THI^C H I ^ N N G H ! Q U Y ^ T D A I H O I L & N T H i ) XI C U A D A N G
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Ngudi lanh dao
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Uy tin cua ngmri lanh dgo ia sir liinh trgng. sff lin nhi^m cua dan vf doi vai thu ITnh ciia hg.
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di den ngudi ldnh dao khdng thd khdng ndi ddn uy tfn cua hp, dd Id sy kfnh trgng, su tfn nhiem cua anh chj em trong mdt don vj, mdt tap the vd dnh hudng tdt cua ngudi Idnh dao ddn don vj, den tap thd dd. Lenin da chi ra rdng, ket qud cOa cdng tdc lanh dao, cdng tdc qudn ly khdng hodn todn phu thudc vdo quydn luc, md phu thudc ehCi ydu vdo uy tfn cua ngUdi ldnh dao. NgUdi khdng cd uy tfn thl khdng the t r d thdnh cdn bd lanh dao duac.Ngudi lanh dao cd uy tfn thdt su thl Idi ndi cua hg cd the thay t h d cho nhidu cudc hpp, nhieu cudc b d phidu tfn nhi&m. Khi ngudi ldnh dao cd uy tin thl hdnh vi cOa hp ludn ludn ed tdc ddng tdt true tidp ddn cdn b d dUdi quydn. Bdy Id bdn chdt ciia uy tfn that su.
Tuy nhien trong cudc sdng thUc tai cho thdy, khdng phdi cdn b d lanh dao ndo eung cd uy tin t h ^ t sU, md khdng ft ngUdi cd uy tfn nhung la uy tfn gid tao. Trong nhOng nam gdn ddy "Tlnh trang chay chUe, chay quydn, chay tdi, chay bdng cdp, hudn chUdng chua dugc khdc phuc" (Vdn kien Bai h^i dai
TS. Bui Ngoc Thanh bidu todn qudc Idn thi} XI ctia Bdng, HN. 2012, tr. 174), thl da xudt hidn khdng it nhUng ngudi lanh dao hodn todn khdng ed uy tfn, ddn uy tfn gid tgo cung khdng tao dupc, cdng Idm cho CO quan, dan vj them phUc tap.
NgUdi ed uy tfn gid tao, b^
ngodi cung dUdc kinh trpng, nhung bdn chdt thi khde. Dang phd bidn Id do su nd sp sinh ra.
Trong ede trudng hpp ndy, ngudi ldnh dao cd phd trUdng quydn luc eua minh, t i m mpi t h i phdp trong quydn It/c Idm cho cdn bd dudi quydn vl lo sg md phdi khudt phuc, kfnh nd bd ngodi vJ budc phdi thue hien mpi minh lenh cua ngudi ldnh dao. Ngiidi ldnh dao cd uy tin gid tao c6 nhUng luc eau ed, nhUng thudng Id giOn^t mat nghidm nghj, ngai phdi cUdi vui trudc mat cdn bd dudi quydn.Trln mat hp bao gid eung the hien ddy v6 trpng trdch va l^y Idm oai trong chUc vu cDa minh. Uy tin gid tao c6 tdc hai vd cCing Idn den cdc thd he edn bd. Cdn luu y \h.
t u chat, sdc thdi eua ngudi lanh dao bao gid cung dnh hudng true tidp den tdm trang cdn bd dUdi quydn theo quy ludt tdm ly lan truyen (ngudi ta goi d d Id "cdi mdy" phdt ra tdm trang trong mdt tdp thS- Trong trudng hop ngudi Idnh dao cd uy tfn gid tao, do tdm ly- lan truydn, nhidu ngUdi khi trdng thdy thu trudng thl nem n^p sg hai, mdc du bidt minh hoan todn khdng cd khuyet didm, khdng cd tdi tinh gl- Khdng khi so hdi Idm cho hidu suat cdng tdc (nhdt IS lao ddng trf dc) gidm sut nghiem trgng.
