DOI NET VE SINH KE NUOI TRONG THUY SAN TAI HUYEN THAI THUY,
TINH THAI BINH
• PHAN KHANH DL/dNG
TOM TAT:
Bai vidt neu ra mot sd khai niem ve sinhkd', sinh kd'bdn vdng, sinhkd'ben vdng trong nudi trdng thuy san. Mo ta cac tai san sinh kd'(ngudn vdn sinh ke'), sinh ke ben vdng eua ngudidan nudi trdng ihuy san lai huyen Thai Thuy, tinh Thdi Binh. Dong thdi, bai vie't eung neu ra mot sd'khd khan va sdbp de xua'tmdtsd'gidi phdp nham cdi thidn sinhkd'cua ngddi dan nudi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thai Thuy.
TiJf khda: Nuoi trdng thuy san, sinh kd. thuy san, huydn Thai Thuy, tinh Thai Binh.
1. Dat van dd
Sinh kd'la va'n de quan trpng dd'i vdi ta't ca cac qud'c gia tren the gidi. Phat trien sinh ke da gdp phan cdi thidn ddi song, gia tang thu nhap, xda ddi gidm ngheo eho nhieu ho dan. Tuy nhien, phat trien sinh ke nhanh chong, d at cung dem lai nhieu hau qua nhdd nhidm mdi trudng, ma't kha nd ng hdi phuc va tdi sinh cac ngudn Idc id nhien, lam giam lidm ndng dd trd cho tifdng lai. Sinh ke' cua ngddi dan ndi chung va ngUdi dan nuoi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thai Thuy, tinh Thai Binh cung khong nam ngoai xu hddng tren. Trong qua trinh phat trien, ngoai nhdng thanh tdu dat dddc nhd giam ngheo, tang thu nhap..., cac boat ddng sinh ke eua cdng ddng dan cd huyen Thdi Thuy cung da de Iai nhdng hau qua, nhd: boat ddng ddnh ba't thuy sdn Iran lan, it kiem soat, phddng phap khai thac tidu cdc nhd nd min, kich
didn, lam cho ngudn thuy san suy giam, kha nang tdi sinh eham. Day la hdu qua cua viec sd dung cae ngudn vd'n sinh ke chda ihuc sd hdp ly. Do do, yeu cau nhan didn rd ede ngudn vd'n sinh kd' vd sd dung chung mpi cdch hdp ly la didu cin ihid't. Bai vid't nay, lac gid hddng tdi muc dieh md la ve sinh kd', eu the ia ede ngudn von sinh kd' nuoi trdng thuy sdn va nhdng kho khan trong phat trien sinh ke ben vdng, ddng thdi dda ra mdt sd khuyen nghi nham cai thidn sinh kd' nudi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thai Thuy.
2. Mdt so' khai niem s^ dung trong bai vidt 2.1. Khdi ni$m sinh ke
"Sinh ke, hieu theo nghia dan gian nha't la phuang tilde kie'm song vd no duac bieu hien d thanh to chinh: ndng luc, tdi sdn (hdng hoa, ngudn luc, doi hoi vd khd ndng tiep can) vd hanh dong cdn thiet de mUu sinh"'.
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2.2. Khdi niem sinh keben vUng
- Khai nidm sinh ke' ben vdng cua Chambers va Conway: "Sinh ke duac goi Id ben vdng khi no cd thi doi mat vdi dp luc vd sang chan, phuc hoi khdi dp luc vd sang chan; cd the duy tri hoac tdng cUcfng ndng luc vd tdi sdn, cd the cung cd'p ca hoi song ben vdng cho thi'he sau, dong gdp lai ieh thdng du cho cdc sinh kekhdc d cap dia phuang vd todn cdu, trong ngdn han hay ddi han"^.
