VAN HOA NOHI^ THUAT TROMC MU^C
VAN HOA THANG LONG - HA NOI
Le hoi d Ha Noi
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1. Manh dat thien thdi, dia lgi, nhan hoa Ngay ttr khi ddi dd ve Thang Long, Ly Cdng Uan da cho day la noi rdng eudn hd ngdi, cd thd ldn bdc xud'ng nam mdt each dd dang. Cdng vd sau nay, thyc td' ay da cho tha'y tdm nhin diing ddn ciia vi vua khai qud'c nha Ly. Trudc hdt. Ha Ndi la trung tdm ciia toan bd midn Bdc nudc ta, ttr day di dd'n td't ca cdc mien trong vting nay deu thudn tidn, nhanh chdng va cd dp ddi khdng qua each xa nhau, cdn nd'u tfnh di ra xung quanh dd'n cae vting trung du va ddng bdng thi dp dai kha deu. Nhu vay, ttr day neu can tda ra cac vting xung quanh se
rat nhanh chdng va thuan lai vd mat kinh te' va quan sy. Lieh sir da eho thd'y khdng ft cac trieu dai phong kie'n khi gap chid'n tranh da mau chdng rtit khdi kinh thanh vd cac vting phy can de dn nap, chd thdi CO la quay lai lay
thanh, dac bidt la trong cudc khdng chid'n chd'ng qudn Nguyen - Mdng thdi Trdn. Mat khac, trong vide lam an kinh te thi lai thudn lpi rat nhieu cho vide giao thuong. Hang hda ttr cac noi ve kinh thanh mdt each nhanh chdng, va ttr kinh dd tda di lai rat thudn tidn. Thdm chf Thang Long nhu la mdt noi trung chuydn hang hda, san vat ttr bdc xud'ng nam, ttr ddng sang tdy va ngupc lai. VI vay, noi ddy lai la noi tap trung td't ca cac cita ngon vat la ttr mpi mien dd't nudc, rdi ttr ddy nhiing hang hda ciia kinh dd cung Iai tda di khdp bd'n phuang. Cung vdi nhiing thii dd
Lau nay, l i hoi d Ha Npi fla flirac kM tliac nliieu it viec suu tarn, mo ta, ma chua nhieu nghien cuu sau.
Tren co sd cua so luong \h hgi hien nay cua Ha Npi md rpng, bai viet thLl nhin nhan oi gdc nhin tong the ve cac Id hdi d Ha Ndi.
la con ngudi, la nhiing nghd nhdn tha thii cdng, nhiJng trf thiic cd tai, nhiing ngudi kinh doanh budn ban... hdi ty ve ddy cang lam cho kinh thanh ngay mdt tap nap va phdn hoa dd hdi. Vdi vi trf eiia minh. Ha Ndi la nai thu hut nhan tai vat lyc ttr khdp bd'n phuang, dieu dd da, dang vd se mai mai la nhu vdy. Cdu ndi cua ngudi xua,
"ty nhdn nhu tu thiiy" rd't diing vdi Ha Ndi. Hon thd' nira, nhirng ngudi tu hpp ve day ciing phai la nhimg ngudi "nhu thd' nao dd" mdi ve dupc.
Bdi vi, nhu ta bidt, ngudi ddn qud xua khdng may khi dam bd lang hay dut lang ma di dupc.
Mdt mat do tinh cam, do phong tue tap quan nfu giir, mat khac biit khdi lang di lam an, sinh sd'ng ddc lap d nai khac, nhd't la chdn thi thanh, phai la ngudi "cd gan" mdi dam lam ngoai cai gan ay phai cd mdt kha nang nhd't dinh nao dd mdi ed the tdn tai duoc. Vl vay, nd'u khdng cd tai lam an, budn ban, thi ft nhat cung phai la ngudi cd nghe nghiep hoac hpc hanh. Giira chdn phdn hoa dd hdi nay, mud'n tdn tai duac phai vuan len, canh tranh duac vdi nhirng ngudi khac. Vi the', nhirng ngudi try lai duac noi day d gdc dd nao dd, la nhu'ng tinh hoa ttr cae vting khac nhau tu hdi ve.
