JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE
Social Sci., 2011, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 33-38
T H d VIET CHO THIEU NHI CUA D U O N G T H U A N - KHUC CA CAO N G U Y E N
La Thi Bac Ly
Trudng Dai hpc Su pham Hd Ndi
1. M d d a u
Vdn hpc thiiu nhi Vift Nam ki tfl thdi ki Ddi mdi (1986) dd phdt triin phong phu. da dang vl dl tdi, thi loai vd thflc sfl da cd nhflng kit tinh nghf thudt, nhflng thdnh tflu ddng ghi nhdn. Mang dl tdi viit vl miln nui, niu trUdc kia ft dUdc quan tdm vd mdi chi xuit hign nhflng tdc phdm rai rdc, chu ylu Id truyfn vilt vl miln nui khdng chiin, vf du Hai ldng Td phinh vk Dong Hia cua Bic Thdn; Kim Ddng, VU A Dinh cua Td Hodi.. thi tdi giai doan nay dd dupc quan tdm vdi sir xuit hifn cua hdng loat tdc phim viit vi mpi linh vuc khdc nhau cua cupc sdng nhu: Chu be thdi khen cua Qudch Ligu, Mdt ldp trudng khdc thudng cua Ludng Td Nga, Truyin thuyit trong mdy cua Ddo Hflu Phudng, Ki vat cuoi cUng cua Hd Ldm Ki, Chdn trdi md rdng cua Dodn Lu, Dudng vi vdi Me Chu cua Vi Hdng, Doi soi hu, cua Nguyin Quynh..., vd ddc bigt Id Dudng Thuin - mpt minh chiim llnh mpt sdn thd. Ndm 1992, anh trinh ldng tap thd Cudi ngUa di sdn dupc tdng giai A Giai thudng Vdn hpc thiiu nhi cua Hpi Nhd vdn Vift Nam. Tfl biy din nay, Dudng Thuin vdn cin min ldm gidu thgm, dep thgm nhflng sdng tdc cua minh. Thflc ra, mang thd viit cho thiiu nhi chi Id mpt phin trong su nghifp khd d6 sp cua anh hdn hai mUdi ndm qua. Nhung du viit cho ngudi ldn hay viit cho tre em, thi thd anh vdn Id nhflng trdn trd, nhflng khuc ca rao rue mg say vl qug hUdng.
2. Noi d u n g nghien cufu
1 Sinh ra vd ldn len d xfl Tdy Bic Kan, ygu hdn nhign vd dim dudi tfl khung canh thign nhign din cupc sdng gian di, ddn sd cua con ngfldi vung cao, Dudng Thuin gidi thifu vl qug minh mpt cdch diy tfl hdo:
Co sdng Ndng men quanh nui biic Co hd Da Be nudc chdy nguac ra sdng
Co bdn Hon nhd sdn bon mdi dep nhu tranh.
La Thi Bic Ly
Dd cdn Id cd cdy hoa trdi mudn sic mdu, Id tiing sudi reo. Id hdn sdi thin ki, Id tiing hd sdn bin. Id mpt ldn khdi sdm vdi miii thit nudng. Id nhflng phong tuc tdp qudn, nhflng huyin thoai ldm mg dim ldng ngudi. Trong nhflng vin thd viit cho ngfldi ldn, Dfldng Thuan cung khdng ft lin hdn nhignthdt len:
ICia thdo nguyen d^p Id thi Em ai, sao em cfiUa ra xem di Hoa dpi nd khdp triin ddi thdm do
Ngifa ngdi niia yen cdn mpt nita chd em..
Thd Diidng Thuin da dflng nen mpt khdng gian rdng ldn, vfla hiing vl vfla ldng man; vfla xa xdi lai vfla rit doi gin gui, thdn thudng va quyin ru. Dd chfnh la ngudn cam hflng vd tdn trong thd anh. Anh gidi thieu vi que minh bing mpt thfl ngdn ngfl thdt gian di, nhflng dd lai chfnh la Khuc ca ngdn mai trong long ngudi:
Que minh
Ndm gdi hoa lau Ddp chdn bdng ga,o
Qud diing chd ngUdi hdi.
0 vung que iy, con ngudi dupc sdng hdn nhign, vd tu trong su bao bpc, v5 vl ciia thidn nhign, trong cdi dep vd bien cua trdi dit. Ngudi vd canh, canh va ngudi giao hda, quin quyt vdi nhau trong mpt tinh ygu bit tan:
Nai do chi co mdy vd sudi Ngudi ngu ciing mat trdng (Mach vdi tre con) Day bay
Ddu ddu cdng thdy
Sdm xudn tha ho chai bat suang (Bit suong) Ngudi di trong mdy gio Trdng xuong chai tren co Sao trdy vi bdn sdu
(Cao Bing) Len Md Pi Leng
Ban se nhin thdy Trdng rdt gdn thdi Mpt hdn tay vdy Dung tdi trdng rdi (Trdng Ma Pf Leng)
Cam hflng bao trum trong nhflng vin thd anh viit cho con tre la nilm tu hdo
Tha viit cho thiiu nhi cua Duang Thudn Khuc ca cao nguyen
ygu dd trong khdt vpng dupe gidi bdy, dupc mong mudn gidi thieu qug hUdng vdi bg ban, trong ldi mdi mpc chdn tinh ma quyin ru:
Bdn Chd Hoa dang chd Tre con ai den chai
Dudng len la di mdy vi gio (Mdch vdi tre con) Ddy nhu la huyin thoai Ddy nhu Id trong ma Ddy que huang cd tich Ban len Bdn Hon nhe Hoa ma trdng dang chd
(Hoa md)
Miln sdn cudc iy khdng chi h i p d i n bdi ve dep hdn nhign, n.ic rd md cdn h i p d i n bdi nhflng san vdt dia phudng la vd qny nhu: Nhdt, Hat de, Gdm, Xd, Bd khai, Nuc ndc, Cdy sui, Chuoi rUng, qua ngda, qua vdi, qua mdc mat, qua m i t chdi.
