Tap chl KHOA HyC & CUNU NUHb
MIEU TA TINH TIET TRONG TRUYEN KliUVk KIM VAN KIEV TRUYEN T r i n Thj Nhung' Truang Dgi hgc Suphgm - DH Thdi Nguyen
T O M T A T
Tiep can cac lai lieu nghien ciiu ve mieu ta tmh tiet trong Truyin Kieu va Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen, chung toi nhan thay nghien ciiu ciia hpc gia trong va ngoai nude tuy dat duac nhieu thanh tini nhung chua giai quyet dugc triet de cac van de khoa hoc dgl ra, giiia cac hpc gia co nhieu -y kien trai chieu, Vi vgy, bai bao khai quat va di sau phan tich d^c Urmg trong mieu ta tinh till ciia Truyin Kiiu va Kim Vdn Kieu truyin, ly giai nguyen nhan dan den su khac biel nay. Chiing loi cho rang, viec Nguyen Du luge bo hay them bdt cac doan mieu la linh tilt trong nguyen tac hoan toan khong phai do nhung doan mieu ta nay khong co gia tri nghe thuat nhu mot so nha nghien ciiu timg khang dinh, ma do ba nguyen nhan chinh. Nhiing kien giai nay se giiip ta co them ccr sd mdi de danh gia khach quan sang tgo dpc dao cua Nguyin Du, tranh duoc nhung danh gia phien dien mpt chieu ve Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin cua Thanh Tam Tai Nhan,
Tir khoa: Truyin Kiiu. Nguyin Du. Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin, tinh tiit, mieu td
K e tir n i m 1941 - khi D u o n g Quang H a m x a c nhan Kim Vdn Kieu truyen vdi tu each la " c l n tich" ciia Truydn Kieu dgn nay, lich su nghien ciru so sanh Truyen Kieu va Kim Vdn Kieu truyen d l Uai qua gan mdt the ky. Tuy vay, phan ldn cac nghign ciiu cdn thieu chieu sau va nhflng am hieu can Ihiet ve tac pham nguyen gflc Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen va Truyen Kieu. Dieu nay dan dfln bat dflng quan diem giua hgc gia hai n u d e .
MiSu ta linh d e t t r o n g Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen Kim Vdn Kieu truyen cua Thanh T a m Tai Nhan la mflt lieu thuygt van xudi, chiu anh h u d n g sau sac ciia truygn thflng tieu thuyet b^ch thoai T n m g Quoc. Mgt trong nhung d^c diem quan trgng cua tac p h a m nay la chu trpng thual s y va mieu la tinh tigt, Dpc Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin, ngu'di dgc b i t g l p nhu:ng doan migu la tinh tigt trong sudt liln trlnh cau chuygn: cugc hen hd gifta Thuy Kieu va Kim Trpng (Hfli 2), canh cflng sai hanh ha cha con V u a n g Vign ngoai (Hdi 4 ) , canh Thiiy K i l u ban minh (Hfli 5, 6), canh Tu Ba ep Thuy K i l u tilp khach (Hdi 8,9), canh Thuc Sinh ciiu K i l u khdi nha chiia (Hfli 12), canh Hoan T h u trimg Iri Thuc Sinh va Thiiy K i l u (Hoi 15), canh Thuy K i l u bao an bao oan (H6i 16),
* Tel- 0962 211 286; Email: [email protected]
canh Hd Tfln Hien chieu hang Tir Hal (Hdi 18,19)... L i y do^n miflu ta tuih liel V u o n g Thliy Kieu bao oan lam vi du. Nguygn tac dung chi tigt khac hga canh tuang. kg ac chiu tdi mflt cdch kinh hoang: ' T u chi ciia M a B i t Tien bi dung gam cang ra, lot het da, nit s^ch gan, x e lirng tay c h i n tach rdi de iing vdi Idi t h l c u a y , . . " [ 6 ; 1 7 2 - 1 7 3 ] .