Chi'nh sy canh tranh ay tao ra nhiing tinh tuy cua cdc nghe, cac dac san, cac thu an choi, cac loai hdng hda hay nghd thuat ciia dat kinh ky khac vd hon nhiing nai khdc. Dieu dd lam Ha Ndi phong phii hon, da dang, sang trpng vd
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r|Sd310 f i Thang 4-2010VAN HOA F)[ fOj^jfljDAL sanh didu hon trong hau het mpi Iinh vyc ciia
cudc sd'ng so vdi nhung vting dat khac. Dd la ehua ke sy hdi nhap, giao lim giira nd vd cdc vting khac nhau de tao ndn nhiing net tinh tiiy ridng ciia dat kinh ky.
Vd mat khi hau, thdi tie't. Ha Ndi eung hdi du nhung dieu kien uu vidt. Trong toan vimg Bdc Bd, Ha Ndi cd thd duoc eoi la dien hinh vdi bd'n miia rd ret xudn, ha, thu, ddng. Chfnh dieu dd tao ndn net van hda hd't stre sinh ddng d day vdi nhiing mtia thu huong ed'm mdi. Chi cd ngdi tai Ha Ndi vao thdi diem cudi thu dau ddng, trong tie't trdi diu mdt, hoi lanh lanh vao budi sang ma nham nhap nhii:ng hat ed'm it trong la sen ldn trong vi ngpt ciia chudi tidu mdi cam nhan hd't eai ngon ciia nd. Tuong ty nhu vay, chi trong cdi se lanh dau ddng Ha Ndi mdi tha'y hd't sy ndng nan ciia mtii hoa sua lam nao ldng nhirng ke da timg sd'ng noi day nay phai xa each Ha Npi. Hoac phai sd'ng trong cdi ret mtta ddng td tdi ciia nhiing lan gid mtia ddng bdc mdi thay thuang nhd, mdi thd'y hd't cdi mui tuyet vdi ciia ngd nudng hay khoai lang nudng trong ddm ddng va cai ngon ciia bat phd ndng hay bdnh cudn ndng Ha thanh ma Vu Bdng ludn khdc khoai trong Thuang nhd mudi hai.
Nhirng nam gan ddy, khi khf hau vd thdi tid't da thay ddi nhieu theo hudng tidu eye ma gdp phan nhidu trong sy thay ddi ay chfnh Id con ngudi; khi ma lu cud'n, sut Id dd't dai d Tuydn Quang, Ha Giang, Yen Bdi, Son La...; khi Lao Cai, Lai Chdu va cac vting nui phia Bdc ret dam, ret hai ldm bao nhidu gia sue vat nudi va ca sinh mang eon ngudi hi ehd't; rdi mua to lu cud'n d Nghd An, Thanh Hda, Ha Tinh, tham chf mdt noi nhu Quang Ninh, Bdc Giang ft khi bi nhirng trdn lyt ldi, lu cud'n kinh hoang, con bao sd 6 thang 9-2008 cudp di bao nhidu sinh mang va eiia cai... thi Ha Ndi vdn d mirc mua du, ret vira. Didu dd cdng chung minh cho vi trf ly tudng eita manh dd't kinh thanh ddc dia nay.
