Doanh nghiep khoi nghiep 6* Viet Nam va van de s6^ hnu tri tue^
Dmh Manh Tuan**'
Tom tat: Cung vdi xu hudng cdc doanh nghiep khgi nghiep a Viet Nam tdng len nhanh chdng trong nhiing ndm gdn day, sd lugng ddng ky bdo hd quyen sd hitu tri tue (SHTT) cua cdc doanh nghiip cd xu huong tdng nhanh id tie ndm 2014. Tuy vdy viic thtic Men ddng ky SHTT ddi vdi cdc doanh nghiep khdi nghiep Viet Nam vdn cdn mgt sd khd khdn vd hgn che. Bdi viet phdn tich vdn de SHTT cua cdc doanh nghiep khdi nghiep a Viet Nam vd dua ra mgt sd khuyen nghi nhdm ndng cao hiiu qud ddng ky SHTT voi cdc doanh nghiep khdi nghiep.
Tur khoa: Sd hiiu tri tue, Doanh nghiep khdi nghiep, Viet Nam
Abstract: The rapid increase of Vietnamese start-ups has been accompanied by the upward trend in the number of applications for registering intellectual property (IP) rights since 2014. However, the registration for IP rights in Vietnam has anyhow remained a challenge. The article analyses the importance of intellectual property to Vietnamese start-ups and brings forward some recommendations to improve the effectiveness of IP registration.
Key words: Intellectual Property, Start-ups, Vietnam
L M6^ dau nghiep sang tao la doanh nghiep nhd va vira d Viet Nam, ttong nhung nam gin dugc thanh lap dd thye hien y tudng fren co day, khdi nghiep dang frd thanh xu thd va sd khai thac tai san fri Uie, cdng nghe, mo dugc Dang, Chinh phu, cdng ddng doanh hinh kinh doanh moi va cd kha nang tang nghiep va ngudi dan danh nhidu sy chii y. tmdng nhanh". Cac doanh nghiep thanh lap Theo Luat Hd trg doanh nghiep nhd va vira ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^hd tang, cimg voi dd la nhan nam 2017, "doanh nghiep nfid va vira khdi thirc vd tim quan trgng cua SHTT ciia cac ,„.. . . . T^ T ^ i ., „„. - . , , doanh nghiep khdi nghiep ciing tang Ien.
' Bai Viet la san pham cua De tai "Bao ton va phat • - = = trien tai san tri tue vimg Tdy Nguyen trong boi canh Tuy nhien, thuc te nhieu doanh nghiep hpi nhgp qudc li ma?' (Ma s6 TN17/X04) do TS. khdi nghiep tai Viet Nam vin chii ttgng Vu Tuin Himg lam chij nhiem va Vien Nghien ciiu nhjgu hon toi viec tiianh lap doanh nghiep Chau Au la CO quan chu tri. , . . i *! , , ' . . b .f>
fiTo A7- XT u- . ^u- i XT- „. .- keu ggi von dau tu, hoan thien san pham
" TS., Vien Nghien cuu Chau Au, Vien Han lam , , . ' ' P " « " ' Khoa hoc x3 hoi Viet Nam; va dua ra thi ttuong, ttong khi chua danh Email: [email protected] nhieu su quan tam tod viec tim hidu thdng
21 tin ve quyen SHTT va chien lucre quan ly
vS SHTT. Ty Ie dang ky quySn SHTT cua cac doanh nghiep khai nghiep con chua cao, din toi mot s6 truang hop xay ra tranh chip. Trong khi do, thuc tl cho thiy SHTT CO vai tro rat quan trgng d6i voi cac doanh nghiep khoi nghiep va cac ca quan quan ly, cong dong.
Tai san tri tue la tai san vo hinh nhung tao ra gia tri thuang mai khong he nho d6i vcri chu sa hira. Khi tai san tri tue duac nha nuac bao ho, ngucri nam giii tai san do co mot so quyen nhat dinh d6i voi tai san cua minh, do chinh la quyjn SHTT; va cung ttt do tai san tri tue mod tro thanh mot loai tai san quan trgng co gia tri.
2. Van de sff hint tri tue ciia cac doanh nghiep khoi nghiep
Cac so lieu thong ke cho thiy, so doanh nghiep thanh lap mcti o Viet Nam trong nhiing nam gan day van trong xu thS tang, nhtmg miic do tang dang cham din lai. Nam 2018, s6 lugng doanh nghiep thanh lap moi va s6 van dang ky dat cao nhat fir truoc toi nayoVietNam: 131.275 doanh nghiep thanh lap moi vai s6 vdn dang ky la 1.478.101 ty dong tren ca nuac (Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh, 2018). Trong khi do, s6 lugng doanh nghiep giai the vin con a muc kha cao, dac biet la trong nam 2016 (31,8%) va nam 2018 (34,7%) (Xem bang 1).
