• Nghien cu'u - Ky thuat
dugrc chat khdng ion hda tdng nhung khi tdng nong dp carbopol t u 0,1 - 0,2%, dp nhdt tang, gel tgo thdnh vung c h i c b a n , han che phdn ndo s u giai phdng d u p e chdt qua mdng.
Vdi mong m u l n l y a chpn DIG cd ddc tinh tao gel phu hap, kha ndng k i t dinh sinh hpc va giai phdng d u a c chat in vitro tot nhat, dong thdi lupng poloxamer s d dung it nhdt, ehung tdi da lua chon edng thue F8-19 : 10 : 0 , 1 . V d i nong dd PF127, PF68, carbopol Idn luat Id 19, 10, 0 , 1 % kl/kl, ed nhi^t dp tao gel 34,5 ± 0,2''C, tao gel ngay lap tuc vd duy tri han 20 phut trong nude mdt nhan tao, li^c k i t dinh sinh hpc ^9,^2.^0•^Wcn\^ va sau 6 gid cd 63% d u a c ehat giai phdng In vitro.
Ket luan
Da danh gia d u a c anh hudng cua poloxamer, carbopol d i n ddc tinh tao gel, kha nang KDSH, giai phdng d u a c chat in vitro cua dung dich nhd mdt in situ gel natri diclofenac. Cd the thdy rdng tang nong dp F127 lam gidm nhiet dp tao gel, tang nong dp F68 ( d i n 10% kl/kl) lam tang nhiet
dp tao gel, sau dd, tang ndng dp F68 lam giam nhiet do tgo gel eua DIG, ndng do carbopol (0;
0,1; 0,2%) khdng anh hudng den nhiet dp tao gel tuy nhien ndng dp carbopol edng cao thi khd nang tao gel cua DIG cdng cao va kha nang ehdy Idng eua DIG cang kem, carbopol lam tang k i t dinh sinh hpc cua DIG va lam tang kha ndng giai phdng d u a c chdt in vitro. Qua day, nghien cuu da lua chpn d u a c edng thde thich hap cd dac tinh ehdy Idng d nhiet dp phdng vd tao gel trong d i l u kien eua mat.
Tai lieu tham khao 1. Asasutjarit R, et al. (2011), "Optimization and evaluation of thermoresponsive diclofenac sodium ophthalmic in situ gels", Int. J. Pharm., 411(1-2), pp, 128-135.
2. Snvidya et al (2001), "Sustained ophthalmic delivery of ofloxacin from a pH triggered in situ gelling system", J. Control Release, 73, 205-211.
3. S Khan et al (2012), " In situ gel of metoprolol tartrate: Physicochemical characterization. In vitro diffusion and histological studies", India J.
Pharma. Sci.. 74, 564-574 (Ngay nhan bai: 19/08/2014 - Ngay duyet dang. 06/10/2014]
Vl Khao sat tac dung khang vi sinh vat cua cay
luc binh {Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms)
Dao Thi Kim Anh', Truang Thi Dep^ Nguyen Tu Anh^' ' Dgi hoc Sir phgm TP. Ho Chi Minh
•Khoa Dugc - Dgi lioc Y Duac TP. H6 Chi Minh 'E-mail. nguyenluanhvn(q^gmail com Summary
Antibacterial activity of the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) was investigated.
Water hyacinth plants growing in stagnant waters exhibited stronger antibacterial activities than those growing in flowing waters. The stolon showed containing most of the antibacterial active principles The antibacterial spectrum was relatively broad, covering both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. The plant exctracts proved antibacterial activity more potent on Gram (+) bacteria than on Gram (-) bacteha. Of them, MRSA Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive bacterial strain while Escherichia coli was the least sensitive, even less sensitive than Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is of high resistance to many antibiotics in clinic.
Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Water hyacinth, antimicrobial activity t X phu khdng mong m u l n va d l xay ra tinh Irang
^ khang thudc. Do do, viec tim kiem cdc hpp chat Khdng sinh cd nguon goc tong hap hay ban thien nhien, dae biet t u cac bai thuoc dan gian, t6ng hpp thudng ed dpc tinh cao, n h i l u tae dyng co hoat tinh khang khuan luon dupe quan tam
T-JiPCHJ D U Q C H Q C - 1 0 / 2 0 1 4 ( S 6 4 6 2 ^ A M 54)
• Nghien CUPU - Ky thuat
vi tfnh an toan, it tae dung phu cua chung. Cay luc binh {Eichhornia crassipes (Mart). Solms) t d lau da d u a c ngudi dan b i l t d i n nhu Id mpt loai cay cd n h i l u cdng dung nhu diing lam thuc an cho ngudi, vat nudi, lam phdn bdn hode dung Idm thuoc chua sung tay, viem dau. Ngoai ra, nhd khd nang h i p thu mot sd kim logi ndng ma luc binh d u a c s d dung de giam d n h i l m mdi trudng, nhat la mdi trudng nude. (!)' Viet Nam, cay lye binh cd x u l t x u t d Brasil, d u a c du nhap va trdng lam canh d Ha Npi t u nam 1905. Do dieu kien sdng phii hap nen luc binh sinh san rat nhanh, pho b i l n d ao, hd, kenh, rach trong ca nude '^l Hien nay, luc binh chu y l u d u a e tap trung nghien cdu ve tac dyng x u li moi trudng vd chong d nhiem ngudn nude " l Tren t h i gidi, mpt vai nghien cdu cCing da d l cap d i n kha nang khang vi sinh vat eua lue binhi^'". Vi vay nghien cuu nay nhdm khao sat tac dung khdng vi sinh vdt in-vitro cua cay lye binh thu hai t u mot sd mdi trudng tai Viet Nam.
Nguyen lieu va phu'cng phap
nghien CLKUNguyen lieu
Cdc m i u luc binh d u a c thu hai t u sdng Sai Gdn (TP. Hd Chi Minh) va cac ao nude dpng d tinh Binh Duong. Cac m l u da d u a c phan tich v l mat thuc vat hoe vd xac dinh ten khoa hoe la Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms.
Mau cay d u a c tach rieng tung bp phan la, can hanh va phdt hoa; phoi d u d i bdng ram. Mau sau khi phoi kho d u a c nghiln nhd lam vat lieu nghien cdu va danh sd (1): la va can hanh cua cay chua ra hoa d moi trudng nude dung, (2): la cua cay chua ra hoa d mdi trudng nude dung, (3)' can hanh cua cay chua ra hoa d mdi trudng nude ddng, (4); la, phat hoa va can hanh cua cay dang ra hoa d mdi trudng nude dung, (5); la cua cay dang ra hoa d mdi trudng nude dung, (6): can hanh cua cay dang ra hoa d mdi trudng nude dung, (7): phat hoa cua cay dang ra hoa d mdi trudng nude dung, (8): la va can hanh cua cay chua ra hoa d moi trudng nude chay, (9): la cua cay chua ra hoa d mdi trudng nude chay, (10)- can hanh cua cay chua ra hoa d mdi trudng nude chay (11); la, phat hoa va can hanh cua cay dang ra hoa d moi trudng nude chay, (12):
la eua cay dang ra hoa d mdi t r u d n g nude chay, (13); edn hanh eua cay dang ra hoa d mdi trudng n u d e ehdy, (14): phdt hoa eua cay dang ra hoa a mdi trudng nude ehdy.
Chung vi sinh vat thu- nghiem Gdm edc chung vi khuan chuan eua ATCC vd cde ehung d u a c phdn Igp, luu giu tai Bp mdn Vi sinh - Ki sinh (Khoa D u a e - Dai hpc Y Du'^c TP. Hd Chi Minh): Staphylococcus aureus fi^CC 29213, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 29213, Escherichia coil ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 va nam men Candida albicans.
Phuo'ng phap nghien c u u Thu djch chief
Hoat chat t d 10 g m i u d u a e chiet vdi 100 ml eon 96° hoac edn 70° bdng phuang phap chiet ndng tren bep each thuy vd chiet nguoi d nhiet dp phong, bay hai dung mdi djeh chiet d 50 "C, thu cao long ti le 1 '1 (1 g d u a c lieu/1 ml cao Idng).
Khao sat hoat tinh khang vi sinh vat Tien hanh bdng phuang phap khuech tan tren dTa thgch. Vi khuan t h u nghiem cd mat dp 10^ CFU/ml d u a c trai tren dia thaeh Mueller- Hinton (MHA - Merck), nam men C. albicans trai tren mdi trudng thaeh Sabouraud (Merck) bing que bdng vd triing. Cho 50 pi chat t h u vao cac lo due d u d n g kinh 6 mm tren dTa thaeh da trai vi sinh vat t h d nghiem t u o n g dng S u khuech tan cua ehat t h d ra mdi t r u d n g se uc e h l su tang trudng cua vi khuan tao thdnh vdng dc che i*i.
D u d n g kinh cua vdng u c e h l ti le vdi hoat li;c khang khuan. Mdi thu nghiem d u a c tien hanh lap lai 03 Idn va Idy gia trj trung binh d l xac djnh d u d n g kinh vdng uc e h l .