Cac sd lieu do dae va thd'ng kd cho thay. Ha Npi la noi cd luang mua vira phai, ndng ndng khdng gay gdt, keo dai, khdng ret dam, ret hai nhu mdt sd vting khae trong khu vyc, bao lyt khdng nhieu va khdng thudng xuydn. Didu dd giiip eho noi day cd mdt cudc sd'ng kha dn dinh
va ben virng tao didu kien phat trien tdt vd mpi mat. Sau cac trieu dai phong kid'n, dd'n lucn ngudi Phdp khi chid'm Viet Nam lam thudc dia cung da chpn Ha Ndi la thii phii ciia ca nudc, hon thd'nira cdn la trung tam ciia toan cdi Ddng Duong, dieu nay cho thd'y hp cung da nghien ciiu tim hieu ky vting dd't nay. Bdng tat ca nhirng uu the nhu vay ma ttr lau ddi nay. Ha Ndi da trd thanh mdt trung tdm van hda ciia ca nude vdi rat nhidu cac gia tri van hda khac nhau, ma Id hdi la mdt trong nhirng hidn tuong dac sde nhdt.
2. Noi tap trung ciia kho tang le hpi Cho dd'n nay, qua edng tdc khdo sat thuc td', ed the ndi rdng cting vdi mdt sd tinh Bdc Bd nhu Phti Thp, Bdc Ninh..., thi Ha Ndi la mdt noi tap trung day dac cac hdi he dan gian. Cting vdi khu vyc mdi nhap, thi chi ridng Ha Tay (eii) va Ha Ndi con sd Id hdi dan gian theo thdng kd chfnh thirc mdi nhd't eiia Cyc Van hda co sd (Bd Van hda. The thao va Du lich) nam 2008 da Id 1070 Id hdi (Ha Ndi 535 + Ha Tay (cu) 535 trdn tdng so 543 Id hdi cua Ha Ndi va 552 Id hdi ciia Ha Tay), dd la ehua kd mdt so Id hdi ciia huyen Md Linh, tinh VTnh Phuc cting mdi chuyen ve.
Nhu vay, cd the khdng dinh, day la vting Id hdi dam dac vd phong phii nhat ciia ca nudc, ma khdng noi nao cd duoc. Ha Ndi bay gid ed gan trpn ven mdt xir Doai, cd sy tham gia ciia xu:
Bdc va xii Ddng cting mdt phdn ciia Son Nam thupng... Kinh thdnh chiia dyng trong nd nhiing gia tri van hda quy gia ciia tii tran trong cai ndi ciia ddng bdng Bdc Bd.
Vdi vide md rdng dia vyc nhu hidn nay, cd the khdng dinh mdt dieu chdc chdn khdng cd mdt tinh, thdnh ndo trong cd nudc cd mat dp va sd lupng Id hdi nhieu nhu Ha Ndi. Sy phong phti ciia cdc Id hdi d'y cung khdng cd noi nao dich ndi. Sy hdi tu hidn nay, ben canh nhirng Id hdi eung dinh ma chi mdt vdi noi ed duoc, thl sy gdp mat cua van hda xu Ddng, xtf Bdc va xir Nam ddu cd nhiing net dae sde nhat eiia minh.
Hon thd' nira Ha Ndi Id noi dang cai td chire.
thay mat nhan dan ca nudc nen nhirng Id hdi nhu vay khdng noi ndo cd dupc cai may mdn ay. Day la mdt uu the to ldn eiia Ha Ndi trong tuong lai.
