S6 03/2020
Nghien CLTU cac giai phap nang cao nang lire cac tuyen van tai thuy ven bien
• ThS. NGUYEN VAN THANH - Vien Chien Idge va Phdt tnen Giao thdng van tdi
• ThS. N G U Y I N TH! NGA - Trddng Dai hgc Cong nghe Giao thong van tai
TOW TAT' Bai bao da phan tich danh gia thuc trang ve hoat dong van tai, phuong tien, thuyen vien, cong tac dam bao ATGT va de xuat ra cac giai phap nang cao hieu qua cac tuyen van t^i thuy ven bien.
TLT KHOA: Van t^i thuy ven bien, phuong tien van tai ven bien VR - SB
ABSTRACT: The paper has analyzed and evaluated the current situation of transport activities, vehicles, crews, ensuring traffic safety and proposed the solutions to improve the efficientcy of coastal waterway transport routes.
KEYVyORDS: Coast watenway transport, VR - SB coast transport vehicle.
I.DATVANOi
Viet Nam la mgt trong nhdng nudc cd lgi the ve bien vdi chieu dai bd bien khoang 3.260km, he thong song ngdi day dae, vi tri dia ly thuan lgi, tao dieu kien de phat tnen cac ITnh vUc hang hai, dUdng thiiy noi dia, hang khdng... .Trong thdi gian qua cd sUmat can ddi trong co cau van tai hang hda giQa cac phuPng thUe, anh hudng xau den thi trudng van tai, gay thiet hai cho ngudi tieu dung, doanh nghiep va nen kinh te. Hien nay, tren 70% hang hoa va khoang 90% hanh khaeh dugc van chuyen bang dudng bg da khien chi phf van chuyen tang eao, tinh trang sif dung cac phUOng tien qua tai da lam mat ATGT, gay hU hdng, giam tuoi thg ket cau ha tang giao thdng dudng bg
De giam tai cho van tai dUdng bg, dong thdi thue hien chien luoc phat trien djch vy van tai va thuc day tai cocau van tai, tao sU ket ndi trong van tai, giam gia thanh van chuyen tren hanh lang Bae - Nam, tao san choi binh dang, canh tranh giCra cac doanh nghiep nham nang eao chat luong, dich vu van tai, tao hanh lang van chuyen hang hda thuan tien giij'a cac khu vuc ven bien, vUa qua tuyen vSn tai thiiy ven bien tU Quang Ninh - Quang Binh - Binh Thuan - Kien Giang da dupe dUa vao hoat dong, tao ra sUthay dot dang ke trong van tai tren hanh lang Bac - Nam. Tinh den het nam 2018 da cd tong sd
1.748 phupng tien mang cap VR-SB hoat dong, cao gap 6 lan so vdi nam dau md tuyen. Trong nhOng nam dau md tuy^'n, san lUong van tai tang tir 5,7 trieu tan, den het nam 2018 da dat tren 30 trieu tan, toe do tang binh quan tren 50%/nam; sd lugt phuong tien VR - SB thong quacang, ben thiiy ndi dia va cang bien khoang 186.600 lugt, tong khdi lugng hang thdng qua eang, ben thiiy noi dia va cang bien khoang 52 trieu tan.
Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh tnen khai thUc hien nay sinh nhieu van de can dupe quan tam nhU: s6 luong phuong tien tang nhanh trong khi hang hda con thieu hut, dae biet la hang hda tU mien Nam, mien Trung ra mien Bac rat han che; phuong tien van tai thiiy ven bien lien quan den ca thu tyc dudng thuy va hang h l i nhung ehUa cd sU lien thong thdng nha't giQa hai ITnh vUc nay;
cac CO che chinh sach can phan dinh rd trach nhiem giQa cang vu hang hai va eang vu dudng thiiy ngi dia, tranh chdng cheo chUe nang; cdng tac tim kiem eUu nan ddl vdl phuong tien VR-SB gap nhieu khd khan, thuyen ra, vao luong tuyen tiem an nhieu nguy cO mat an toan hang hai, pham vl boat dgng cua cac tuyen van tai thuy ven bien chong lan len cac tuyen van tai bien Bac - Nam;
mgt so van ban QPPL con chUa phii hgp vdl thUc te va thieu nhu chua cd quy dinh ve hudng dSn chang bugc hang hda, chUa ed quy djnh eu the ve viec phong chong d nhiem moi trudng tren phuong tien VR-SB, chUa cd quy dinh ve viec huan luyen cac tinh huong khan cap, thuc tap cac tinh hudng khan cap...