Nhflng mieu ta nay vdn bi nhigu hpc gia Viel Nam phg phan gay gal. Dpc gia Viet Nam cung khdng nhigu hiing thu vdi chiing. Qua thuc, d mpt gdc d o nao dd, chung ggi cho ngudl dgc cam giac tanh rgn, lan nhan, Tuy nhign, nghign cuu chigu sau Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen cho thay, nhflng chi tiet nay dii tan khde nhung lai cd nhiing chirc n l n g nghp thuat nhit dinh. Chiing khong chi chiing minh sy tdn tai cua quy luat nhan qua bao iing, ma d mgt khia canh khac, chiing con la nhftng chi tiet mieu ta n h l m thoa man khoai cam "ac gia ac b a o " cua dgc gia Trung Quoc d u a n g thdi.
Nha nghign c u u Trieu NghTa Son trong cu6n Nghien cuu tir khiic ky sinh trong tieu thuyet Minh Thanh limg nhan dinh "Trong tang lap thi dan, cd khdng it ngudi thich dgc nhftng doan migu la "tan ludng ciing hinh" ve "gian ta", "dam dao", "sat nhan", "ngu s i c " . . . " [7;
44]. Day chinh la lign d e dan dgn hau bet cac tigu thuygt chuang hdi Minh Thanh deu chii y
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Tran Thj Nhung Tap chi KHOA HQC & CU.\Li SHiiHii c/;!;^: rs^z:;
den vipc migu ta linh tiet rat ti mi. Trong Kim Binh Mai, tmh lilt con meo Tuygl Su Tir cua Phan Kim Lign cao xe con trai mdt tuoi hai thang cua Tay Mdn Khanh dugc mieu la tudng t^n d h6i 59, ggi cam giac kinh rgn, Nhung migu ta tudng tiin do ggi len ban tinh dpc ac cua Phan Kim Lign, tai hien cai chgt tham thuang ciia hai nhi v6 tpi Tfl Quan, khien cho dpc gia nhin Ihay can canh cugc dau tranh lan kh6c trong nfli bfl gia dinh Tay Mon Khanh. Chiing ciing la tign dg cho doan mieu ta vg "ac gia ac bao" xay ra vdi Phan Kim Lign vg sau, Ihda mln tim ly phuc lap vg
"d6 ac higu thien" cua dgc gia ihi dan. Nhflng doan migu ta nhu vay xuat hien nhieu trong tat ca cac tieu thuyet thong tye Minh Thanh.
DoEiii migu ta tinh liet Tii Ba day Thuy Kigu ky nghe liep khach cflng nam trong trao luu thdi dai do. Chi cd mgt tinh ligt, nhung ngudi tran thual da diing Idi lren dudi 4000 chfl dg migu ta li mi, Nhftng mieu ta nay vira thiic day sir phat trign cot truyen, vua cd vai tro tai hien hien thyc ddi song kJ vipn, dap iing tam ly higu ky cua nhieu ddc gia thi dan.
Co thg ndi, nhflng tinh tigt dugc mieu ta ti mi trong Kim Vdn Kieu truyen tuy khflng phai la hoan ml, nhung d mpt mirc do nhit dinh, chiing da itto ngn tinh dgc dao cho tac phim.
It nhat, nhflng mieu ta linh tilt nay cd tac dung khac hga nhan vat, thiic diy cdt truyen phat trign, 16 dam chu dg va tai hien hipn Ihyc cuflc sflng, chiing co lign quan tryc tigp din thi hilu ciia dflc gia. Nghien ciiu Kim Vdn Kieu truyen, chiing ta khdng ngn bd qua hay coi nhp d|e digm nay.