- Khai niem sinh ke'ben vdng cua Bo Phdt tridn qude te' Anh Qud'c (DFID): "Sinh keduac coi id ben vdng khi no cd the chong choi vd phuc hoi sau dp luc vd sang chan, duy tri ndng lUc vd tdi sdn trong cd hien tai, luang lai md khong lam dnh hudng den nguon luc tu nhien von c6".
Dda tren khdi nidm nay, iheo DFID, khung sinh ke'ben vdng cd ca'u true 5 tbdnb phan: Tai san sinh ke; Cd ca'u va lid'n trinh thde hien sinh ke'; Boi canh dd bi tdn thUdng; Ke't qua sinh ke; Chien lUdc sinh kd', Trong bai vid't, tdc gia tap trung vao thanh phan
"tai sdn sinh ke'" hay cdn goi la "ngudn vd'n sinh kd'". Theo do, tai san sinh kd'la loan bd ede ngudn Idc vat cha't va nguon lUc xd hdi ma con ngUdi sd dung dd duy tri hay phat tridn sinh ke eua hp.
Ngudn vd'n sinh kd' ddde ehia ra thanh 5 loai vdn ehinh: vd'n nhan life, vd'n tai ehinh, vd'n vat chat, vd'n xa hpi va vo'n td nhien.
2.3. Khdi ni^m nuoi trong thuy san Khai nidm nudi trdng thuy san: "Nudi trong thuy sdn Id nuoi cdc loai thuy sinh vdt trong moi trUdng nUdc ngot, la vd man, bao gom dp dung cdc ky thuat vao quy trinh nuoi nhdm ndng cao ndng sua't; thuoc sd hdu cd nhdn hay tdp the"^. Bai vie't xac dinh: Nuoi trong thuy sdn la viec dp dung ky thuat vao viic cho dn, cham sdc cdc thuy sinh vdt trong moi trudng nudc ngot, nUdc la vd nUdc man deduy tri, phdt trii'n susong vd ndng cao ndng sua't cua chung.
2.4. Khdi ni$m sinh kenudi trong thuy sdn Td cac khai niem ve sinh ke', sinh kd'ben vdng va nudi trdng thuy san, ed the xac dinh khdi nidm sinh kd' ben vdng trong nudi trdng thuy san nhd sau: Sinhkd'bdn vdng trong nuoi trdng thuy sdn la sd bid'n doi theo chieu hddng lich cdc phddng thde kid'm sd'ng eua eac hp gia dinh de chd'ng ehpi, phuc hdi sau dp Idc va sang cha'n, duy tri nang Idc va tai san trong cd bidn tai, tddng lai, nhdm thde hidn
nudi trdng cac thuy sinh vat trong moi trddng nddc ngot, nUde Id va nddc man ma khdng lam anh hddng de'n ngudn Idc td nhien vd'n c6.
3. Sinh ke' nudi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thai Thuy, tinh Thai Binh
3.1. Khdi quat thde trang nuoi trong thuy sdn tai huyen Thdi Thuy
3.1.L Quy mo vd dien tich nuoi trong La mdt trong 2 huyen ven bien cua tinh Thai Binh, Thai Thuy da va dang dUdc dau tU phat trien kinh id' hddng bidn. Toan huydn hien cd 27km bd bien, 13.000ha bai bdi, 4.000ha rdng ngap man thude 5 xa Thuy Trddng, Thuy Xuan, Thuy Hdi, Thai Dd va Thai Thddng; 1.247ha dam nddc Id va I.i84ha viingnudi ngao ven bien, hinh Ihdc nudi trdng ehu ye'u van Id quang canh cai de'n, ban tham eanh va tham canh. Hinh ihdc nudi cdng nghidp da ddde ap dung, eho gid tri kinh td' cao, chu yeu nudi ede loai ed vddc, ed song, eua bien, tdm nang sua't dn dinh. Dien tieh nudi trdng thuy sdn eua huydn Thai Thuy ludn gid ddde nhip dd phat trien tang va dn dinh. Giai doan 2015 -2018, td'e dp tdng dien lich nudi trdng thuy san eua huyen tang binh quan 1,5%/nam.