Mot phin nguyen nhan cua tinh trang nay la do cac chinh sach kfch thich sfl lugng doanh nghiep thanh lap nhtmg khong dam bao su phat trien bjn vimg. Dign hinh trong so nay la chu truang chuyen ho kinh doanh ca the len doanh nghiep va phong trao khoi nghiep, dae biet tai cac do thi Ion nhu Tp. H6 Chi Mmh va Ha Noi (Phuong Dong, 2018).
So hilu tri tue dugc xac dinh la thuc su dong vai tro dgng luc thiic day hoat dgng doi moi - sang tao de phat triSn tai san tri tue quoc gia ca vi so lugng va gia tri, gdp phin nang cao nang luc sang tao va tao lap mgt moi truang canh tranh lanh manh (Dinh Hilu Phi, 2019).
Qua cac so lieu thong ke cho thiy, cung vod su gia tang so lugng doanh nghiep thanh lap mod, so lugng dang ky bao hg quyen SHTT cua cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam CO xu huong tang nhanh ke ttr nam 2014. Trong 5 nam 2013-2017, s6 lugng don dang ky sang che/giai phap hthi ich giii den Cue So hthi tri tue tang binh quan 6,5% moi nam. Trong giai doan nay, kk qua xii Iy don dang ky sang che/giai phap hilu ieh (tong so dan dugc chap nhan va bi ttr choi bao hg) eila Cue Scr hilu tri tue cilng gia tang dang ke vdd miic tang binh quan 11,2% moi nam (Cue So hilu tri tue, 2018:
34) (Xem hinh 1, hinh 2).
Bang 1: Ty 1| tang triroTig ve s6 lirflfng doanh nghiep thanh lap moi va giai thi hSng nSm cua Vijt Nam, giai doan 2014-2018
Nam TJ16 t3ng tmcmg %)
So lugmg (doanh nghigp) TJ1? giai thS (%)
2014 -2,7
74.842 -2,2
2015 26,6 94.754 -0,63
2016 16,2 rio.ioo 31,8
2017 15,2 126.859 -2,9
2018 3,5 131.275 34,7 NguSn: Cue Quan ly B5ng ky kinh doanh (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017,2018).
Hinh 1: So luong bSng doc quyen s^ng che cua nguoi nop don Viet Nam phan theo chu the,
giai doan 2007-2017
Nguon: Cue So hOu tri tue, 2018: 75.
Hinh 2: s6 lu-ong bSng d^c quyen giii phap hilu ich ciia nguoi nop don Viet Nam phan theo chu the,
giai doan 2007-2017
Nguin: Cue So hiiu tri tue, 2018: 75.
han chd nhung vie rdi, ttanh cai, khidu kien cd the g§p phai. Nhidu doanh nghiep eiing nhan thiic dugc rang, tai san tti ttie cd thd sinh lgi thdng qua viec mua, ban, ttao ddi, nhugng quydn, gdp vdn kmh doanh, cho thue, tao the canh ttanh,...
* Tuy vay, cac doanh / — ^ nghiep khdi nghiep phan Ion
chua dd y va quan tam nhieu ddn viec dau tu phat tridn cac tai san tti ttie va ung dung nd ttong kinh doanh, mgt so chii doanh nghiep vin nhan thiic chua diing va day dii vd quydn SHTT, khdng tta ciiu day du thdng tin de dam bao quyen SHTT ciia minh va de khdng xam pham quyen ddi vdi tai san tri tue ciia ngudi khac (Bao Tm tiic, 2018).
Ldi dien hinh ma cac doanh nghiep khai nghiep hay gap phai la chgn ten ggi (nhan hieu) da thudc quyen /"'-^ cua ngudi khac, nhu vay hg da vd tinh xam pham quyen SHTT ddi vdi nhan hidu ciia ngudi khac. Mdt sd nhan hieu da dang ky va dugc bao hd, nhung lai su dung each thiic ttinh bay tuong tu vdi nhan hieu dugc bao hd cua ngudi khac, dieu nay ciing tao ra cac ttanh chip giua cac chii thd quydn (Nhat Minh, 2017).
Ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep khdi nghiep Uen quan den cdng nghe, cd nhiing trudng Dieu nay cho thay, ngay cang nhieu doanh
nghiep ndi chung va doanh nghiep khdi nghiep ndi rieng hieu va mong mudn mudn su dung lgi the ciia SHTT vao hoat ddng san xuat, kinh doanh nham giiip dam bao su
phat trien eua doanh nghiep, nam dugc lgi hgp do khdng tim hieu thdng tin vd quyen the xuat phat ttudc cac ddi thu canh ttanh SHTT lien quan den san pham edng ngh?
ttong hoat dgng san xuat va kinh doanh, hg mudn lam, nen san phim hoac giai phap
23 ky thuat hoac hinh dang cua san pham lai
khdng cdn mdi hoac da thudc quyen scr hiru cua ngudi khac.
Ngoai ra, mdt sd nha khdi nghiep chua tim hidu, n§m rd va sii dung hieu qua cdng cu phap ly de bao hd quyen SHTT gkn lidn vdi du an cua minh, dan tdd tinh trang bi xam pham quyen nhung khdng dii ca sd phap ly de bao ve minh, phai chiu thiet hai, gay tam ly nan ldng cho chinh doanh nghiep va nha dau tu.
Hien nay, nhieu nhdm khoi nghiep mdi chi tap trung vao viec thanh lap doanh nghiep, keu ggi vdn dau tu ma chua nghi den viec dang ky quyen bao ve SHTT hoac ngai dang ky vi nhieu ly do (Van Anh, 2018). Mdt sd ngudi thanh lap doanh nghiep cho rang, viec khdi nghiep gap rat nhieu khd khan, vdi hang loat ttinh tu thii tuc hanh chinh, cd qua nhieu cac khoan chi phi cho doaiih nghiep hoat ddng nhu chien lugc marketing, chien lugc quan tri, he tiiong nhan su... Dieu do thuc su tao ap lire cho doanh nghiep khi khdi ngliiep, trong khi do doanh nghiep khai nghiep lai phai chi tta mdt khoan phi cho phan "chi phi vd hinh" chua can thiet, khdng quan trgng, tir tu van xac lap quyen, dang ky^ bao hd, thuc tiii (Vietnam Business Forum, 2017).
Thuc td cho thay, nhieu doanh nghiep khdi nghiep da tao ra san pham va bat dau dua ra thi trudng hoac keu ggi vdn dau tu, luc do chu doanh nghiep mdi quan tam tdi van de SHTT. Tuy nhien, chinh vi khong dat^ ky bao hd nen cac tai san SHTT, nhimg sang tao ciia doanh nghiep de bi sao chep, danh cap hay bi lgi dimg danh tieng khi san pham, dich vu dugc luu thdng tten thi trudrng, dan den su phat trien cua doanh nghiep khdi nghiep khdng bdn vung, cd the vudng phai nhimg khidu kien ve SHTT hoac gap khd khan ttong kinh doanh do chi tap
trung phat ttien y tudng sang tao ma khong quan tam ddn vide bao ve quydn SHTT cua minh. Neu vudng phai cac ttanh chip vd SHTT, nhiing nguoi khdi nghiep (dii d phia nao ciia cudc ttanh chip - nguyen dem hay bi dan) deu se chiu tdn thit it nhidu khdng chi ve tai san ma cdn ca ve siic luc, tam tri.
Cac doanh nghiep mdi khdi nghiep thudng khdng cd dii ngudn luc dd theo duoi cac vu ttanh chip lien quan ddn quyen SHTT neu nhu khdng nam chic cac bing chiing chiing minh quyen sd hihi ciia minh.
Ben canh do, rat it chii the sd him quyen tai Viet Nam ndi chung dang ky bao hg quyen SHTT d- thi trudng nudc ngoai, ngay ca khi san pham cua doanh nghiep da cd mat d nhieu thi trudng tten thd gidi'.
Mgt phan ly do ciia su cham tre nay la vi qua trinh dang ky d nudc ngoai tucmg ddi phiic tap ve mat phap ly, va kha tdn kem ve kinh phi ciing nhu thdi gian thuc hien^.
Tren thuc te, cham tte ttong dang ky bao hg thuang hieu d nudc ngoai da khien khong it dia phuang, doanh nghiep Viet Nam danh mat ten san pham va thucmg hieu cua chinh minh, mdt sd thuang hieu Viet da hi mdt sd ea nhan, td chiic dang ky trudc de chiem doat tai thi trudng nudc ngoai, khien cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam phai mua lai vdi gia cao, hoac bi lgi dung uy tin de ngan can hang hda tham nhap thi trudng sd tai, nhu trudng hgp chi dan dia ly cua ca phe Budn Ma Thugt, ca phe Trung Nguyen, thudc la
' Trong giai doan 2013-2017, ca nirac moi chi co 38 sang cha va 523 nhan hieu nop don dang ky bao ho quyan so SHTT a nuac ngoai. Day la mot con so r4t khiem t6n (Nguyen Duyen, 2017).