Mieu ta tinh tiet trong Truydn Kiiu Ngu nhu migu ta tinh tiet la dac trung quan trgng, la thg manh cua tigu Ihuyet chuong hoi noi chung va lilu Ihuygl Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen noi rigng, thi day lai khflng phai la thi manh ciia Truyen Kieu hay bit ky mgt tac phim truypn Iho N6m nao khac, So sanh co Ihl Ihay, Nguyin Du tuy rat bam sat nguyen lac nhung dng chi gift lai nhung npi dung chinh ygu, con rat nhilu cae doan migu ta, tir ngin
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vai ddng dgn dai vai ngan chft, dng dlu chi lai tao trong viii ddng tha, tham chi la bo hoan toan khflng hg vigl den. Dien hinh la flng da luge bd toan bp hoi 6, vilt hdi 5 thanh 20 eau iha, vilt hdi 10 ihanh 70 cau tha, chuyin hfli 18 vilt vg Thliy Kieu IrCmg tri kg ac lupc thanh 4 cau Iha... Vdi nhftng doan mieu ta nay, ho|c dng luge bo hoan toan; hole flng cai bien mpt each tinh xao Iheo quy lull: gia tang linh Iru tinh, di slu n^i tam nhan vlt va chii trgng mieu ta thieh nhign.
Gia tang tinh trft tinh la mdt xu hudng diln hinh cua Nguyin Du Irong qua trinh tai tao Truyen Kieu. Nguyen Du dac bipt chu trpng tilp diu nhung doan migu ta tiem an chit trir tinh, tren ca sd do gia tang chat Irfl linh cho tinh liet. Chang han, doan Vuong Quan kl v6 cugc ddi danh nu IMO. Dam Tien, Kim Trpng tuong tu, Thliy Kieu danh dan cho Kim Trpng nghe, Thliy Kieu d lau Ngung Bich.,. Vi du tinh tiet Kieu danh dan trong bufli hpn ho Kim Trgng. Vdi tinh tigt nay, nguygn tac diing biil phap ta thyc dg mieu ta tieng dan, nhan manh chfl "tai" ciia Thuy Kigu: "Lien dua may ngon tay thon nhd, khua dgng day to, ban dlu nghe nhu hac keu, ke den nhu vugn hdt, luc khoan nhu gid thoang, luc gap nhu mua rao.,. Gay mli cho din Iflc dau chuygn sao ddi, dflng ho da diem canh ba Thiiy Kieu mdi dimg lay, thua ring da trgn khiic." [4; 24]. Tu doan van Hem an chat trfl tinh nay, Nguyen Du kheo leo tiep thu cai bien thanh nhflng clu tha ncing dupm trft tinh. Khien cho lieng dan trong Truydn Kieu khong chi cdn la tigng dan thyc, ma con la tieng dan chua chan cam xuc tam tinh ngudi trong cugc;
So ddn ddy vii ddy vdn Bon ddy to nho theo vdn cung thicang.
Khi tua goi, khi cui ddu, Khi vo chin khue khi chau doi mdy.
(471-488) Xu hudng gia ling linh trft tinh trong Truyen Kieu con dugc the hipn d viec ngudi Iran thuat thudng tryc ligp tham gia vao clu
1 gp cm ivnuA nyu 6L UUINU iNuni;!.
chuyen. Vi dy, de nhan manh tpi ac cua bgn quan sai, nguygn lac khach quan, tudng tan mieu ta canh cha con Vuong Vien ngoai bi danh. Nguyen Du ngugc lai, dng khflng dung but phap mieu ta ti mi tinh tigt ma tryc tigp thg hien nhung Idi binh luan ngo^i de vl hanh dpng cua quan sai, nhan manh n6i thdng khfl va oan uc cua cha con hg Vuang. Ngudi trin Ihual ba iin nhic dfln tir "oan". Qua phuang thuc nay, ngudi tran thuat cong khai bilu hien thai do.
Cung vdi xu hudng gia tang tinh trft tinh cho cau chuyen, Nguyin Du cd y thii'c tilp Ihu kha Iriet dg cac do^n migu ta vg thien nhign, gia cong sang t?o hinh tugng thien nhign. Ong dung hlnh anh ihign nhien de an du vl hinh tugng nhan vat, dung thien nhien dg phan anh khflng gian sinh ho^t ciia nhan vat, va dung thign nhign dg khac hga canh ngg, tam ly, van menh nhan vat. Trong Kim Vdn Kieu truyen CO 9 lan migu ta thign nhign, nhung da sfl dgu rat so luge, va ciing chi cd 2 lan thien nhien dugc dung dg khac hga nfli tim. Cl phuang dien nay, Truyin Kieu co mi Ihe han nhieu.
