HIEU QUA KINH TE VA MOI RU^CXNG
CUA QUY BAO VE MOI TRU^OfNG VIET NAM
> N G U Y I N VAN LUAN
TOM TAT: . , Quy Bao ve moi truong la mot cong cu quan trpng cua Nha nude trong o?t ^J^^^^^i^^
tai tao moi truong. Nhjm muc dich nang cao hieu qua hoat dong cua Quy '. „ « : mrmio trong ba, viSt nay, tac gia phan tich danh gia sau tinh hieu qua ve mat kmh te va mo. m o n g trong hoat dong ciia Quy thm gian qua, tir do dua ra nhttng kien nghi nham nang cao hieu qua boat ddng cua Quy trong thai gian tdi.
Tir khoa: Quy bao ve moi trucmg, hieu qua Itinh tk, hieu qua moi trucmg.
1. D3t van de
Khi phat triSn nhirng chinh sach va cong cu de bao ve moi trucmg, eae nha lam ehinh sach can phai danh gia tinh hieu qua cua tirng chinh sach va cong cu tren nhieu phucmg dien idiac nhau, nhir: tinh hieu qua ve kinh te, tinh hieu qua ve moi trucmg, tinh kha thi, Idianangthich ling,.... Trongkhuon kho bai viet nay, tac gia dua ra quan diem danh gia tinh hieu qua ve mat kinh te va tinh hieu qua ve mat moi tnrcmg ciia mpt trong nhiing cong cu cua Nha nuac trong bao ve moi truong tai Viet Nam, do la Quy Bao ve moi trucmg.
2. Khai quat chung ve Quy Bao ve moi trircmg Theo quan diera ciia cac nha kinh tl, Quy Moi truang co the dugc hieu la mot the che hoac mot ca ch^ dugc thiet ke de nhan kinh phi tir nhieu nguon khac nhau va tir do phan phoi cac ngu6n nay de ho trg qua trinh thuc hien cac du an hoac cac boat dong cai thien chSt lugng moi hirdng.
Nguon thu cho Quy Moi tniimg dugc hinh thanh tir nhi6u nguon khac nhau, nhu:
- Phi va le phi moi miang.
- Ti6n dong gop tir nguyen ciia cac ca nhan va doanh nghiep.
- Klioan tai trg b5ng ti^n hoac hien vat ciia cac to chixc n-ong nuac, chinh quyen dia phuang va chinh phu, va cac t6 chiic qu6c te.
- Ti6n phat cac hoat dpng anh hucmg xau den chat lugng moi truang ho3c tix cac cong cu kinh te khac.
nhu: le phi thai, giSy phep co the chuyen nhugng, thue moi trucmg,...
- Ti6n lai va cac khoan lgi khac thu dugc tii ho^it dpng cua cac quj.
Quy Moi trucmg boat dgng thong thucmg duoi hinh thirc cung cap h6 trg tai chinh voi cac diSu khoan uu dai, cac khoan trg cap khong hoan lai, cac khoan vay v6n dai ban vai lai suat thap ban lai suat hien hanh tren thi truang.
Tai Viet Nam, Theo Dieu 149 Luat Bao ve moi truang 2014, Quy Bao ve moi truang dugc dinh nghia nhu sau:
"1. Quy Bao ve moi truang la t6 chiic t^i chinh dugc thanh lap a trung uang, nganh, linh vuc, tinh, thanh ph6 true thupc trung uong dk hd trg boat dong bao ve moi trudng.
Nha nude khuyen khich doanh nghiep, td chiic, ca nhan thanh lap Quy Bao ve moi trudng.
2. Von hoat dong cua Quy Bao ve mSi triroTig quoc gia va cSp tinh duffc hinh thanh tir cSc ngudn sau:
a) Ngan sach Nha nu&c hd tra;
b) Phi bdo ve moi tnrong;
c) Cdc khodn bdi thuang cho Nhd nuac vi thiet hgi moi tnrang;
d)Cdc khoan hS tra. dong gdp. uy thac ddu lu cua to chiic, ca nhan trong vd ngodi nuac.
