EH
NGHltN COTU - P H A T T R I I N L* LUANXAY DI/NG DANGVE DAO DUfC
TRONG Dl CHOC CUA CHU TKH HO CHI MINH GIA TR! LY LUAN VA THUC TIEN HIEN NAY
* TS DANG KIM OANH
* TS TRAN THI THANH NHAN
Hoc vien Chinh tri quoc gia Ho ChiMinh
• rdm tat: Sinh thdi, mot trong nhiing dieu Chit tich Ho Chi Minh ludn tran trd id xay dting Bang cam quyen trong sach, vSng manh, de'Bang xilng idng la dao dtic, la vdn minh; mdi cdn bo, ddng vien cua Ddng that sti thdm nhudn dao ditc cdch mting, la ngtidi ldnh dao, ngtidi day td that trung thdnh ciia nhan ddn. Ngtidi ludn cho rang, dcfo diic each mcmg Id dac trting han chat hdng dau cita Bang vd cdng tdc xdy dling Bdng ve dao dUc la mot noi dung ddc lap, cd quan he hinh diing vdi nhiing ndi dung khac. Bieu ndy dtidc thi hien trong nhieu bdi ndi, viet cua Ngtidi, trong dd cd bdn Bi chuc - mgt di sdn vd gid cita dan tgc. Nhiing chi dan ciia Ngiidi trong cdc bdn Di chuc (1965-1969) vexay dting Bang vedao dtic, den nay vdn cdn nguyen gid tri ly luan vd thiic tiln.
• TUkhda: xay dting Bang, Chd tich Ho ChiMinh, Bi chUc.
1. Xay dimg Dang ve dao du-c - Gia trj ly niem xay dung Dang ve dao dtic, nhung tren luan cua Di chdc thuc te, tu tucmg xay dung Dang ve dao dtic da Ly luan cua Mac - Lenin neu ro quan iiim dugc the hien rat ro trong ca tu duy ly luan va xay dung Dang ve tu tuong, chinh tri, to chuc. hoat dong thuc ti4n cua Nguoi. Ho Chf Minh Pham tru dao due dugc coi la mot khia canh luon cho rang, xay dung Dang ve dao due la trong cong tac xay dung Dang ve tu tuong Tuy dao due each mang. Nguoi viet: "Dang la gi?
nhien, dao due trong tu tugng chi la y thtic dao Dang la moi chung ta. Dang lon len la do mOi diic, con ban chat con nguoi, gia tri con nguoi chung ta lon len"'". Xay dung Dang ve dao dtic chii yeu dugc the hien qua hanh vi dao dtic, thtrc chft la thuc hanh cac chuan muc dao dtic qua loi song hang ngay. Trong cac tac pham each mang cho dpi ngu can bg, dang vien, ctia minh. Ho Chi Mmh chua sii dung khai nham nang cao stic manh va uy tin cua Dang.
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Bdi, theo Hd Chi Minh, niu khdng cd dao diic lam nin tang, cdng tdc xay dung Dang ve tu tudng, chinh tri va td cbiic, chdc chdn khdng the thdnh cdng. Tu tudng xdy dung Dang ve dao diic ciia Ngudi rdt phu hpp vdi yeu cdu phat triln ciia mdt td chiic dang cam quyin d mdt nudc co truyin thdng eoi trgng dao diic nhu Viet Nam. Nhiing ludn diem cua Hd Chi Mmh ve xdy dung Dang vl dao dire dugc thi Men rat rd trong Di chuc.
Ndm 1965, nhdn dip mimg tudi 75, Ho Chi Minh bdt tay vdo viet DJ chuc. Cdng viec ndy bdt dau tir ngdy 10 din ngay 14-5-1965'^', moi ngay Ngudi danh tir mdt din hai gid de viit.
Ban thao Di chuc ddu tien gdm 3 trang, do Ngudi tu ddnh may, cudi ban thao dl ngdy 15- 5-1965. Ban Dichucnam 1965, ndi dung dau tien, viec trudc tien Id Ngudi ndi vl Dang.
