Chinh sach I Policy
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Nhung thach thuc c u a q u a tiinh c c cau lai n e n kinh te
De CO ciu lai nen kinh te, trudc tien, phai co he thong tu duy moi v^ phat trien d i t nude phij hgp vdi thdi ky mdi.
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idn nay, nirde ta dang tap tmng sue vao nhidm vy eo eau lai nen kinh td gdn vdi ddi mdi md hinh tang trudng, chuydn tir phat tridn chu ydu dya vao dau tu trong dd dau tu cdng chid'm phan quan trgng song hidu qua thdp, dua vao lao ddng ddi dao nhung chat lugng kdm, dya vao khai tdc tai nguydn thd, gid re, sang phdt tridn dua vao nang sudt, chdt lugng, hidu qud vdi nang luc canh tranh cao. Ndi each khac, dd eung la tim ra mot md hinh tang trudng phat huy duge sire manh cua toan dan tdc, mgi tiem nang ciia ddt nude kdt hgp vdi ede nguon lye bdn ngoai, hinh thanh mdt md hinh phdt tridn dat nude tuong xiing vdi dat nude vd con ngudi Vidt Nam trong thdi dai mdi.Co cau lai nen kinh td, chuyen doi md hinh tang tmdng la mdt cdng vide rdng Idn va hdt siic khd
khan, ddi hdi nhiing gidi phdp can CO de ddi mdi toan bd he thdng the chd, chinh sach; thuc hidn eo cdu lai toan bd cdc nganh, linh vuc, dia phuong va doanh nghidp. Song, thue td cho thdy cd nhtrng rdo can, nhimg thach thire can phai vugt qua. Bai nay ggi Idn mgt so vdn de coi la thach thuc Idn nhdt.
Mdt la, cdn nhiing van dd chua du sdng td, nhdt tri vd quan diem phat tridn, ve tu duy kinh td. De eo cdu lai nen kinh td, trude tidn, phai cd he thdng tu duy mdi ve phat trien ddt nude phii hgp vdi thdi ky mdi. Dd la nhiing van de nhu: quan didm, tridt ly phdt tridn, djnh hudng xa hgi chu nghia; vd vai tro lanh dao ciia Dang; vd chire nang qudn ly cua Nha nude trong nen kinh td thj trudng; vd phdt huy sire manh cua todn dan tdc; vd su binh ddng trong kinh doanh ciia eac loai hinh doanh nghidp; vd vai trd ciia cdc to chlic xa hgi ddn su; vd vi tri, vai trd ciia tdng Idp doanh nhan, v.v... Lau nay, chinh nhiing quan didm, nhan thire chua thdng nhdt, thdng sudt
trong nhimg vdn dd ndu trdn dS anh hudmg khdng nhd ddn viec hinh thanh he thdng the chd, chinh sdch ddn ddn chua phdt huy dugc day dii cac ngudn luc ciia ddt nude cho phat tridn. Thd nhung, viec nghidn cihi, thdo luan de di ddn nhdt tri \d nhiing \an de trdn lai chua duge tidn hanh thdu dao, diit didm.
Chinh vi thd, vide khdc phuc nhiing can trd ve tu duy ly ludn doi vdi nhung vdn dd cdt ldi ciia cdng cudc phat tridn ddt nirdc trong thoi ky mdi cdn duge coi la tien de cd y nghia quydt dinh ciia toan bd cdng cuOc CO cdu lai nen kinh td, ddi mdi md hinh tang trudng. Vide tap tmng vdo co cdu lai dau tu, co cau doanh nghidp ciing nhu co cdu lai he thdng ngan hang thucmg mai cung ddi hdi trudc het giai quy^t nhiing van de vd quan diem, V/
luan phdt tridn. Rat cdn cd su "d6t phd ve ly luan", nhu Tdng bi thu Nguydn Phu Trong da phdt bidu tai Hdi ddng ly luan tmng uong (ngay 19-10-2011): "Phat tridn bdn viing
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KINH T^ C H A U A - THAI BINH DUONG S6 350 (12/2011)trong dieu kidn thd gidi ngay nay, nhat la tmde nhung bidn ddi dti ddi cua mdi tmdng va dp luc cua kinh td tri thuc, ndu khdng cd nhtrng dot pha ve ly luan thi khdng the tao ra dugc tidn de khoa hgc cho su phat tridn thuc tidn, cho chdt lugng vd hidu qud boat ddng ciia Dang va Nha nude ta" Nhu vay, cdng tac ly luan can dugc cdi tidn hon nua:
thuc hidn dan chii rdng rai trong nghidn ciiu khoa hgc, ly ludn, tang cudng ddi thoai, khdng nd tranh nhtrng vdn de chua dat dugc su nhat tri, khuydn khich eac td chirc tu van phan bidn chinh sach, qua dd, thu but ddng dao tri thiie, doanh nhan vao vide nghidn eiiu dudng ldi, chinh sach phat tridn, v.v...
Hai la, bd may quan ly nha nude cdn nhieu ydu kem. Bd may quan ly nha nude dang cdn nhidu ydu kem ed the anh hudng khdng thuan ddn viec tridn khai tai co eau ndn kinh td cung nhu mdi nganh, mdi dia phuong, ndu nhu vide nay lai duge giao cho ban than bd may quan ly ciia nganh, dia phuong dd thuc hien.