3 Thdm quyin thdnh lap Quy Bdo ve md, tru&ng duac quy dinh nhu sau:
a) Thu iicang Chinh phii quyit dinh vi^c ih'nl
So 6-Thang 4/2020
KINH TE
lap, to chiec va hogt dpng Quy Bdo ve moi truang quoc gia. Quy Bdo ve moi tru&ng cua Bp, ca quan ngang bp, tap doan kinh te, tong cong ty nha nu&c;
b) Uy ban nhan ddn cdp tinh quyet dinh viec thdnh Igp, to chuc vd hogt dpng Quy Bdo ve moi truang cua minh;
c) To chiec, cd nhdn thdnh lap Quy Bdo ve moi tru&ng cita minh vd hogt dpng theo dieu le cua quy. "
Den nay, nude ta cd 41 to chirc Quy Bao ve moi trudng, trong do, co 1 Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Trung ucng (Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam), 39 Quy Bao ve mdi trudng dia phuang va i Quy Bao ve mdi trudng nganh Than. Quy dugc thanh lap d cap Trung ucmg gpi la Quy Bao ve moi trudng Viet Nam va dugc thanh lap d cap tinh gpi la Quy Bao ve moi trudng dia phuong. Uy ban nhan dan cap tinh quyet dinh thanh lap, to chiic va hoat ddng ciia cac Quy Bao ve moi trudng dia phuang. Quy Bao ve moi trudng dja phucmg true thupc Sd Tin nguyen va Mdi trudng, chiu su quan ly nha nude ve tai chinh cua Sd Tai chinh.
Nguyen tac hoat dpng cua Quy Bao ve mdi trudng la boat ddng khong vi muc dich lgi nhuan, nhung phai bao toan vdn dieu le va tu bu dap chi phi quan ly hoac tu dam bao mgt phan chi phi boat dgng thudng xuyen; bao dam cdng khai, minh bach va binh d^ng. Quy Bao ve moi trudng la td chiic tai chinh cua Nha nude, cd tu each phap nhan, cd vdn di8u le, con diu va bang can ddi ke toan rieng, dugc md tai khoan tai Kho bac Nha nude va cac td chiic tin dung. DS danh gia tinh hieu qua ve kinh tl va mdi trudng cua cac Quy Bao ve mdi trudng tai Viet Nam, tac gia danh gia thdng qua boat dpng cua Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam - true thugc Bp Tai nguyen va Mdi trudng.
Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam (VEPF) dugc thanh lap ngay 26/6/2002 theo Quylt dinh so 82/2002/QD-TTg ciia Thii tu'dng Chinh phu, vdi sd vdn dilu le 200 ty dong, hien dugc t6 chuc hoat ddng theo Quylt dinh sd 78/2014/QD-TTg ngay 26/12/2014 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu. Nam 2008, Thu mdng Chinh phii cd Quylt djnh quy dinh lai td chiic va hoat dong cua Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam, vdi sd vdn dilu le la 500 ty ddng va mgt sd nhiem vu dugc b6 sung. Thuc hien theo tieu chi
"hoat dgng khdng vi muc dich Igi nhuan", cac ngudn luc cua Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam deu hudng tdi myc tieu cai thien mdi trudng, nham gdp phan t^o nen mgt mdi trudng xanh - sach - dep va phat hien ben vimg dat nude.
Tir khi thanh lap cho den nay, Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam da cho vay ban 275 du an, vdi tdng sd vdn 2.654 ty ddng; tai trg cho 62 du an va hoat ddng bao ve mdi trudng, vdi tdng sd tien 92,2 ty ddng; hd trg gia dien gio ndi ludi cho 5 du an dien gid, vdi sd tien 86,6 ty ding; trg gia san pham COM (Dien gid Binh Thuan) vdi sd tien 67,6 ty ddng, hd trg du an va boat dpng CDM 3,1 ty ddng; thu le phi ban/chuyin CERS (Chirng chi giam phat thai khi nha kinh dugc chirng nhan) dugc 45,19 ty ddng; van dgng till trg dugc 2,32 ty ddng, chi hd trg tir ngudn van ddng tin trg 2,26 ty ddng.