Ngudi viet:" Trudc bet ndi ve Dang-Nhd doan kit chat che, mgt ldng mpt da phuc vu giai cdp, phuc vu nhan dan, phuc vu Td qudc, cho nen tii ngdy thdnh lap din nay, Dang ta dd dodn kit, to chirc va lanh dao nhan ddn ta hdng hdi ddu tranh tien tir thang lpi nay den thang lgi khac. Doan kitla mpt truyin thdng cue ky quy bdu ciia Dang va ciia dan ta. Cac ddng chi td Trung uong den cac chi bp cdn pbai giii gin su doan kit nhdt tri ciia Dang nhu giii gin con nguoi ciia mdt minh""'. Doan kit la mdt pham chdt tdt dep hdng dau ciia pham trii dao dire.
Id npi dung cdt ldi, tu tudng Idn ciia Chu tich Hd Chi Minh vd day cflng la truyin thdng quy bdu ciia Dang, ciia ddn tpc. Van de dodn kit trong Dang cd mdi quan he din su sdng cdn, vung manh ciia Dang. Bang kinh nghiera day dan trong hoat dgng cdch mang, ldnh dao va ren luyen Dang, Hd Chi Minh biet rd, ehi cd doan kit mdi tao siic manh trong Dang, neu mat doan kit Id Dang se suy ydu. Cd dodn kit,
Dang mdi du sdng sudt de ra chu truong, dudng ldi lanh dao diing dan va dam duong vai trd hat nhan lanh dao todn ddn thuc hiln thdng lpi su nghiep each mang rdt vl dai, Idn Iao, nhung cung gap nhilu khd khdn, thu thdch. Chinh vi vdy. Ho Chi Minh yeu cdu, Ddng viing manh thi phdi giii gin su doan kit, thdng nhat "nhu giii gin con nguoi ciia mdt minh". Xdy dung Dang ve dao dire cdn xdy dung su dodn kit, nhdt tri trong Ddng. Kiln quyet dua ra khdi td chirc cua Dang nhiing dang viln co hdi, be phai, mang ndng chii nghia cd nhan, vi dpng co thdp hen, gdy chia re, mat doan kit.
Trong Di cbuc ndm 1965, Hd Chi Minh su dung khdi niem "Dang ta la mOt Dang cam quyen". Trai qua cac thdi ky cdch mang, tir ngdy cd Dang din nay, suot gdn 90 ndm, Dang da ldnh dao dat nudc, xd hgi thdng qua he thdng chinh quyin. Dang thuc su la ddi rien phong cua giai cap cdng nhdn, ddng thdi la dgi tien phong ciia nhan ddn lao ddng va cua cd dan tdc; dai bilu trung thdrtii cho loi ich ciia gai cap cdng nhdn, cua nhdn dan lao dgng va ciia dan tpc. Vol vai trd Idn lao do, mud'n Id dang cdm quyen duy nhat, thi Dang phdi that sy trong sach, vung manh, cd vl chinh tri, td chiic, tu tudng, dao dire, tri tue va ndng luc, ngang tam vdi su nghiep each mang. Xdy dung Ddng trong sach, vung raanh, trudc tien phai xay dung Dang ve dao diic. Hd Chi Minh cung chi rd cdc nguyen tdc: "Trong Dang thuc hdnh ddn chu rpng rai, thudng xuyen vd nghiim chinh tuphe binh va phe binb la cdch tdt nhat dl ciing cd vd phdt triln su doan kit va thdng nhat cua Ddng.
Phai cd tirtii ddng chi thuong yeu lan nhau"''".
Nguyen tac "tu phe binh vd phe binh" dupc Ngudi nhdn manh (bdng gach chan cum tir ndy) vd tren nguyen tdc "tinh ddng chi thuang
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yeu lan nhau" (cum tii ndy dupc Ngudi viet them bdng tay tren ban dd dupc ddnh may)'^'.