Nhiifng didu ndi tren ddy ly gidi rdng, vi sao cac vj lanh t u thi#n tdt n h u Lenin, Hd Chf Minh trong sudt eudc ddi cdch mang, khi ndo cijng vui v6, df ddm, kd cd nhUng khi cdng vi&e hdt sUe cdng thdng, tinh hudng ddt nude ngdn edn treo spi tdc. Nhd khoa hoc kinh td lao ddng Lien Xd trUdc ddy, gido sU L^bM^P chi ra rSng, trong mgt tgp thd ndu mot ngUdi cd tdm
TAP CHi LAO O O N G V A X A H 6 | - S6 434 CtaOl-15/7/2012)
f€T DM H O I I A N T H Q XI C O A D A N G V ^ CdNG T A C L D X H
trang budn bue bdc Id ra ngodi se Idm dnh hudng t U 8 ddn 12 ngUdi xung quanh vd Idm cho hieu sudt lam vide gidm khodng 10%; nguoc lai trong tam trang vui v^, thodi mdi, phdn khfeh thl hieu sudt Idm vi&e ed thd tang tU 25 den 40%. Vi le ndy nen nhd su pham ndi tidng ngudi Nga Macrencd da cho thdi vide mdt cdch khdng thuong tide nhijfng gido vi&n ed tieng la gidi ve sU pham nhung chi vi lue ndo hg cung ed bd mat rau rT, vl n h u thd hg khdng thd ndo truyen cho hgc sinh tfnh lac quan, y&u ddi, tin y6u vao cudc sdng dUOc. Cdc vdn dd tr&n ndi len y§u cdu ngudi lanh dao phdi bidt xdy dung cho don vj minh mgt bdu khong khf vui vd, hda thuan vdi tlnh chdt Idnh manh. Yeu cau nay rat khd thUe h i f n ddi vdi ngUdi lanh dao cd uy tin gid tao.
Uy tfn gid tao thudng dUpc bidu hi&n d mdt sd dang v& sau ddy:
-TrUdc het Id uy tfn kieu ngao. Ngudi lanh dao ki&u ngao thudng coi thudng cdp dudi vd khdng the t o chufc t d t dUOc mgi cdng viec. NhUng ngudi ldnh dao kidu ndy thudng cd y thUe tdp trung xung quanh minh nhijfng k^ "trung thanh" vd loai bd nhiJfng ngudi khdng hgp "gu" vdi minh, nhidu khi loai bd ludn cd nhijmg edn bd tdt, trung thUe, thdng thdn, cd gan ph§ binh lanh dao. Khi phdi chuydn nai cdng tdc, ngudi lanh dao nay thudng mang theo cdc d d de "trung t h d n h ' v d i minh vd chidu chupng, v6 ve hg. Nhidu ngudi trong s6 hp dUdc de bat, cdt nhdc khdng theo quy chd; dugc cdp nhd, ddt, dugc ciJf ra nUdc ngodi vd n g u y & n t d c B d la "qua" cua Idnh dao ban cho cap dUdi. NgUdi ldnh dao ki^u ngao cd dae tfnh say md quyen hdnh mdt each dac biet. Ngay tU thdng 10 nam 1947, Chu tjch Hd Chf Minh da vach rd chan tudng cOa loai lanh dao ndy, NgUdi ndi:"Luc diJng cdn bd, nhieu ngUdi pham vao nhUng chUng bdnh sau ddy:
1- Ham dCing ngUdi bd con, anh em, quen bidt, bau ban, cho hg Id chdc chan han ngudi ngodi.
2- Ham diJng nhiJng kd kheo ninh hdt, ma chdn gh^t nhUng ngUdi chfnh true.
3- Ham diJng nhUng ngUdi tfnh tlnh hdp vdi m i n h , md tranh nhffng ngudi tinh tinh khdng hop vdi minh.
Vi nhiJng benh dd, kdt qud nhUng ngUdi kia da lam bay, minh cung cU bao dung, che chd, bdo hd, khien cho chung cdng ngdy cdng h u hdng. Bdi vdi ngUdi chinh true thl bdi Idng tim vdt dd trd thU. NhU t h e ed nhien la hdng cd cdng viec etlia Bdng, hdng cd danh gid cUa ngUdi Idnh dao"(Hd Chi Minh todn tap, HN. 2002, t 5 , tr. 279).