Ben eanh do cung can tfnh den co che ket noi chuyen tai hang hoa tU hang hai sang dUdng thiiy bang cac khu truyen tai de tao nguon hang cho van tai thuy vao sau trong ngi dia va ket noi vdi cac phUOng thUe van tai dudng sat, dUdng bd.
2. THLTC T R A N G V ^ VAN T A I THUY VEN B I I N 2.1. Hoat dong van tai
Hien nay, tren toan quoc cd 3 tuyen van tai thiiy ven bien dl qua eac eang, ben thiiy ngi dia va eang bien ciia 28 tinh, thanh pho tQ Quang Ninh tdi Kien Giang.
Tuyen thQ nhat tQ Quang Ninh tdi Quang Binh di qua cae cang ben thiiy noi dja va cang bien eiia 9 tinh, thanh ph6:QuSng Ninh, Hai Phong,Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hda, Nghe An, Ha TTnh va Quang Binh.
Tuyen thdhai tQ Kien Giang den BinhThuan diqua caccang, ben thiiy noi dia, cang bien ciia 10 tinh, thanh
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
So 03/2020
phd: Kien Giang, Ca Mau, Bac Lieu, Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Ben Tre, Tien Giang, TP Ho Chf Minh, Ba Ria - Vung Tau va BinhThuan.
Tuyen thQ ba tCf Quang Binh tdi Binh Thuan di qua cac cang, ben thiiy npi dja, cang bien cua 11 tinh, thanh pho: Quang Binh,QuangTr!,ThiraThien-Hue,DaNang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hda, NinhThuan, BinhThuan.
Sau nhQng nam dau md tuyen, san lugng van tai bang loai hinh van tai thiiy ven bien tren hanh lang Bac- Nam mdi dat khoang 5,7 trieu tan, nam thU hai tang len hon 17 trieu tan, nam thQ ba len 23 trieu tan va den het nam 2018 san lupng van tai dat hon 30 trieu tan, toe do tang trUdng binh quan moi nam dat hon 50%/nam va tang hon 5 ian so vdi giai doan dau md tuyen.
San lugng van tai thuy ngi dja ndi ehung nam 2014 la 190,6 trieu tan. Toe do tang trudng binh quan giai doan 2011 -2014 la 5,97%. Nam 2018, san lUOng van tai dudng thiiy ndi dia dat 288,82 trieu tan, cao gap 1,52 lan sovdi nam 2014. Toe do tang trudng binh quan giai doan 2015 - 2018 la 12,74%.
^113 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Hinh 2.1: Sin lupng van tii duong thuy npi dia Tfnh den het nam 2018, tong khoi lugng hang thdng qua cang, ben thuy ndi dja va cang bien khoang 52 trieu tan, trong do khoi lugng hang thdng qua cang bien khoang 32 trieu tan, chiem ty le 62% so vdi tong khdi lugng hang bang phuong tien VR-SB thdng qua eac cang, ben va khoang 20 trieu tan hang thong qua cac eang, ben thiiy ngi dja, ehiem ty le 38% so vdi tong khoi lugng hang bang phugng tien VR-SB thong qua eac cang, ben.
