THUY HAI SAN TINH BA RIA - VUNG TAU Ttr NAM 1991 DEN 2010
NGUYEN HUY PHU'ONG «
Tdm tdu Bdi viSi ldm ro nhdn td'tdc dgng dSh sUphdt triin kinh t^tU nhdn trong ngdnh thuy hdi sdn dia phiMng; khdi quat thdnh qud phat triin ngdnh thuy hdi sdn tmh Bd Ria - VUng Tdu giai doan 1991 den 2010; trong do, neu bat sU dong gop cua hd kinh tegia dinh vd doanh nghiip tU nhdn, gop phdn ldm cho Bdng bp, chinh quyin, cdc ban ngdnh vd nhdn ddn dia phitcfng nhdn thiic ro hdn vi
tri, vai trb cua kinh tetu nhdn trong ngdnh thuy hai sdn, gdp phdn phdt triin ngdnh thuy hdi sdn dia phumg ngdy cdng ldn manh,
TU khda: Lich sit phdt triin; kinh titU nh&n; thdy hdi sdn; Bd Ria - Vdng Tdu; giai ddan 1991 din 2010,
Abstract: Tkis article clarified factors that influenced tke development of private economy in the local maritime industry. The author summarized achievements ofthe maritime industry ofBa Ria - Vung Tau province from 1991 to 2010, highlighting the contribution of family business and private corporations in order to kelp local autkorities acknowledge the role of private economy in the maritime industry.
Keywords: History of development; private economy; maritime; Ba Ria - Vung Tau province; 1991- 2010 period.
Ngdy nh4n bdi: 121812016;Ngdy sita bdi:20} 10l2016;Ngdy duyit ddng bdi: 2011112016,
1. Nhutng n h a n to t a c ddng dgn stf ph&t trie^n k i n h t e tU n h a n t r o n g nganh t h u y h a i san t i n h Ba Ria Vung Tfiu
Ba Ria - Viing T&u la tinh co dieu kifin thu^n 10 eho sU phat triln nganh thuy hai san. Vl tri dia 1^, phia Nam eua tinh tifip giap vfii Biln Dong, dudng hh hiin d^i 305 km, nhi^u cita sdng, ci(a hien, quan 1^
khoang 100 nghin km^ th^ra luc dia Nam Bien Dong, Biln B^ Ria - Vung T^u thu6c v i ^ g biln b phia dong Nam B6, dSy \k khu vUc c6 trfl lUdng hai san kha 16n, chi^m 40%^^' trfl lUdng ca, torn biln Viet Nam.
Trong do vtog biln dia phUdng quan ly c6 h ^ g tr&m loM hai san, kha ndng cho
phep khai thac hai san cac lo^i ISn d^n 200 nghin t^n/nam^^v.v..- Nghe khai thac hai san cua dia phUdng dUdc hinh thiinh txi h^ng tram n^m, ngUcli dfin s & ^ ven bi§n r£ft gi^u kinh nghiem khai thac hai san. M6t b6 ph^n ngUcii dan sinh s6hg tai eae dia phudng g^n biln trong tmh da s6m 1km quen v6i biln, dong tau, ghe thuyin di khai thac hai san n@n da hinh thknh nganh khai thac hai san trong ed c^u kinh t^ cua dia phUdng. Date bi^t, Dang b^,
NHANLVIC KHOA HQC X A H 9 I
^ TS, V&n phong tinh uy, tinh Ba Rja- Vung TUu.
"^ Thgich PhiJcJng, Nguyin Trong Minh (2005), Bia chi Eti R}a - Vung TOu, Nxb. Khoa hoc xa h0i, Hft N?i, tr,400.
^ Thgich Phildng, Nguyin Trong Minh (2005), B\a chi Bd Ria' Vung Tdu, TTdd, tr.40.
sti 2-2917
NGUYEN HUY PHU'ONG ehinli quyen tinh lufin coi trong phat trien dUng phUdng hUdng phat tri^n; "Tang ngknh thuy hai san, xae dinh la nganh the cudi^ nang lUc vk hifiu qua khai thac hai manh, tao moi dieu ki§n de doanh nghiep san xa bd. Khuydn khich eae thanh ph^n tu nhan, hfi gia dinh phat tri^n. Cac dai kinh tfi'phat trien da dang cac dich vu hfiu hfii Dang bo tinh, ti:r Dai hfii Iin thijt Nhfii can nghi ea. D i u tU cac ed sd chebieh hai (thang 4-1992) den D^i hfii l i n thii V san tsii Iang ca Go Gang, dau tU phat tri^n (thang 10-2010), da dfi^ ra muc tifiu, phUdng vUng nufii tr6ng thuy san''^*. Den Dai hfii hufing phat trien nganh thuy san. Dai hfii l i n thU V Dang bfi tinh (thang 10-2010), l i n thli n Dang bfi tinh (thang 5-1996) xac tiep tuc thfing nhSit quan dilm phAt triln dinh phUdng hudng: "Phlin dSiu tkng ty nganh thuy hai san, trong tfim la d^y trong hai san danh b i t xa bd, hai san nufii manh md rfing difin tich nuoi, tang cUdng trfing va cac mat hang xulft khiu"*^*, ho trd danh b i t xa bd, coi trong san phim eh^
nhieu mat de doanh nghi§p, ho gia (finh hi^n chfift lUdng cao dap iing nhu c^u xuKt phat trien ng^nh khai thac h a i san, kh^u, "d^y manh vi$c nu6i tr^ng vk khai
"khuyen khich md mang ng&nh i ^ h ^ hhig thae biln khdi, tang cUcfng che bien xulft nhflng quy dinh cu thi, k l ca miln giam kh^u, chii trong den tieu dung n6i dia"^^*, thue cho nhflng hfi d6ng tau 16n danh bat d6ng thdi tinh ciing khuyen khich, h6 trd hai san 5 khdi xa v^ cae cd s6 san xu^t m& ngu dan phat triln i ^ a n h khai thac hai thanh IkjT^^l Tigp tijc tU duy phat triln san xa bcl, '^khuy^n khich ddu tU t^u 16n, nganh thuy hai san eua dia phUdi^, Dai trang thigt bi hi^n dai khai thac hai san h6i ldn thfl III Dang b6 tinh (thang 1- xa b6"<^*^.