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VAN HOA NOHI^ THUAT TROMC UV6lt
3. Ll hoi cung dinh
Ddy la mang that hid'm cd ciia Ha Ndi, ma trtr Hue' khdng ddu cd duac dd la cac Id hdi cung dinh. Song nd'u nhu Hue ehi la thii dd ciia mdt vuong tridu (trieu Nguydn), thi Ha Ndi la thil dd eiia rat nhieu trieu dai khae nhau. Do dd, nd cung chiia dyng nhidu net van hda, trong dd cd Id hdi, khac nhau, chang han nhu hdi the thang tu d den Ddng Co la mdt thi dy. Mat khdc, nd'u nhu Id hdi cung dinh Hud' da duac chuydn nghiep hda khd cao vl trieu dinh Nguydn la tridu dinh phong kid'n cud'i cting ciia Viet Nam vdo giai doan mudn, thi cac Id hdi cung dinh d Thang Long - Ha Ndi xua cdn mang nhieu chat dan gian trong ca cac nghi Id va cae trd chai xung quanh nd. Ddn gian va cung dinh trong Id hdi cung dinh ciia Ha Ndi dan xen, hda quyen vao nhau, bd sung cho nhau cting phdt trien. Cung dinh lay cae nghi thtre, tin ngudng va trd choi ddn gian vao Id hdi ciia minh, qua ban tay ciia nhiing trf thirc, ciia cdc quy tdc ndng cao nd, sang trpng nd bid'n thanh nhung nghi thirc, trd choi cua minh rdi dem ra thyc hidn, phd bid'n trong kinh thanh. Ddn gian, nguac lai, lay ra hpc tap, lam khudn mdu cho minh va cii nhu vay dan gian va cung dinh hda
quydn vao nhau cting phat trien. Vi vay, nd'u khdi phuc duac nhiing Id hdi cung dinh xua nhu hdi den Quang Chidu, hdi dua thuyen trdn sdng Hdng... chdc chdn se la nhiing Id hdi cd gia tri, gdp phdn khdng nhd vdo ddi sd'ng ciia ngudi dan Ha Ndi ngay nay. Festival Hue' nam 2008 da dyng lai cudc rude vua ra td' Nam Giao vdi mdt quy md hoanh trdng nhu nd vd'n cd trong thdi Nguydn, Idn dau tidn phue dyng nhung da ed nhirng phan hdi tich cue va duoc ddng dao nhdn ddn chidm ngudng, dd cung la ly do de Ha Ndi cd the phyc hdi lai nhiing Id hdi ddc ddo va thii vi ciia minh nhu cac Id hdi cung dinh hdi the thang tu, hdi den Quang Chidu, Id sinh nhdt nha vua, hdi dua thuyen, mtia rdi trdn sdng Hdng... la nhiing hdi da mdt thdi nao nirc ca Thang Long. Hidn tai Ha Ndi dang tid'n hanh tim hieu nghien ctru de phue dung lai hpi den Quang Chie'u, mdt vide lam dang khfch Id. Dti trude ddy nhiing Id hdi dd la hdi eua cac tdng ldp trdn, vua chiia va quan lai, song vdn khdng thidu sy ddng gdp ciia nhihig ngudi dan binh thudng, va lai cung la dip giai trf ciia nhdn ddn kinh thanh. Do dd phyc dyng lai chiing trong hoan canh hidn nay la mdt vide lam vira giir dupc truyen thd'ng, ddng thdi vira giir duac
vat trong tioi Trung Ha, Oan Phuong - Anti Tudn Mlnti So 310
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VAN HOA eLTOMQi^AL
nhiing gia tri van hda va lich sir eiia cha dng. Nd dac bidt cd y nghla trong dip ky niem thii dd mdt ngdn nam tudi. Dac biet, vdi dieu kien kinh phi, khdng gian va nhat la nhirng ky thuat, cdng nghd va ky xao hidn dai, ehung ta cd the phuc dyng nhiing le hdi cung dinh xua mdt each hoan hao. Chdng han nhu vide phuc dyng lai hdi den Quang Chid'u ma Ha Ndi dang chudn hi, vdi ky thudt va dieu kien hien nay, chid'c den Quang Chid'u ed the dupe dyng lai mdt each hoan chinh vtra bao dam tfnh truydn thd'ng, vira the hidn tfnh hidn dai cita nd, chdc chdn se la mdt sam phdm van hda hap ddn. Ban tay tai hoa ciia ngudi Ha Ndi se cd dip the hidn qua tac pham nay. Tuong ty nhu vay cac Id hdi cung dinh khac bdy gid da dd'n lue ed the khdi phuc lai dupc td't ea. Dieu nay se gdp phdn vdo kho tang van hda cua Ha Ndi thdm phong phu va da dang, nhdm ddp iing nhu cdu du lich ngay mdt tang eao d thit dd. Cting vdi vide phat hidn va xay dyng cdc khu di tfch Hoang thdnh, nhat la khi nd dupe the' gidi edng nhan la di san van hda nhan loai, thi vide phyc hdi nhirng Id hdi cung dinh xung quanh nd lai cdng cd gid tri vd cang cdn thidt. Dd'n ddy, du khach khdng chi thay cac eung didn nguy nga, trang Id xua, ma cdn duoc chidm ngudng nhirng sinh hoat van hda vuang trieu xua lidn quan dd'n nhung cung didn d'y. Gia tri ciia cac di tfch se cang dupe tang ldn gap bdi.