Cac loai mat hang dUOc van chuyen tren tuyen tU Quang Ninh, Hai Phdng di Thanh Hoa cung nhU eac tinh mien Trung, mien Nam gom cae mat hang vat lieu xay dung, thiet bi, than, da, eat; tuyen tU Quang Ninh di Quang Binh, Ha TTnh cd mat hang than cam la chu yeu; tuyen tQ H3I Phong dl Vung Ang (Ha Tinh) gom eac mat hang thiet bi, may mdc (dong container), vat lieu xay dyng; tuyen tQ nha may Nghi Son di cae tinh Quang Binh, Quang Tri, ThQa Thien - Hue gom cac nguyen lieu phy gia cho cae nha may xi mang, cac loai mat hang xang dau va hang hda tong hgp; tuyen tif Nghe An, Ha Tinh ra Hai DUOng vdi cac mat hang chii yeu la da; tuyen tifTR Ho Chi Minh di Vung Tau, Kien Giang va ngUoe lai gom eac mat hang tong hgp nhu gao, phan bdn, vat lieu xay dung, go.
Nhu vay, nganh van t^i thiiy ven bien da gop phan giam tai dang ke cho dudng bg tren hanh lang Bac - Nam. Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh boat dgng thi cd 3 cO quan tham gia vao viec kiem tra cap giay vao, rdi cang, ben va thu phi, le phi, dd la cang vu hang hai, cang vu dudng thiiy not dia true thugc Cue Dudng thuy npi dia Viet Nam va cang vy dudng thuy npi dia true thudc sd GTVT.Tuy nhien, hien nay chUa ed co quan lam dau moi thdng nhat quan ly, ket not eac dU lieu cung nhU minh bach sd lieu de cac co quan quan ly nha nUdc ciing khai thae va quan ly.
Cong tac quan ly, giam sat hanh trinh boat dgng tren tuyen gap nhieu khd khan do hien nay phan Idn cac phuong tien VR-SB hoat dong tren tuyen van tai thiiy ven bien chua phai lap dat thiet bi AIS nhu phuong tien VR-SB CO dung tich nhd hon 500 DWT khong p h l i lap dat thiet bi AIS, trong khi dd phUOng tien nay hien nay hoat ddng rat nhieu.
Nguon hang van chuyen chii yeu theo mot chieu tir mien Bae vao mien Trung va mien Nam, gia nguyen lieu dau vao, luong thuyen vien, le phi ben eang... tang eao da anh hudng true tiep tdi hoat dgng cua cac doanh nghiep, kho khan eho phat trien tuyen van tai ven bien.
2.2. PhUtfng tien van tai ven bien VR - SB Tfnh den het nam 2018, tong so lugng phUOng tien mang cap VR-SB dang boat dong la 1.748 phuong tien, cao gap 6 lan so vdi nam 2014 va gap 3,5 lan so vdi tau bien cap han che III, toe do tang trUdng binh quan giai doan 2014 - 2018 la 56,42%/nam.
I 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Hinh 2.2: So lupng phuong tiin VR-SB Ca cau phuang tien VR-SB: Trong tong so 1.748 phuong tien VR-SB thi tau ehd hang ed 789, chiem ty le 45% so vdi tong phuong tien mang cap VR-SB, tong trong tai la 1.615.263 tan, trgng tai trung binh la 2.142 tan/tau; tau chd khach la 253 chiec, chiem ty le 14% so vdl tong phuong tien VR-SB, tong sUc ehd 16.671 HK, sUc ehd trung binh la 64 HK/chiec; tau khae (tau keo, tau day, tau hut bun...} 706 chiec, ehiem ty le 40% so vdi tong phuong tien mang cap VR-SB.
Hinh 2.3: Co eau phuong tien VR - SB
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Do tuoi trung binh cua phuong tien VR-SB co xu hudng gl^m dan. Nam 2018, dp tuoi trung binh cua phuong tien VR-SB la 7,1 tuoi, giam 1,8 lan so vdi nam 2014.