Cdng ddng doanh nghiep da ndi nhidu ddn tinh hinh kdm hidu luc cua bd may hanh chinh, dang quan tam nhdt la hd thdng the chd, chinh sach quan ly. Vide ra soat 16 luat lidn quan ddn hoat ddng cua doanh nghidp md Phdng Thuong mai va Cdng nghidp Viet Nam tidn hanh vd cdng bd kdt qua vao eudi thdng 11-2011 vua qua da cho thay dang cdn rat nhidu quy djnh khdng hgp ly, mau thuan, chdng cheo giiia cae luat, chua kd giiia cac nghj djnh va thdng tu, gay can trd khdng nhd ddn hoat ddng cua doanh nghidp. Trach nhidm giiia cdc bd, ngdnh cung chua rd rang, cd van dd chdng cheo, ed vdn 6e bj bd trdng; hidn tugng dun day trdch nhidm, su thidu phdi hgp gifia cdc bd, ngdnh cdng cdn nhidu.
Khdng nhting thd, thii tyc hanh chinh cdn rudm ra dang la mdt trd
ngai rdt Idn ddi vdi doanh nghidp.
Tuy Qe dn 30 ve cdi cdch thu tuc hdnh chinh da gidm bdt nhidu thii tyc khdng cdn thidt, song trdn thye td, nhtrng cai tidn tac ddng thudn Igi ddn vdi ngudi dan va doanh nghidp chua nhidu. Ddi ngu cdng chuc cdn yeu vd nghidp vy, ky nang quan ly, ddng thdi sa sut vd phdm chdt, dao due; nan tham nhung dang didn bidn tinh vi, phire tap; ky luat hanh chinh khdng dugc thi hanh nghidm tuc.
Chinh vi thd, dd thyc hien thanh cdng chu truong co cdu lai ndn kinh td, khdng the khdng chdn chinh bg may hanh chinh nha nude: mdi co quan hanh chinh, mdi cdng chirc ddu phdi 'vugt Idn chinh minh'' dd eo eau lai eo quan minh, bd phan minh, lam dung chlic nang hanh chinh nha nude.
Phai eo eau lai he thdng eo quan hanh chinh cua ta hidn dang van hanh cd phan nang vd cai tri, can thidp, kidm tra, kidm soat chuydn manh sang hudng ddn, tao dieu kidn cho thi tmdng van hanh theo dung quy luat cua kinh td thj tmdng, thyc hidn canh tranh lanh manh, thtie day sy phat tridn bdn Vling eiia nen kinh td. Phai chuydn manh sang mdt Nha nude "kidn tao phat tridn" nhu Thii tudng Nguydn Tdn Dung da tirng nhdn manh.
Ba la, sy tac ddng cua cac nhdm Igi ich (Igi ich ca nhan, eong ty, tap doan, nganh, dia phuong,...) va tu duy nhidm ky. Day la loai tac ddng cd the anh hudng den viec hoach dinh quy hoach kd hoach, the chd, chinh sach hoac ed the anh hudng ddn vide thue thi the chd, chi'nh sach, bang each lai the chd, chinh sach hoac qud trinh thuc thi sang chieu hudng ed Igi cho mdt nhdm Igi ich ndo dd. Cd hai loai tdc ddng nay khdng chi pha vd cdc quy hoach, kd hoach, anh hudng ddn vide hinh thdnh co cdu kinh td phu hgp nhdt ddi vdi todn bd ndn kinh td; ma cdn gay ra su lang phi to Idn ddi vdi cdc ngudn luc ciia dat nude, ma kd hudng Igi
chinh la cdc nhdm Igi ich.
Cd the thay nguydn nhan cua tinh trang tren la sy thidu nghidm luc, khdng theo dung quy trinh trong vide hoach djnh quy hoach, kc^ hoach, thd chd, chinh sach la nhung ke hd dd cdc nhdm Igi ich ed thd tac ddng. Tinh trang chay theo muc tieu 'chuydn djch co cdu kinh te", thue hidn cdng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda mdt each may mdc ciing vdi sy phan cap quan ly cho cac dia phuong qua rdng ma thidu sy giam sat chat che cung la mdt eo hdi thuan Igi cho Igi ich dia phuong phat tridn. Su thidu phdi hgp giira cac bd, nganh va gitra ede bd, ngdnh vdi dja phuong cting cd thd lam cho Igi ich nhdm, Igi ich dja phuong phat tridn, eo cdu kinh td hgp ly ciia cd nude khdng thd hinh thanh. Cting nhu vay, vide co eau lai cac tap doan, doanh nghidp nha nude eung ed the bl keo dai, khd thuc hien, ndu nhu chua khdc phuc duge tac dgng cua cac nhdm Igi Ich.
Vi vay dd thue hidn eo cdu lai ndn kinh td thdnh cdng, nhat thidt phdi khdc phye nhirng tac ddng eiia nhdm Igi ich, eiia tu duy nhidm ky, tat cd phai phye vy Igi ich toan eye, Igi ich tdi cao cua ddt nude.
Diing nhu Tdng Bi thu Nguydn Phu Trgng da phat bidu khi kdt luan Hdi nghi lan thii ba eiia Trung uong Dang khoa XI (ngay 10-10-2011):
"Chidn luge, quy hoach, kd hoach va chinh sach ddu tu phai ed tam nhin xa, khdng bj "tu duy nhiem ky", tu tudng eye bd, bdnh thanh tich, chu quan duy y chi hay "Igi ich nhdm" ehi phdi" Can thuc hidn viec cdng khai, minh bach vd trach nhidm giai trinh cua ede eo quan nha nude ddi vdi todn bd boat ddng cua bd mdy, qua dd thu hut sy tham gia eiia dan vao cdng vide qudn ly nhd nude, ddng thdi phdt hidn va khdc phye dugc nhting tdc ddng ciia nhdm Igi ich cung nhu ciia tu duy nhidm ky vao cdng cudc CO cau lai nen kinh td, hinh thanh md hinh tang trudng mdi.
S6 350 (12/2011) KINH T E C H A U A-THAI BlNH DUONG