Cac linh virc ma Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam hd trg cho vay gdm:
- Xir iy nuac thai sinh boat tap trung cd cong suSt thiet kl tir 2.500 m^ nude thai trd len trong mot ngay dem ddi vai khu vuc dd thj tir loai IV trd len.
- Xay dung ha tang ky thuat bao ve mdi trudng cac khu cdng nghiep, cum cong nghiep, lang nghe.
- Thu gom, van chuyen, xir ly chat thai ran thdng thudng tap trung.
- Xir ly chat thai nguy hai, ddng xir ly chat thai nguy hai.
- Xir ly, cai tao cac khu vyc mdi trudng bi d nhiem tai cac khu vuc cong cpng.
- San xudt, nhap khau may mdc, thiet bi, phucmg tien chuyen diing sir dung true tiep trong viec thu gom, van chuyen, xir ly chat thai; quan trac va phan tich mdi trudng; san xuat nang lupng tai tao; xir ly d nhilm moi trudng; ung phd, xir ly su cd mdi trudng.
- San xuat cac san pham than thien vdi mdi trudng duac Bg Tai nguyen va Moi trucmg gan Nhan xanh Viet Nam; san pham tir hoat ddng tai che, xii ly chat thai dugc ca quan nha nude cd tham quyen chiing nhan.
- Quan trac moi trudng.
- Cac ITnh vuc khac quy dinh tai Phu luc III Nghi djnhsd 19/2015/ND-CPngay 14/02/2015 va Phy luc III Nghi dinh sd 40/2019/ND-CP ngay 13/5/2019 (cd hieu luc tir ngay 01/7/2019).
3. Hieu qua kinh te v^ mdi tru-dug cua Quy Bao ve moi trudng Viet Nam
Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam la mdt trong nhiing cdng cu ciia Chinh phii trong chi dao, dieu hanh va trien khai cac hoat ddng bao ve moi trudng.
thuc hien muc tieu phat trien ben vihig dat nuac, tang trudng kinh te di ddi vdi bao ve mdi tnidng.
Theo quy dinh hien hanh, vdn dieu le ciia Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam la 1.000 ty ddng tii nguin ngan sach nha nude cap. Ddi tugng cho vay
So 6-Thang4/2020 89
Bang 1. Ket qua cho vay theo vung mien cua Quy Bao ve moi truing Viet Nen Sotfenchovay
>U
TT Vungmfen S o d y a n (tydSng)
1 Mien Bac 144 865 34%
2 Mien Trung va Tay Nguyen 58 689 27%
3 Mien Nam 82 968 38%
Tong cong 2 9 4 2.522 lOOC/o
Ngudn. Cap nhdt din ngdy 31/12/2018 - Quy Bdo v4 moi truang Viet Nam
cua Quy la cac td chirc, ca nhan cd du an dau tu bao ve moi trudng vdi mirc lai suat uu dai cd dinh trong sudt thai gian cho vay tir 2,6 % - 3,6%, vdi thdi ban vay len din 10 nam. Theo bao cao ciia Quy Bao ve moi trudng Viet Nam, tinh den cudi nam 2018, Quy da giai ngan 76% vdn cho vay vdi lai suat im dai d 54 tinh, thanh phd tren ca nude. (Bang 1)
Den cudi nam 2018. Quy Bao ve moi trudng Viet Nam da ky ket hgp ddng tin dyng dat 379,99 ty ddng, giai ngan vdn vay dat 324,77 ty ddng, dat miic tang trudng ban 33% so vdi nam 2017, thu hdi ng gdc dat 161,23 ty ddng. Tinh trong giai doan tir n5m 2010 - 2019, toe dp tang trudng tin dung ciia Quy deu tang tren 10%/nam, (Bieudd 1)
Thdng qua boat ddng chii yeu la cho vay quay vdng vdn, ngudn vdn do ngan sach nha nude cap cho Quy Bao ve mdi trudng da hd tra dupe cho nhieu du an, boat dgng bao ve moi trudng, ddng thdi cd ngudn thu tu trang trai chi phi boat ddng, tir do giam bdt ap luc, ganh nang ngan sach nha nude chi cho boat dgng nay. Quy Bao ve mdi trudng da gdp phan tich cue vao qua trinh dong bd hda eac cdng cu tai chinh, chinh sach ciia Nha nude, hien thuc hda cac cam kit ciia Chinh phii Viet Nam vdi cgng ddng qudc te trong ITnh vuc bao ve mdi trudng.