Hinh 2.4: Dp tuoi trung binh phuong tien VR-SB Hien nay, cd nhieu phUOng tien VR-SB ed trgng tai tren 5.000 tan (51 chiec, trong do ed tau VR-SB ed trgng tai tren 20.000 DWT), phat trien khong theo quy hoaeh (theo quy hoach phat trien van tai sdng pha bien den nam 2020 va djnh hudng den nam 2030 duoc phe duyet tai Quyet djnh sd 4291/QD-BGTVT ngay 24/12/2013 chi quy hoach dpi tau song pha bien ed trpng tai den 5.000 DVi/T), vdi cae loai tau nay thi nhieu cang thiiy ngi dja khong dap Qng duoc cd tau nen eac tau nay chi ed the ra, vao eae eang bien de lam hang.
Tinh trang cac phuong tien VR-SB thudng xuyen chay ben ngoai pham vi cho phep nham rut ngan quang dudng, thdi gian, tiet kiem nhien lieu (chay lan sang pham vi cua tau bien) dan den cd nguy co mat an toan, dae biet trong cae dieu kien thdi tiet bat Igi. Nhieu phuong tien VR-SB cd trpng tai Idn hon tau bien nhung trang bi an toan kT thuat thap hOn, dinh bien thuyen vien ft hon tau bien, gay nguy co mat an toan.
Mpt sd khu vUc hien nay ehUa cd cho tranh bao nhu tai Long An, Tien Giang tren song Soai Rap, gay khd khan eho cdng tac dieu dong cae tau vao khu vuc tranh bao khi cd bao.
2.3. Nguon nhan lu'c
Tinh den thang 4/2019, so luong ngudi dUpc cap giay chQng nhan kha nang chuyen mon (GCNKNCM) thuyen trudng, may trudng hang nhat la 11.662 GCNKNCM, trong do:
- Ngudi duoc cap GCNKNCM thuyen trUdng hang nhat: 8.525 GCNKNCM, chiem ty le 73%;
- Ngudi duoc cap GCNKNCM may trUdng hang nhat: 3.137 GCNKNCM, chiem ty le 37%.
Nguon nhan lUc duge cap chUng chi dieu khien phuong tien di ven bien va chUng chi an toan ven bien la 16.181 chirng chi, trong do:
- Ngudi dugc cap chirng ehi dieu khien phUPng tien dl ven bien: 3.544 chdng ehi, chiem ty 1^ 22%.
- Ngudi duoc cap chdng chi an toan ven bien:
12.637 chdng ehi, ehiem ty le 78%.
Nhu vay, dpi ngu thuyen vien cd GCNKNCM, chdng chi chuyen mon phu hpp de dieu khien phuong tien di ven bien da dap Qng du ve so lugng so vdi sd phuong tien VR-SB dang hoat dgng.
So 03/2020 Tuy nhien, hien nay so lugng thuyen vien ed xu hudng bd nghe tang eao do mat bang luong khdng hap dan, lam viee trong dieu kien khac nghiet. Cac cOsd dao tao hien nay mdi chi ehu trpng tdi viee dao tao ly thuyet, it cd CO hgi thUe hanh, do vay khi sinh vien ra trudng cd rat it kinh nghiem thuc te. Trinh do ehuyen mdn ciia thuyen vien tren phuong tien cdn nhieu han che, nhieu thuyen trUdng va thuyen vien chUa am hieu eae quy dinh phap luat lien quan tdi phuong tien VR-SB.
Theo danh gia ciia To chUe Hang hai the gidi (IMQ) trong thdi gian tQ ngay 14/01/2019 den ngay 21/01/2019 ve viec thuc thi cac quy dinh cua IMO ve an toan va phdng ngQa d nhiem thi cae phuong tien VR-SB hanh trinh tren bien chUa dap dng dUgc cac quy dinh bat buoc ciia Cong udc IMQ ma Viet Nam la thanh vien.
2.4. Dam bao ATGT
Tif nam 2014 den nay da xay ra 38 vu tai nan, su CO hen quan den phUong tien VR-SB, gay chim dam 26 phuang tien (trong do co 14 phuong tien VR-SB va 12 tau khae} khien 3 ngUdl thiet mang. Rieng 10 thang dau nam 2019 xay ra 7 vu tai nan lien quan den tau VR-SB, trong do cd 4 vy phuong tien t u chim dam.