Ngudi cho rdng, day la van dl thuc hdnh ddn chii rat quan trpng; van dl ty phe binh va phe binh can thudng xuyen, nghiem tuc tren tinh ddng chi thuong yeu Idn nhau. Khdng thuc hien cdc nguyen nay ttong Dang rat dl ddn den sat phat Idn nhau, mdt doan kit, ttai vdi tinh thdn tu phi binh va phe birtii la de xdy dung tap thi, cd nhdn tot hon, doan kit hon, tien bd hon.
Ddng cam quyen Id dam trdch sii menh ldnh dao giai cdp, ddn tdc, gidnh ddc lap, giii viing dpc lap vd xdy dung thanh edng CNXH. Dl hodn thanh sii menh cao cd dd, ddi hdi ttong Dang, timg dang vien phai co dao diic each mang. Hd Chi Minh dd due kit thdnh cdu ndi ndi tiing ve pham chdt, dao diic ciia Dang:
"Dang ta la dao diic, la vdn mmh".
Trong Di chuc, Hd Chi Minh dd chl dan:
"Dang ta la mdt ddng cdm quyen. Mdi dang vien va cdn bp phai thuc su thdm nhuan dao due each mang, that su can, kiem, liem, chinh, chi cdng vd tu. Phai giii gin Dang ta that ttong sach, phai xiing dang la ngudi Idnh dao, Id ngudi day td that trung thdnh ciia nhdn ddn"'^'.
Khdng phai ngdu nhien ma Ngudi lai yeu cdu Dang cam quyen can thyc hien nhiing yeu cau rdt cu the, bdng viec nhdn raanh chii "that"
nhieu nhu vdy. Dieu dd cho thay dudng nhu dd cd sy can nhdc, suy nghi can trgng, trudc ddi hdi cap bach cua thuc tiln. "That" la pham tru dling hdng ddu ndi ham dao diic. "That" ddi lap vdi gia ddi, vdi qua loa, nira vol, khdng den nai, din chdn. Quan diem "day td" dupc hilu la cdn bd, dang vien, la ngudi chara lo phuc vu nhdn dan - raa phue vu todn tdm, todn y; tdn trgng, 11 phep vdi ddn. Hd Chi Minh cdn nhdc nhd cdn bg: "Mdt ngudi phai Can, Kiem, Liem nhung cdn phdi CHINH mdi Id ngudi hoan toan"'^'.
Ngudi cdn bd can cd dao due vi "tdm cd ttong thi tri mdi sdng". NIu cd dao diic, can bd se tir cdi dire vuon tdi cdi tri dl dat tdi su bodn thien vl nhdn cdch.
Nhin lai nhiing ngdy ddu thdi dung Dang, dl ddo tao nhiing "hat gidng dd" ciia cdch mang Viet Nam, Hd Chi Minh cung da ddnh bai giang ddu tien ve dao diic mdt ngudi each mang'^'.
Ngudi xae dirtii dao diic cua mdt ngudi can bg, dangvien chan chinb: "Ngudi ddng vien, ngudi can bd tdt raudn trd nen ngirdi each raang chan chinh, khdng cd gi la khd ca. Dieu dd hoan toan do long rainh md ra. Ldng rainh chi biit vi Dang, vi Td qudc, vi ddng bdo thi minh se ttIn den chd chi cdng vd tu. Minh dd cbi cdng vd tu tbi khuyit dilm se cdng ngay cang it, md nhiing tinh tdt rtiiu sau, ngdy cdng them. Ndi tdra tdt, tinh tdt dy gdm cd nam dilu: nhdn, nghia, tri, dung, liera"'^'. Xdy dyng Dang ve dao diic theo Hd Chl Minb la xdy dung Dang chdn chinh vi Td qudc, vi rtiidn ddn, vi toan ddn tpc. Ngudi khdng dinh: "Dang khdng phai la mpt td chiic dl lara quan phdt tdi. Nd phai lara trdn nhiem vu gidi phdng ddn tdc, Iam cho Td qudc giau manh, ddng bao sung sudng"'"".