Lidn quan dd'n Id hdi cung dinh phai ke dd'n cae Id hdi ciia Thang Long tii tra'n. Cd le, phai la mdt kinh dd ldu ddi nhu vay mdi sinh ra nhimg Id hdi nhu vay. Ttr chd la cac trd'n canh gio, yem traeh vi sy binh an ciia kinh thdnh d bd'n gdc, liic dau chi thudn tiiy la y nghia bao vd thdng thudng ve mat an ninh, trdt ty; Sau dd la a y nghla tdm linh tran yem chd'ng lai cdc ydu quai, ta ma vdi cdc ddn mieu va cac nghi Id theo phong tyc phucmg Ddng; nhung rdi, ddn ddn trd thanh cae Id hdi vdi quy md khdng he nhd, cd y nghia eho ca cung dinh ldn dan gian va trd thanh mpt sinh hoat van hda ddn gian, dam mau tin ngudng duoc cha'p nhdn cho dd'n tan ngay nay. Dd la cac Id hdi ciia den Bach Ma (cira ddng), den Quan Thanh (cira bdc), dinh. den Kim Lidn (cira nam) va ddn Linh Lang (eira
tay). Ca bd'n noi nay Id hdi da dupc md ttr lau ddi va day ciing la co hdi de cd the khdi phuc lai vdi quy md hoanh trdng hon nira trong sd cdc Id hdi lidn quan dd'n cung dinh ma lai ddy chat dan gian,
Ngoai ra, trong mang Id hdi cung dinh nay eung can phai nhde dd'n cdc Id hdi khac nhu hdi chtia Dd' Thi'ch (chiia vua), cac Id hdi dua thuydn trdn sdng Hdng... xua kia cung la mdt Id hdi dupe sir sach chep de'n.
4. Ll hoi ve nhung ngudi anh hiing Mdt trong nhiing mang hdi ndi trdi nhat ciia Ha Ndi la Id hdi vd nhirng ngudi anh himg da cd cdng danh giac giir nude, dupc ghi chep trong truyen thuyd't va lich sir Viet Nam. Trong sd dd ndi bat nhat phai ke dd'n hdi Gidng. Cd mdt didu hd't sire thii vi, dd la hdi Gidng - mdt Id hdi ed tdm vde qud'c gia, cd stre cud'n hut ky la cdc the' he ngudi Viet dd'n mii:e "miing chfn thang tu, khdng di hdi Gidng thi hu mdt ddi" ay lai didn ra trpn ven tren dia vyc ciia Ha Ndi nay.
Dd la hdi Gidng Phti Ddng noi ngudi anh hiing lang Gidng sinh ra va ldn ldn rdi di ddnh giac ciiu nudc; hdi Gidng ddn Sde la noi sau khi danh tan giac Gidng trd ve trdi; hdi Gidng ddn Sde d Xudn Dinh Id nai trdn dudng Gidng di danh giac dtmg chan udng nudc hd Tay va hdi Gidng Chi Nam - noi trdn dudng vd trdi Gidng thay thiiy quai ndn quay lai danh de ciru dan.