Nguyen nhan chinh ia do sU co ky thuat, anh hUdng ciia thdi tiet xau, mot so phuong tien hoat dong khong dung tuyen luong dugc cong bo, chUa cd thiet bi canh gidi tranh va.
Cac trang thiet bj an toan tren phuong tien VR-SB cdn han ehe khi hoat dong tren bien nhU he thong la ban, thiet bi canh bao tai nan, phao bung, trang thiet bi eUu sinh...
Thuyen vien khdng thanh thao trong viec tac nghiep hai do, xac djnh vi tri tau bSng dia van, radar, each nhan biet mye tieu bd, xac dinh sal sd la ban.
Cong tae xep, dd hang hda, chang budc hang hoa chua phu hop vdi tai trong, chUa cd quy dinh cy the ddi vdi phuong tien VR-SB,
3. CAC GlAl P H A P N A N G CAO N A N G L I / C CAC TUYEN VAN TAI THUY VEN B I I N
3.1. Giai phap ve quan ly nha nUcrc 3.1.1.VevdnbdnQPPL
- Bo sung eac che tai xQ !y doi vdi chu tau khi phuong tien VR-SB chay ngoai pham vi hoat dpng va tam giQco thdi han GCNKNCM ciia thuyen trUdng trong NDI 32/2015/ND-CP ngay 25/12/2015 Quy djnh xQ phat hanh chinh trong linh vUc giao thong dudng thuy noi dja;
- Ra soat dieu chfnh lai tai Khoan 10 Dieu 19. Bieu dinh bien thuyen vien trong Thdng t u sd 04/2017/TT- BGTVT ngay 20/01/2017 ve sQa doi, bo sung mot so dieu cQaThong t u so 47/2015/TT-BGTVT ngay 14/9/2015 quy djnh pham vi trach nhiem ciia thuyen vien, ngUdi lai phuang tien va dinh bien an toan toi thieu tren phuong tien thiiy ngi dia. Dmh bien thuyen vien duac bo trt theo cava theo hanh trinh d mde toi thieu de nghi ehinh sQa lai theo hUdng bo tri dinh bien thuyen vien theo hudng cdng suat may chinh va tong dung tich nhuap dyng vdi tau bien hientai;
- Ra soat dieu chinh lai tai muc 4.2. Cap ky thuat,
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
So 03/2020
tieu chuan cap ky thuat cang thiiy noi dia trong TCVN 10305:2015 ve phan cap ky thuat cang, ben thiiy ngi dja do hien nay mot so cang ben cd kha nang tiep nhan cac tau ed tai trgng Idn hOn so vdi quy djnh nhu tai mot so c i n g ben tai khu vQc Nam Dmh (cang Xuan Thanh, chau san/Sdng Day}, Quang Binh va Ha Nam...;
- Ra soat dteu ehinh lai tai Khoan 11, 12; dieu kien d u thi lay GCNKNCM thuyen trUdng hang nhat hoae may trudng hang nhat (Dieu 6); dieu kien cu the dU thi, kiem tra de dUOc cap GCNKNCM, chQng chi chuyen mon trong Thong tU so 40/2019/TT-BGTVT ngay 15/10/2019 cua Bg GTVT quy dinh thi, kiem tra, cap, cap lai, ehuyen doi GCNKNCM, chilrng chi ehuyen mon thuyen vien, ngudi lai phuong tien thiiy noi dia...; de nghi ehinh sifa lai khong can thiet phai ed bSng tot nghiep THPT, chi can qua Idp dao tao va eo chQng chi boat dgng;
- Ra soat dieu chinh lai tai phy luc 1 kich thQde dudng thuy ngi dja theo cap ky thuat va phy lue 02 cap ky thuat dudng thiiy npi dja trong Thong t u so 46/2016/
TT-BGTVT ngay 29/12/2016 ve quy dinh cap ky thuat dudng thuy ngi dia do hien tai cd mgt so doan sdng rat sau hoan toan cd the phye vu dugc cae tau ed tai trong Idn hon;
- Xay dUng va ban hanh quy djnh ey the ve viec tien hanh kiem tra, bao dudng eae trang thiet ve an toan tren phuong tien VR-SB (bao gom ndi dung kiem tra, bao dudng trang thiet bi an toan, chu ky each thQc kiem tra trang thiet bj an toan), cae quy djnh cu the danh mye cac tinh huong khan cap phai thuc hien huan luyen, thuc tap...;
- Xay dung va ban hanh quy dinh ey the ve edng tae chat xep, chSng huge va van chuyen cac loai hang hda tren phuong tien VR-SB;
- Xay dung va ban hanh cac quy djnh eu the ve viee hoan doi tQ tau sdng va tau bien cap han che III sang phuong tien VR-SB.