Nam 1958, trong tdc pham Dao diic cich mang, Hd Chi Minh xac dinh: "Ndi tdm tdt, thi dao dire each mang Id: Quyet tdra sudt ddi dau ttartii cho Ddng, cho each mang. Dd la dieu chu chdt nhdt""". Tu tudng xdy dyng Dang vl dao diic cua Hd Chi Mirtii ehinh la sukit tinh nhiing khdt vgng, mong mudn ciia nhdn ddn ve mdt luc lugng Idnh dao ximg ddng, vl mdt chl dp tiiyc su do ddn lam chu. Vi ddn va vi sy tdt dep ciia con ngudi chinh Id mue tieu ttong tu tudng xdy dung Dang vl dao diic cua Hd Chi Minh.
Ngudi khdng dinh: Nhung ngudi cdch mang la nhiing ngudi "gidu fmh cam nhat vd vi giau tinh cam radi di lam cdch mang""^'. Tuy nhien, tinh
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yiu dd khdng phdi la tinh cdm chung chung, trim tupng, ma hudng tdi nhiing ddi tugng cu thi, trudc bit la nhirng ngudi cimg khd. Ngudi timg can dan can bd: "Dai hgc chi dao, tai minh mirtii diic, tai than dan"'^^', tiic la dao hpc Idn nhdt rad ngudi can bd can vuon tdi Id su "chinh tdm" vd "than ddn". Id hilt ddt lpi ich cua dan len tten Igi ich cd nhdn.
Tbang 5-1968, Hd Chi Minb tilp tuc viet Di cbuc. Ngudi bd sung ban thdo Di chuc da viet ndm 1965, vdi 6 ttang viit tay. La mgt ngudi dd nghien ciiu thdu dao quan diem cua V.I.Lenin vl xdy dtmg Dang, Ho Chi Minh hilu mgt trong nhiing cdn binh cua ngudi cpng sdn Id su kilu ngao cpng san. Khdng chi trong Di chuc ma nhieu tac pham viet trudc dd Ngudi cung da canh bdo vdn dl nay. Chinh vi vdy, ban Di chucviit ndm 1968, Ngudi viit: "Thang 5-1968, khi xem lai thu nay tdi thdy can phai viet them mdy dilm khdng di sdu vao chi tilt""*'. Sau khi khdng dinh cdng viec han gdn vet thuang chien tranb la euc ky to Idn, phiic tap vd khd khdn, cdn cd ke hoach sdn sdng, rd rang, chu dao de trdnh sai sdt, bi ddng, mdt trong nhiing viec lara trudc tien, theo Ngudi la ehinh ddn lai Dang, lara cho radi dang vien, radi doan vien, moi chi bp deu ra siic Idra trdn nhiem vu dang giao phd cho minh, todn tam todn y phuc vu nhan ddn. Ngudi cho rdng, chmh ddn lai Ddng "thi dii cdng vile to Idn may, khd khan mdy chiing ta cung nhat dinh thdng Ipi""^'. Nhuvay, nam 1968, khi ndi ve Dang, Ngudi da chii trgng din chlnh ddn Dang. Dieu dd cho thdy tdm nhin ciia ldnh tu thien tdi Hd Chi Minh. NIu nhu ban thao Di chucviit ndra 1965, Ngudi khdng dinh, cdng viec trudc tien "Trudc hit ndi vl Dang", thi den ban thao Di chucnim 1968, Ngudi lai viet
"viec can phai ldm trudc tien li chinh ddn lai
Din^'^^^K Hai cdu deu ndi ve Dang, nhung da d tdm muc khde nhau.
Hd Chl Minh cung chi rd radi quan he giua Dang cara quyen vdi dao due. Ddng cara quyin pbai that su tham nhudn dao diic cdch mang, that su can, kiem, liem, chinh, cbi cdng vd tu.
Tren thyc tl, cd quyen Iuc dl cd xu hudng tha hda. Hd Chi Minh cho rdng, dao diic Id goe rl cua ngudi can bg, dangvien. Id cpi ngudn siic manh de ngudi each mang ludn giu duoc su trung thdnh vdi ly tudng vd vugt rapi khd khan de thyc hien tdt nhiera vu Dang giao. Dao diic each mang ciia can bg, dang viln ttudc mdt Id khdng liu budc trong mgi hoan cdnh khd khan ciia nhilm vu each mang, khdng phdn bdi khi each mang gap khd khan; khdng kilu ngao, ty man, cdng thdn khi cdch mang gidnh thdng Ipi.