2001) da xac d^nh ro hdn pham vi phat triln ng^nh thuy hai san, ddng thdi huy
** 't 1 ^ -t ^ XL V L L ^ 1 ' I. *^ Dang b6 tinh B^ Ria - Vung T^u (1996), V&n kiin
dong nguon lUc cua cac thanh phan kinh ^^. fj^^ ^ ^^^ ^, ^ ^ _ ^ . ^ ^.^ J;^ ^^^^^'l^
t^ trong d6 e6 kinh te tU nhan (KTTN) dau t^i Xi nghidp in tdng hdp Bao B^ Ria • Vung TAu, Ba tu phat txiln nganh th^y hdi sdn dia S^oilfbl'S^^
phUdng; '*Khao sat vk \kp quy hoach nu6i Bai hdi Bdng bd dnh Bd Ria - VUng Tdu l&n th^ il, trfing thuy sin; diy manh danh b i t xa bd, "S^C^u^^^ B6 Rja - Vung Tftu (2001). Vdn kiin phkt triln cac loai hinh dich vu bao quan Bai h^i D&ng b6 tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu lin thmil, san p h i m danh b i t xa bd"^^ v^ "khuyfi'n B^^'^^vcS^^kl" tSi^S. ^^° ^^ ^^ ' ^*^^ '^^"'
khieh cac thanh phin kinh te diu tU vao '«Dang b^ tinh Ba Rja - Vung Tau (2001), Van kiin Bai
linh vuc che' bifi'n hai san"(«>. Dai hfii Dang ^ i ? 4 ^ b6 tinh Ba Ria • vans Tau i4n tha in. md, bo tinh ldn thli IV (thang 12-2005) n@u ^ Dang b6 tinh B& Ria • Vung TAu (2006), Vdn ki4n
^u,'. 4™*,*«™«UA+ + ^ ^ « >^»A»U <^U,VrK5n =,S« Dai h$i Bang bd tinh Bd Ria ' VUng Tdu ldn tha IV,
chu tnidng phat tngn ng&nh thuy hai san, ^^ ^ ^ ^^^^^ ^ ^^^ j ^ ^ ^.^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^^
khong chi Ih ng&nh kinh te cua (fia Ba R;a • Vung T&u, tn29.
phU<Mg mk con l i trung Mm c i a l i u vUc l ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ t J ^ ^ ^ - ^ J l i S r i L ^ i t ? Dong Nam B6 v& ca nU6c, n i n de mue Tidd, tr.30.
tieu: ' ^ a y d ^ g p M t triln tinh Ba Ria • ; ^ « J ^ ^ - ^ ^ ^^Xl^%
Vung Tau trd th^nh mfit trong nhflng ivdrf,'tr.29.
t m n g tam h a i s i n cua khu vUc va ca I ^ , T ^ ' ^ t ! ^ ' ^ ^ ' I ^ ' v - " * T i V ' ^ / > t
° Bai h6i Bang bd ttnh Ba Ria • Vung T&u lan thU V,
nUdc"^. Dong thdi, dia phUdng da xay TYtW, tr.29.