Mac dii kit qua vk tang trudng tin dung cua Quy trong giai doan 2004 - 2018 (Bilu dd 3) diu tang nhanh qua cac nam, nhung lai dang cd mot nghjcb ly xay ra trong hoat dgng cho vay cua Quy Bao ve moi hrrdng trong giai doan ban 10 nam qua, do la ngudi
mudn vay thi khdng dap ling du dieu kien, ngugc lai ngudi dii dieu kien thi khong muon vay. Nguyen nhan xay ra nghich ly tren la do:
Thil- nhdt, ngudn vdn ciia Quy Bao ve mdi trudng hien nay rat ban che. Theo quy dinh cua Luat Bao ve mdi trutmg 2014, von hoat dpng ciia Quy Bao ve mdi trudng dugc hinh thanh tir cac ngudn: Ngan sach Nha nude; Phi bao ve moi huimg; Cac khoan bdi thudng cho Nha nude ve thiet hai moi trudng;
Cac khoan hd trg, ddng gdp, uy thac d^u hr ciia td chiic, ca nhan trong \a ngoai nude. Tuy nhien, hien nay, ngudn von cua Quy hiiu nhu ciii phu thuoc vio ngan sach nha nude. NguIn v6n nay thudng la dn dinh, it khi dugc tang, bd sung. Trong khi do, cac ngudn vdn cd the bd sung thudng xuyen cho Quy nhu phi bao vemdi trudng, cac khoan bdi thudng cho Nha nude ve thiet hai moi trudng lai chua cd ca che chuyen vdn.
Thu hai. vdi ngudn vdn it 6i, cac Quy Bao ve mdi truang thudng rat than trpng trong lua chon xet duyet ddi tugng dugc vay. Quy thudng co nhimg quv dmh rat chat che ve ddi lugng cho vay, cQng nhu nhiing yeu cau ve tai san dam bao. Thuc trang chune hien nay, cac doanh nghiep dau tu trong ITnh vuc moi hyang co chi phi dau tu ban dau Idn. thdi gian hoan vdn dai, chinh sach tin dyng phirc tap Vi vav cac doanh nghiep cd du tiem luc se tu minh dSu tu hoac tim den nhung ca che tin dung khac vdi nhilu thuan loi va uu dai hon ca che \ a\ von tir Ouy R ' - - trucmg. Con ddi voi cac doanh nghiep xbii'llm Tue.
90 So 6 - Tfiang 4/2020
KINH TE
can vdn vay, thudng khdng dap irng dugc cac tieu chi cho vay ma Quy dat ra.