Dao diic each mang giup can bd, dang vien tranh dupc cdc thdi tdt tam thudng nhu sy ty nanh, ken cya vl danh lpi. Dac biet, dao diic sl giilp ngudi can bd tranh dugc su thodi hda, bien chat khi cd trong tay quyin lyc.
Thang 5-1969, Ngirdi tiep tuc viet Di cbuc, bd sung ban thao Di chucviit trudc dd"^'. Trong Idn sua chua ndy, Ngudi da viet lai todn bd phdn md ddu cua ban Di chuc. Bdn Di chuc nam 1969 neu rd: "Ndra nay, tdi vira 79 tudi, dd la ldp ngudi "xua nay hiera" nhtmg tinh than, ddu 6c vdn rat sdng sud't, tuy siic khde cd kera so vdi vai ndm trudc day. Khi ngirdi ta da ngoai 70 xuan, thi tudi tdc cdng cao, siic khoe cdng thdp. Dieu do cung khdng cd gi la. Nhung ai md dodn biit tdi cdn phuc vu cdch mang, phuc vu Td qudc, phuc vu nhdn dan duoc bao Idu nu'a? Vi vdy, tdi dl sdn mdy Idi nay, phong khi tdi se di gap cu Cdc Mac, cu LInin vd cdc vi each mang dan anh khde, thi ddng bdo cd nudc, ddng chi trong Dang va bdu ban khdp noi deu khdi cam tiidy dptngdt"''^'.
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N G H l l N CCrU - PHATTRIEN LY L U A NHd Chi Minh Id nhd cdch mang ddu tien nhan manh viec xay dung Ding ve dao due nhung Ngudi khdng "day" dao diic len vi tri "dgc tdn", khdng coi dao diic la cdng cu duy nhdt de xay dyng Dang hay an ddn, tri qudc raa ludn chii dgng kit hpp hai hda "diic tri" vol "phdp tri".
Ngudi thdy rd luat phdp se giiip cac chudn rauc dao diic di vdo nen nip va ngupc lai, dao diic se giup ludt phdp duac thi hanh mdt each ty gidc, nghiem minh.
Trong qud timh gido due dao dire cho can bp, dang viln, Hd Chi Mirtii hilu rdng can bd, ddng vien ciing id con ngudi ma "Ngudi ddi khdng phdi thanh than, khdng ai trdnh khdi khuyit dilm"''^'. Cdn bd "co bdn Id tdt" la cd the sir dung va trong qua trinh sii dung tiii "giup dd ho tien bd bdng each lara cho cdi phan thien trong con ngudi nay nd dl day liii phan dc, chu khdng phdi dap cho tai bdl"'^"'.
Bdng tu duy biln chting va chii nghia nhan vdn cao ca, rapi vdn de trong cdng tdc xdy dyng Dang ve dao diic deu dugc Ho Chi Mirtii giai quyit hdi hda vd tat ca deu hudng tdi muc dich cudi cimg la xay dung van bda Dang, "van hda lam ngudi" cho dpi ngu cdn bd, dang viln dl tren co sd do, hp se vi dan dupc tdt hon.
Khi dao diic la "gdc" ciia con ngudi thi xay dung Dang ve dao diic la xdy dung Dang tir gdc va ddy Id nhiem vu then chdt ciia cdc nhilm vu then chdt. De ra tu tudng nay. Ho Chi Minh dd dua Iy luan ve edng tac xdy dung Dang dat tdi su hoan thien nhu nd cdn phai co. Hd Chi Minh vira la chinh tri gia kilt xudt, vira la hien thdn
"ciia chu nghia nhdn dao theo y nghia ddy du nhdt"'^" nen tu tudng Hd Chi Mmh trd thdnh nen tang ciia tu tudng ciia Ddng, ciia each mang Viet Nam. Chinh vi le do, Hd Chi Minh edn dan:
"Theo y tdi, viec can phdi ldm trudc tien la chinh ddn lai Dang, Iam cho mdi ddng vien, radi dodn
vien, mdi chi bd diu ra siic Iam ttdn nhilm vu dang giao phd cho minh, toan tdm todn y phuc vu nhan dan"'^^'.