Theo dting nguyfin tdc thi ngUdi cd cdng Idn cd
thd thudng vd vdt chdt vd tinh thdn vdi mUc d d thdt xLfng ddng, nhung neu ban cho anh ta mdt ehUc vu lanh dao md anh ta khdng kham ndi thl chfnh Id su cdn ldi, kim hdm eon dudng di Idn cCia don vj md anh ta vUa dugc giao trgng trdch; nguy hidm hon nCfa Id hp Idm cho t d ehUc bd mdy ddn ddn "muc mgt".
- Dang thU hai cCia uy tfn gid tao Id uy tfn do khodng cdch: NgUdl lanh dao kidu ndy cung cd thd rdt nha nhdn vdi cdn bd cdp dudi, nhung anh ta ludn ludn giijf cho minh mdt khodng cdch khd xa ddi vdi edn bd dudi quydn, vl so gdn gui cdp dudi hg se phdt hifin dupe nhUng non ndt vd chuyen mdn, ydu k6m vd nghifip vu cCia minh. Do ed khodng cdch khd xa nfin ngUdi lanh dao ndy it ed tlnh cdm con ngudi ddi vdi cdn bd trong ddn vj. Xfit vd hinh thijfc thi ngUdi Idnh dao kidu ndy cd thd khdng cd gl sai trdi Idm, nhung hogt ddng thl n h u ngudi mdy; nhidu vific dUdc thuc hifin dung quy djnh, nhung khd khan, lanh lUng khdng chut tlnh edm.
- Dang thU ba Id, uy tfn kidu gia dinh chu nghTa:
Ngudi ldnh dao kidu ndy lai t d ra "hda nhap, gdn giJi"
quan chiing, tdi mijfc can dU vdo nhidu phan vific cua cdp dudi, khdng phdn ro ranh gidi giCfa lanh dao vd thUa hdnh trong cdng vific, xue xoa tdi mUc mdt hdt tdc phong lanh dao, thdm ehf "ehoai choai mdt ddn""ca mfi mdt lUa".
Khoa hgc qudn ly xdc nhdn rdng, giQa lanh dao vd cap dudi cd mdt khodng each nhat djnh, nhUng khdng qud xa nhudgng uy tin kieu ngao, cdng khdng thd vdi vgi nhU dang uy tin do khodng cdch, song cung khdng qua ngdn, gan nhU trIet tieu khodng cdch n h u dang uy tfn kidu gia dinh ehCi nghia. Tuy nhifin nhUng ngUdi ldnh dao tdt, thUe tai sfi t u minh didu chinh, xdc djnh dupc ranh gidri khodng each can thidt trong nhUng dieu kien, nhUng trudng hgp cu the.
Vific phdn chia uy tfn gid tao ra nhieu dang vfi khdc nhau ehl Id tuong ddi, vl trong thuc td ede loai uy tfn gid tao ed thd pha trdn ket hop dudi nhieu dang thUe phUc tap hdn nhidu, chi cd didu d u la d dang ndo eung thudng kfim theo tfnh t h d 16 bdt phdt.
Trong khi xem xfit ngudi lanh dao cd uy tfn gid tao, cdc nhd khoa hpc qudn 1^ da t i m ra mdt sd nguyfin nhdn:
M6t Id, ngUdi lanh dao kieu nay luc ndo cung coi thudng cap dUdi, chi can phdt jfinh md khdng cdn trao d d i . Trong t h a m t a m , ngudi lanh dao kifiu ngao n g h i rdng, t r i n h do nhieu mat cung n h u khd nang chuyfin m d n eCia cap dudi ludn ludn thdp hon m i n h .