Ngoai ra, viec xet duyet hd sa doi tugng cho vay cua Quy van cdn xay ra tinh trang tieu cue. Kit qua thanh tra nam 2016 ciia Thanh tra Bg Tai chinh trong viee thanh tra cong tac quan ly thu va sir dung Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam va Quy Bao ve mdi trudng CLia 4 tinh, thanh phd true thugc Trung ucmg, gdm: Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, Ha Npi, Dong Nai va Binh Duang cho thay, cdng tac cho vay ciia Quy vSn cdn cac tdn tai, bat cap ve ca ehl, chinh sach. Cu the nhu: Viec cho vay vdn vdi lai suSt uu dai cac du an bao ve mdi trudng chua phii hgp ve ddi tugng cho quy dinh tai Khoan 1, Dilu 38 va Khoan 1, phy luc III ban hanh kem theo Nghi dinh sd 19/2015/ND-CP ngay 14/02/2015 ciia Chinh phu quy dinh chi tilt thi h^nh mdt sd dieu ciia Luat Bao ve mdi trudng ddi vdi cac du an xay dung he thdng xii ly nude thai.
Viec tinh toan va xac djnh tien lai ky quy cai tao, phuc hdi mdi trudng ddi vdi hoat ddng khai thac khoang san tai mdt sd Quy Bao ve mdi trudng chua dung quy dinh; Viec thuc hien ke khai va nop thue tai cac Quy khdng ddng nhat. Cd 2/5 Quy Bao ve mdi trudng chua thuc hien ke khai va nop thue thu nhap doanh nghiep ddi vdi khoan lai tien giri ngan hang phat sinh tai cac quy. Qua thanh tra, da xac djnh va kien nghi thu nop ngan sach nha nude gan 4 ty ddng tien thue thu nhap doanh nghiep tir cac Quy Bao ve mdi trudng.
Ve mat hieu qua mdi trudng, trong thdi gian hem 10 nam thanh lap cho din nay, mdt trong nhiing ket qua ndi bat, cd y nghia doi vdi ITnh vuc mdi trudng va khai thac khoang san dd la boat ddng dang ky ky Quy Cai tao phyc hoi moi trudng ddi vdi boat ddng khai thac khoang san. Tdng sd tien ky Quy thdi gian qua ma Quy thu nhan la hem 130 ty ddng. Thdng qua Quy, cac td chiic ca nhan thuc hien dugc trach nhiem cai tao, phuc hdi mdi trudng ddi vdi boat ddng khai thac khoang san. Mdt mang hoat ddng khac cung Bieu ao 1: Ket qua stjfdung von cua Quy
Bao ve moi trUdng Viet Nam
• O i o v a y
• TaitrtJ
• Ho 1x9 Is' ^^^t sau 0 % '•'^% Ho tro gia tJien gi6
dugc Quy hd trg thue hien cd hieu qua lien quan den bien ddi ddi khi hau - ddi vdi cac du an dau tu theo Ca che phat trien sach (CDM), tir viec thu phi le phi ban/cbuyen chiing chi giam phat thai khi nha kinh dugc chiing nhan (CERs). Cac chimg nhan nay do Ban chap hanh qudc te ve CDM d p cho du an CDM; thupc sd hihi cua nha dau tu xay dung va thuc hien du an CDM, dugc theo doi va quan ly thdng qua Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam. Den nay, da cd 37 du an dugc thu le phi ban/chuyen CERs vdi sd tien han 13 ty ddng.
Dii da cd nhieu tac ddng tich cue den hoat ddng bao ve mdi trudng, nhung thuc sir boat ddng ciia Quy van chua dat hieu qua cao, Viec xac dinh doi tugng dugc nhan hd trg tir Quy tai cac dia phuang tren deu "rpng rai" gidng nhau. Dd la mpi td chirc, ca nhan cd boat dpng bao ve mdi trudng nhu dau tu xii ly nude thai, tai che chat thai, khac phuc d nhiem deu cd the dugc vay tien tir Quy. Cac Quy deu xac dinh uu dai la hinh thiic quan trong nhat, vdi lai suat tdi da d mirc "khdng qua 50% lai suat thucmg mai"
(Binh Ducmg, Ddng Nai), hoac "khdng thap hem 1/3 lai suat thucmg mai" (Ha Ngi), vdi qui md khdng qua 70%i gia tri du an, trong khoang thdi gian tir 3 nam (Ha Ndi), tdi 5 nSm (Binh Duang), tham chi ta 7 nam (Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh). Cac Quy ciing xac dinh se "tai trg khdng hoan lai" cho cac du an, nhung khdng noi rd ddi tugng cy the va qui md cho vay, ngoai trir Ha Ndi khang djnh "khdng qua 50%
gia tri du an".