stf 2-2017 NH&N VS^ KHOA HOC X& H$l
D6 la dong lUe 16n giiip ngudi dan, bUdc p h a t t r i l n dai, d6ng b6 vk dat hi@u doanh nghiep manh dan ddu t u ngu6n qua, d6ng g6p v&o sU p h a t t r i l n kinh t^ - v&i, tigp thu nhflng tigii b6 khoa hoc - ky xa h6i cua tinh-
thu&t v& tich luy kinh nghiem danh b&t, Khai tkdc hdi sdn: N&m 1991-2010, s6' nu6i tr6ng v& che bieh t h u y hai san v.v.,. lUdng t&u t h u y i n , san lUdng khai thac v&n dung trong hoat dong san xu&'t, che thuy hai san ng&y c&ng tang, To&n tinh co bi^n san phdm thuy hai san, g6p phdn ddy hdn 4,734 t&u t h u y i n , san lUdng khai thac nhanh sU phat t r i l n ng&nh thuy hai san len dgn 2.718,5 nghin tSh hai san, ting cua dia phUdng. gia tri san xu^t dat 27-286 ty d6ng. Trong 2. T h a n h q u a p h a t t r i l n k i n h t ^ tU d6, n a m 1991-2000, dong m6i 938 t&u n h a n t r o n g n g a n h t h u y h a i s a n d t i n h ca**^**^^^*, n&ng tdng l§n 3.374 t&u thuyen, B a R i a - V u n g T a u san lUdng khai thae 1& 865,5 nghin
Trudc nam 1991, ng&nh thuy hai san tSh"^''^^^\ dat ty le gdn 32% t i n g san lUdng cua linh phat t r i l n chua dSng b6, quy m6 khai thac, gia t r i san xuS^t dat 6,582 ty con nhd, san xuat g&p nhi^u kho khan, dong, dat ty If 24% tong gia tri khai thac, D5i t&u khai thae hai san co cong sua't Nam 2001-2010, tinh d6ng mdi 1,360 t&u nho, danh bdt gan bd, hieu sua't th^fp. ea*^^\ trong do co 21 t&u*^'^ dich vu haiu cdn Tinh e6 2,436 t&u t h u y i n , tong cong su^t nghe ca, khai thac dUdc 1.853 nghin t§n hdn 73.158 CV, danh bdt dUdc khoang 50 hai san<^^, chig'm 68% tong san lUdng khai nglun dgn 60 nghin t^n hai san, dat gia trj thac, gia tri san xu^t dat 20-704 ty t i n g san lUdng gdn 200 ty d6ng, Nu6i d6ng<^^>, chid'm 76% t i n g gia tri san xu^t.
trong thuy san theo k i l u manh mun, dUa D6ng gop quan trong h&ng ddu trong phat v&o dieu kien tU nhiSn v& kinh nghigm t r i l n k i n h t l dia phUdng.
cua ngUdi dSn dUdc tich luy qua trinh san
xudt, khoa hoc - k y t h u a t chUa dUdc dia **" Dang b§ tinh B^ Ria - Vung Tau (1996), Vdn kiin phUdng q u a n t S m ddu t u p h u c v u sdn f^'^'^^ ^'f,^''^^ ^t'"S^
^ y r " ' t^i Xl nghiep in tdng h ^ Bao Bk Ria - Vung TSu, B4 xuat, n6n nSng suat nuoi trong chUa cao. Ria-Vflng Tku, tr,30.
Ngugn h&ng san xuKt chua ddp flng du ?^f''i*^'?^ *1^,*^^, ^^ ^^^ • "^^^ '^^^ fi^^^>; ^f"
, . , , ^ , ^ , , -^ > . kiin D^i hpi Ddngbd dnh Bd Ria-Vung Tdu ldn thti n h u cau tieu dung va xuat khau, dong thdi //, 7Ud, tr.is.
sflc canh t r a n h eua san phdm xuSit khdu ^"* °^"e ^^ ^ ° ^ ^^ ^ ^ • ^ ^ e Tku (1996), Vdn kien . * . V , ^ , v « ^ 1 •*- 1 , . 1 , . ^?» ^^* ^^^S bd tinh Bd Ria - VUng Tdu ldn th^II, t r e n t h i trUdng c u n g g£ip n h i e u k h o khSn: Tldd, tr.i5.
' T i n h t h i l u n g u i n h&ng c h u lUc d u sflc ^'""^ ^kng bo tinh Bk Rfa - Vung Tku (2001), Vdn kien X. 4. u X - AU- 4. ^i, «fiii V l ' V ^ Dai hdi Ddng bo ttnh Bd Ria - VUng Tdu ldn thli III eanh t r a n h tren thi trUdng"*"', Cae hoat TYda, tr.106
dong ehe b i l n t h u y hai san va dich vu hS "^ Dang bo tinh Bk Rja - Vung Tku (2006), Van kiin trd khai thac. nu6i trSng thuy h i i san con ^ % ^ t ^ *^''"'' ^ " ^ ^ ' ^^^ ^ " '"" ""^^' t h u c5ng, sd k h a i v.v... "•" Dang bo tinh Ba Rja - Vung Tau (2015), Vfin kiSn
Nam 1991 Dang b6, chinh quyin tinh ^^[^^^^b^^nhBaRm. Vung T&u ldn mvi, 11.3 i- 1- * . .- \\ ^ . . .. In tai Xl nghiep m tSng h<n) Bao Ba Ria - VQng Tau, khang dinh day la the m^nh cua dia Ba Ria • Vung xau. tr.27.
phUdng va nganh t h u y hai san cua tinh "" ^^"^ **^ tinh Ba R;a - Vung Tau (2006). Vdn kiSn X __ _ ° , ^ , . t . > , Baih^i Bing b$ tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tau l&n thti N, g6m: Khai thac, che bi6n, nuoi tr6ng thuy Tldd, tr.ies.
san va cac dieh vu h a u cdn. Vi vky, n&m "^ ^^'^s bo tmh Ba Ria - VQng Tau (2006), Van kiin 1Q01 o m n - u'^-u* i . ' - ' i i..^ B^i hgi Bdng b^ Hnh Ba Ria • Vung Ttu ldn thviIV, 1991-2010, nganh t h u y hai san c6 nhQng ndd. tr.168
N H A N LUIC KHOA HOC XA Hdi so 2-2917
NGUYEN HUY PHU'ONG Ch^'bigh thuy kdi sdn: TU nhigu t h ^ k y 1991-2010, san lUdng nuoi tr6ng thuy hai tru6c, ngU&i dan Ba Ria - Vung Tau quen san cua dia phUdng dat g ^ 106 nghin tan.