^ 6 My, viec dang ky bao ho cac doi tupng SHTT rat t6n kem va co th6 len din 100.000 USD - md-c gia rit Ion d6i voi mot doanh nghiep mai bat dau cong viec kinh doanh vai ngu6n v6n co han va lgi nhuin con han chS (Pham Himg, 2018).
24 Thong hn KJioa hgc xa uyi. • Vinataba, nuac mam Phii Qudc, nudc mam
Phan Thidt...
Nhieu doanh nghiep khdi nghiep nhm chung cdn thieu chien lugc quan ly ve SHTT, chua g i n kdt hoat dgng nay vdi ehien lugc kinh doanh va cac chien lugc khac, do do chua giiip han che nghien ciiu triing lap, chua cd chien luge tap trung ngudn lire hgp ly de xac dinh bao hd cho ddi tugng nao, theo each thiic nao, quyet dinh viec lieu cd dang ky sang che hay giu lam bi mat thucmg mai, chua xac dinh diing thdi didm bdc lg thdng tm, ciing chua giiip doanh nghiep lira chgn ddi tac nghien ciiu phu hgp... Didu nay bit ngudn tir viec phan ldn doanh nghiep khdi nghiep chi d quy md nhd, chua cd dinh hudng chien lugc kinh doanh rd rang, ngudn luc tai chinh va nhan lire cdn han che, dac biet ngudn luc danh cho phat trien thuang hieu va khai thac tai san tri tue ttong doanh nghiep cdn han hep. Rat it doanh nghiep cd phdng hoac bd phan can bg chuyen trach quan ly tai san tti tue, cac doanh nghiep ciing chua chu ddng trong l$p ke hoach va thuc hien dao tao nhan luc cho hoat ddng nay. Ngoai ra, he thdng van ban phap luat ve SHTT ciia Viet Nam hien dugc danh gia la tucmg ddi cdng kenh va phiie tap, bao gdm nhieu van ban hudng dan thi hanh khac nhau, dugc quy dinh d nhieu tang nac khac nhau, nhung tinh ddng bd va thdng nhat ttong quy dinh giira cac van ban phap luat chua cao; mdt sd quy dinh chua chi tiet, chua rd rang, dan den nhieu each hieu va thi hanh khac nhau;
mgt sd quy dinh cdn thieu tinh kha thi, khdng thuc su phii hgp vdi thuc tien phat trien kinh te - xa hdi ciia Viet Nam (Dinh Huu Phi, 2019).
Mat khac, de dang ky bao hd SHTT, nhieu nguai mat kha nhieu thdi gian lam nhieu lan mdi hoan thien duac hd sa, do
viec lam ban md ta kha phiic tap, tiidi gian dang ky thii tuc bao hd quydn SHTT con keo dai'. Tinh ttang lam gia, lam nhai san phim cua cac ca sd, don vi da dugc bao hg chua dugc xir ly chua triet dd, hoac cd tiii chS tai xir phat lai chua du manh de ran de bdi miic phat rit thip so vdi lgi nhuan thuc td tir viec lam hang gia mang lai.
3. Mot so khuyen nghi nham nang cao hieu qua dang ky va sit dung quyen so" hiru tri tue doi vo'i cac doanh nghiep khdi nghiep
* Ddi vdi Chinh phu vd diaphuang Chinh phu c i n tidp tuc tao mdi tiiidng . thuan lgi dd hd ttg cac doanh nghiep khdi nghiep thdng qua cac chmh sach va giai phap nhim xay dung he sinh thai khdi nghiep phu hgp. Mdt ttong nhiing v i n de dat ra la phai hoan thien khung phap ly vd SHTT, tiieo dd he thdng phap luat va tiiuc thi phap luat SHTT can cd nhiing nguyen tic bao hg ro rang, danh ddc quyen cho tai san tri tue mgt each xiing dang, cd kha nang ngan ehan ciang nhu phong ngira cac hanh vi xam pham quyen SHTT (cd xu hudng ngay cang gia tang va phiic tap), dap ling cac yeu cau khi tham gia vao cac dieu udc qudc te ve bao ve quyen SHTT ttong qua ttinh hdi nhap.