2. Y nghia trong xay dirng Dang hien nay DaihdiXII (2016) ciiaDang da dat nhiem vu xdy dyng, chinh ddn Ddng Ien hang ddu vdi rauc tieu todn dien la "Xay dyng Dang trong saeh, vting raanh vl chinh tti, tu tudng, td chiic va dao diic". Ldn ddu tien, "xay dung Ddng vl dao diic" da dugc dua vdo van kiln Dai hgi cimg vdi xay dung Dang vl ehinh tri, tu tudng, td chiic. Xdy dyng Dang ve dao diie vdi viee giu viing va tdng cudng vai trd idnh dao ciia Dang trong giai doan hiln nay. Bdi vi, dao diic cdch mang Id rapt thudc tinh ban chat ciia Dang, la dilu kien de Dang va mdi dang vien cua Dang thuc hiln, phdt huy vai trd lanb dao ddi vdi qudn chiing. Trong gdn 90 ndra qua, raac du trdi qua nhilu giai doan kbd khdn, gian khd, Dang vdn giii viing ban chat cua mdt Dang each mang chdn chinh, phan ldn cdn bd, dang vien van giir viing dao diic, pham chat each mang.
Dai hpi XII ciia Ddng nhdn dinh: "Dang ta giu vung duoc ban llnh chinh tri, ban chdt each mang vd khoa hgc, kien dinh rauc tiiu, Iy tudng dpc lap dan tdc va chu nghia xa hgi, kiln dirtii dudng Idi ddi mdi; xiing dang la luc lugng ldnh dao Nha nudc va xd hdi"'^^'. Tuy nhien, ben canh do, Ddng cung thang than chi ra nhiing yeu kem, khuyit dilm vl xay dung Ddng, trong do CO linh vyc xay dyng Dang vl dao dire: "Tinh trang tham nhung, lang phi van cdn nghiem trgng vdi bieu hien ngdy cang tinh vi, phiic tap, gdy biic xiic trong du luan, anh hudng den niem ttn ciia nhdn dan vdi Dang va Nhd nudc. Tinh trang suy thodi vl tu tudng chinh tri, dao diic, ldi sdng cua radt bd phdn khdng nhd can bd, ddng vien chua bi day lui; cd mat, c6 bg phan cdn diln biln phiic tap hon"'^*'.
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Hien nay, su suy thodi vl tu tudng chinh tri, dao diic, Idi sdng, "tu diln bien", "ty chuyen hda" trong ndi bg thuc suld nghiem trgng. Su suy thodi vl dao diic, ldi sdng, te quan heu, thara nhung, Idng phi chua bi day liii. Tdi pham va tl nan xd hdi cdn diln bien phuc tap, dao diic xa hpi cd mat xudng cdp nghiem trgng, gdy nhiie nhdi trong xd hdi. Trudc day, trong cdc van kiln Dai hgi Dang (tii Van kiln Dai hgi XI cua Dang ttd ve ttudc), cdng tdc xdy dyng Dang bao gdm ba ndi dung la chinh tri, tu tudng va td chiic, xay dyng Dang ve dao diic dupc hilu Id da ndm trong xdy dyng Dang vl tu tudng. Cach hilu dd chua ddy dii vi dao diic ndm trong tu tudng mdi cbi la y thiic dao diic, dao due cdn bao gdm hanh vi dao diic, thyc hanh dao diic, thuc ttIn dao diic. Dai hpi XII ciia Dang tdch xay dyng Dang ve dao diic thanh mgt ndi dung tuang ddi dpc lap trong mdi quan he vdi cdc Iinh vyc khde cua xay dung Dang (chinh tri, tu tudng, td ehiic), la su nhdn tbiic day du, todn diln ve xdy dung Dang, Id mdt budc tien trong nhdn thiic cua Dang ve cdng tac xay dung Dang, ke thtra, phdt triln quan dilm cua Hd Cbi Minh ve xay dung Dang vl dao due dupc thi hien rd trong nhilu tdc pham va tbam ddm ttong tung ban Di chuc.