vdi each ehe bign t h u y s a n t h u cfing nhu: Trong do, nam 1991-2000, san lUdng thu muoi, phdi khfi, lam nU6c m a m tU ea cdm. dUde m6i ehi 8.46 nghin taii'^^^ chiein g i n ca nue v a lam mam.v.v... Viec sxt dung 8% tdng san lUdng, n a m 2001-2010,- san may mfie hign dai trong k h a u c h ^ bien lUdng dat dUdc da l a 97,4 nghin tgh'^®, t h u y hai san dUde n h i i u doanh nghifip t u chiem trfin 80% tdng san lUdng. Cd cau san n h a n sxt dang trong thdi gian gan dSy va ph^m nufii tr6ng iiiuy hai san da dang, ngay cang tar5 nfin pho' bien d6i vfii ho gia gdm: nufii torn sii theo lunh thUe quang (finh v a doanh nghiep s a n xutft, kinh canh hoac quang canh cai ti^n, nuoi ca ldng doanh m a t hang t h u y hai san. SdlUdng be, nuoi nggc trai, ddi mdi. v.v... Dia ban tap doanh nghifip che bien t h u y hai san i ^ a y trung nuoi trdng chu yfiu cl Long Sdn, Go c ^ g tang, n a m 1992, cfi 6 doanh nghifip Gang thufie t h a n h phfi' Vung Tau, thanh chfi' hi&a t h u y h a i s a n x u ^ t kh£u. efing phd Ba Ria, huyfin Xuyen Moc, Dat Do, su^t 20 ta'njmdi ngay, &in n a m 2001, cfi 40 Long Di^n. Mot so' dia phUdng cua tinh, doanh nghifip*^"*, cong sulit lfin dgn h a n g ngUcfi d^n manh dan dau t u nuoi theo hinh t r a m tain, t h a n h p h ^ m mfii ngay. N a m thtic trang trai. Nam 2010, tinh da phat
1991-2010, san lUdng xu^t k h ^ u dat hdn trien 175 t r a n g trai'^^ nufii trdng thuy hai 738 nghin tan^^i'-tsa). N a m 2001, kim ngach san, sxi dung 1.352 ha dien tich mat nUfic.
xutft k h i u d a t 35 trifiu dfin 40 trifiu USD, von diu txi hdn 158 t y ddng, gia tri san n a m 2010 t a n g den 100 trieu USD. Thi p h i m hang hoa d^t hdn gan 188 ty ddng.
trUcii^xuai k h i u chu yeu N h a t Ban, Hka. Dick uu hdu cdn nghe cd: Nhidu dia Qufic, Singapore, DM Loan va Trung Qufi'c phUdng trong t i n h h a n h n g h i danh bat va mot sd nU6e chau Au. Ngoai ra, cfin efi t h u y hai san d i u xdy dUng cd s3 chuyfin h a n g t r a m cd sh che' bien t h u y hai san co' dong mfii va siia ehUa t a u thuydn nham quy mfi vrta v a nho, t h u h u t h a n g ehuc phue vu n h u c^u stta chiia t a u thuyen cua nghin hfi gia <finh t h a m gia lao dfing. Mfii
nam, cac cd sh c h i b i i n cung c^Tp cho t h i .^ Bfing ba tinh Ba Eia - VOng-Tau (2OO6). Van kiin
trudng trong tinh va ngoai tinh hang ehuc Bg.i hdi Bang bd ttnh Ba Ria - Vung Tdu ldn tha IV,
trieu lit nude m ^ , h a n g chue nglun ta'n ^fi',^^'^}?-, ^ „ , ^. , , . ^ , „„„,, „ , ^.,
' ^ • ^'1 Dang b6 tinh Ba Eia • Vung Tku (2001), Vdn kiSn c a , tfim, mUc k h o , bfit e a . Bai hdi Bdng bd tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu ldn thU UI,
Nudi trong thuy hdi sdn: Nam 1991- ' ^ \ t^ioe.
^ . * , , , , . , '^^ Dang bo tinh Ba Eia - Vung Tau (2006), Vfin kien
2010, dien tich nuoi trong t h u y hai san Q^i kdi Bdng ho tinh Bd Ria • VUng Tdu ldn tha fv, cua ho gia d&hh h cac dia phUdng ng^y Tl^, tr.i69. I
* * (28)
cang dUdc md rfing, H n den hdn t r a m M D^ng b6 tinh Ba Ria • Vung Tau (2001), Vfin Ai|n nghin ha, p h i n Idn difin tich nuoi trdng Bcti hdi Bang bd ttnh Bd Ria • Vung Tdu ldn tha III.
t h u y hM s^n la sxi dung m a t nUdc ven e^fa S D^g^Ttmh Ba Ria - Vung Tau (2006), Vfin kiSn song, eiia bien.v.v... Dac biet, n a m 2001- Bai h^i Bdng bd tinh Bd Ria • Vung Tdu Hn thafv, 2010, ngudi dan cac dia phUdng da md S ^ ' j ^ J ^ ^ g h i ^ p , , PH,t triln n6ng than tuih Ba r6ng di^n tich nu6i trong t h u y hai san len Ria - Vung T£iu (2010), Bdo cdo sd'88JSNN-NT ngdy dgn 86,7 nghin ha<^^, S a n lUdng nuoi^trong ^^"^ vicdcduMnh tivd cdc thdnhphdn kinh titrong
, ^ ^ ' nSng nghiip - Thiic trang vd giai phdp, Bh^a-Yvjig
t h u y san t h u dUdc ngay eang tang. N a m Tau, tr.6.' ' '
sA 2-2017 NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi
ngU dfin trong tinh va mfit sd tinh ban nhU: nghin ha di$n tich mat nUdc dUdc diing Binh Dinh, Khanh Hfia. Tiin Giang.v.v... nufii trdng thuy hai san.