De nang cao vai ttd quan ly cua Nha nudc ve bao hg quyen SHTT, can phdi hgp hoat dgng hieu qua giiia cac c a quan quan ly ciia Nha nudc va cac ca nhan, td chiic khac cd lien quan ttong viec hoan thien phap luat ve SHTT. Ngoai ra, Chinh phu can tiep tuc hoan thien he thdng cac quy dinh ve SHTT theo hudug nang cao tinh minh bach thdng tin dang ky, keo dai thai
' Quy trinh dSng kj nhan hieu tai Cue Sd hihi trf tue t6i da 1^ 12 thang, tren thuc ti cac doanh nghiSp di dang k^ nhan hieu mat tir 18 den 24 th^g (M?
Huyen, 2018).
gian bao hd sang che, day manh thuc thi quydn SHTT ca ttong mdi truang so, tang cudng thuc thi bing bien phap dan su thay d§n cho bien phap hanh chinh.
De tai san tri tue dia phuang dugc phat tridn theo hudng ben vung ttong bdi canh hdi nhap quoc te ngay cang sau sac, cac dia phucmg can cd chinh sach, ke hoach ro rang. Chinh quyen cac cap can quan tam, tao dieu kien, ddng thdi cd bien phap bao ve quySn va lgi ich chinh dang cua cae doanh nghiep cd tai san tri tue dang ky bao hg.
Mat khac, he thdng can bd thuc thi quyen SHTT tai dia phuang can tiep tuc dugc dao tao, nang cao trinh do chuyen mdn va nhan thiic, dac biet la nhung kien thiic ve phap luat qudc te ttong cdng tac bao hg va giai quyet ttanh chap thuang mai, dan su cd ydu td nudc ngoai.
* Ddi vdi cdng ddng vd td chicc tu vdn Thue te la nhieu doanh nghiep khdi nghiep chua hieu va nhan thiic dugc tam quan ttgng cua quyen SHTT, mgt phin do tiiieu hieu biet ve kien thiic bao hd quyen SHTT cua cac doanh nghiep. Do do, can day manh viec tuyen truyen, nang cao nhan thuc cho xa hgi, cho doanh nghiep khoi nghiep ve SHTT, ddi mdi sang tao, dac biet la d§.y manh tuyen truyen, nang cao nhan tiiuc ve vai trd va sy gan ket giiia ddi mdi sang tao va SHTT trong cgng ddng sinh vien va doanh nghiep khcd nghiep, bdi day la the he "tiem nang" hinh thanh va phat trien doanh nghiep khdi nghidp.
Ben canh vai ttd cua Nha nudc thi vai trd ciia cgng ddng khdi nghiep ciing rat quan ttgng ttong viec ho ttg cac doanh nghiep khdi nghiep. Cin cd chinh sach va giai phap nhim khuydn khich cac doanh nghiep hoat ddng chung, kdt ndi thanh mgt cgng dong, tten ca sd do cd cac che tai va quy dinh dd hg tu ho ttg lan nhau,
gdp phan xay dung ndn tang ben viing cho khdi nghiep. Can sdm nghien eiiu xay dung mang ludi cac trung tam SHTT va chuydn giao cdng nghe tai cac trudng dai hgc, vien nghien cuu va cac doanh nghiep dd tang cucmg lien ket giu'a cac dan vi nay.
Khi bat dau khoi nghiep, ro rang se cd nhieu khd khan, dac biet khi thieu ndn tang ve mat phap ly ciing nhu cac td chiic tu vin chuyen nghiep thi khd khan se nhidu han, doanh nghiep rat khd de nit ngan dugc qua ttinh cho ra dcd cac san pham cua minh va phat trien md hinh kinh doanh. Vi vay, can xiic tien thanh lap cac td chiic tu van chuyen nghiep giiip cac doanh nghiep khdi nghiep cd the phat ttien nang luc kinh doanh va nang luc quan tti tai san tti tue.
* Ddi vdi doanh nghiep
SHTT la van de phap ly diu tien ma doanh nghiep khdi nghiep can dac biet quan tam khi da hinh thanh y tudng va phat tridn y tudng. De ttanh nhirng vudng mic va ttanh chip ve SHTT, can bao mat y tudng cho ddn tan thdi diem chinh thiic gia nhap thi trudng, hoac timg budc bdc lg y tudng dd vdi cac ddi tac hd trg hoac hgp tae khdi nghiep (ndu cd) qua cac giao ket bao mat thich hgp (Khoa hgc tte, 2016). Trudc khi cdng khai y tudng hay dang ky kmh doanh dd hoat dgng, cac nha khdi nghiep hay doanh nghiep khcri nghiep cd tiie dang ky SHTT eho y tucmg kinh doanh cua mmh (Bao Tm tuc, 2018). Nha khdi nghiep cd thd lua chgn dang ky nhan hieu, ban quyen, sang che, ki6u dang cdng nghiep... duoi danh nghia ca nhan, de ngan ehan viec danh cip y tudng hoac it nhit la dd khdng vudng mic vao cac vi pham ve SHTT ttong qua trinh kinh doanh sau nay (Van Anh, 2018).