That tuyet vdi, mdt cude hanh trinh trpn ven ciia mpt ngudi anh hiing ttr khi sinh dd'n luc thac ddu vi dan vi nudc. Dd la hinh tupng van hpc, nhung trong dd dn chiia mdt triet ly sau sa cua ngudi xua la khi hoan thanh nghla vu vdi dat nudc, nhirng ngudi anh hiing gac lai guom.
Sling, dn minh ma khdng ddi hdi nhung quyen loi vinh hoa phti quy, trd ve vdi cudc sd'ng ddi thudng (sung guom vut bd Iai hidn nhu xua- Nguydn Dinh Thi), thanh than va tinh tai.
Sau cdc hdi ve Gidng, phai ke de'n hdi den Cd Loa vao ngdy mdng sau thang gidng. Khac vdi hdi Gidng, noi ngudi xem ed the thay toan bd sy hoanh trang ciia mdt tran danh giac An eiia vi anh hting oai phong, ldm liet, thi d hdi den Co Loa, ta se ve tham mdt di tich kie'n triic cd loa thanh vdi truyen thuyd't chid'c nd thdn nhde nhd mudn ddi cac ldp chau con ve bai hpc
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VAN H O A N G H I ^ THUAT TROMC MU^C
canh giac vdi ke thu. Vi hdi Cd Loa, ta cdn dupe chidm ngudng mdt cudc rude ngoan muc va ddc ddo, dd la tyc rude vua sd'ng cua 8 ldng thd An Duong Vuang Id Cd Loa, Van Thuang, Manh Trang, Ngoai Sut, Cdu Ca, Dai Bi, Bdng Gia va lang Cuu. Mdt cudc rude ddng vui va hid'm ed. Truyen thuyd't giai thi'ch ngudn gdc cude rude nhu sau: Khi An Duong Vuang ddp thanh thudng hi ydu quai phd hoai. Bpn yeu quai ty tap d lang Nhdi. Sau nhd ed Trd'n Thidn Huyen Vu trtr hd, thanh mdi xdy xong. Ddn lang Nhdi ben ru nhau lap den thd. Vi vdy hang nam vua Thuc liic sinh thdi thudng den dd bdi ta. Dd' ghi nhd ngdy nay ngudi ta dat tuc rude vua sd'ng de tai hidn sy kien kia (1). Hdi Co Loa xua thu hiit rd't ddng ngudi, ngudi ta hao hire dd'n hot dd'n mirc "bd con bd chau, khdng bd mdng sdu thang gidng".
Gid'ng nhu hdi Gidng, Ha Ndi cdn ed Id hdi tudng nidm Hai Ba Trung - mdt trong nhirng vi nir tudng dupc ghi dam trong sir sach ddn tdc, bidu hidn cho khf phach eiia ngudi phu nir Viet Nam: den no nudc, tra thii nha, giac de'n nha dan ba ciing danh. Ddy ciing la mdt he thd'ng Id hdi lidn quan dd'n cudc ddi hai bd ttr khi sinh ra cho dd'n khi mat, ngay nay da ndm trpn ven trdn dat Ha Ndi. Dd Id hdi den Ha Ldi vao ngdy 6 thang gieng, thudc huydn Md Linh, Id noi hai Ba sinh ra vd khdi nghidp; dd'n hdi lang Hat Mdn ttr mdng 6 dd'n mdng 8-3 am hch la nai hai ba chid'n dd'u va tudn tie't. Cdn hdi den Ddng Nhan vao ngay 5-2 dm hch, tuy ddy khdng phai la qud huong hai ba, nhung la nai ddn khf anh linh CLia hai ba sau khi chdt (da bid'n thanh tupng da xudi theo ddng sdng Hdng dd'n day).