Nam 2010 cfi hang ehuc cd sd dong tau Gop p h i n chuyin dich cd cSu kinh te thuyin tU nhfin. Hing nam, cac cd sd dfing nfing nghifip, nfing thfin theo hUdng san tfiu thuyin tu nhfin c6 the ddng mdi hang xufi't hang hda va lam cho nhilu vung qufi tram tau thuyin, sxia ehUa hang nghin dfi'i mdi. Su phfit trien KTTN trong nganh tau thuyin cae loEii. Tinh cung c6 nhiiu thuy hai san lam cho ngfinh nfing nghiep cang ca ldn. dly du dich vu hfiu cln dap tinh phfit tridn theo hudng da dang, gdm tJtng nhu clu tau thuyin, nhu: Thfinh phd nfing - lfim - ngU nghiep va nuoi trdng Viing Tau cd cum eang h Phudng 5, dai thuy san. San phim nong nghifip cung lOOm. tiip nhfin tau thuyfi'n trong tai tU iing ra thi trUdng khfing chi la san phim 50 tg&i din 70 tfi'n; cum cang Cat Ld, dai cfi ngudn gfic tiX trdng trot, ttoig cfi thUdng 200m, tidp nhan tau cd trrag tai dfin 1.000 hifiu trfin thi trUclng nhu: cao su, ca phfi, tfin. Huyfin Long Difi^n cfi eum cang PhUde hat difi'u.v.v... ma con eo ngudn go'c txi nuoi Tinh, dai 300m. tiip nhan tau ca cd trong trdng, khai thac thuy san nhU: cac san tai tii 100 tfin den 150 tfih. Huyfin Cfin phim ehe biin tii tfim, mUc, ca.v.v..., nfin Dao CO cum cang Bfi'n Dim, dai 200m, tiip cd cfi'u nfing p h i m da dang, cd thd dap Ung n h | n tau trpng tai 1.000 nghin tab din nhu clu phong phu cua ngudi dfin nhieu 1.500 tfih*^'*. De' cung cfi'p nUdc dfi cho cfic viing mie'n trong tinh vfi ngofii tinh.
tau thuyin danh bat ca, tinh cfi 67 cd sd Gop p h i n tang tong san phim, tang san xu^lt, mfii nam cung cfi'p tren mot thu ngfin sach va tang kim ng^ch xu^t t " ^ " * ^ - _ k h i u cua dia phUdng. Gia tri san xua't
^ Kmh t i tu nhan trong ngfinh thuy hai ngfinh thuy hai san cua dia phUdng lfin san da gfip p h i n quan trong vao thfinh dfi'n hang chue nghin ty ddng, hang ehuc qua phat tridn kinh t i - xa hfii cua dia nghin t^n hang thuy hai san dUdc xufi't phUdng. Khdi day, phfit huy ngudn lUe cua khiu, thu v i eho ngfin sfich dia phUdng mfit bo p h ^ dfin cU v i vfi'n, stic lao dfing, hfing tram trifiu USD.
kinh nghidm khai thac, nufii trdng, ehe Gdp p h i n tham gia bao vfi chu quyin biin thiiy hai san va mfit p h i n difn tich biin dao qufi hUdng. Ba Ria - Vung Tau lfi mfit nude c^ta song, cita bien vao phat tinh co bd bien dep, rpng vfi trai dai, trien ngfinh thuy hai san. Ngofii ngudn khfing chi cd y nghia giiip tinh phat tri^n vfih hfing tram ty ddng ngfin sfieh dia m ^ h ngfinh du lich bien mfi sU hi$n dien phUdng diu tu xfiy dUng efing trinh ha hfing ngWn tfiu thuyin khai thfie hai san, ting phvc vu nufii trdng thuy hai san, dich hfing chue nghin ngU dan ngay dfim bam vy hfiu cln nghi efi, con hfing nghin ty biin, mdi ngU dan, moi tau thuyin khai ddng ngudn vfi'n c i a ngudi dan, doanh thfie hai s i n tren biin nhU nhiing "cfit mdc nghiep diu tu ddng tfiu thuyin, mua ngu soiig" khdng dinh chu quyin lanh hai, ludi cu khai thfie, nuoi trdng th£iy h i i sin. thfim luc dia Viet Nam trfin Bidn Dong.