Tac pham cd khoang 222 cau tho mieu la ve Ihien nhien, nhftng cau Iho do gdp phan quan trpng khong the thieu de tao ngn thanh cdng
•cua taet tac, Chang han, migu ta tinh tiet Kim Trgng Ird vg vudn Thuy, Thanh Tam Tai Nhan thien ve thuat su, ta ti mi tiing Idi thoai, timg hanh ddng cua nhan vat, tir dd tudng tan tai hien dien bien cau chuyen. Nguyen Du van gifl nguyen tinh till, lihung lai luge bd nhilu doan van thuat sy, them vao do dng don biit luc dg mieu ta thign nhign, khic hga ngi tam Kim Trgng. CJ tinh liel nay, nguygn tac chi cd duy nhat mgt cau van ta canh. Trong khi do, Truyin Kiiu cd dgn 13 dflng Iha la canh, dien ta mdt each sinh dgng tam Irang bufln ba ciia Kim Trgng va tinh canh bi tham cua gia dinh hp Vuong.
Cling vdi xu hudng gian luge, gia lang ti'nh trft tinh va xay dyng hinh tugng thign nhien, Nguyin Du dac biel quan tam din nhung chi tilt mieu ta ngi tam nhan vat, Neu nhu nguyen lac chu frgng dgn ngon ngft \k hanh
dgng nhan vat, thi Truyen Kieu lai dac bipt chu Irgng din hoai dgng tam ty va canh ngg cua hg. Liy tinh tigt mieu la canh mua ban Thuy Kieu lam vf du. Vdi tinh net nay, nguyen lac diing rat nhieu chi tigt migu ta canh mu Ham "vuot chan keo lay, xoa limg nan canh", bat Thiiy Kigu de Ihg, danh dan, mac ca chi li, ti mi tudng tan Iran Ihuat mflt canh ban than chlng khac gl ban mpt dfl vat, v6 ciing chan thyc, the hien hinh anh mgt Thliy Kieu dly li tri tru'dc con gia bien.
Nhung dfli vdi Nguyen Du, ban than la mflt noi tui nhuc den ciing cue, vay ngn dng it chii y dgn su kien ma chu trong migu ta cam giac cua Thuy Kigu, dung tu diem nhin bgn trong de migu ta, lai hien noi then thimg, nhuc nha, khd dau ciia nang:
Buong trong mot da gitic nang kip ra.
Noi minh them ticc noi nha, Moi cang ven tdc bdt tay.
Net buon nhu cue. dieu gdy nhu mai...
(632-648) Qua do cd thg thiy, neu nhu Thanh Tam Tai Nhan cang chii trgng mieu ta tinh chin thuc cua sy taen Ihi Nguyen Du lai co xu hudng chii trpng nhiing khac hga de phan anh ndi lam ciia nhan vat, 6ng khong chu Irgng sy kien ma dng quan tam dgn "khflc doan trudng". Do do, mdi cau tho trong Truyen Kieu dgu Iran trg xuc cam va lay dflng dflc gia.
Co the thay, Truyen Kieu tuy khdng cd uu the trong mieu ta tinh tilt, h^n che trong kha nang bao quat biic tranh hien thyc rgng ldn nhung tac phlm lai chfl trgng nhflng chi tigt gia tang tinh Irft tinh, migu ta thign nhign va ngi lam nhan vit. Xu hudng nay dugc van dung thanh cdng va xuygn suot irong loan tac pham, khien cho Truyen Kieu trd thanh mdt "cu6n tigu thuyet blng iho", mdi "cudn sach cua ngan lam trang".
M9t vai kien giai
Ly giai vg sy khic biet gifta hai lac pham trong phuang thiic migu ta tinh tiet,.hpc gia hai nude da timg co nhilu y kien khac nhau [l;6l], [2;336], [3;5I7], [4;87]. [5;231], [8].
