network Corporation of Japan - INCJ) - ddy la nfi Itfc cua Chlnh phu Nb|it Bdn nhdm cham ngoi cho cdc khoan dau ttf vdo he sinh thdi khdi nghifip sang tao Nhdt Bdn. Dtfde thanb ldp vdo ndm 2009, vdi quy mfi tii gid 300 ty Yen vdi 286 ty Yen ttf Chinh phu va 14 ty Yen tff 26 tap doan, bao gdm cdc tdp doan ldn cua Nhdt Ban, nhtf: Toyota, Canon, Sumitomo va Mitsubishi. Bfin canh dd, cac khoan bao lanh bd sung cua Chinh phii la 1.800 ty Yfin eho cdc khoan vay cho phep INCJ dlu ttf ldng cpng khoang hdn 2.000 ty Yfin. Thdi gian boat ddng cua INCJ dtfpc ed dinh d mtfe 15 nam va dtfdc dieu hanh bdi stf kfi't hdp giffa cdc quan chffc chinh phfl vdi nhitag ngtfdi tham gia khu vtfe Wnhdn (HS Rowen, 2010).
MOT SO DE XUXT D6'| VCfl VIET NAM Trong nhitag nam gin day, phong ttao khdi nghifiji lai Vifit Nam ldn manh va pbat trien vdi td'c dfi rat nhanh. Nfi'u nam 2012, Vifit Nam cd khoang 400 cfing ty khdi nghiep, thi ndm 2015, con sdndy da lang hdn 4 lan, dat 1.800 startup va dfi'n thang 09/2019 la khoang 3.000. Bao eao "Btfc tranh khdi nghiep sdng lao d Vifit Nam 2019" do Cd quan Thtfdng mai va Dlu ttf eua Cbinh phti Austtaha (Austtade) edng bd gan ddy cho thd'y, Viet Nam dang dtfng tiitf 3 Ddng Nam A v l sd Itfdng cac DN khdi nghiep va hfi sinh thdi khdi
^HiN RA THE QICJI
nghifip sdng tao d Vifit Nam dem de'n nhffng cd hfii tuyfit vdi cho cdc nha dau ttf.
Vdi he sinh thdi khdi nghiep phong phu tai Viet Nam cung cac ehinh sach hd trd ciia Cbinh phu, nhilu quy dau ttf ntfde ngoai da rdt vd'n vao cac DN khdi nghifip Viet Nam. Tinh de'n tbdng 09/2019, he sinh thai Ididi nghiep eua Viet Nam dang phdt trien vdi hdn 40 quy dau ttf mao hiem boat ddng, tang gap dfij so vdi 2015. Nhieu tdp doan ldn ttong ntfdc da tbam gia vao dau trf mao hiem, nhtf; FPT, Viettel, Vingroup, CMC... Cung vdi dd la hdn 40 cd sd tfdm tao, td chtfc thuc dly kinh doanh va 60 kbu kbdng gian ldm vific ehung tien cd ntfdc. Theo Topica Founder Institute (TFI), Irfdng vfi'n dd vdo cdc startup Vifit da tang 3 lln trong giai doan 2016-2018, ttf 205 tiieu USD Ien gan 900 trieu USD. Austrade eho rang, vdn ntfdc ngoai dtfdc chao ddn, cdc quy dau ttf mao hiem va td chtfc cdng nghe qufi'c te' dang pbat trien ddu In rifing tai Vifit Nam.
Tuy sfi' Itfdng nhilu, nhtftig phan ldn ede DN khdi nghifip ttong ntfdc, dac bifit la nhffng DN ttong Knh vi^c cdng nghe van dang gap v6 van khd khan ttong vific gpi vd'n dlu ttf, nhat Id vdn dlu ttf ngoai. Tdng vfi'n dlu ttf vdo cde startup cua Vifit Nam hifin thd'p hdn nbieu so vdl cdc ntfdc trong kbu vtfc va cd rat it DN thu hdt dtfdc vdn dlu ttf vai chuc trifiu USD. Nguyen nhdn la do, rdo can phdp ly, chinh sdch v l dlu ttf, cde vd'n d l uen quan ddn thodi vfi'n, eho vay, vfi'n dau ttf mao hiem... lao thanb cac rao can, mil tiiat khien cac nha dau ttf con e ngai, cdc DN khdi nghiep sdng tao vl thfi' cung md't di cd bfii kinh doanh.