Sd dl eon ton tai nhilu han che trong qua trinh boat ddng ciia Quy, vi Luat Bao ve mdi trudng 2005 da cd quy dinh ve viec thanh lap Quy Bao ve mdi trudng dia phuang vdi muc dich la nai ky Quy cai thien, phye hdi mdi trudng trong boat dpng khai thac khoang san: tuy nhien tir dd den nay van chua cd mdt thdng tu hudng dan nao ve viec trien khai quy dinh nay, nen cac dja phuang dang rat liing tiing, mdi nai lam mgt kieu, thieu thdng nhat ve md hinh td chirc.
Do chua cd van ban hudng din tir Trung uang den cac dja phucmg, nen qua trinh boat dpng ciia Quy dia phuang chii yeu dua vao cac van ban quy dinh to chirc, boat dgng do UBND tinh ban hanh va mgt so van ban lien quan den boat ddng cua Quy nam rai rac trong cac v an ban phap ly ciia Nhii nude. Vi the.
ciia cac Quy dia phuang boat ddng khdng tap trung, thieu thdng nhat. hieu qua chua cao.
Ngoai ra, che do quan ly tai chinh ciia cac Quy dia phuang ciing chua cd van ban hudng dan thdng nhat. \ i vay, che do tien luang, tien cdng cho ngudi
So 6-Thang 4/2020 91
Bleu aS 2: Ket qua tang truing tin dung cua Quy Bao ve moi true -g Viet NanJ 3000000.0 •^
2500000.0 ^ oJOOOOOO.0 - ^ c
'qsooooo.o ^ fioooooo.o ^
500000.0 ^
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^* ^'^ ^* / # ^* ^^^^^^- ^^ ^^ .^^ / / / /
• Cho vay • Giai ngan • Thu goc
lao ddng, can bd ciia Quy chua dugc ap dung thdng nhat; cd dja phuang ap dung theo loai hinh don vi su nghiep cdng lap, cd dia phuang ap dung nhu Cdng ty TNHH mgt thanh vien. Nhiing ban che nay khien cho boat dpng cua Quy Bao ve mdi trucmg gap nhieu trd ngai nhu: quyen lgi va che dp cua ngudi lao ddng trong Quy khdng dugc dam bao dn dinh; Quy khdng dugc hudng che dp mien thue thu nhap tir cac boat dpng cd thu do thuc hien nhiem vy tai chinh nhu cac dcm vi tai chinh Nha nude khae, trong do cd Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam...
4. Giai phap nang cao hieu qua kinh t l va moi trirtmg ciia Quy Bao ve mdi trirdng Viet Nam
De khac phuc nhiing han che tren, nham nang cao hieu qua kinh te va mdi trucmg eua Quy Bao ve mdi trudng Viet Nam, theo tac gia, can tap trung giai quyet ngay mdt sd viec nhu sau:
Mpt Id, can bd sung cac quy dinh ve viec ban hanh danh muc cac ddi tugng du an dugc vay uu dai quy dinh tai khoan 1, Dieu 38 va khoan 1, Phu lye III ban hanh kem theo Nghi dinh so 19/2015/
ND-CP cho phii hgp vdi tinh hinh thuc te tai cac dia phuang. Can siia ddi, bd sung; Ca che ve hoan tra tiln lai ky Quy cai tao phuc hdi mdi trudng ddi vdi boat ddng khai thae khoang san theo miic lai suat tiln giii khdng ky ban; Cac quy dinh ve viec ky Quy nhap khSu phi lieu tai cac Quy Bao ve moi trudng dja phucmg; Cae quy djnh hudng dSn viec xac djnh, tinh toan hIn ky Quy cho sat vdi thuc te ban de khi xay ra tinh h^ng eac td chiic, ca nhan khdng cd kha nang phuc hdi dugc mdi trudng sau hoat dgng thi cd
the sii dung sd tien nay de thuc hien.