Xac djnh nong dp toi thieu IPC che sy-phit trien vi khuan b i n g phuang phdp pha loang tren dTa thaeh. Chat t h d d u a e pha loang Yi vdi mfli trudng Idng Mueller-Hinton (MHB) theo day nong dp t u cao den thap va cho vdo dTa mdi trudng MHA. Chdm 1 pi h u y i n dich vi khuan ehi>a khoang 10" CPU len cac dTa thaeh ed nong d$
chat thd khac nhau '*'. Ndng dp toi thieu dc ch^vi khuan (MIC) d u a c xac djnh d dTa mdi trudng c6 nong dp chdt t h d thap nhat ma d dd cae vi khu^n bi dc che phat then, chi ed 1-3 k h u I n Igc mpc.
18 TAP CHi DUQC HQC - 10/2014 (SO 462 NAM54)
Nghien ciru - Ky thuat
Ket qua vd banluan
Khao sat hogt t i n h khdng k h u a n , khdng nam cua cdc d j c h chiet
So vdi d|eh chiet con 96°, dich e h i l t eon 70°
t d cdc mau b\ gidm ddng ke hoac khong cdn hogt tinh khdng khuan. Vdi dung moi Id cdn 96°, phuang phap c h i l t ngudi cho djeh chief cd hoat tinh lot han so vdi phuang phap c h i l l nong. Vi vdy eao Idng thu d u a c l u cac djeh c h i l t edn 96°
bdng phuang phdp chiet ngudi d u a c danh sd t u 1 - * 14, t u a n g ung vdi 14 mdu la cac bd phan cay luc binh. Dich chiet eon 96° d tdt ca cae bp phdn eua cay luc binh d i u co hoat tinh khdng khuan ddi vdi 5 ehung vi khuan thd nghiem nhung chung khdng ed kha ndng khdng ndm C.
albicans. Mae du d u d n g kinh vdng de e h l khdng Idn, t u 8 - 1 3 mm nhung todn bp 14 m i u c h i l t deu cd hoat tinh khang S. aureus va MRSA, ngoai tru mau 8 (ehilt t u loan cdy) khdng tac dgng len MRSA. Trong 14 m i u , cae dich c h i l t t u mdu cd
can hanh - mdu 3 , 4 , 6 - ddu eho tdc ddng khang khuan eao n h l t tren ea 5 ehung vi khuan. Cd the thay can hanh Id bd phdn chua nhieu chat khdng khuan n h l t eua cdy luc binh. Ben egnh dd, lue binh thu hogeh t d mdi trudng nude dung d eac ao dpng thupc linh Binh Duang ed khd ndng de e h l vi khuan cao han luc binh thu t d mdi Inj-dng nude chay, eac dudng kinh vdng dc e h l d i u £ 9 mm ngoai tru m i u 1 eo dudng kinh Id 8 mm d S. faecalis va £. coli. Tuy cd s u khac biet nhung khdng dang k l giua dudng kinh vong uc e h l cua cay chua ra hoa va cay dang ra hoa, mdu 1,2,3 so vdi 4 ,5, 6 (bang 1). Dua tren k i t qua thu d u a c eho thdy chung ta eo the thu hogeh luc binh thdi diem chua ra hoa vd s u dung bp phdn can hanh;
vdi luc binh dang ra hoa cd the s d dung todn bp cdy. Viec thu m i u nguyen cay se dan gian va hieu qua kinh t l han so vdi viec chi lay can hdnh, nhung d i n g thdi cay dang ra hoa (thang 1 0 - 1 1 ) se khdng the thu hoach thudng xuyen nhu cay chua ra hoa.
Bang 1 : Kit qua khao sat kha nang khang vi sinh vat cija cac dich chiet ( d luc binh
Mau f/it>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Chijng diFang
S aureus 9 9 13 13 9 12 10 8 8 9 9 8 8 8 32
Dw&ng kinh vong khang khuan, khang MRSA
9 9 13 13 9 11 10
9 10 10 8 9 8 21
S faecalis 8 9 11 12 8 11 9
9 9
8 7 20
E. colt 8
11 10 0 11
9
9
7 8 34
nam (mm) P aeruginosa
11 10 0 11 9
9 10
8 9 32
C albicans
K ChLpng §m - - - - (-; khdng c6 kh^ nSng (rc che. ch&ng dwong. Ciprofloxacin doi v&i S aureus, S. faecalis. E coli. P.