Khi dang ky bao hg SHTT, ngudi khdi nghiep nen thuc hien sin nhieu phuang an tuang tu nhau, ca vd kidu dang lin ten ggi.
26
nham xay dung rao can ngan khdng cho nguoi khac lam phuang an nhai (Khoa hgc tte, 2016). Trong trudng hgp xac dinh dugc mdt ben nao do cd hanh vi xam pham quyen SHTT, doanh nghiep can biet each bao ve quyen lgi ehinh dang ciia minh, cd quyen va can thye hien cac bien phap phap ly nham phan ddi ngudi khac su dung cac ddi tugng SHTT ciia minh ngay tir giai doan hg nop dan xin dugc cap van bang bao hg, hay khi hg xiic tidn kinh doanh (gidi thieu, quang cao...). Ddng thdi, doanh nghiep cung cd the yeu cau cac c a quan cd ttach nhiem xu ly hoac don vi chu quan cac ttang mang gd bd thdng tin cd kha nang anh hudng den chii sd hiiu, yeu cau xir ly hanh vi vi pham thdng qua cac bien phap hanh chinh, dan sir, hinh sir (Minh Thuy, 2017).
Mdi doanh nghiep-khdi nghiep phai t u y thiic dugc vai ttd quan ttgng ciia SHTT ddi vdi sy phat trien cua doanh nghiep minh, biet rd pham vi quyen cua minh ddi vcri cgc tai san SHTT. Doanh, nghiep khdi nghiep phai tu nang cao nhan thiic ve SHTT cho chinh doanh nghiep minh, cho toan the can bd, nhan vien.
De thye sy phat huy dugc nang luc nay, doanh nghiep khdng chi can mdt khoan dau tu thich dang cho hoat ddng tao dung, phat ttien, dang ky bao hd tai san tri tue ciia minh ma cdn phai cd kien thiic ve khai thac, sir dung tai san dd. Neu chi dang ky ma khdng sii dung hoac sii dung khdng hieu qua thi viec dang ky SHTT se tra nen vd nghia, gay lang phi, tdn kem. Viec xay dyng va thuc hien mdt chien lugc quan tri tai san tti tue cdn giiip doanh nghiep giam thieu nii ro ttong qua ttinh khai thac va sir dung tai san tti tue ciia minh, phat ttien nhirng quan he ddi tac va phat ttien khdi tai san tri tue nham nang cao vi the canh ttanh. De quan tti tdt va khai thac hieu qua cac tai san tti
hie, doanh nghiep cd tiid chu ddng quan tri hoac time cac van phdng luat su (hoac luat su) thuc hien viec quan tii thdng qua hgp ddng thue quan tri tai san tti tue. ^
Trong tidn ttmh hgi nhap kmh te quoc td, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam budc phai tham gia mdi ttardng canh ttanh qudc te vdi nhiing yeu ciu chat che vd thuc thi cac quy dinh vd SHTT. Do dd, cac doanh nghiep cang can phai dang ky SHTT dd bao ve quydn lgi cua muih va giam thieu rui ro lidn quan den SHTT.
Viet Nam hien da la tiianh vien cua Cong udc Paris vd Bao hg sd hiiu cdng nghiep, Hiep udc Hgp tac sang che (PCT), Thda udc va Nghi dinh Madrid ve dang ky qudc te nhan hieu hang hda. Do dd, cac doanh nghiep can tim hieu dd cd the dang ky bao hd sang che, nhan hieu va kieu dang cdng nghiep cua minh df nudc ngoai radt each phu hgp, cd the lua chgn ragt sd hoac tat ca cac nudc thanh vien de dang ky. Tuy nhien, doanh nghiep can xera xet minh cd tiem nang xuat khau d thi trudng nao thi quan tara bao ve tai thi trudng dd, de ttanh lang phi chi phi ngudn lyc. Cac doanh nghiep ciing can thara khao thdng tin va de nghi hd ttg tir phia cac c a quan quan ly, cac hiep hdi va hgi chuyen ve SHTT de chgn giai phap thich hgp eho chien lugc phat ttidn cua minh.