Dling nhu Chii tich Hd Cbi Muih dd chi rd, dao diic each mang khdng phdi trln trdi sa xudng, md do dau tranh, ren luyen bin bi hdng ngay. Dao diic each mang nhu ngpc cang mai cang sang, vdng cang luyen cdng trong. Thuc hien Nghi quyit Dai hdi XII, Bg Chinh tri ra Chi thi sd 05-CT/TW ngdy 15-5-2016, vl "Day manh hpc tap vd ldm theo tu tudng, dao diic, phong cdch Hd Chi Minh", neu rd: "Day manh viec hge tap vd lam theo tu tudng, dao diic, phong each Hd Chi Minh la mgt ngi dung quan
ttgng cua cdng tdc xdy dung, chinh ddn Dang".
Ngay 30-10-2016, Ban Chap bdnh Trung uong Dang khda XII da ban hdrtii Nghi quyit sd 04- NQ/TW "Ve tang cudng xdy dyng, chinh ddn Ddng; ngan chdn, day lin sy suy thodi ve tu tudng chinh tri, dao diic, ldi song, nhung bieu hien "tu diln bien", "tu chuyen hda" trong ngi bd"; tilp do. Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uong ra Quy dinh sd 08-QDi/TW, ngay 25-10-2018,
"Quy dinh trach nhiem neu guong eua can bp, dang vien, tnrdc hit Id Uy vien Bd Chinh tri, Uy vien Ban Bi thu, Uy viln Ban Chdp hanh Trung uong" de cao ndi dung vl dao diic, vl niu guong ciia cdn bd, ddng vien. Trien khai cdc nghi quyet, chl thi eua Dang ve xdy dung Dang ve dao dire, su hudng ling cua cdc cap ity, ciia can bp, ddng vien vd nhdn dan, tao nin rapt xung luc mdi trong cdng tdc xdy dung Dang;
thi hiln mdi quan he chat che, ddng bo xdy dung Dang ve dao diic la quan trpng gdn chat thdnh thi thdng nhdt huu ca trong co thi Dang; gdn xay dung Dang vdi phdt triln kinh te - xd hdi... tao nin tdng co sd de Dang trong sach, viing manh.
Trong sy nghiip ddi mdi bien nay, cdng tdc xdy dung Dang dupc Dang xac dinh Id nhiem vu then chdt. Nhiing quan diem xdy dyng Ddng vl dao diic qua Di chuc cua Cbu tich Hd Chi Minh hien nay van mang tinh ly ludn va thuc tiln cdp bdch vd sau sde, theo do, cdn nhan manh npi dung chu yiu:
Mpt li, nhdn thiic rd tam quan trgng ciia xdy dung Dang ve dao diic. Due la gdc; lay dire lam trpng. Hd Chi Minh timg khang dinh:
"COng nhu sdng thi cd ngudn mdi co nudc, khdng cd ngudn thi sdng can. Cdy phdi cd gdc, khdng cd gdc thi cay heo. Ngudi each mang phai ed dao due, khdng ed dao diic thi du tai gidi may ciing khdng lanb dao duoc nban
LYLUAN CHiNH TRI-S67/2019
IT
N G H I E N c a u - PHATTRliN L* L U A N dan"Ba. Trong dieu kien hien nay, xay dung Dang ve dao diic, gop phan tao nen ngudn sue manh n6i sinh, yen to goc r6 trong Dang va moi dang vien. Khi mOi dang vien va toan Dang thuc hanh dao diic trong sang, dat lgi ich ciia dat nu6c, cila dan tgc len tren hgt, trugc het, se tao thanh sue manh tong hgp, thong nhat cua toan Dang trong td chiic, lanh dao su nghiep each mang, dugc q u t o chung tin tugng di theo, tag thanh mgt stre manh vo song. Hem nua, khi xay dung Dang ve dao dtte dugc chu trgng, Dang cung duge tang eugng nen tang siic manh de chign thSng nhiing mtji de doa dgn tir ca ben trong va ben ngoai. Am miru"dl§n bien hoa binh" eua cac thg luc phan dgng dn eg tinh vi, nguy higm, nhung cung khong the phat huy tac dung chimg nao eg the Dang trgng sach, viing manh.