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Tran Thi Nliung Tgp chi KHOA HOC C Mpi sd hpc gia cho ring, nhftng mieu ta tinh till Irong nguyen lac "kg lg dai ddng", "nhigu khi thfl bi, cd hai vdi mj cam cfla ngudi doc"
[2; 336] la chua thda dang. Nhu chung toi da phan tich, nhung mieu ta tinh tigt trong Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin cd nhilu tac dung, chung la ylu Ifl nghe thual do tac gia chu dflng sang lao dl the hien chu de tu tudng, khac hpa nhan vat, thuc day linh lilt phat triln. Nhflng mieu la linh till nay tuy xa 1^ vdi dgc gia Viet Nam, dem lai cam giac tan nhan, nhung chiing lai thuflc ve phong each thai dai, phii hgp vdi thi hieu higu ky cua ddc gia thi dan Trung Quoc duong thdi.
Mgt sd hgc gia khac cd quan diem cho rang, Nguyen Du da ha thap hinh tugng anh hiing thao da, mi hda tudng soai quan quan trigu dinh", "che day sy dflc ac cua phong kign quy tpc" [4; 87],,, Quan digm nay cflng chua hgp
\i. Bdi vi, Nguyin Du tuy xuil than lii giai cip quy tpc, nhung flng gin gui vdi ngudi thflng khd, thuang ygu con ngudi, ddi vdi nhan vat trong Truyen Kieu, Nguygn Du lufln the hien quan digm nhan ban. Khflng chi trong Truyin Kieu ma trong loan bp cac sang tac ciia Nguygn Du dgu thg hien digu do.
Khong it hpc gia cho rang, Nguyen Du mudn ne tranh nhftng ehi tigt migu ta vg tinh due, quan digm nay cung chua thoa dang. Bdi vi, trong Truyen Kieu, Nguyen Du cho du luge bo rat nhigu cac doan mieu ta linh tiet lien quan den tinh dye trong nguygn lac, nhung trong tac pham lai cd nhflng cho Ihg hign ro quan niem lien bg vg "linh" va "due". Chlng han nhu trudc khi Kieu bi Ma Giam Sinh chigm doat than the, ngudi Iran thuat da dg nang co mgt doan dgc thoai ndi tam dgc dao, thg hien quan niem tign bg cua nang vg tinh yeu. 6 mflt tinh till khac, ngudi trin thuat da muon cd migu ta Thiiy Kieu tim dg ca nggi vg dep than ihg dly quyen rfl cfla nang. Dilu do cho thiy, Nguyin Du khflng hg ne tranh nhftng chi tigt migu la tinh due, ngugc l^i, ong CO mgi quan digm nhan ban va tiln bfl ve
"than" va "lim" cua con ngudi.
Mpt so hgc gia khae nhu Dao Duy Anh, LS Hoai Nam, Nguyin Huu Son, Tran Nho Thin cho rang, viec Nguyen Du luge bfl nhung migu ta chi tilt trong nguyen tac la do sir chuyen bign cua thg lo^i dem lai.
Nhung y tagn va quan diem tren day deu co li le nhat dinh, co nhung y kien dang dupc chung ta quan tam, tuy nhign cdn can tiep lye lam sang to bang nhftng li le cy thg dl thuylt phuc, mdi vai y tagn cdn phiem dien mgt chilu, Chiing Ifli cho ring, nhflng khac bipt trong migu la tinh tiet giua Truyen Kiiu va Kim Vdn Kieu truyen cd thg do mdt sd li do.