Dudng nhu timg gdc nui. mdm dd, tflng con sudi, ldi di d i u t h i m hdn tdc gia, dm dp tdm trang. T i t ca d i u todt Ign ve dep kin ddo vd t h u i n khiit. Dudng T h u i n dd lam sdng day ca mdt nin van hda Tdy cimg b l ddy lich sfl bdng nhflng cdu chuyfn cd tfch, nhflng huyin thoai vdi t i t ca sfl sinh dpng, hifn hflu, vfla chdn thflc, vfla gdi cam khi Xudn din, Vdo he, Thdng ba, Thdng bdy v . v . . . vdi vi Nip nuang viia deo vita ngon cua mdn Xdi ddi hdi; vdi nhflng Tiing md, Tiing khen, Tiing luan, Ldi ru; nhflng trd chdi truyin thdng nhu Tung cdn, Ddnh yin, Chai quay; nhiing cudc Cudi ngua di san, Dudi qua, Bat trdn v.v. vd ddc bift la vdn hda tfn ngudng cua ngudi Tdy nhu Tin ngudng me Hoa, Li bdn thdng, Cha phiSn, LS hdi ldng tong v.v...
Qua thdt:
Ai chua len Cao Bang Chua the biit duac ddu.
(Cao Bing)
2. Tfl ban Hon nhd be md ngn thd, Dfldng T h u i n dd din vdi nhilu miln qug khdc d i sdng vd trai nghifm, d i hiiu thgm vl ngudn cdi vdi nhflng phong tuc tdp qudn, nhflng thao nguygn nic rd n i n g vd hoa, nhflng con ngudi nhde ldn vdi thidn nhign... Nhin vl, qug hUdng xa md trong ndi nhd, nhung cd le cung chfnh vi t h i md ki nifm dudng nhu lai cdng rd hdn:
La Thj Bic L;^
Nhiing em, bd xii mdy Toe ndu
Da tham miii c6 Chpy dudi theo trdng Trdng cha,y xuong nUdc Cd la diing cUdi ha hd
Nhiing bd mp dem gQ,o ra gid Hoi nhau gp,o dd gid may gidng Nhiing bd m? thi di gidy vdi Cdc em chpy bdng gdt chdn trdn Cdc em vdn dudi trdng tren thdm co.
(Nhflng em bg xfl may)
Miy chuc ndm xa qud hfldng, cung la ngin ay ndm nung niu ndi nhd que nha, Thi thoang, cd dip trd vl thdm qug, nhflng cam xuc tham thdm lai ua ve:
Di ldu ldu
Vi muon nhin ldu ldu
Cdi cdu thang co ddu chdn cua me (Vl ban)
Cdi ciu thang binh di, thdn quen md cd sflc gdi that ldn bdi nd "cd diu chdn cua me", nd gin liln vdi nhflng ki nigm i u thd, nd nudi dudng hdn thd anh mdi ngay, di tfl dd, Dfldng Thuin cin min gui tflng vign da soi xdy Ign tda ldu dai thd cua minh. Tuyin tap Duang Thudn, (3 tap rigng tap 3 ddnh cho thieu nhi), xuit ban song ngfl Tdy Kinh (Nhd xuit ban Hpi Nhd vdn, 2010) ddnh diu mpt chdng dfldng sdng tdc cfla anh. Khdng phai Dfldng Thuin ti.r dich tho cua minh md la anh sdng tdc - sang tdc bing ca hai ngdn ngfl tiing me de ciia anh: tiing me de thfl nhit tiing Tdy, vd tiing me de thfl hai tiing Kinh. Anh tam sir: "Tdi ldm thd bing ca hai thfl tiing: Tdy va Kinh. Khi viit bdng tiing Tdy, tdi khdng nghi la chi viit cho ngfldi Tdy dpc, hodc khi viit bdng tiing Kinh, tdi cung khdng nghi chi viit cho ngudi Kinh dpc". Mong mudn cua anh la gidi thifu dupc that nhiiu hinh anh cua qug hUdng vd vdn hda ddn tpc tdi mpi ngudi. .\nh vdn dang tiip tuc cupc hanh trinh vdi diy khdt vpng, dam mg vd nilm tin, nhfl anh tLfng bpc Id:
Thud be tdi cii tin
Se cd ngdy nui mpc them mpt ngpn Se CO ngdy chim phuang la,i bay vi
Tdi yeu chin muai chin ngpn nui Am thdm tdi dai mdt ngdy kia.