3.1.2. Vebgmdytochde
Nghien cQu xem xet sap xep lai to chUe bp may tien tdi sap nhap Cue Dudng thuy ngi dia Viet Nam vdl Cyc Hang hai Viet Nam tUong tU nhU mot so quoc gia tren the gidi nhu Thai Lan, Nhat Ban, Philippines... de nang cao hieu qua cdng tac quan ly, tranh chong cheo chQc nang nhiem vu giQa hai don vi.
3.2. Gidi phap ve ket cau ha tang
- Danh quy dat hop ly cho viee md rgng va phat trien cang ben tren cac tuyen van tai chfnh;
- Phat tnen ket eau ha tang mot each dong bo, ra soat thong so ky thuat cac tuyen luong, tap trung giai quyet dut diem cac nut th^t, eac diem nghen;
- De dam bao an toan cho tau thuyen ndi ehung, phuong tien mang cap VR-SB noi rieng khi gap thdi tiet xau, can sdm cd ke hoaeh trien khai thi edng cae khu neo dau tranh bao theo quy hoach da dugc phe duyet;
-Oay manh xa hgi hda viec dau t u phat tnen cOsd ha tang cang bien bang hinh thQc PPP; khuyen khich cae nha dau tU thupc khu kinh te, khu eong nghiep tham gia dau t u ed sd ha tang c i n g va ca sd ha tang ket noi vdt eang;
- Nghien cQu, ap dung eo ehe cho thue khai thae ddl vdi ket c i u ha tang eing ben dUOc xay dUng bang nguon von ngan sach nha nudc;
- Nghten cQu hinh thanh eac khu neo dau, chuyen t l i ; day manh xa hoi hda dau t u xay dung c i n g bien;
-Tang cUdng thu hUt cac nha dau tU, phat trien eac khu eong nghiep trong vung hap dan cua cing de tang khoi luong van ehuyen.
3.3. Gidi phap ve phuong t i ^ n
Nghien cdu chui'n hda phuong tien VR-SB theo hudng nang cao ki thuat an toan d i m bao eho cac phuong tien co the hoat dgng ngoai vung 12 h l i ly nhU tau bien cap han ehe 111 nhusau:
-Doi vdi phuang tien VR- SB dUpc hinh thanh tif tau SI, 52 thi di theo tuyen dang ky;
- Doi vdi phuong tien VR- SB hinh thanh t d tau bien;
- Vdt tau bien khong co thay doi gl ve vd may va trang thiet bi ma xudng cap VR - SB nay khdng mudn di theo tuyen dang ky thi lam lai giay td chuyen ve tau bien;
-Vdl phuong tien VR-SB tQ tau bien chuyen xuong cd thay doi ve vd, may va trang thiet bi nay khdng muon di theo chang, tuyen thi chuyen lai d p tau bien vdi dieu kien ky t h u i t thda man cap tau bien;
- Doi vdi phuong tien VR - SB ddng mdi sau ngay 30/6/2014 neu khong muon di theo chang, tuyen dang ky thi chuyen len cap tau bien vdi dieu kien ky thuat thda man vdi cap tau bien.