Thli nhai, d mdi sfl cho, Nguyen Du da lupc bd migu ta tinh tilt trong nguyen tac co the la do quan niem nghe thuat cua hai tac gia khdng giflng nhau. Thanh Tam Tai Nhan chii trgng migu la dien bign sy kien, chu Uong khle hga the gidi ben ngoai va con nguoi li Iri, con Nguygn Du lai ehu trpng mieu ta dien bign tam ly cua nhan vat, chii trpng the gidi ndi lam con ngudi. Cam hung cua Nguyin Du trong Truydn Kieu la cam hung ve than phan bi kich cua lai sac. Do do, nhftng mieu la trong nguygn tac khdng cd lac dung to dam khac hga than phln bac menh cua Thiiy Kieu, Nguyen Du dgu luge bd. Cac mieu ta tmh tiet tinh dye gifta Thuy Kieu va Ma Giam Sinh, Sd Khanh, Thflc Sinh dugc luge bo hoan toan la nam trong xu hudng nay
Thu hai, thi hieu cua dgc gia va phong each thdi d^i cung la nhan tfl chi phdi ngoi bilt ciia mdi tac gia, Tigu thuyet Trung Quflc tir Kim Binh Mai trd di, mieu la cugc sflng Ihudng nhat, chu Irgng mieu ta ddi sflng tinh due dan dan trd thanh trao luu. Tac gia Truang Quoc Tinh trong cudn Mieu td linh due trong tieu Ihuyet CO dgi Trung Quoc da dua ra muc luc thong kg cac tigu thuygt viel vg tinh due ciia tieu Ihuyet thflng tuc co dai, trong do true tigp mieu la ddi sdng linh due cd dgn 112 tac pham, Nhung chi tiet co lien quan den linh due trong Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin rlt co the cflng thuflc trao liru nay, Chlng han nhu hoi 10 eua tieu thuylt, ngudi Iran thuat da mugn
1 ap cm K.MUA Myc is. curJU NUML Idi Tfl Ba truyen giao nhftng ky nang giudng
chieu. Nhflng chi tiet migu ta bi coi la "cd hai ddi vdi mi cam ngudi dgc, khdng phuc vy cho chu dg tu tudng tac pham" nay ky thuc cd muc dich "giao nhan" kha ro net, rii gidng vdi nhftng mieu ta thg tinh trong tilu ihuyet Ihoai ban Trung Quflc duong Ihdi, Ngugc lai, nhung tac pham van hgc Viet Nam trung dai, trong bfli canh ma Truyen Kieu ra ddi, ngudi dgc deu thay cd mpi diem chung, tac gia dii vd ciing tan ddng nggi ca ve dep than thg con ngudi, rat lan ddng quan niem vg linh yeu lu do dfli Ilia, nhung vdi nhflng tinh tigt migu ta tinh due, cac tac gia Viet Nam dgu gian luge hole sii dung nhftng bien phap lu tu de che chan (tha N6m cua H6 Xuan Huong, Chinh phu ngam khiic, Cung oan ngam khue...) Thir ba, Nguyen Du luge bd m^t sfl migu ta tinh tiet trong nguygn tac bgn c£inh quan niem tham my cua ca nhan, con co mdi ly do rat quan trgng khac. Dd la do su chuyen dfli ve loai hinh the loai gifla hai tac pham nay.
Truyen Kiiu la lac pham thudc thg loai truyen Nflm, tac pham ro rang cd ban chg vg ty sy so vdi lieu ihuyet chuang hdi. Kim Vdn Kieu truyen cua Thanh Tam Tai Nhan lai la tac pham ty su van xufli, thign vg migu ta sy kien, nd vua cd the manh trong mieu ta hien thyc, vira CO the khic hpa tudng tan hinh tugng nhan vai, thdng qua viec kgt hgp dfli thosii, ty su va migu ta tinh tiet dg phan lich ndi tam nhan vat. Toan bd cdt truygn cfla Truyen Kiiu ngugc lai, dugc trien khai bang van van. That khd dg CO thg diing thg Iyc bat dl migu ta dugc tudng tan cac chi tiet nhu trong nguygn tac. Thay vao dd, tac gia chi cd the dung tho de luge thuat sy taen, khac hga tinh tigl va dua ra nhflng !di trft tinh ngoai dg. Day khflng chi la hign tugng cua rigng Truyen Kiiu ma cdn la hien tugng cua tit ca cac tac pham Iruypn tha Ndm khac. So sanh Hoa Tien ky cua Viet Nam va Hoa Tien truydn cua Trung Qu6c, chung ta cung cd thi thiy rii rfl die dilm nay. Cung khdng chi cac truygn N6m co ngudn gdc Trung Qudc mdi cd dac diem nay
ma la tat ca cac Iniyen Ndm ty lao cung v^y.