Nam 2019, Thai Thuy tie'p tuc duy tri didn tieh tdng dien tich nudi trdng thuy san dat 4.300ha, lan Iddt gdm: nudc man I 093 ha, nddc Id 1.527ha, dien tich nifdc ngot l.394ha. Cae hp nuoi trdng thuy sdn dd tich cdc dp dung lien bp khoa hoe ky thuat vao nuoi trdng thuy san va tham canh tdng vu. Hang tram hp dan cua huydn Thdi Thuy da dp dung thanh cong mo hinh nudi lom cong nghe eao vdi long didn tieh ]25,62ha.
Cdch lam mdi ndy khong chi giup nong dan nuoi 4 - 5 vu/nam, nang sua't dat Id 8 -10 la'n/vu ma edn nudi tdm qua mua ddng thanh cong - vu tdm cho gia tri kmh id'eao nha't trong nam.
3 1.2. Boi tuang nuoi trong
Do dac thu dien lich nuoi trdng thuy sdn nddc man, ngot. Id gan nhu lifdng dddng nhau, dd'i tddng nudi trdng thuy san eua ede hd lai huydn Thdi Thuy cung rd't da dang. Vdi dien tich nudi trdng nddc man. Id eac dd'i tddng nudi chu ye'u la: cae loai tdm (ehu yeu la torn su va tdm the chan trdng), nhuydn the (ngao), ca (vddc, song). Vdi didn tich nudi thuy san nddc ngpl, ehu yd'u la cdc loai ca:
troi, tram, me, rd phi.
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3.1.3. Sdn luang vd gid tri sdn xua't Ndm 2018, san xua't thuy san eua huydn Thai Thuy da dat dupe nhieu thanh lUu dang ke. Gia tri san xuat thuy sdn dat gan 2.200 ty ddng, tang hdn 7% so vdi nam 2017. Trong do, linh vde nudi trong thuy sdn ddng gdp hdn 2/3 gia tri sdn xua't thuy san. Sau thang dau nam 2019, san lUdng nuoi trdng thuy san cua huyen Thai Thuy ddc dat 27.502 ta'n (gia tri dat hdn 274 ty ddng), tdng hdn 13% so vdi ciJng ky nam 2018. Trong do, san Iddng nudi trdng thuy sdn nddc man, nddc Id ddc dat 25.037 td'n gdm: 20.812 ta'n ngao, 985 ta'n rong cau, 427 ta'n torn, 1.748 ta'n ca, 790 ta'n cua, ghe xua't khau va 275 ta'n thuy san khac; san lUdngnudi trdng thuy san nddc ngpl la 2.465 ta'n, chu ye'u la ca Nhin chung, trong nhdng nam gan day, hoat dong nuoi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thdi Thuy cd sd phat trien tUdng dd'i on dinh, gdp phan phat trien kinh te' dia phddng.
3.2. Khdi quat cdc nguon vd'n sinh ke' nuoi trong thuy sdn tai huyen Thdi Thuy
3.2.1. Nguon von tu nhiin
Huyen Thai Thuy cd bd bien ddi 27km^ va hdng chuc nghin km^ lanh hai, 3 cda song Idn (cda Thai Binh, cda Diem Hp, eda Tra Ly). Hdn 1.552,3 ha rdng ngap man, tap trung tai eac xa ven bien, ed lac dung Idn trong phong ho de bien, dieu hda khi hau va cd gid tri Idn ve canh quan moi trddng, bao tdn he sinh thai ngap nddc ven bien... Huyen Thdi Thuy cd khi hau can nhidl ddi am a'm. Nhidl do trung binh trong nam Id 23 - 24"C. Lddng mda trung binh trong nam td 1,750 - 1,800 mm, ehia lam 2 mua ro ret: mua mda id thang 5 dd'n thang 10, mua it mda td thang 11 dd'n thang 2 nam sau. So'gid nang trong nam la 1,650 - 1,700 gid. Dp am tu'dng do'i trung binh: 80 - 85%. Hang nam, Huyen thddng chiu anh hddng cua bao hoac dp tha'p nhidl ddi, binh quan td 4 - 6 edn/nam. Thuy van: Thuy trieu tai viing bien Thdi Thuy thude loai nhat trieu, bidn dp trieu trung binh td 1,6 - 1,7 m, Idn nha't la 3,31m va nho nha'l la 0,1 Im. Thd nhudng: gdm 4 nhdm da't chinh la da't phu sa, da't cat, da't man, da't phen.