aeruginosa, Vancomycin doi v&i MRSA '*',• K khong thi^ic hi$n: chung am cdn ICf
Xdc d j n h n 6 n g dp toi thieu d c che s i ^ phat trign vl khuSn (MIC)
Vdi k i t qud khdo sdt hogt tinh khang khuan, ehung tdi nhdn thdy mdu 3 (cdn hdnh cua cay
chua ra hoa d mdi trudng nude ddng) va m i u 4 (toan cay dang ra hoa d mdi trudng nude dung) cd dudng kinh vdng dc che Idn nhat, day se la nhu'ng m l u tiem nang de sang Ipc cac khang
T A P C H i D l l O r H O C - 10/2014rs6462 N \ M 54) 19
• Nghien ciru - Ky thuat
sinh t u nhien. Vi vay, 02 mdu ndy d u a c chpn de e h l vi khuan (bang 2, bang 3).
tiep tue tien hanh xac djnh ndng dp tdi thieu u c
Bang 2; MIC cua miu can hanh a cay chu-a ra hoa trong moi tru-ang nu-ac dirng Chung vi khuan Nong do toi thieu li-c che vi khuan (pg/ml)
P. aeruginosa
+. VI khuan moc; -: vi khuan khong moc
Bang 3. MIC cua miu toan cay a cay dang ra hoa trong moi tnr&ng nuac d&ng Chung vi khuan Nong do toi thieu u-c che vi khuin (pg/ml)
P. aeruginosa
+: vi khuan mgc; -: vi khuan khong mgc MIC eua 02 mau thd tuong ddi eao, k i t qua nay phii hap vdi dudng kinh vdng uc che eua 02 mau chi d trong khoang 1 0 - 1 3 mm, chdng to cao lye binh cd kha nang khang khuan d mdc dp trung binh. M i u 3 co MIC la 32768 tJg/ml ddi vdi 4/5 Chung vi khuan t h u nghiem (ngoai tru E.
coli). Trong khi do, MIC cua m i u 4 cao hon 02 l l n va chi tac dpng tren 03 ehung vi khuan Gram (+). Nhu vay, cd the nhan dinh mdu 3 cd hogt tfnh khang khuan tdt han mau 4. So sanh vdi k i t qua nghien cdu tren cay lye binh thu t u hd Phevi/a d Nepal, dudng kinh vdng uc che trong khoang 6 - 10 mm doi vdi S. aureus, S. faecalis, E.
coli va P. aeruginosa, thi m i u thu d u a c d Binh Duang cd dudng kinh vong dc e h l Idn han 1 0 - 1 3 mm, tuy nhien lai khdng khang d u a c vi khuan thuong han Salmonella typhi '^l Mgt khac biet khac cijng d u o c ghi nhan khi m i u thu ti> Ai Cap, ngoai kha nang khang S. aureus, S. faecalis, E. coli vdi dudng kinh vong dc c h i khoang 12 - 14 mm thi chung cdn cd hogt tinh khang n I m C, albicans, trong khi mdu thu tai Viet Nam lai khdng co hoat tinh nay i^i Qua do cho thIy, hogt tinh khang vi sinh vat cua eac mdu dich c h i l t t u cdy luc binh co the bj anh hudng cua cac y l u
to n h u dac diem khi hau hay mdi trudng song cua cay.
K i t luan
Luc binh sdng d mdi trudng nude dij-ng cd hoat tinh khang khuan tdt han so vdi d moi trudng nude chay. Cf cay lue binh, can hanh c6 the la bg phan chda nhieu hoat chat khang khuan nhat va cd pho khang khuan l u a n g doi rpng tren ca vi khuan Gram (+) va Gram (-). Tuy nhien, nghien cdu cho thay cao lye binh cd kha nang khang vi khuan Gram (+) tdt han khang vi khulin Gram (-), ngay ca vdi chung MRSA. S. aureus \k chung vi khuan nhgy cam nhat trong khi E. coli iai la ehung ed dp nhay thdp n h l t , t h I p han c&
P. aeruginosa Id chung ed ti le de khang eao vdi nhieu loai khang sinh trong Idm sang. Vdi kltqu^
t h u nghiem hoat tinh khang vi sinh vat/n w'frothu d u a c cd the giai thich mpt so bdi Ihuoe trong dSn gian da s u dyng cay luc binh de chua cde nhilm khuan ngoai da. T i l p tuc nghien c d u ndy, cao lue binh se 6iyac t i l n hdnh danh gid khd nang khdng khuan in vivo vdi djnh h u d n g s d dyng Idm che pham dung ngoai da hay dung trong dieu trj n h i l m triing d u d n g ho hap.
20 TAPCHi DirOC HOC - 10/2014 rSO 4fi2 NAM54)