Hfing ehuc nghin ngU dan trUe tiip dfinh bfit thuy hai san va mfit lUc lUdng lao dong
khfing nho tham gia cac loai dich vu cho ""* Th^<=h Phuong, Nguyin Trong Minh (2005), £)(c cW khai thae, nufii trdng thuy hai san. Hfing ^Jt' ^""^ ^^"' ^'"'- ^°' ' ' ^ ' ' *'^' " ' ^'''
NHAN LUC KHOA H9C X& H 9 I S 0 2-2017
NGUYEN HUY PHlTONG Tuy nhien, KTTN trong ng^nh t h u y hai cd sfi s a n xulCt, dong thdi, t h e hien sU deo s a n con khdng i t kh6 k h a n , h£in chC So' dai cua cd sd san x u a t trU6c bien dong cua lUdng tku ca cdng suiLt ldn, t r a n g bi ngU cu t h i trudng. Doanh nghiep, cd sd s a n xu^t hien dai c6 t h ^ danh b a t xa hd con it, ngU t h u y h a i s a n dia phUdng con thiSu th6ng dSn v i n dua nhieu v^o k i n h nghiem danh t i a , kh6 khSn trong vide md rong t h i b a t lfiu n a m ik chinh, Chi c6 khoang trUdng, nhait la t h i trUdng xuS^t kh^u,
45%^^ tong s^ t a u c u a dia phUdng co t h e Trtnh d6 c6ng ngh$, t r a n g thi^t bi, may danh b a t xa bd, d a i ngay trfin biln. Gia moc con lac hau, s a n ph^m san xuat d a t nguyfin h$u, n h i e n h e u phuc vu nuoi ch^t lUdng t h a p , thieu sflc canh t r a n h tren tr6ng, khai thac t h u y h a i s a n va gia b a n t h i trUdng. Tinh da nhSn dinh: *'Ho£it d6ng san p h ^ m khai t h ^ c thudng bien d6ng khoa hoc - c6ng nghe v a xJng dung khoa theo hudng bSit ldi cho n g u dSn. Mot so* hoc - cong nghe chUa dap xtxig yfiu cSu san doanh nghifip chfi'bi^n t h u y hai san con vi xulft va ddi song''^^^^ Ngu6n von cua doanh p h a m v^ mfii trudng, v e sinh a n toan s a n nghiep, ho s a n xuat chu yeu la von t u c6, pham che bi^n, n h i e u hd nufii trdng t h u y cac cd sd san x u a t kho tiep can nguon vdh hai s a n thieu kien thiic khoa hpc - ky t i n dung thUdng mai va cang kho ti^p can thulit trong nufii tr6ng t h u y hai san, hifiu nguon vdn tin dung xtu dai, ho trd tii cac qua s a n xulCt t h u y h a i s a n chUa cao. Su chUdng trinh cua tinh, cua N h a nUdc.
quan 1^ n h a nUdc cua cd quan, ban nganh Vi v | y , tinh c ^ t a o dieu kifin ho trd n h i l u dia phUdng trong t i n h dfii vdi nganh doanh nghifip, cd sd san xuSt thuy hai san t h u y hai s a n con khfing i t h a n chg', vfi^ thdng tin thi trUdng, cfing nghfi, von.v.v„.
3 . G i a i p h a p p h a t t r i e n k i n h t ^ ttf NhUng quan trong nhat, doanh nghiep, cd n h a n t r o n g n g a n h t h u y h a i s a n c u a sd s a n xua't phai chu dfing tim ki^m, md d i a p h t f d n g ^ ^ S *^i trUdng, ddi mdi cdng nghfi, mfiu
' Bi KTTN trong n g a n h thfiy hai san cda ^ ^ P^^™- ^ ^ y ^9^^ nguSn vfih.v.v... Dky dia phUdng tifi'p t u c p h a t t r i l n , D ^ g bd, 1^ ^ ^ ^ t ^ ^^y^'t dinh sU t6n t^i, phat chinh quygn, cac b a n n g a n h va doanh ^^^ <^^a d^anh nghifip, cd sd san x u ^ nghifip t u n h a n , hfi gia dinh s a n xuaTt, t h u y hai san dia phUdng.
k m h doanh n g a n h t h u y h a i s a n c i n thUc ^ " 3 ' hoach vung chg- bi^n. nudi trdng hifin ddng bfi nhifiu giai phap: ^'^t ^ \ ' ^ ' ' '^^ ^f^ tap trung vd
ry £' ^Lis *• ji.-*^^.;^^ *,.w^v,« quan ly xii ly chdt thai cua ca sa che bien, Cung cdp thdng tm thi trUOng, tra giup ^ ^ , , , , . ,
, , , . L- t - ' -, jf *' nuoi trong thuy hai san.
khoa hoc - cdng nghe, bo sung ngudn von . „ i u - Z u ^u-^' i. * A. . ' ^.
t. *..^ f .* » 5^ . *^ 1 . L J L Nham p h a t huy t h e m a n h cua mfit tinh /d diiu kiin hd tra dac lUc cho doanh _ , . . . . ' . .
Ji 1 V » 1 • -?>
. ^ •> *-, ^ T. ^ t ' L ' ' CO dUdng bd b i e n d a i , n h i e u cUa sfing, cUa nghiep, hd san xuat nganh thuy hai san *", ^ \ , ° ,
• .^ • bien, quan ly mot vung bien rpng ldn d
phat tTXCftt > ' s j^
^ ^ ,. ., - ^ - X - 1. i 4 * thfim luc dia N a m Bien Ddng, nhieu nam Thfing t m t h i trUdng, t n n h dfi cong ^ / , ' . . ^ .- u u VA« U - ^ , ^ ^ , ^ . - X ' i.i_ i.*iL j ' ^ Uen, t i n h d a xay difng dinh hUdng p h a t nghfi, s6 lUdng von co vi t n t h e n chot doi ' J - & - & r vdi su p h a t t r i l n cua cd sd s a n xulft, k m h ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^ ^^ois), Vd^ kiin doanh, vi nd djnh hUdng doanh nghidp, Dai hdi Bang bd tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu ldn thU VI, kinh t i hfi trong s^n xufi't, nfing cao nfing f^,^^l, ^,„, B, ^^. ^^^ ^,^ ^^,^,^^ ^,„ , ^ „ su^t, chS^t lUdng, tfing siic canh t r a n h eua s^i hdi Bang b$ tinh ldn tha IV, Tldd, tr.22.