Nhdng dieu kien tu nhidn ke trdn giup cho huyen Thai Thuy cd mdt tiem nang nuoi trdng thuy san ra't thuan Ipi.
3.2.2. Nguon von con ngUdi
Hidn nay, dan sd' huydn Thai Thuy vdo khoang 267.012 ngddi, mat dp dan s d d a t 1.040 ngddi/km^. Trong dd, cd khoang 26.000 ngddi tham gia san xua'l trong linh viXc nuoi trdng thijy sdn. Tuy nhien, trinh dd hpc va'n cua lao dong nudi trdng thuy san cua huydn cdn d mde ihdp.
Sd'lao dong chda qua dao tao chie'm tdi 93%. Sd lao dong cd trinh dp td sd ca'p trd len ehi cd 3,3%. Day la han che'trong viec tid'p nhan khoa hoe, ky thuat de phat trien kinh td' nudi trdng thuy san.
3.2.3. Nguon von vdt chat
Trong nhdng nam gan day, c(3 set ha tang tai cac huyen Thai Thuy ddde dau tu mdi, cai lad, sda chda mot each kha toan didn, ve giao thong, dien, thuy Idi . Trdn dia bdn huydn cd khoang 1.000 km dudng cdc loai. Hd thd'ng giao thdng dddng bp td trung tam tinh Thai Binh xud'ng huydn Thdi Thuy, dudng giao thdng nong thon da va dang dUdc dau tUndng ea'p, md rong, edng hda, trai da lang nhda hoae bd tdng. Mdt so' du an dang ddde tich cdc trien khai, nhU: Du an tuye'n dddng bp ven bien;
Dd an cai tao ndng ca'p dddng td thi tra'n Didm Dien (Thai Thuy) dd'n dd song Hda (DT461)..
nham tao mang Iddi giao thdng lidn hoan, phat trien kinh td'- xa hdi vung ven bien, tao sU thdng suo't gida huyen Thai Thuy ndi rieng va tmh Thai Binh ndi chung vdi cac tmh khac trong khu vdc ddng bang song Hdng; He thd'ng Iddi didn huydn ThaiThuy da dUde ehu trong dau id nang ca'p bang nhieu ngudn vd'n (ngan sdch Trung ddng, ngdn sdch da phUdng, vdn hd trd ODA...), ddm bao cung ca'p dien dn dinh vd an loan, ddp dng td't nhu cau phdl trien sdn xud't va sinh boat eua nhan dan; Ha tang thdng tin, lien lac ve cd bdn da dap dng dddc nhu cau thdng tin lidn lac eua ngUdi dan iren dia ban huydn, gdp phan dae lUc trong cdng lac tuyen truyen phd bie'n chu trddng, dddng Id'i, chinh sach cua Dang, phdp luat cua Nha nifdc tdi ngddi ddn tren dia bdn; He thdng thuy Idi, de dieu va cap, thoat nddc: huydn Thai Thuy da hoan thanh nang cd'p tren 20 km dd sung yd'u, trde dien vdi bien;
chii ddng ra soat va d a u t d l u b o d d dieu, xdly ke, nang ca'p va gia cd mat de, bao dam an toan trong mua mda bao, gdp phan lich cdc eho cdng lac phdng chdng lul bao, bdo ve an loan dd bien tai
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nhdng vi tri xung yeu, trpng diem khi cd bdo lu va trieu eddng xay ra.