Hai la, g ^ kgt xay dung Dang vg dao due vol cac ngi dung xay dung Dang ve tu tuong, chinh tri va td chirc, trong do xay dtmg Dang ve dao due la mot nOi dung dgc lap, khong thg thigu, tao thanh tdng thg hoan chinh trong cong tac xay dung Dcmg. Do viia la sukg thiia, van dung, phat trign sang tag tu tuung Ho Chi Minh, viia la doi hoi cua thuc tign hign nay •
(1) Ho Chi Minh: Torn tap. 1.13, Nxb Chinh m quoc gia,HaNoi,2011,tt.272.
(2) Ngay 10-5-1965, tir 9 gid den 10 gio, Chu tich Ho Chi Mmh viet tiep tai lieu "Tuyet ddi bi mat".
Ngay U-5, ttf 9 gig den 10 gio, Nguod tiep tuc vigt tai lieu "Tuyet ddi bi mat". Ngay 13-5, tir 9 giii dgn 10 giii, Nguoi vigt tigp tai lieu "Tuyet ddi bi mat".
Ngay 14-5, tit 14 gio den 16 gio, Chu tich H6 Chi
Minh vigt phan cudi tai lieu "Tuyet ddi bi mat".
Ngay 15-5-1965, Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh roi Ha Ngi di tham Trung Qudc. Theo H6 Oil Mitih - Bien men tieu sd, t.9, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Ndi, 2008,tt.235-239.
(3), (4), (5), (6), (14), (15), (16), (18), (20), (22) Ho Chl Minh: Toan tap, 1.15, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Ndi, 2011, tt.611, 611, 610, 611-612,616,616, 616, 621,672,616.
(7)Sdd,t.6,tr.l29.
(8), (9), (10), (25) Sdd, t.5, U. 289,291,289,292.
(ll)Sdd,tll,tt.603.
(12), (21) Dan theo Pham Van Ddng: Hd ChiMinh - tinh hoa va kbiphach dan toe, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Ndi, 2012, tr. 29,203.
(13) Sdd, t.l0,tr. 377.
(17) Theo Ho Chi Minh - Bien nien ti^u sd, Nxb Chi'nh tri qudc gia. Ha Ndi, 2008: Ngay 11-5-1969, Chil tich Hd Chi Minh bd sung va sita chiia bin Di chuc. Ngay 12-5, dgn 15 gid, Ngmii sua ban Di chiic phan md dau va phan vigt them cua nam 1968. Ngay 13-5, tii 9 gid den 10 gid, Ngugi sita chua bdn Di chiic. Ngudi sira doan md dau va phan Viet them ciia nam 1965. Ngay 14-5, tir 9 gid den 10 gid, Chu tich Hd Chi Minh xem va sira chiia ban Di chiic. Ngay 15-5, td 9 gid dgn 10 gid, Ngudi xem va sira chua ban Di chiic. Ngay 16-5, tu 9 gid dgn 10 gid, Ngudi xem va siia chda ban Di chdc. Ngay 17-5, til 9 gid den 10 gid, Ngudi xem va siia chiia ban Di chiic. Ngay 18-5, td 9 gig den 10 gid, Ngudi xem va sira chiia ban Di chUc. Ngay 19-5, td 9 gid dgn 10 gid, Chu tich Hd Chi Minh sita chua ban Di chdc cm cac nam 1965, 1968, 1969; Ngudi xem lai tai lieu lan cudi va xep vao phong bi cgt di.
(19) Sdd, t.4, trl92.
(23), (24) DCSVN: Van kien Dai hoi dai bilu toin quoc lan thd XII, Nxb Chinh tti qudc gia. Ha Noi, 2016, tr.44,185.
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