NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI
VVE MOT PHUONG PHAP XAC BINH DO MON CUA DAU MUl KHOAN DAP XOAY KIEU C H Q T H A P D O N G DE TAO LO NO MIN
TRONG XAY DUNG VA KHAI THAC MO VUNG QUANG NINH
A METHOD TO DETERMINE WEAR RESISTANCE OF CROSS SHAPED BIT OF ROTARY PERCUSSIVE DRILL USED FOR CREATE BLAST HOLES IN MINING AND MINE
CONSTRUCTION AT QUANG NINH AREA
ThS Le Quy Chiin", PGS, TS Binh Van Chi6n^ ThS Nguyin Duy Trinh' 'Trudng Dai hoc Cdng nghiep Quang Ninh
^Trudng Dai hpc Md - Dia chit
"'Vien Tieu chuan Chit luong Viet Nam TOM TAT
Mdy khoan md diing de khoan tgo Id nd min trong xdy dung vd khai thac md. Npi dung bdi bdo trinh bdy ket qud nghien cm ve phuangphdp xdc dinh dp mdn dau mm khoan dap xoay cua mdy khoan diing de khoan tgo Id no min khi thi cdng dudng 16 ca bdn trong xdy dung vd khai thdc than viing QudngNink Kit qud nghien cuu duac diing di tinh todn, lira chpn dupc ddu mid khoan, ddm bdo lam viec theoyk cdu ddt ra khi khoan 16 nd min phuc vu ddo cdc duang 16 ca bdn dong xdy dung, khai thdc mo viing QiidngNinh.
Tu- khoa: Mdy khoan md, tgo Id, nd min, khgi thdc than, dp mdn, ddu min khpan.
ABSTRACT
Mining drilling machine is used ta make blast holes in orde in mining mdustrv and underground struction. This paper presents results of research on the method to determine wear resistance ofcros^
''^'P^dbdofrotaryperciissivedrillfprmakingblastholeswhichareusedinconstructingdevelopmenl openings in coal mining, at Qtiangninh coal bgsin This resuU can be used to calculate and select ,he drill bd m order to ensure d can work on demand in creating blast holes which are employed to contnici development ppenings m coal mining at Qtiangninh cpal basin.
Keywords: Mining drilling machine, development openings, blast holes, caal mining, wear resistance, drill bits.
TAP CHi CO KHI VIET NAM, S6 1+2 nam 2014 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI
. DAT VAN DEMiii khoan diing de pha va dSt da tao thanh Id hoan gdm nhieu loai Hinh 1 la loai khoan dap xoay iku chir thap [ 1 ] Mui khoan dupc ch^ tao bang thep
;ac bon diong cu cd ham luong cac bon tii 0 7% den
% bang phuang phap ren sau dd mai sJc [4] Khi ihan luoi cat cd gan hop kim ciing thi mui khoan cd he duoc che tao bang phuang phap due Khi khoan, nui khoan bi mdn luoi va dudng kinh do ma sat vdi tat da khoan, dudng kinh nhd dan, gdc sac trd thanh i, neu khdng mai hoac thay miii khoan mdi thi khdng lie tiep tuc khoan duoc nixa. Su mdn ciia mui khoan ihu thupc vao nhieu thdng sd nhu. do kien cd ciia dat Ea khoan, xung luc d^p, gdc xoay sau mdi lan dap, '^t lieu lam miii khoan, tan sd dap .. Do vay, viec :ac dinh dp mdn cua mui khoan cd y nghia khoa hoc a thuc tien Idn nham tang nang suat, ha gia thanh va
;dp phan chii ddng trong viec l&p ke boach san xuat, lia chiia va tang ben mui khoan.
2. NOI DUNG NGHIEN CUtl 2.1. Nguyen tac khoan dap
a, Cdu tgo ca ban cua ddu nmi khoan flj- Tuy thudc vao dp kien cd va cau tao cua dat da, ta chon dau mui khoan cd gdc sac nhu sau: De khoan dat da mem, gdc sic ciia ludi la a = 90°, dat da Cling tmng binh a = 100° -^ 110° va dat da Cling a = 120°.
Dau khoan cd luoi d^ng chO thap diing de khoan dat da niit ne manh Dau khoan rdi bao gdm nhiing loai cd dudng kinh nhu sau 28, 32, 36, 40, 42, 44, 46, 52, 60, 65, 75, 85 mm, [1].