4. Ket Iuan
Nhieu doanh nghiep khdi nghiep chua nhan thiic day du ve vai ttd va t i m quan ttgng cua SHTT, tap trung chu yeu vao viec thanh lap doanh nghiep, keu ggi vdn dau tu ma chua nghT den viec dang ky quydn bao ve SHTT, hoac neu dang ky lai thidu chidn lugc quan ly ve SHTT. Thye t i nay mgt phan bat ngudn tir nhan thiic cua chu doanh nghiep, tir han che ve vdn hoac do he thdng van ban phap luat ve SHTT cua Viet Nam
con cdng kenh, thdi gian de dugc dang ky thu tuc bao hg quyen SHTT cdn keo dai...
Vi vay, dd nang cao hieu qua dang ky SHTT vdi cac doanh nghiep khcri nghiep, can cd he thong giai phap ddng bg cua Nha nudc, dia phuang ket hgp vdi cdng ddng, td chiic tu van va ban than cac doanh nghiep, dac biet ttong bdi canh Viet Nara dang hdi nhap qudc td manh me Men nay, voi nhieu hiep dinh thuang mai ty do (FTA) the he moi dugc ky ket, ttong dd cac cam ket SHTT d miic do cao va toan dien han, pham vi cac van de dieu chinh da dang, bao triun nhieu ITnh vyc, yeu cau siet chat thye thi quyen SHTT thdng qua cac che tai xir ly bang bien phap dan sy, hanh chinh va ca hinh sy a Tai lieu tham khao
1. Van Anh (2018), Doanh nghiep khai nghiep con "thd a" vdi tdi sdn tri tue ciia minh, https://vov.vn/khoi-nghiep/doanh- nghiep-khoi-nghiep-con-tho-o-voi-tai- san-tri-tue-cua-minh-S 53 792. vo V 2. Bao Tin tiic (2018), Doanh nghiep
khdi nghiep vdn "thd a" vdi viec ddng ky sd hOu tri tui, https://baotintuc.vn/
kinh-te/doanh-nghiep-khoi-nghiep- van-tho-o-voi-viec-dang-ky-so-huu-tri- ttie-20181226081627682.htm 3. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh
(2014a), Tinh hinh chung ve ddng ky doanh nghiep thdng 12 vd ndm 2014, https://dangkykinhdoanh.gov.vn/vn/
tin-ttic/598/4113/tinh-hinh-chung-ve- dang-ky-doanh-nghiep-thang-12-va- nam-2014.aspx
4. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh (2014b), Tinh hinh doanh nghiip gidi the, tgm ngimg hogt dgng vd quay trd lgi hogt dgng ndm 2014, https://
dangkykinhdoanh. go V. vn/vn/tin- ttic/598/4114/tinh-hinh-doanh-nghiep-
giai-the—tam-ngung-hoat-dong-va- quay-tto-lai-hoat-dong-nam-2014.aspx 5. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh
(2015a), Tinh hinh chung vi ddng ky doanh nghiep thdng 12 vd ndm 2015, https://dangkykinhdoanh.gov.vn/vn/
tin-tuc/59 8/4181 /tinh-hinh-chung-ve- dang-ky-doanh-nghiep~thang-12-va- nara-2015.aspx
6. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh (2015b), Tinh hinh doanh nghiep gidi the, tgm ngimg vd quay trd lgi hogt dgng thdng 12 vd ndm 2015, https://
dangky kinhdoanh.gov. vn/vn/tin- tuc/598/4182/tmh-hinh-doanh-nghiep- giai-the~tam-ngung-va~quay-tto-lai- hoat-dong-thang-12-va-nam-2015.aspx 7. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh
(2016a), Tinh hinh chung ve ddng ky doanh nghiep thdng 12 vd ndm 2016, http s: //dangky kinhdo anh .gov. vn/vn/
tin-tuc/598/4253/tinh-hinh-chung-ve- dang-ky-doanh-nghiep—thang-12-va- nam-2016.aspx
8. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kmh doanh (2016b), Tmh hinh doanh nghiip quay trd Igi hogt ddng, tgm ngimg vd gidi thi thdng 12 vd nam 2016, https://
dangky kinhdoanh.gov. vn/vn/tin- ttic/5 9 8/425 2/tinh-hinh-doanh-nghiep- quay-tto-lai-hoat-dong~tam-ngung-va- giai-the-thang-12-va-nam-2016.aspx 9. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kinh doanh
(2D17a), Tinh hinh chung vi ddng ky doanh nghiip thdng 12 vd ndm 2017, https://dangkykinhdoanh.gov.vn/vn/
tin-ttic/598/4337/tinh-hinh-chung-ve- dang-ky-doanh-nghiep-thang-12-va- nam-2017.aspx
10. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kmh doanh (2017b), Tmh hinh doanh nghiep quay trd lgi hogt dgng, tgm ngimg vd gidi
the thdng 12 vd ndm 2017, https://
d a n g k y k i n h d o a n h . g o v . v n / v n / t i n - tuc/598/4338/tmh-hinh-doanh-nghiep- quay-tto-lai-hoat-dong~tam-ngung-va- giai-the-thang-12-va-nam-2017.aspx 11. Cue Quan ly Dang ky kmh doanh (2018),
Tinh hinh dangky doanh nghiep thdng 12 vd ndm 2018, https://dangkykinhdoanh.