3.2.4. Nguon vd'n xa hoi
Cae doan the xa hoi trdn dia ban huydn da thde hien td't cong tdc tuydn truyen ve Id'i sd'ng van minh, van hda, dao tao ky thuat sdn xud'l cho ngUdi dan tai dja phddng. Cae td ehdc doan the, Hpi Nong dan, Hpi Phu nd... da thde hien td't vai trd eua minh trong vide hd trd tuyen truyen, dao tao cdc Idp ve ky thuat, ky nang san xua't eho ngddi dan.
Vide bd trd sinh ke' thdng qua ede boat ddng vay vdn, hddng nghidp, ehuyen giao edng nghe... da cd nhdng anh hddng tich cdc de'n boat ddng san xua't eua edng ddng. Mpt so'cong trinh dddc d^u tdxdy ddng bang nhieu ngudn vd'n xa hpi (vd'n WB, CTMTQG nddc sach ndng thdn, vd'n ngan sach dia phddng va ddng gdp cda nhdn dan) Nhieu ehinh sach phat irien kinh td' - xa hdi ddde ban hanh tao khung phap ly eho ngddi ddn trong vide phat trien sinh kd'. Dong thdi, eae chinh saeh nay cung tao ed hoi eho ngddi dan ed khd nang tid'p cdn cd hpi sinh ke' nhd quyen sd dung da't vd vo'n. Vi ed ban, cdc dd dn, ehinh sdch phu hdp dd giup cho cae hd dan cd ven bien c6 thu nhap, cuoc sd'ng on dinh.
3.2.5. Nguon vo'n tdi chinh
Trong nhdng nam vda qua, huydn Thdi Thuy da nhan dddc sd quan tam dau td cua tinh Thai Binh, dia phUdng va nhan dan trong viec phdt trien kinh te'. Nhin chung, cac huyen ven bien deu thu but dupe ngudn vo'n dau lUphdt trie'n kinh td'.
Trong dd, 26,3% la vd'n Id ngan sach tinh, vd'n dau td nddc ngodi rd't il, chid'm ty le tha'p 0,3%.
Ngudn vd'n cdn lai 73.4% chu yd'u la vdn ngoai nha nifdc (td cac doanh nghiep va ca nhdn).
Nhin chung, eac ngudn vdn sinh kd'eiia huyen Thai Thuy la tddng dd'i thuan Idi eho phat trien nudi irdng thuy san. Tuy cdn nhdng ban ehe ve cha't lddng lao dong, tdi chinh.. nhdng ve long the, cac ngudn vd'n ndi tren cho phep cdc hp gia dinh CO nhieu ed hoi trong viee duy tri va phat trien sinh ke' ehinh Id nudi trdng thuy san.