3.4. Gidi phap ve nguon nhan lu'c
- Tang cUdng hop tac quoc te dao tao nguon nhan luc vdi nhieu hinh thirc de phat trien nguon nhan lUc, tim kiem eae nguon von nude ngoai cho xay dUng co sd dao tao;
- Cd chinh saeh Uu dai doi vdi ngudi lao dong nhat la doi vdi sy quan, thuyen vien va ngudi lao dpng trong cic nha may dong, sQa chUa tau nham khuyen khich ngudi lao ddng gan bd lau dai vdi nghe;
-To chQc dao tao chuyen sau cd chat iQOng cho dpi ngu thuyen vien lam viec tren tau VR-SB, dae biet la kien thUevehang hiii;
- Xay dung cac chfnh sach ve giam hoc phi, ho trg eae dieu kien de thu hut nguon nhan lUc thuyen vien.
3.5. Gidi phap ve khoa hoc cong nghe - Xay dung phan mem ehung ve quan ly hoat dgng eiia phugng tien VR-SB de cae eang vu hang h l i , cang vy dudng thiiy npi dja khu vUe, cing vu dudng thiiy ngi dia dia phuong khi lam thu tyc cho phuong tien vao/rdi cing ben rut ngan thdi gian va nang cao hieu q u i eong tac quan ly eita nha nudc;
- Nang cap, cap nhat eo sd dQ lieu true tuyen ve quan ly thuyen vien, phuong tien VR-SB di cong t i c kiem tra b i n g cap ehuyen mon va cic chQng chi li^n quan dat hieu qua cao nhat;
- Nghien cQu viec xay dung he thong djch vu van t i l nhu hoat dong cQu hg, cdu nan, hoa tieu cung Qng nguyen vat lieu, cung Ung cac djch vy hau can... tai cac dau moi giao thong cua tuyen van tai ven bien.
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4. K^T L U A N
Nang cao hieu qua cae tuyen van tai thiiy ven bien la mgt trong nhQng g i l i phap quan trgng de g i l m t l i cho dudng bg va thue day tai co cau van t l i , tao sU ket noi giQa cac phuong thQc van tai, giam chi phi g i i thanh van chuyen tren hanh lang Bie - Nam. Ngoai nhQng van de dat duge neu tren, bai bao da phan tich d i n h gia dugc thuc trang nhQng van de con ton tai ve hoat dgng van t l i , phQOng tien, thuyen vien va cong tac dam b i o ATGT trong qua trinh khai thae van tai doi vdi loai hinh van t l i thuy ven bien, tif do dexuat duoc 5 giai phapde khic phuc nhQng van di ton tai do.
Tai lieu tham khao
[1 ]. Bdo cdo cong tdc quan ly nha nddc chuyen nganh hdng hdicOa Cue Hang hai Viet Nam ndm 2016.
[2]. Quyet dinh so 2495/QD-BGTVT ngdy 30/6/2014 cCia Bg trUdng Bg GTVT ve viec cong bo tuyen van tdi ven bien td Quang Ninh den Quang Binh.
[3]. Quyet dinh so 3365/QD-BGTVT ngdy 05/9/2014 cua Bo trddng Bg GTVT ve viic cdng bo tuyen vdn tdi ven bien tdKien Giang den Binh Thuan.
[4]. Quyetdinh so 3733/QD-BGTVTngdy 03/10/2014 cOa Bg trddng Bg GTVT ve viec cong bo tuyen van tdi ven bien tdOudng Binh den Binh Thuan.
[5].Htlpy/www.motgaWabouthtm!?dshTi_lang=EN&id=3.
[6]Http-yAmvw.mot.go.th/about.html?dstrnJang=EN&id=3.
[7].Httpy/www.mot.gath/about.html?ds^Jang=EN&id^3 l8].HttpyAw/w.niot.go.th/about.html?dslrnJang=EN&id=3.
[9] .Http/AmwjTKtgovjTiy/m'about-rnot/stn^
Ngay nhan bai: 05/01/2020 Ngay chap nhdn dang: 02/02/2020 NgUdi phdn bicmlS. DUcmg Van Chung
ThS. Chu Quang Trung