Hai Id, ban hanh he thong van ban phap ly nham thdng nhat md hinh, td chiic hoat ddng, ca che tai chinh cua Quy Bao ve moi trucmg hr Trung uong din dja phucmg. Bd sung them cac quy djnh hudng din ve thai diem va each xac dinh, tinh toan tiln lai ky quy eai tao, phyc hdi moi trucmg dli vdi boat ddng khai thac khoang san de cac Quy ap dung dugc thuan tien va chinh xac.
Ba Id. can ban hanh co che tai chinh thdng nhit cho Quy Bao ve mdi trudng cac dia phuang, thdng nhat cac khoan nghTa vy phai nop \a khdng phai nop ngan sach nha nude, Uanh tinh trang thuc hien khdng thdng nhat giiia cac dia phuong nhu hien nay.
5. Kit luan
Quy Bao ve mdi trudng trong thdi gian qua da hd thanh mgt cong cy quan trong cua Nha nude ta h-ong boat ddng bao ve moi trudng khi d5 giai ngan dugc nhieu du an moi trudng, gop pMn hieu qua h-ong edng tac bao ve mdi trudng tai Viet Nam Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh trien khai thdi gian qua vin cdn nhieu bat cap, b^n che trong he thing van ban phap luat quy dmh ve hoat ddng cua Quy ciing nhu cac ban che trong cdng tac tl chirc, triln kha! aiai ngan cho cac du an. nen hieu qua hoat ddng ciia Onv chua thuc su dat dugc nhu mong rauln. Chinh v\
vay, thong qua bai yiet nay, ,ac gia dua ra mdt sd kien nghi cua ca nhan dua tren phan tich .linK boat ddng cua Quy trong thdi g,'„ \ T £ ^ ^ "
dich nang cao hieu qua boat dpng cua C)u\
gian tdi* myc
> trong thai
92 So 6 - Thang 4/2020
KINH I E
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Quoc hpi Nunc Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghTa Viet Nam (2014), Lual .,6 55/2014/QH13, Lugl Bdo ve mdi tru&ng
1. PGS.TS. NguySn ThS Chinh (2015), Gido trinh Kmh li vd qudn ly mdi truang, Nha xuSt ban Thdng Ice, Ha Noi.
3. Paul A Samuelson, William D. Nordhaus. (1996), Kinh tk hoc, tap 1. Nha xuit ban Chinh tri qu6c gia. Ha Noi.
4. Chinh phu Nuoc Cjng hoa xa hoi chii nghia Viet Nam (2015), Nghi dinh sd 19/2015/ND-CP, Quy dinh chi tlil Ihl hanh mgl sd dieu c iia Ludt Bdo ve mdi trudng 2014.
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Ngay nhan bai: 9/3/2010
Ngay phan bien dinh gia va su-a chira: 19/3/2020 Ngay chdp nhan dang bai: 29/3/2020
Thong tin tdc gid:
THS. NGUYEN VAN LUAN
Khoa Phap luat Kinh t^ - Dai h9c Luat Ha Noi
THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY OF VIETNAM'S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FUND
• Master. NGUYEN VAN LUAN Faculty of Economic Low, Hanoi Law University
ABSTIJACT:
The environmental protection ftind is an important tool of govenunents in protecting environment. This article is to deeply analyse and assess the economic and environmental efficiency of Vietnam's environmental protection fund over the past time, thereby proposing solutions to the operational efficiency of the fund in the coming time.
Keywords: Environmental protection fund, economic efficiency, environmental efficiency.
So 6 - Thang 4/2020 93