4. Mpt sd' kho khan va khuye'n nghi cai thien sinh ke' nudi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thai Thuy
4.1. MQt so kho khan trong sinh kenudi trong thuy san tai huyen Thdi Thuy
Mac du Id boat ddng sinh kd'dem lai hieu
qua cao, nhdng nudi trdng thuy san tai huyen Thdi Thuy cung cdn gap nhieu khd khan, gay anh hddng tdi sd phdl trien ben vdng
- Mot la, nhdng khd khan do dae diem ciia linh vuc sinhkd'nudi trdng thuy san: Nudi trdng thuy sdn la sinh kd'ebiu nhieu rui ro id mdi trddng. Do viee san xud't phu thude hoan toan vao chat lddng ngudn nddc nen khi ngudn nddc bi nhidm ban, nhiem man dan tdi vat nudi che't hang loat, khdng kiem soat dupe. Tac ddng cua bie'n ddi khi hau lam cho nhidl dp gia tdng, lddng mda thay ddi ddt ngdt hoac dd man eda nddc lang, giam dot ngdt, vat nudi khdng thich nghi dddc dan tdi dieh benh, lam anh hudng trUe tid'p idi nang sua't nuoi trdng thuy san. Bdn eanh do, nudi trdng thuy san ddi hoi phai cd vd'n dau lU Idn. Ngoai tien mua dd't va dau tu xay ddng ban dau, gia nguyen lieu trong qud trinh nudi trdng ihuy san kha datva ed xu hddng tang gay ra khd khan eho cae hp gia dinh. Nhidu hd gia dinh lU y chuyen ddi didn lich ndm ngoai quy hoach thanh didn tich nudi trdng thuy sdn, phd vd quy hoach gdy ra tinh trang thie'u kiem soat. Ap lUe tim dau ra eho sdn phdm mang tinh thdi vu va sU thay ddi eua thi trddng tidu thu de dan tdi linh trang thUdng iai ep gia gdy thiet bai den thu nhdp cua cdc hd, doanh nghidp.
- Hai Id, nhdng yd'u to'tidu eUc anh hifdng tdi cdc ngudn vdn sinh ke: Bien ddi khi hdu dnh hddng ro rdlnhd't tdi ngudn vd'n lU nhidn, eung la ngudn vd'n quan trpng nha't trong sinh ke' nudi trdng thuy sdn tai Thdi Thuy. Nhdng dnh hddng nay the hien d sd thay ddi ve mdi trddng, dien lich, ddi lddng nuoi trdng. Ngoai ra, hoat ddng san xud'l cua cac hd, cac doanh nghidp cung gdp phan lam suy gidm ngudn vd'n tif nhien. Didu nay ddn tdi sd md't can bang gida cdc nguon vd'n sinh ke'. Cu the, khi ngudn vd'n td nhien suy giam, lam cho hidu qua san xua'l gidm, lam giam sd ha'p din ciia loai hinh sinh ke'nudi trdng thuy san ddn tdi' sd'ngUdi tham gia nudi trdng thuy san giam (vd'n con ngUdi); ehi phi ndng ea'p ha tang hdac xay ddng ha lang thich hdp vdi mdi trddng san xua't mdi tang (vd'n vat ehd't, vd'n lai ehinh), chi phi nang cao nang lUc san xua't tang (vd'n xa hdi, vd'n eon ngUdi). Nhdng khd khan khac nhd: cha't lddng lao ddng chda eao; tie'p can vd'n tai chinh
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con kho khan . cung gay ra sd ma't can bdng trong md'i quan he gida cac ngudn vd'n sinh ke.
4.2. Mot so khuyen nghi cdi thien sinh kenudi trong thuy sdn tai huyen Thdi Thuy
Hoat dong sinh kd' nudi trdng thiiy san tai huydn Thai Thuy da dat dddc nhieu kd'l qua tieh cue trong nhdng nam qua. Tuy nhidn, cac ngudn vo'n sinh ke' nudi trdng thuy san eua huyen Thai Thuy vdn cd sU ma't can bang nha't dinh. De hoat ddng nudi trdng thuy san ed the phat trien ben vdng, cdc huydn Thdi Thuy, tinh Thai Binh c^n tdp trung vao cac va'n de:
- Thd nhd't, quy hoach vd qudn ly hoat ddng nudi trdng thuy san: Can ra soat, dieu ehinh quy hoach vilng nudi trdng thuy san trdn ed sd De an tai ed edu ngdnh ndng nghiep cua eac huyen. Chi dao phdl trien dong bp nudi trdng, chuyen dich ed ca'u kinh id' thiiy san Iheo hUdng Uu lidn phdt trien nudi trdng thuy san dam bao ben vdng.