Ngay hdi hang nam cd Id rude nudc, kidu rude do loan nir dam trdeh. Dac bidt, dam rude cd ddi voi gd di dep dudng. Nudc lay d giira ddng sdng Hdng dem ve nau trdm huong dd bao sdi tuang vd dd thd cting quanh nam.
Ngoai nhirng Id hdi lien quan dd'n hai vi vua anh hiing trong lich sir nhu hdi lang Trieu Khuc, thd Phiing Hung (Bd cai Dai vuong 791) va Id hdi Ddng Da ky nidm trdn danh thdn tdc ciia ngudi anh hiing do vai cd dao dap tan may chyc van qudn Thanh vao TK XVlll (1788 - 1792), Ha Ndi cdn mdt sd hdi thd cdc nhdn vat lich sir
khac nhu hdi vdt Mai Ddng thd dng Nguydn Tam Trinh, mdt tudng ciia Hai Ba Trung, dupe suy tdn la dng td ciia Id vat Mai Ddng, hdi Id Noi (Cd Nhue, Ttr Lidm) thd Ddng Chinh Vuang tudng quan, hdi lang Ve (Ddng Ngac Tir Lidm) thd Ddng Xuyen Hdu, hdi den Trem thd.
Ly Ong Trpng, cung nhu mdt loat cac ll hdi d cac vting dat mdi sap nhdp khac,...
5. Ll hoi cua cac vi than bait tiir
Bdn vi thanh bd't tir duac ngudi Viet suy tdn thi Ha Ndi deu thd va trong dd cd hai vi cd ngudn gd'c ttr ddy la thanh Gidng va Tan Vidn son thanh ngy trdn nui Ba Vi vdi hdi ddn Va mdt Id hdi ldn nhd't vd dng. Ca di tich va Id hdi ddu cd md ldn trong nhiing Id hdi ciia Viet Nam. Nhu vay, cd bd'n vi thanh trong tii: bd't tir thi Ha Ndi ngay nay la noi thd phung chfnh, cd quy md ldn nhd't la hai vi thanh Gidng va Tan Vidn. Chua Lidu Hanh duoc thd chfnh d Phii Gidy, Nam Dinh vd ddy duac coi la qud huang ciia ba, nhung Ha Ndi cd phii Tdy Hd, mdt trong nhirng dia diem thieng hdng thd ba. Ld hdi phii Tdy Hd cung la mdt Id hdi ndi tid'ng khdng chi ciia thii dd ma nhieu vimg trong ea nudc bie't dd'n. Nhirng nam ddu thdp nidn 90 ciia TK XX phii Tdy Hd la mdt trong bd'n diem di Id khdng the thid'u dupc vdo dau xudn ciia nhung ngudi lam an (phii Tay Hd, chiia Ha, bia Ba va ddn bd Chtia Kho). Chi cdn mdt vi thanh trong tir bat tir ma Ha Ndi khdng la noi thd chfnh dd la Chir Ddng Tir thi mdt vai xa trong huydn Gia Ldm cung la noi phdi thd vdi Da Hda va Da Traeh, Hung Ydn.
Thuc td' cho thd'y, bdn canh hdi Gidng vdi nhu'ng truyen thuyd't, di tfch va Id hdi thd phung ngai mpt each trpn ven trdn dd't Ha Ndi, thi Tan Vidn son thdnh cung la mdt trudng hap nhu vay. Ciing vdi nui Ba Vi va den Va, thi mdt he thd'ng cdc di tfch va Id hdi thd ngai mdt sd ndm trdn da't Phii Thp va VTnh Phiic, cdn Iai td't ca thudc vd Ha Ndi hidn nay. Ddy qua la mpt loi the rat to Idn ciia Ha Npi trong viec phat trien van hda va du lich trong tuang lai a
(Cdn niia) L.H.L
1. Trinh Cao Tudng. Trinh Sinh. Hd Noi thdi dai dong vd sdt sdm. Nxb Khoa hgc Xd hgi. Ha Ndi. 1982. tr.64.
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