NHIN RA Nl/dC NGOAI
VAI ^ T VE QUAN LY VA
DAO TAO com CHUC HANH CHPIH O HY LAP
ThS. PHAM D(fC TOAN'
H
y Lap n i m d Ddng - Nam Au, tren b i n dao Ban-cSng, difin tich 131.944 km2; dan s6' 11.306.1*83 ngUcfi (nam 2010). Hy Lap dang lam vao cu6c khung hoang ngc6ng (bang 130% GDP), khdng chi anh hu6ng d6h cac nudc trong khu vuc chau Au (Ai-len, Tay Ban Nha, B6 Dao Nha...) mk con Ufin quan dfi'n h^u het cac n6n kinh t^ th^gidi. Hy Lap theo c h ^ d 6 C6ng hoa Dai nghi (lam quyen phan lap). Qu6c hOi cd m6t Vifin g6m 300 dai bi^u, riiifim ky 4 nam. Qu6c h6i bSu Tong thdng v6i nhifim ky 5 nam.
1. Ve quan Iy cong chiirc
Hy Lap hien co 650.000 cfing chiJc, bao g6m: luc lupng vu trang, toa an, bac sy, giao vifin; ngubi lam hcfp dong, chfnh tri gia (Thu tu6ng, bd midng...), trong do co khoang 250.000 cfing chiic lam vific 6 cac co quan Chfnh phu (khfing k^ luc luong vu uang).
Vific thfing ke sd lupng cfing chuc dupc cap nhat hang nam, thfing qua trang Web va co quy dinh bit bufic cfing chtJc phai dang k^
thfing tin trfin do.
Khi dupc tuy^n dung vao cfing chiic, trong vong 2 nam, cac cfing chiic Hy Lap phai tham gia khoa hpc tiin cfing vu. Ddi v6i cfing chlic duong nhifim, khfing cd quy dinh bdt bufic vi sd gi& dao tao, chi quy dinh khfing cur di dao tao qua 2 khoa/nam. (fhuong trinh dao tao do Trung tam Qudc gia vi hanh chfnh cdng va chinh quy^n dia phucfng (tfin vift m theo tighg Hy Lap la EKDDA) chii
ddng xay dung ufin co sij tham vin vdi Bfi Cai each hanh chinh va Van phong Thu tudng d^ dao tao tap Uung hang nam. Vific b6 nhifim vao vi Ui cao hon dupc thuc hifin thdng qua thi tuyin vao vi tii theo nguyfin tac canh tranh.
Nam 2009, thanh lap co quan ddc lap quan ly va'n d^ tuy^n dung cfing chiic (Vu Quan ly tuyen dung) thuc hifin cfing tac di^u phdi (ban hanh chi'nh sach nhu dat ra cac uu tifin; ki^m soat sd lupng ngucfi tuy^n dung), giao chi tieu, xay dimg, hudng dan va dao tao ky nang tuy^n dung cho cac dcfn vi ma khfing Uuc tiep thuc hifin vific tuyin dung. Nfii dung, hinh thiic thi (vi^t hoac vah dap) do cac CO quan tuyen dung tu quydt dinh. Vu tnr6ng phu Uach tuyin dung Ifin kfi^ hoach va kiem soat cac chinh sach lifin quan ddn tuyin dung cfing chiic, bao dam ta't ca hoat dfing tuyen dung tuan thu quy dinh cua phap luat.
Hifin nay, dang uu tifin tai co CSLU cdng chiic theo hudng giam sd lupng cfing chiic vk giam ngan sach chi cho cfing chiic. Tii nam 2010 ddn nay, da ban hanh 4 luat Ufin quan dfi'n vSh d l tuyin dung cfing chiic, theo do, c^c bifin phap du kifi'n tidn hanh tir nam 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 5 nham tai co ca'u cfing chlic do bifin chd cfing chlic hifin nay qua thfira (udc tfnh khoang 50%), nam 2010, da ngttng tuyin dung cdng chlic (chl tuyin dung cho khu vuc y id, giao
* BO NOI vy.
TAP CHI QUAN LV NHA NU6c - s6 169 (10-2011) 61
NHiN RA NUdC NGOAl
diie vi luc lupng vtt ttang). Nim 2011, ip dung quy djnh: ctt 10 cdng chttc nghi huu chl luyta mdt cdng chttc thay ihS (liy sd lupng edng chttc nghi httu nim 2010 lim cin ctt).
Ttt nim 2011 - 2015: ctt 5 edng chttc nghi huu se tuyin dung mOl cdng chttc Ihay thi (dua uen sd nghi huu eua nim trude liin ki).
Giim din sd vien chttc lim hpp ddng vi nhttng ngudi lim viec lam thdi (giim 50%
vio nim 2011); ttt nim 2011 - 2015: hing nim giim 10%.
Cie tieu chi dinh gii cdng chttc dupc quy djnh ttt nim 1992, bao gdm: kiin thttc; hieu qua cdng viec; cich ttng xtt; mdi quan tim vi tuih sing tao; khi ning lira viee theo nhdm.