Tdng eddng dp dung khoa hoc ky thuat tidn tidn nham nang cao nang sua't, cha't lddng vd gid tri sdn pham. Can ed cd ehd' giam sdt quy hoach nudi trdng thuy san chat che. vda dam bao nhu eau sinh ke' cua ngddi dan vda dam bdo phdt trien theo dung quy hoach.
- Thd hai, xdy ddng vd hodn thidn cd sd ha tang. Dd'i vdi cac viing nudi thuy san tap trung can cai tao, ndng cd'p he thd'ng thuy Idi, nao vel mUdng, ngoi tidu Ihoal nUdc. Tao dieu kidn cho eac hp gia dinh, cac cd sd sdn xua't dau lU phat
irien cd sd ha lang nudi trdng thuy san. Xdy ddng cd che' thich hpp de hd trd ngddi ddn md rdng dien tich nudi trdng.
- Thd ba, ve phia ngddi dan tham gia nudi trong thuy san. Tdng cd nhan, tdng hd gia dinh can trang bi cho minh nhdng kie'n thde, ky ndng de cd th^
tham gia hoal ddng san xud't c6 hieu qua hdn, Ben canh nhdng kie'n thde, ky ndng lien quan true tiep tdi nuoi trdng thuy san, ngddi dan can nang cao hieu bid'i ve nhdng Unh vde khae. Td do, cdc hp, doanh nghidp cd kha nang ehu ddng hdn trong vide sd dung eac ngudn vdn ma minh eo va dieu tie't boat dong san xud't de thich nghi vdi nhdng thay doi.
5. Kdt lu$n
Tdm lai, nudi trdng thuy san la hinh thde sinh kd'quan trpng ddi vdi ngu'di dan huydn Thdi Thuy ndi rieng va cdc huydn ven bien tinh Thdi Binh ndi chung. Vide nhan dien ddde nhdng nguon vdn sinh kd'giup cho huyen Thai Thuy nhdng phUdng an sd dung hieu qud de eo the phdt trien sinh ke theo hddng bdn vdng. De lam ddde dieu nay, khdng chi ein sd ddi mdi, nang cao hidu qua quan ly cua eac ca'p chinh quyen md ngay ca ngifdi ddn tham gia boat ddng nudi trdng thuy san ciing phai lU nang eao kid'n thde, ndng life san xud't eua ban than. Qua do, sinh kd' trong nudi trdng thuy sdn tai huyen Thai Thuy mdi IhUc sd ben vdng, mdi eo khd nang thich nghi va duy tti trdde nhdng bid'n ddi eua mdi trudng td nhien va kinh Id' - xa hpi d hidn tai va tddng lai. •
TAI LIEU TRICH DAN:
'Chambers & Conway, 1991, lr.6 -Chambers & Conway, 1991. tr.6
^Tdclntc Ndng Luang Lien Hap Qude (FAOj. 2008.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Bd Tai nguyen va Mot trudng (2016), Kich ban bien ddi khi hdu. nudc bien ddng cho Viet Nam.
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KINH TE
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Ngay nh0n bai: 12/10/2019
Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va su:a chffa: 22/10/2019 Ngay chap nhan dang bai: 2/11/2019
Thong tin tdc gid:
ThS. PHAN KHANH D U O N G Hpc vien Khoa hpc xa hOi
THE LIVELIHOODS OF AQUA CULTURE IN THAI THUY DISTRICT OF THAI BINH PROVINCE
• IVIA. PHAN KHANH DUONG Graduate A c a d e m y of Social Sciences
ABSTRACT:
The article outlines several concepts relating sustainable livelihoods in aquaculture. Il also describes livelihood resources as well as sustainable livelihoods of aquaculture farmers in Thai Thuy district. Thai Binh province. At the same time, the article presents several difficulties and proposes some solutions lo improve the Hvelihoods of aquaculture farmers in Thai Thuy district.
Keywords: Aquaculture, livelihoods. Seafood, Thai Thuy district. Thai Binh province.
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