Trong qua trinh khoan, dau miii khoan de hi mdn ludi va mdn dudng kinh, cd the phuc bdi bang each mai nhung phai dam bao giu cac thdng sd hinh hpc ciia nd va phai t^o tru'dc dien tich mdn tbich hpp khoang 0,2 mm
Hinh 1: Hinh ddng ddu miii khoan dap co iu&i dgng chir thdp.
b, Nguyen tdc khoan dap [1]:
Khi dap, dau mui khoan tac dung vao dit da, kn vao dat da vdi do sau h va tao thanh ranh cd
^\hw rdng la a, (hinh 2). Sau mdi l4n dap, dung J khoan duoc nang len khdi guang Id khoan va aay di mdt gdc co nhat djnh rdi lai dap tilp tao lanh ranh mdi. Khi luc dap P^ va chi^u sau pha
vd h dii Idn thi khdi dat da trong gidi han gdc (o hi day truot va pha vd tai thdi diem t&o thanh ranh mdi San pham pha vd duoc lay ra khdi Id khoan nhd nude hoac khi nen.
Dung cu khoan tien sau vao Id khoan chi tai thdi diem dap dudi tac dung cua xung luc doc
true = TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, So 1+2 nam 2014
www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN cuu-TRAO 001
Hinh 2: Sa ddphd vd ddt dd khi khoan dap • I) Viing dap vd: V Lap phd vd:
3) Viing nirtne, 4) Viing vd Id.
Khi dung cu khoan quay trude mdi lin dap thi dat da khdng bi pha vd. Tren guong Id khpan, mot phan dang kd dien tich (gin trung tam) chiu tai trong dap lap Iji nen dit da bi nghidn nat nhidu.
Nhu vay, viec xac dinh gdc quay to hpp ly rit quan trong vi-
- Neu gdc quay co qua nhd thi phin dien tich dat da gan trung tam chiu tac dung dap lai nhidu lan tdn cdng vd ich
- Neu gdc quay (o qua Idn thi phin dien tich dat da giua hai lin djp se khdng bj pha huy.
Gdc quay 0) phu thudc vao gdc sic diu mui khpan n, luc dap P^, dd bdn nen ciia dat da . Khi chd tao may khoan gdc quay co da dupc xac dinh theo kinh ighiem (may khoan khi nen cam tay hoac cd gia)
/ung
Co ciu pha vd dit da khi khoan dap gdm cac
I TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 1+2 nam www.cokhivietnam.vn
- Viing 1 Khi nang luong dap du 1cm thi bie cua -viing nay cd dang trdn gpi la viing dap vp.
- Viing 2 La viing dat da bi pha vd bdi cac v^
nirt hudng tam.
- Viing 3 Tai day dit da khdng bi pha huy mi chi bi nirt do cac vet nirt d -viing 2 keo dai, viin^
nay gpi la viing nirt ne.
- Viing 4 Dat da bi pha vo bdi cac vdt nut cong Id ra mat tu do, vung nay bi pha vd dp thang dd bin cat cua dat da Vimg nay gpi la vimg vd Id.
c. Tinh todn trong khoan ddp [1].
Khi tinh tpan trong khoan dap, cd nhilu phuong phap tinh khac nhau, dl xac dinh cac thdng sd ciia khpan dap thudng xac dinh cac thdng sd CO ban mdt each tuong ddi, vi du nhu phuong phap tinh d cdng trinh [1].
Tir hinh 2, dudi tac dung ciia lye dpc triic P,,, dat da bi pha vo tren dien tich cd chilu rdng la:
a = 2hxg~;m(l) Trong dp. a- gdc s5c diu khoan; do.
Khi dd dien tich dit da bi pha vo sau mdt lin dap se la:
S^ = a.d = 2d.h.tg~; (2) De pha vd dit da va tiln sau vao dit da thi dung cu khoan phai cin mdt luc la
P,'P, + F.: (3) Trong dd
F„- Luc dl thing dd bin nen cua dit da.
^m' Luc de khic phuc luc ma sat khi dung cu khpan tiln sau vap dit da
F_=2.d.h.aJ^: (5) f,.- he so ma sat giaa thep va dit da = 0,3 + 0,5 2014
NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI
Til (3),(4),(5) ta CO P
•m,(\ + k)- (12)
•,m (6) 2.d.o„.(tg'^ + fJ
Khi dd cdng djp A_| = P. h; thay P tir cdng thirc (6) ta cd cdng 1 liin djip la:
A,=2.d.h'.G,(tg^ + f,J;f7j
Va cdng dap trong mdt phut la:
A^~Ph.n = 2.d.h\a„(tg^ + f„„).n;(gj
Trpng dd: n - sd lan dap trong mdt phiit.
Mat khac thd tich dat da bi pha vo sau mdt lan dap la:
V, = S,.h = a.d.h = 2d.h\tgj; (9) Nhu v|y, the tich dat da bi pha vd trong mdt phut la.
V-V,.n-2d.n.h\tg^;
Khi dd tdc dd khpan dupc xac dinh.