S(i 2.2017 N H A N LUb KHOA HOC XA HOI
t r i l n viing che bien, nufii trong thuy hai san theo hudng t a p trung. Dai hfii Dang bo tinh lin thfl IV (thang 12-2005), xac dinh muc tifiu tdng quat 5 nSm 2006^2010 ddi vdi ho^t dfing nufii t r l n g , che bieh thuy hai san dia phUdng: *T)au tU mdi cac cd sd ch^bi^n hai san tai lang ca Go Gang, d i u tu phat trien cac viing nufii trong thuy san"«=^ nhUng den nam 2010, cac cd sd che bien t h u y hai san con nam trong khu v\(c dan cU sinh sdhg, vflng nuoi trong thuy hai san con mang tinh tU phat, n h i l u cd sd chfi" bi^n thuy hai san vi qua coi trong ldi ich doanh nghifip da cfi bieu hi^n vi pham Luat Mdi tnidng nhU xa chat thai trUc tifi'p ra mfii trudng, lam anh den mfii trUdng, cuoc sdhg cua ngudi dan va hoat dfing san xu§ft cua doanh nghifip. Tifiu bieu, hoat dfing chfi^ bifih hai san cua 14 cd sd chfi^ bifi'n hai san*^^* d xa Tan Hai, huyfin Tan Thanh xa nUdc thai trUc ti^p ra cdng sd' 6, chay vao sdng Cha Va, xa Long Sdn, thanh phfi' Vung Tau, da anh hudng nghifim trong dfi'n mfii trudng sinh thai cua ddng sfing va hoat dong nufii tr^ng thuy hai san cua ho dan, iam cho cac ho nufii tr6ng thuy hai san bi thiet hai hang chue ty ddng.v.v...
Vi vay, d l phat trien b i n vflng nganh nufii trong, che" bifih thuy hai san, tinh c i n tilp tuc thUc hifin quy hoach vung nufii trdng, khu vUc che bieh thuy hai san tfip trung, d i n g thdi XLI ly nghifim cac doanh nghifip, cd sd san xufi't gky 6 n h i l m mfii trUdng, anh hudng dfin cugc song cua ngudi dan va hoat ddng cua doanh nghifip.
Tra giup, bdo vi ngi/ddn khai thdc thuy hdi sdn trong nhiing ngU tn/dng truyen thohg cua dia phitang, cua dat niedc, nhat Id nhiing ldc ngU dan dia phitang gap thiin tai, dich hga trin bien.
Ba Ria - Vung Tau la tinh co vung biln rong, khoang 100 km^ t h i m luc dia Nam Bien Dfing, h ^ g nay, sU hien difin hang nghin t a u thuyen^^°\ h a n g chue nghhi ngU dfin ngay dfim bam bien khai thac hai san, ddng gop ldn cho sU p h a t trien kinh te dia phUdng va gop p h i n bao vfi chu quyin lanh hai, them luc dia Viet Nam trfin Biln Dfing. N h u n g n h i l u ngU dfin khai thac hai san xa bd con gap khfi khan, vi tau thuyen khai thac hai s a n xa bd cfing suS^t nhd, ky t h u a t khai thac cot yeu dUa trfin kinh nghifim lau n a m di biln.v.v..., thi tanidng ban san p h ^ m khai t h a c khfing dn djnh, gia ca b i p bfinh.v.v.,.
Vi vay, c i n sU ho trd, bao vfi ngU dSn cua cac ban n g a h h dja phUdng, n h u chinh sach ho trd xang d i u , vay v^n Uu dai dl ngu dfin d i u tU ngU cu, sda chfla, dong mdi t a u ca, sU bao vp ngU dfin cua cac cd quan chap phap t r e n bien. Ddng thdi, ngU dfin c i n chu ddng, sang tao tim cac phUdng each khai t h a c hai san co hifiu qua, n h u tao khfing khi t h i dua gifla cac thuyen vifin trfin tau, khich lfi bang vkt c h i t doi vdi nhflng t h u y i n vifin lam vi$c cham chi; tao sU g i n k i t , trd giup lin n h a u gifla cac t a u t h u y i n cflng khai thac, n h u chia se thong tin v l ngU trUdng khai thac nhieu hai san, nhiing bifin dong thdi tiet trfin biln, khd k h a n v l nguyfin heu phuc vu khai thac; trd giflp l i n nhau v l v ^ chuyen san p h i m danh b i t vao dit lien, nhara giam chi phi xang diu.v.v...
<^^ Dang b6 Hnh Bk Ria - Vung Tku (2006), Vdn kiin Bai hdi Bdng bd ttnh ldn thU IV, Tldd, tr.30.