Chiing la can thua nhan rang, migu ta tinh liet la mpt thg manh cua tigu thuygt chuang hfli ndi rigng va cfla vln xudi tu sy noi chung, Nhung cung can thay rang, khi thg loai truyen tha Nom khdng co dugc uu the nay thi no lai cd nhflng uu thg ma the loai khac Ididng thg co dugc. Nhftng nhan xet phien dign cua mgt s6 nha nghien cuxi Trung Qu6c, tieu bieu la dng Ddng Vln Thanh la quan diem phien dien.
Nguyen Du luge bd nhung chi tiet nueu ta li mi vg canh quan sai hanh ha cha con Vuong 6ng la bdi vl rlt khd dg dung tha Iyc bai de migu ta cu ihg dugc nhflng chi tigl nhu nguyen tac. Ong chl co thg diing cau tha luc bat dg luac Ihuat su taen, phac hga chl liel va dung nhung cau trft tinh ngoai dg dg binh luan sy kien, Ihay ddi digm nhin thanh diem nhin bgn trong lam cho mgi su kien dugc ihuat lai bang xuc cam cua ngudi tran thuat. Migu ta tinh tigt trong tieu thuygt chuang hoi co uu the rieng, tao thanh an tugng sau sac vdi ddc gia. Rat nhigu dpc gia Viel Nam cho ring, nhflng doan mieu ta nay la dai dong, nhung nhigu dpc gia Trung Quflc lai himg ihii va ca nggi.
So sanh va li giai lren day giiip chung ta co each nhin loan dipn ban ve sy khac biel gifla Truyen Kieu va Kim Vdn Kieu truyen. Cung tir nhflng nghign cuu nay, chung ta hieu Ihem vg truygn thflng vln hgc cua Viel Nam va Trung Quflc. So sanh Truyen Kiiu va Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen noi rigng va cac lac phlm van hgc da qudc gia, can tranh chu nghTa dan tpc hpp hdi va nhftng danh gia phiefi dien, Dong thdi can chu y den nhflng thg manh cua mdi truygn ihdng van luan.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO I. Dao Duy Anh (2007), Khdo ludn vi Truyin Thuy Kiiu, Nxb. V5n hoa Thong tin. Ha Noi.
^, Nguyen Loc (1999), Vdn hpc Viil Ngm nica cuoi Ihi ky XVlli din nug ddu thi ky XIX, Nxb,Giao due. Ha Noi.
3. Le Xuan Lit (2007), 200 nam nghiin cicu bdn ludn Truyin Kiiu, Nxb Giao due, Ha Noi, 4.MSm.lS^mi999). i<4^m\^>} [M].;t
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Trin Thi Nhung Tap chi KHOA HOC ot I.,«JING INUME, IOI\-J,) i J - ^ u i
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SUMMARY
EVENT DESCRIPTION OF THE TALE OF KIEU AND THE STORIES OF JIN YUN QIAO
Tran Thi Nhung*
University of Education - TNU
On approaching research documents on the event description in "The Tale of Kieu" and "The Stories of Jin Yun Qiao ", we have found that although the smdies of domestic and foreign scholars gained many achievements, they have not thoroughly dealt with the given scientific problems - the contradictory opinions among scholars. This article is, therefore, aimed at generalizing and analyzing typical charactenstics in the event description in "The Tale of Kieu" and "The Stories of Jin Yun Qiao" in a more in-depth investigation, thereby explaining the causes of those discrepancies. We state that the reason why Nguyen Du omitted, added or removed segmental descriptions from the original episode is entirely not because the descriptive verses have no artistic value as some scholars asserted. Instead, there are three main reasons explaining this, as follows: the author's aesthetic viewpoint, readers' psychological absorption and, especially, the characteristics of each genre. These insights will help us have more fundamental basis to objectively evaluate unique creation of Nguyen Du, and avoid one-sided assessment of "The Stories of Jin Yun Qiao " byTliarih Tam Tai Nlian.
Keywords: The tale of Kieu. Nguyen Du. Kim Van Kieu story, event, description
Ngdynhgnbdi 13/01/2017. Ngdy phdn bien: 15/02/2017; Ngdy duyit ddng. 28/6/2017
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