S.h'.n.tg"
4V^
7Z.d' K.d •-,(10)
S- dien tich cua guong khoan; S ~ K.d' Tii cdng thiic (7) thay vao (10) ta cd:
l , 2 7 . ^ . « . / g ^ d'.G„(lg^ + f„J
(11)
Tii (11) cho th§y tdc do khoan phu thudc vao ihieu ydu td' Nang luong mdt lan dap, tan sd dap, ludng kinh Id khoan, dd b§n nen ciia dat da, gdc
!5c d i u khoan. Tuy nhien, cdng thiic nay chi cac dinh tdc do khoan mdt each tuang ddi gan tiing, vi v I n chua tinh dkn bieu suat dap y\:
Trong
{m^ + m,)
I,, m^- Khdi luong ciia bd phan dap va dung cu khoan
k - He sd hdi phuc k = 0,55 ^ 0,56.
2.2. P h u o n g p h a p xac dinh do mdn mui khoan Dd mdn dau miii khoan i^ (%) dupc xac dinh trong khoang thdi gian lam viec lien tuc giiia hai lan mai sac Day la nhan td quan trong anh hudng den nang suat, gia thanh, tudi ben va hieu suat khoan. Khi dau mui khoan mdn den gidi han [b ] tbi khdng the tiep tuc lam viec duoc niia Vi vay, can phai xac dinh tudi ben cua dau mui khoan thdng qua do mdn [4]
Nghien ciiu anh hudng ciia cac nhan td ciia qua trinh cat da den tudi ben T,^ bang phuang phap thuc nghiem {do dp mdn thuc te cua miii khoan sau thdi gian khoan thuc nghiem) [2]. Vdi cac ket qua thuc nghiem, cac dd thi quan he giiia do mdn, gdc sac, dd kien cd dat da va cac nhan td anh budng khac dupc xac l&p, Tren co sd dd xac dinh dupc quan he giiia do mdn va cac nhan td anh hudng.
Quan be giQa tdc dp, luc dap, gdc sac, dp kien cd ciia dat da va do mdn khi cac nhan td anh hudng khac khdng thay ddi duoc xac dinh bang thuc nghiem vdi cac thdng sd ban dau nhu sau
Da viing Quang Ninh, cd dd kien cd f - 6 - 8; May khoan dap khi nen cd ap suat p = 0,4 ^ 0,48 MPa, tan sd dap 1880-2000 lin/ph [3], toe dp chodng khoan 360 ^ 600 vg/ph; Luc dap 80 •+
90 (kN); Dudng kinh miii khoan d ^ 42mm; gdc s k a - 1 0 0 ^ - 1 2 0 °
Khi thay ddi dp kien cd ciia dat da theo miic chia 0,1 va gdc sac vdi su thay ddi d miic 5"
Diing phan mem Matlab xay dung duac dd thi 3D ^ ve quan he giiia tdc do, luc dap, gdc sac, do kien TAP C H i CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 1+2 nam 2014
www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI
cd ciia dat da va dp mdn dupc thi hien tren hinh 3, hinh 4 va hinh 5
Hinh 3. Dd thi quan he giua f va dp mdn il khi thay ddi gdc sic a (3D)
Hinh 4.Dd thi quan he giiia lire dap Pt va dp mdn in khi thay doi a (3D)
Hinh 5.Dd thi quan he giua tdc dp v va dp mdn ih khi thay ddi a (3D)
3. NHAN XET VA KET LUAN
Til cac do thi tren hinh 3, hinh 4, hinh 5 cho phep xac dinh dupc dp mdn ciia diu mui khoan img vdi mdi gia tri ciia luc dap, tdc dp khpan, goc sac va dd kien cd ciia dat da
Vdi cac kit qua nghien cuu neu tren cho phep tinh toan, lira chpn dupc diu mui khpan theo hudng tang tudi bin, dam bao cho thilt bi khoan lam viec thep yeu ciu dat ra khi khoan Id no min phuc vu dao cac dudng Id co ban trong xay dung, khai thac md viing Quang Ninh. Nham tang nang suat, ha gia thanh va gdp phin chii dpng trpng viec lap ke hpach san xuit, siia chua thilt hi khoan •>
Ngay nhan bai 15/01/2014 Ngay phan bien 19/02/2014
Ngu-oi phan bien: PGS,TS. Ha Minh HCing, Vien Nghien ciiu Co khi, Bd Cdng Thuang.
Tai lieu tham khao:
occban dung Irong klia, tkac than ham 16 vimg Quang N.nh ". Tmcmg Bid h,c Mo - Bia chit 3]. Boan Van Ky (1997). May vd ihiii bi mo, NXB Giao thong Van til. Ha Npi
*]. Banh Tik Ung va NNK (2013), .^S„;.S„ ;>j,„ » „ j , , , M„, NXB'Khoa hoc va Ky thuit
I TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 1+2 nam 2014 www.cokhivietnam.vn