TAP C H l LAO 0 6 N G V A X A H O I - So 434 C t i J 0 M 5 / 7 / 2 0 1 2 )
THI^C H I | N N G H I Q U Y ^ DAJ H O I L A N T H O XI C O A D A N I T
Hai Id, ngudi lanh dao d d cho rdng bao g i d cdp d u d i cung cSn ddn m i n h , do d d md phdi nd t r p n g vd nhidu khi lo sp. NghT n h u t h d , ngudi ldnh dgo di ddn han chd s i ; phdn ddu vUOn Ifin vd k h d n g thi^c su nghifim tiic vdi m i n h khi Idm vific vdi cdp dUdi.
Ba Id, ed dupe uy tfn gid tao bao g i d cOng dfi hon Id cd uy tfn thdt su. v) ft phdi phdn ddu nghifim khde vdi bdn thdn, khdng phdi true tidp t h a m gia vdo nhidu vide md chi khodt tay ra Ifinh vd qudt thdo, vdy Id xong.
Uy tfn gid tgo Idm ndy sinh m u d n vdn tfnh xdu n h u CLTa quydn, kifiu cdng, Ipi d g n g quydn li^c, quan lifiu, h d n g hdch... B d i vdi d o n vj, tdp t h d dudi quydn lanh dao cCia ngUdi cd uy tfn gid tao th) hdu n h u k h d ed t h d hodn thdnh nhifim vy m d t cdch trpn ven...
NhOng ngudi "mua" dupe ehUc vu, dui?c gpi Id "lanh dgo" thl nhidu ngUdi trong sd hg qud vdi vdng, trdng t r g n t r o n g vide " t h u hdi v d n " d d bd ra vd tidp ddn Id "thu Idi" trfin vj trf cdng vific cCia hp.
Theo tfnh quy ludt "gieo gl gdt ndy", hp bj nhUng ngudi d u d i quydn coi t h u d n g , chfi gifiu, t h d m chf khinh b i . Khi da "cd ldi to n h d " vd cdm thdy k h d md t d n tai dupe d noi day, hg lai g i d m d n bdi "5 chgy"
ndi trfin, bd ra ft tidn chay tidp...Cd kfi chay giai, chay ddi, d g n g vdo phdp ludt, roi vdo v d n g lao 1^, cudi ciing vdn chay-chay tdi...Logi ldnh dao ndy Id tdc nhdn true t i d p Idm muc rudng t d chUc b d mdy va cdn bd...
M o t v d i g i i i p h a p c h i n h d d n
-Vific ddu tifin Id t r o n g d j p hpc tdp vd t h u c hidn Nghj quydt Trung UOng 4 Mpt sS v d n H dp bdch vexdy dUng Ding hien nay, t h l m d t t r o n g nhOfng vific quan t r p n g la phdi tidn hdnh ddnh gid Igi d ^ i ngu cdn b d ldnh dao cua co quan, d o n vj. B d bdo ddm khdch quan, ngodi vific mdi ngudi Idnh dao t u ddnh gid, co quan, d a n vj cd t h d t d chUc ddnh gid t h e o 3 "kfinh".
M ^ r / d , lanh dgo cdp trfin nhdn xfit ldnh dgo cdp d u d i vdi y nghTa Id ngudi qudn ly true tidp cdn b d t r o n g pham vi qudn ly cDa m i n h .
Hai Id, cdn bd, nhdn vifin ddnh gid, nhdn xfit Idnh dao cCia d d n vj m i n h vdi y nghTa ngUdi bj ldnh dao nhdn xfit ngUdi lanh dgo.
Ba Id, lanh dao d d n g cdp ddnh gid, nhan xfit Idn nhau vdi y nghTa Id nhCfng ngudi cimg trdch n h i ^ m , quydn hgn, hidu bidt nhau n h u t h d ndo.
Tdng h a p kdt qud ed ba "kfinh" cho tUng n g u d i , duoc cdng b d cdng khai rd rdng, minh bach. Cdc CO quan cd t h e vdn d u n g vific b d phidu t i n nhifim de glQ Igi nhiJfng ngudi Idnh dgo t h d t su c6 uy t f n .