gov.vn/vn/tm-tuc/598/4897/tinh-hinh- dang-ky-doanh-nghiep-thang-12-va- nam-2018.aspx
12. Cue Sdhiiu tri tue (2018),5ao cao r/;i/o«g^
nien hogt ddng sd hieu tri tui 2017, http://noip.gov.vn/noip/resource.nsf/
vwResourceList/86BBBBF8742DE6D- 34725834600148D08/$FILE/Bao%20 cao%20SHTT%202017.pdf
13.Nguydn Duyen (2017), Bdo hg thuong hieu d nudc ngodi: Cdn su hd trg cua cdc ben, https://congthuong.vn/bao-ho- thuong-hieu-o-nuoc-ngoai-can-su-ho- tto-cua-cac-ben-111978.html
14. Phuong Ddng (2018), Ly do 7.000 doanh nghiep ddhg cua mdi thdng, https ;//vnexpre s s .net/kinh-do anh/ly- do-7-0 00-doanh-nghiep-dong-cua-raoi- thang-3836155.html
15.My Huyen (2018),• Startup cd nen ne trdnh ddng k^ quyen sd hieu tri tue?, https://entemews.vn/startup-co-nen-ne -tranh-dang-ky-quyen-so-huu-tri-tue- 135463.htral
16. Pham Hung (2018), Sd hieu tri tui: Ddn bdy giiip doanh nghiip khdi nghiep ldn mgnh, https://www.vietnamplus.vn/so- huu-tri-tue-don-bay-giup-doanh-nghiep- khoi-ngliiep-lon-manh/503065.vnp
17. Khoa hgc tte (2016), Sd hieu tri tui: lirdi phdng vi cho nguoi khdi nghiep, http://
www.khoahoctre.com.vn/tin-tuc/hoi- thi-giai-thuong/giai-thuong-sv-nckh- eureka/phong-su/hoat-dong-khoa-hoc- c o n g - n g h e / v u o n - u o m / t i n - t u c / n h i p - song-tre/hoat-dong-doan—hoi/so-huu- tti-ttie:-luoi-phong-ve-cho-nguoi-khoi- nghiep-14703 65315.httnl
18. Nhat Minh (2017), Thdch thiic vdi cdc chit thi trong bdo ve qtiyen sd hOu tri tue, http://www.nhandan.com.vn/xahoi/
i t e m / 3 2 7 9 5 1 0 2 - t h a c h - t h u c - v o i - c a c - chu-the-trong-bao-ve-quy en-so-huu- tri-tue.html
19. Dmh Hiru Phi (2019), Ndng cao hieu qud cua hogt ddng sd hihi tri tue a nudc ta de ddp img yeu cdu phdt trien vd hdi nhdp qudc ti, http://www.tapchicong s a n . o r g . v n / H o r a e / N g h i e n c u u - T r a o doi/2019/53690/Nang-cao-hieu-qua- cua-hoat-dong-so-huu-tri-tue-o .aspx 20. Mmh Thuy (2017), Ludt bdo hd quyen sd
hitu tri lue cho cdc khdi nghiip, https://
khoinghieptte.vn/luat-bao-ho-quyen-so- huu-tri-tue-cho-cac-khoi-nghiep 21. Trin Quang Vinh (2018), Tiip sice
khdi nghiep: Gd vudng quyen sd hitu tri tui, https ://www.thesaigontimes.
vn/274107/Tiep-suc-khoi-nghiep-Go- vuong-quyen-so-huu-tri-tue.html 22. Vietnam Business Forum (2017), SdhOu
Tri tue: Md Idi cho doanh nghiep khdi nghiep thdnh cdng, http://vccinews.'vn/
news/17304/so-huu-tti-tue-mo-loi-cho- doanh-nghiep-khoi-nghiep-tiianh-cong.
html