Viee dinh gii edng chttc dupc thuc hidn hiiig nim, do ngudi lanh dao true liip vi eip tren eua ngudi lanh dao Irttc ti<tp thuc hien (kit qui dinh gii li tdng hop eua ci hai ^ ki^n). Dinh gii dupc x^p theo thang diim ttt 1 10 diim. Kit qui dinh gii cdng chttc dttpc stt dung lim eo sd di xem xet bd nhiem vio vi tti cao hon hoic ting luong. Thdi gian lim viec li 40 gid/tuin (5 ngiy); dd tudi nghi huu la 62 - 65 hoic 35 nam edng lac (khdng phin biet nam - ntt). Lua chpn lanh dao (cip phdng hoac cip vu) dupc dira uen cic lieu chi: bing ci'p va ttinh dd ehuyen mdn (bing chuydn mdn, ngoai ngtt, tdt nghiep ttttdng die biet - EKDDA); kinh nghiem lim viec (thim nien); ning lire cua cdng chttc (kiin thttc vi cdng viec dinh lam); hieu qua cdng viec, thii dd, hinh vi ttng xir, kha ning hoal ddng theo nhdm.
2. V i dio tao cdng chttc
EKDDA dupc thanh lip thing 5/2011 ttdn eo sd sip nhip Trudng qudc gia vi quan ly hinh chttih edng vi Trudng vi ehuih quyin dia phuong. Tliinh vidn lanh dao cua EKDDA gdm 12 ngudi, do Tdng Thu k^ dttng diu.
Tdng Thu k^ chiu su quan 1^ ttue liip eua Bd Cii each hinh chinh vi Chinh phu didn ttt.
EKDDA cd cic don vi ttue thudc: Trudng qudc gia vi dio tao hinh ehinh cdng vi chinh quyin dja phuong; Vien Dio tao edng chttc (bdi dudng); bd phin he thdng lioi, cip
nhit vin bin vi di xuit sing ki£n ddi mdi.
Ngoii ra, cdn cd H^i ddng khoa hpc gim 9 thinh vien, cd thim quyin quy£t djnh cic du in do cip dudi trinh Idn. EKDDA cd mOi bO phin chju ttich nhiem tic nghiep cic hoal dOng djch vu hinh chinh. Hien nay, EKDDA di vi dang ttng dung he thdng dien ttt, ihiK hien viec ding k^, dinh gii cic hoc viia thdng qua mang. EKDDA khdng chtt Uong phit ttiin ddi ngQ giing vidn eo httu mi lip ttung xiy dung mang ludi eie nhdm cdng ehtte quin \j, cic nhi khoa hpc vi cic giing vien thinh giing thdng qua Cp quan Ding k^
qudc gia vi giing vien.
Trude khung hoing, EKDDA ed chi nhinh lai tit ei eie dia phuong, hien chl cio Vin phdng dio lao tai nhttng dja phuong Idn.
Ngoii EKDDA, Hy Lap cdn ed ttudng ciia eic bd thue hien nhiem vu dio lao cdng chdt eho nginh.
EKDDA ed mdi quan he chit che vdi Vio phdng Thu tudng, cic bd, CO quan nhi nuiSc d ttung uong vi dja phuang thdng qua nguN phu ttich linh vuc cua tttng co quan. Mpi thay ddi vi chu ttuong, chinh sich cua Chinh phu diu dupc thdng bio tdi EKDDA di kjp thdi cip nhit vi Iham muu vdi Chinh phii.
EKDDA ed mdi hpp tic chit che vdi cic hoc vien, nhi ttudng tten cie linh vuc khic nhau di tim hiiu, xie djnh nhu eiu dio lao phi hpp vdi thttc tiin edng vu dang biin chuyin sinh ddng.
Ngoii ra, EKDDA cdn dupc CWnh phi, Thu tudng Chinh phu giao them nhiem wi dao lao khi Chinh phu cd nhttng thay ddi v^
chinh sich hoic ndi dung vi QUW.
EKDDA cip ehttng chi dio tao Iheo quy ttinh ISO, theo dd, hpc vien chi dupc nh?n ehttng ehi sau khi cd nhin xil, dinh gii cia thu ttudng don vj noi edng tic vi iit qua thuc hidn nhidm vu cua cdng chttc sau khi dupc ctt di dio tao. Tit ei cic bude dinh gii dupc thuc hien tien mang (do ea quan noi cdiig chttc cdng tie thuc hiin). EKDDA Uiin quan tim thi£t k£ cic chuong trinh khuySi khfeh cdng chttc hpc tip sudt ddi.
62 T4# CHl OUAN i f NHA NUdC • $6IW OO40III
NHiN RA Nirdc NQOAI
Tren CO sd xic djnh nhu eiu dio tao, EKDDA da xiy dung i£ hoach dio tao ehung, djnh ky 6 fliing xiy dung ki hoach cti thi vi do giing vien chju ttich nhiem. Ddi lupng hpe vien eua EKDDA gdm; nhttng ngttdi vtta tdt nghiep dai hpe mdi bude vio nin edng vu vi dio tao ning cao ttinh dd, ning luc cho eic edng chttc duong nhiem.