Tdi lifiu t d n g h p p nhdn xdt, d d n h gid tU 3 "kfinh*
Id cU lifiu quan t r p n g cho vific b d p h i d u . Khi thgc hidn b d phidu phdl hdt sUc cdn t r p n g , phdl cd cdch Idm chdt chfi, d i i n g ddn dd t r i ^ t tifiu t l n h trang
"mua" phidu, t l n h trang ddnh gid cdm tfnh, ua hay khdng ua, t l n h t r g n g vl Ipi fch n h d m , cyc bd.
- Mdi vj lanh dgo (dCi Id cdp ndo) eung phdi nghifim tiie rfin luydn bdn t h d n cd t r o n g hpc t i p , tfch luy kidn thUc nhidu mdt, cd t r o n g vi§e ndng eao ndng Ig'c Idnh dgo, t r i n h d d qudn ly, khd ndng didu hdnh. (Cdn phdi ndi t h f i m rdng, trong thdi dai kinh t d tri thUe, khdng cd chuyfin mdn, nghifip vy t h i khdng t h d Idnh dgo dupe. Cdi t h d i 'chi chd chung chung", "tay ehfim g i d , h u n g bifin rdng', phdt bidu t h e o cdc " F o r m ' cd sdn, t h l chfnh bdn t h d n ngudi ldnh dgo cung thdy nhdm chdn, vl n6 qud v d vj, chdng gidi quydt duoc cdng vide g1; mdi gido ddu ngUdi t a d d bidt anh ndi gl rdi). B l ddi vdi chuyfin m d n , nghidp v u , m d i vj Idnh dao phdl thifc sy luu y giijr gin vd p h d m chdt, ldi sdng. Cung cjn phdi n h d m d t ddc d l d m nQa Id, ndng lUc chuyen m d n , nghifip vu t h l ' I d n chlm', t i d m tdng trong con n g u d i , n h u n g I6i sdng t h l lai ludn ludn Id Id ra bfin ngodi, rdt dd n h ^ n bidt. Anh t h y c si/ cd eu6c sdng Idnh manh hay anh gid v d nghifim tuc d^u khdng qua khdi con mdt "gidm s d t ' cOa 'thifin ha' Ndi t d m Igi Id ndng lUc, p h d m chdt, dgo dU'cthat su h a y ' d d rdm", didu d d quydt d i n h s y t d n tgi vj tn Idnh dao cCia m d i n g u d i ; ddi vdi lanh dao trfi eon quydt d j n h phdt tridn hay " t h u l c h d t "
- Phdi d^ cao trdch n h i ^ m cua cdc cd quan Idm cdng tdc t d chUc b d mdy vd cdn bd- Vific quy hogch, cdt nhdc, dd bat hay bdu cijf mdt chiJcvu lanh dgo ndo d d deu phdi t u d n t h e o tidu chudn va quy t r i n h chdt che, n h u n g neu vl ' l y do gl do'ma Idm nhat nhda tifiu chudn, Idm m d mjt quy trinh t h l chdc chdn sfi khdng t h d chpn dting dupc ngUdi lanh dgo tdl, dUc. Hon nUa, ngudi Idm cdng tdc to chUc phdi Id ngUdi cd trdch nhifim cao cd, nSm
"sinh menh chfnh t r j ' cOa t a t ed cdc logi cdn b6, nhdn vifin, vifin chUc t r o n g c d quan, don vj, bdi t h d chfnh hp phdi Id ngUdi t r o n g sdng da trong sdng, cdng t d m ciia cdng t d m , bdn ITnh da ban linh, trf t u e cCia trf t u d , cdng m i n h cCia cdng minh...
Cd n h u vdy m d i lya chpn duoc nhiifng ngUdi d5m nhifim dUdc cdc chijfc d a n h lanh dao t r o n g mdi bo phdn ciia g u d n g mdy co quan. Vd khi d d bo may m d i duoc van hdnh chay d d u , fim t h d m . . . a
TAP CHf LAO e d N G V A X A H d l - S6 434 (tCrOl-15/7/20ia