Dtfa ttfin kinh ngbifim ve ehinh sdch hd trd boat dpng buy dpng vfi'n cbo DN khdi nghiep ciia chmh phu cdc qudc gia ndi tten, tdc gid d l xuat mfit sfi' khuydn nghi ddi vdi Chinh phfl Vifit Nam tiong vd'n d l ndy nhtf sau:
Tha nhdt, Vifit Nam can ehd ttpng hdn vdo bfi ttd dau ttf giai doan sdm, vdn mdi cho cac dtf an khdi nghiep sdng tao. Nha ntfdc cung cd the thanh ldp cac td ehffc tai chinh vdi sfi' vo'n ban dlu ttf ngan sdch nhd nrfde di bfi ttd ddi trfdng khdi nghiep thed ITnh vi/c tfu tien la can thiel, qua dd se lao "vd'n mdi" de thu but va ttanh thu stf dau itf cua cae Quy dau ttf ttong va
ngodi ntfdc. Cd ra't nhieu mo binh ntfdc ngoai ma chung ta ed the bpc tap de dp dung. Vi du: chtfdng trinh tdi tia vdn ciia chinh phfl Hdn Qudc ddnh cho cdc dtf an ttong nhilu giai doan, bao gdm Quy dau ttf thifin than - Angel Matching Fund danh cbo giai doan sdm vd Quy kifi'n lao Itfdng lai - Future Creation Fund danh eho nhffng DN khdi nghiep giai doan ttung. Hay nbtf mfi hinh d Nhat Ban, Cbinh phu Nb§t Ban khong xem tdi sdn the' chd'p Id yfiu can dd DN ttf nhdn tidp edn dtfdc ngudn vdn vay tfu dai cua Chinh phu, md song song vdi dd, xem xet that bai ttong qud khtf Id dau hieu tich ctfc, hfi ttd kha ndng vay vfi'n ciia DN ttong ttfdng lai.
Tha hai, di dam b i o boat dOng tdi ttd khdi nghifip tao ra ldc dOng vd dat hifiu qua cao hdn, Chinh phfl cd thd thiet kfi' cdc gdi kdt hdp mfit sfi' cfing cu khde nhau, nhtf: kfi't hdp ldi ttd khfing hoan lai vd vfi'n cd phin, tdi ttd khfing hoan lai va vfi'n vay, nd vay cd the chuyen do'i (thanh vdn chu sd hiJu) hode cho ph6p chuydn ddi nd vay tbdnh vdn tdi tid khfing bodn Iai khi dtf dn that bai.
ThU ba, dii vdi cac DN khdi nghiep ddi mdi sang lao, ngudn vdn dlu ttf Id i^t quan tipng, nhit Id ttong giai doan dau de DN cd the duy trt va bipn thtfc hda cdc y ttfdng cua minh. Tbfi' nhtfng phin tidm rd't ldn DN khdi nghifip ddi mdi sdng tao da thdt bai bdi nguyen nhan thieu vdn ttifi'n kbai eae ehien ltfdc, chtfdng trtnh de ra. Vl vay, viec tao dilu kifin cho cdc DN ndy cd the tidp cdn dd ddng vdi nguln vfi'n kinh doanh Id dilu lfi'i can thidt, md quan ttpng la cin stf giup dd ttf phia Chinh phu, de tao mfii trtfdng thudn ldi giiip cac DN khdi nghiep sang tao ngay cang thanh cdng nhilu bdn.U
T A I L I P U T H A M K H A O _ _ l.CdquanThtfdngmaivd Dlu ttf-Chinh phu Austtaha (Austtade) (2019). Bdo cdo "BUc tranh khdi nghiep sdng tgo d Viet Nam 2019"
2. Thu Ngpc (2016). Hdn Qud'c khai truang thung ldng khdi nghiip tgi Seoul, truy cap ttf blips://
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