EKDDA dio tao theo quy ttinh khip kin, khdi diu ttt nhu ciu dao tao eua cie co quan, don vj theo quy ttinh: xiy dimg chuong ttinh dio tao - thue hien dio lao - dinh gii hieu qua qui ttinh dio lao - diiu chinh, bd sung chuong ttinh dao lao. EKDDA ttidt di stt dung phuang phip phdng vin, thie't kff cic bing ciu hdi, id ehtte hdi thao di thu thip, dinh gii nhu eiu dio tao; xiy dung chuong trinh dio lao theo hudng hd ttp ip dung chinh sach eua eic cp quan; elitt ttpng dio lao theo phuong phip hdi thio bin ttdn, toa dim (Workshop). Vdi eieh lam niy, co quan tham muu, hoach djnh chi'nh sich phdi hpp vdi CO sd dao tao dua ra ehinh sich cua Chinh phii di bin thao, giii thich, tim eieh ip dung, ttt dd, de xuit cie giii phip di giai quyit cac vudng mie. Thdi gian hpe ttt 2 - 5 ngay, k^t thttc khoi hpc sau 2 diang, thu trudng CO quan, don vi noi ngudi dupe ctt di dio lao thuc hidn dinh gii hieu qua dao lao ttong thuc hien nhiem vu (thdng qua inter- view) ttdn nguyen tic khich quan, sit thuc.
Mat khac, EKDDA edn chtt ttpng thuc hien hinh thttc dio tao tai noi lim viec (khdng ein di'u trudng), muc dich nhim bao dam hpc vien thudng xuydn cip nhit nhttng vin di phit sinh ttong qui ttinh xtt 1^ cdng viee lai co quan (n& den mrdng se khdng thuc hien dupe viec cip nhit). Hoic kit hpp mdt sd ngay idn Idp, mdt sd ngiy vi co quan lim viec, sau dd, liip Uic Idn Idp thio luin vi viec ttng dung kiin thttc, ky ning dttpc ttang bj vio cdng vide.
Kuih nghiem cua EKDDA dit ra mue lieu dio lao cho liam 2010 - 2011 la: hudng tdi nin hinh chinh hoal ddng hidu qui vi minh bach; lip trung vao cai cich hanh chinh
(CCHC) vi phin cip trung uong vdi dja phttong; ip dung cdng eu cua chuih phu dien Ift vio CCHC; bao dim sir phit triin bin vttng khi thue hien CCHC; chi'nh sich vi tii chinh cdng (hien Chi'nh phii rit quan lim);
chfnh sich xa hdi (bio hiim y li, cdng bing, CO hdi viec lim...); dio tao tiin cdng vu; tip ttung dio lao, bdi dudng ddi ngu lanh dao, quan 1^ nhim lao mdi ttudng lim viec tfeh cue, thuc diy ddng co cdng tie tdt; ngoii cic chuong ttinh dio tao hd ttp cdng lac binh ding gidi vi gittp nhttng ngttdi mdi nhip cu;
dio tao cho cdng ehtte vi eie vin di hpp tie (lim viec Iheo nhdm) ttong qua tthih lim viec giib cie ddng nghiep...
3. Nhttng due ke't ttt Hy Lap Ttt thuc tiin quin 1^ vi dio tao cdng chttc d Hy Lap cho thi'y:
Tha nhdt, qua kinh nghiem xay dung eo ciu cdng chttc ctta Hy Lap, he thdng cdng vu theo chttc nghiep dang nd lire tinh giin bien chi, ti^t kiem chi tieu va ning cao ning suit khu vyc cdng. Bii hpc thanh cdng hay thit bai cua Hy Lap trong viec cil giam nhin su qua viec thay thi ddi ngu nghi huu, giim bdt tihin su hpp ddng vu vide vi ning cao chit lupng ngudn nhin lue hpp tie qude t i (vdi EU) cung la ngudn tham khao quy biu.
Tha hai, ddi vdi cdng tie dio tao, bdi dudng cdng chttc, Hy Lap khdng to ehtte tuyin dung va dio tao ehung (d cip trung ttong). Trung uong tip ttung vio hoach djnh, hudng din vi kiim tta chfnh sach, nhung ed thi hpe hdi vide td ehtte cung ttng dio lao cua EKDDA, die biet ttong viec hpp tie dio tao hpe vien qudc ti. Trung tim niy cd mdi quan he vdi cic CO quan trung uong cua Hy Lap, cie eo sd dao lao ngudn nhin luc vi cic ttirdng Idn cua nliiiu nudc Idn. Cd ihi eft cic cdng ehtte, vien chttc quin 1^ dio lao vi cic giing vien dio tao edng vu ctta Viet Nam sang hoc lip mdt sd khoi ngin ngiy tai EKDDAQ '
Ngu6n: Bdo cdo cua Doan cdng tdc cda Bd Ndi vu tai Cdng hod Hy Lap va Uen bang Thuy Sy ttt ngay 01/7-12/7/2011.
T«P CHi QUAN I * NHA NUdC - S6 189 (10-2011) 63