3. Vdi mong mudn gidi thifu dUdc that nhilu hinh anh cua qud hudng vd vdn
Tha vi€t cho thiiu nhi cua Duang Thudn - Khiic ca cao nguygn
lieu riBng biet cua viing que vdn hda Tdy di lam ngn mpt thi gidi nghe thudt sinh dpng va ddc ddo.
Nhflng hinh tupng nghf thudt trong thd anh, tfl hinh tflpng con ngudi din hinh tupng thidn nhign diu mang nhflng ngt diin hinh cua vimg Tdy Bic Kan. Dd la: Nhflng bd me xfl Mdy. NhQng em bd xfl May, nhflng chdng trai, cd gdi xfl Mdy;
Id cupc sdng vung sdn cudc gian di md huyin bf:
Cd ldn hi bui rai vdo mdt Bd lai bdo dem choi ldm gii Luc ngu say choi se quet by,i di
(Chdi rdm thin ki) Di dudng chdn moi
Dem soi len nghe Thi chdn se khoe (Hdn sdi thin ki)...
Dd Id ddng sdng, ngpn nui, thao nguydn bdn mua hoang sd, ki do; Id ban ldng quanh nam thdm mui nip nudng, bip bdi; Id ngit ngdy tilng cudi vd men rupu trong nhiing Cha phien, nhflng Li hdi Long long, nhflng rim Thdng bdy, nhflng tit Trung thu... say ngudi, say canh...
Cudi ngua Dap mdy Bay
Tdn sao rai nhu l^a.
Dudng Thuin tdm su, lin diu tign dupc giao luu vdn hda d Washington, anh dd dpc nhflng bdi thd bing tiing Tdy vd hdt then bang tiing Tdy. Khi dpc xong, anh vd ciing cam kfch vi nhdn thiy su tan thudng thfch thu cua mpi ngudi. Vdy Id, tfl ban Hon be nhd, anh da hda nhdp vdo thi gidi. Ngdn ngfl Tdy, vdn hda Tdy cua anh da tdi dupe nhflng miln dit xa xPi nhit, vdn minh vd hifn dai nhit trgn hdnh tinh. Dd cung chfnh Id mpt dpng Iflc di anh trdn trpng vd mdi gin gifl chit lifu trong sdng tdc ciia minh. Ngdn ngfl Tdy, ngdn ngfl Kinh hda nhdp trong tfl duy duy cam md diy triit li sdu xa cua Dfldng Thuin. Anh khai thdc nhilu md tip dan gian quen thupc vd lam mdi nhflng huyin thoai dd bing chfnh cdi nhin vfla ldng man, bay bdng lai vfla hifn thi.rc, sic sao cua minh jSu tich hd Ba Be, Cdc thang trdi. Hat thdc, Cdi kiing, Anh em chupt, Chim cu vd meo. ) , bdi hdn ai hit, Dudng Thuin rit hiiu vung qug cua minh:
Ddt khdng cho bac Trdi khdng cho cua
Phdi rai gipt mo hdi mdi co dn.
La Thj Bic Ly
3. Kit luan
Thd viet cho thiiu nhi cua DUdng Thuan - Khuc ca cao nguygn dd ngdn Ign hdn hai chuc ndm qua va vin dang cdn tiip tuc ngan vang, ngdn xa, ldm dep cho vdn hpc thiiu nhi, vdn hpc nUdc nhd.
TAI LIEU T H A M KHAO
[1] Nguyin Khoa Diim, 2010. Dpc Dudng Thudn, Ldi gidi thipu Tuyin tap Duang Thudn (tap 3), Nxb Hpi Nha vdn.
[2] Van Long, 2010. Thay ldi tua, Ldi gidi thi$u Tuyen tpp Duang Thudn (tap 2), Nxb Hpi Nhd vdn.
[31 Chu \'dn Sdn, 2010. Khu vudn thiiu nhi cua chu Duang Thudn, Ldi gidi thieu Tuyen tap Duang Thudn (tap 3), Nxb Hpi Nhd vdn.
[4] Dudng Thuin, 2010. Tuyin tpp Duang Thudn (3 tap), Nxb Hpi Nhd vdn.
A B S T R A C T
Poetry writing for children of Duong Thuan - Highland songs Duong Thuan is typical poetry from Vietnam Children s literature written on the theme of the Highlands. Inspired coverage of his poems is dearh' loved by all in the mountains of Bic Kan. Tho Dudng Thuin's poems ha^•e created a large space of romance, pride and grandeur; distant and close: loving and charming. It is the color- ful trees, flowing streams, the magical pebbles, chants of hunting, smoke filling the air with the odour of barbecues local products are incredible and precious with the style customs, legends of infatuated and innocent hearts, impartial in the wrapper, comfort and beauty of nature's infinite sky. Duong Thuin created an exhibition of the culture of Tay and a long history with vivid, visible passionate honest}-.