^ Th&nh Huy (2015), "Huflng dSn ngoSi diin xa Long Sdn l$p ho sd ki^n doanh nghidp ch^ bien hai san gfiy 6 nhilm \km ca cbgt\ Bao BS K4a • Vung T^u. ng&y 31-12.
^^^ Nguygn Huy PhUdng (2016), Qud trinh phdt triin kinh ti'tu nhdn d dnh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu tit ndm 1991 din ndm 2010, LuIln an Tign si, H9C vi^n Khoa hoc xa h§i,HaN6i,tr.l04.
N H A N L V C KHOA HOC XA Hdi stf 2-2017
NGUYEN HUY P H U O N G
Ti^p tiic khai thae moi nguon lUc vfi tdn vinh doanh nghiep, h6 gia dinh hoat d6ng teong ngfinh thuy hai san vi sU nghi§p xfiy dung vfi bao v$ bien dao qu6 hUdng. Nam 1991-2010, doanh nghi$p, ed sh san xuSft thuy hai san dia phUdng dfi sii dung nhilu ngu6n lUe ve v^n, siic lao dong, di§n tich mfit nudc.v.v... nh^m phat triln ngfinh khai thac, nuoi tr^ng, che bi^n thuy hai san. Tuy nhign, tiem nfing vfin, lao dong, kinh nghifera khai thae, nufii tr^ng vfi chg"
bien thuy hai san... cua eae t i n g 16p cU dan dja phUdng v i n con rfi't ldn.
Vi thC can co thgm vfi kip thcli nhiing ed eh^, chinh saeh rong mh eua Dang b6, chinh quyin, s3, ngfinh tinh vfi sU nang ddng, sfing tao, nhay bgn cua cac t§ing 16p dfin cU se huy dfing dUde nhilu tilm nfing, nguon lUc vao qufi trtnh phat trien ngfinh thuy hai san cua dia phUdng. Dong th&i, t^
chiJte ton vinh cac doanh nghigp, cfi nhfin trong ho^t dong thuy hai san cd nhilu d6ng g6p vi ho^t ddng cua cfing dong. Dilu nfiy the hi$n 8i$ quan tfim cua ehinh quyin dia phUdng dfii vdi ho^t dfing san xuKt, kinh doanh thuy hai san, d6ng thcli, khich lfi sU ddng gdp cua bd phfin nfiy cho cfing d6ng.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Gia An (2013), 'T)oanh nghiep hai san tim each thoat khoi khd khan", Bdo Bd Ria - Vung Tau, ngay 30-5.
2. Dang bo tinh Bfi Ria - Viing Tfiu (1992), Van kiin Dai hdi Bdng bg tink Bd Ria - VUng Tdu ldn thU nkdt, In tai Xi nghiep in tdng hdp Bao Bfi Rja - Vung Tfiu.
3. Dang bd tinh Bfi Ria Viing Tau (1996), Vdn kien Dai koi Ddng bd ttnh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu ldn tktiU, In t ^ Xi nghigp in tfi'ng hdp Bfio Bfi Ria - Viing Tau.
4. Dang bfi tinh Ba Ria Viing Tfiu (2001), Vdn kiin Bai hoi Bdng bo tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu lan thU III, In tai Xi
nghiep in tdng hdp Bao Ba Ria - Vung Tau.
5. Dang bo tinh Bfi Ria Viing Tfiu (2006), Vdn kien Bai hqi Bdng bg tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu ldn thtt TV, In tai Xi nghiep
in tdng hdp Bao Bfi Ria - Vung Tfiu.
6. Dang bo tinh Bfi Ria Vung Tau (2011), Vdn kiin Bai kdi Bdng bo tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu ldn thU V. In tai Xi nghiep in tdng hdp Bao Ba Ria - Vung Tau.
7. Dang bd tinh Ba Ria Vung Tau (2015), Vdn kiin Bai hdi Bdng bg tinh Bd Ria - VUng Tdu ldn thit VI, In tai Xi nghiep in tfi'ng hdp Bfio Ba Ria - Vung Tau.
8. Thach PhUdng, Nguyen Trong Minh (2005), Bia chi Bd Ria - VUng Tdu, Nxb.
Khoa hoc xa hfii. Ha Nfii.
9. Nguyin Tufin Minh (2011), "Bfi Ria - Vung Tau thanh phd cang bien trong tUdng lai", "Ba Ria - Viing Tfiu qufi hUdng 20 tudi", dn pkam ckdo mitng ky niim 20 ndm tkdnh lap tinh Bd Ria • Vung Tdu.
10. Sh Ndng nghidp va Phat triln nfing thon tinh Bfi Ria - Vting Tau (2010), Bdo cdo sd 88/SNN-NT ngdy 24-5 ve ca cdu kinh te vd cdc thdnh pkdn kink te trong ndng ngkiep - Thitc trang vd gidi pkdp.
11. Uy ban nhan dan tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tau (2001), Bd Ria • Vung Tdu tritdc tkim thiky 21.
12. Uy ban nhan dan tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tau (2003), Bd Ria VUng Tdu htfdng tdi titang lai, xi nghidp in L#e Quoc Loc, Ba Ria - Vung Tau.
13. Oy ban nhfin dfin tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tfiu (2011), Bdo cdo tinh hinh dau tit, sdn xudt kinh doanh cua doank nghiip trin dia bdn tinh ndm 2010.
362-2017 N H A N LUC KHOA HQC X A H 6 |
