V i e t n a m J o u r n a l of Physiology 2 1 (1), 3 / 2 0 1 7 I S S N : 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
TiNH TRANG DINH DU'O'NG C O A HOC SINH N G U ' a i MONG, T H A I , DAO VA CAC Y E U T d L I ^ N QUAN
Mai Van Hyng^'*, Tran Thj Minh^
T 6 M T A T ; Nghien eiru dwgc tien hanh tren 2559 hgc sinh ngw&i t\Adng, Thdi vd Dao, thdng qua eac chi sd nhdn trie nhdm ddnh gia tinh trang dinh dudng eua cac ddi twgng dieu tra. Kit qua nghien eiru cho thiy: Sw phdt triin cua mdt sd chi sd nhan trie ngwai luldng. Thdi, Dao the hidn tinh quy lu$t phdt triin hinh thdi ea thd ngw&i cOa cac dan toe it ngwai tai Vidt Nam. Tuy nhien. eac kich thw&c can ndng, chidu cao va vdng ngwc binh thw&ng cua cde quin the ngw&i trong nghien cu'u phdt triin chwa dwgc tdt, diiu ndy thd hidn a nhung f^ 1$ suy dinh dwang eua hp eung nhw mdi quan he giwa ede ehi s6 nhdn trie vai ede thdi quen dinh dwang eua ngw&i cac ddn tgc it ngw&i viing Tdy Bde bd.
TCP khoa: Dinh dwang, Mdng. Thdi, Dao, nhdn trie, dan tdc.
L D A T V A N D ^
Ngudi Vlgt Nam ndi chung v i c i c d i n tpc It ngudi ndi rieng hidn dang l i nhdm ngudi thap n h l t tren t h i gldl, c i c chT so hinh t h i i t h i Iyc cung d u d i trung binh trgn t h i gidl [6] N h i i u nghien cOu trudc dd da eho t h l y cac chi s i hinh the chiu i n h hudng tO mdi trudng song. N i m 2003 cdng trinh "Cac gia tri sinh hpc ngudi Viet nam thgp ky 90 the ky 20" da d u g c h o i n t h i n h v i nd da nhanh chdng trd thanh cam nang ciia c i c n h i nhan chung hgc Vigt Nam.
Nghien cOu n i y d u g c t h y c hien vdi muc dich x i c djnh ty le suy dmh dudng d hpc sinh Mdng, Thai, Dao t u i i tO 16-18 trong m i l lien quan d i n mpt so y i u to ve h o i n canh kinh te. thdi quen an uong v i thdi quen sinh hogt lien quan d i n tinh
trgng suy dinh d u d n g .
2. D 6 | TU-ONG VA PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CLPU
Nghien cuu d u a c t i i n hanh tren 2559 hpc sinh ngudi Mong, Thai, Dao, c i c chi s i n h i n trac d u g c do bao gom can ngng,
'Trudng Dai hpc Giao due, Bgi hpc Quoc gia Ha Npi
^ Trudng Dgi hpc Tay Bac
* Tac gia chju trich nhigm chfnh:
Mai Van Hung Email: [email protected] Ngay nhgn b i r 17/7/2016 Ngay nhan phan bign: 30/11/2016 Ngay chap nh^n dang' 5/1/2017
chieu cao, vdng ngyc. M l u nghien cOu d u g c chon ngau nhien, nghien cOu d u o c thyc hign theo qui e h u l n cua c i c nghien cOu v i hinh thai hoc, s i ligu dwgc xO li b i n g p h l n m i m WHO AnthroPlus.
3. K ^ T Q U A V A B A N LUAN 3.1. Cac kich thud'c nhan trac cua hpc sinh Mong, Thai, Dao
Can ngng: K i t qua nghien eOu can n i n g cua ddi tugng d u g c bleu d i i n trong cac bleu dd 1, 2. K i t qua nghien cuu cho t h l y c i n ngng ciia hgc sinh 16-18 t u i i trong nghien cuu tuan theo tinh quy lugt tang trudng c i n n i n g ciia ngudi Viet Nam.
tuy nhien can nang ciia hpe sinh ngudi T h i l v i Dao Igl cao han so vdi ngudi Mdng.
Chieu cao dOng: K i t qua v i c h i i u cao dung d u g c trinh b i y trong b i n g d u d i d i y . Hlnh 3,4 cho t h i y cd s y tang trudng c h i i u cao ciia ngudi nam va ngudi n u lap t u i i t o 16 din 18 thupe dan tgc Thai eao han so vdi 2 d i n tpc Dao v i Mdng.
Vdng ngwc binh thw&ng
K i t qua cho t h l y ; vong ngyc trung binh ciia hpc sinh ngudi Mong t h l p hon so vdl hpc sinh ngudi Thai v i ngudi Dao.
C i c sd lieu eho t h l y vdng nguc binh thud'ng ciia d i n tde Thai la cao nhat va d i n tdc Mong la t h l p n h l t . Nhu v i y , n l u so vdl nghien cuu cua Bg Y t i [1], c h i i u cao dOng, c i n nang v i vdng ngyc trung binh ciia hpc smh ngudi Mong, Dao va
V i e t n a m Journal of Physiology 2 1 ( 1 ) , 3 / 2 0 1 7 I S S N : 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
T h i i trong nghien cOu n i y t h l p hon so vdi chi so trung binh cua ngudi Vigt Nam.
3.2. Tmh trgng suy dinh dud'ng cua hpc sinh va mot so yeu to lien quan
K i t q u i cho thay cd hgn 13% hpc sinh ngudi Mong. 9.4% hgc sinh ngudi T h i i v i khoang 1 1 % hpc sinh ngudi Dao bi suy dinh d u d n g chieu cao theo t u i i . S i ligu d u g c trinh b i y trong b i n g 3.1.
K i t q u i nghien cOu cho t h l y cd 11.46% hpc sinh ngudi Mdng bj edm, con so nay d hpc sinh ngudi Thai v i Dao l l n lugt l i 4,48% va 8,37%.. So lipu d u a c trinh b i y trong bang 3.2
K i t q u i cho t h l y cd 6 , 5 1 % hpc sinh ngudi T h i i b| thOa c i n , ccn s i nay d hpc sinh ngudi Dao v i Mdng l l n lugt l i 1,65%
v i 4,05%; ty lp beo phi cua hpc sinh ngudi
Dao 16-18 t u i i l i 5,62% trong khi dd ngudi T h i i la 0,96% v i khdng cd hoc sinh ngugi Mdng bi bdo phi (p < 0,05).
3.3. Cac y i u to lien quan den tinh trgng suy dinh dud-ng cua hpc sinh
Ket q u i nghign cuu c i c yeu to Iidn quan d i n tinh trgng suy dinh d u d n g :
s i ligu g bang 3.3 cho t h l y hgc sinh s i n g trong gia dinh t h i i u an cd nguy ca bj cdi v i bj suy dinh d u d n g BMI/tuil cao l l n lugt g l p 5,25 v i 4,69 l l n so vdi hpc sinh s i n g trong gia dinh du i n .
K i t qua nghidn cOu eho t h l y nhung hpc sinh khdng cd thdi quen rOa tay x i phdng trudc khi an v i sau khi dl ve sinh cd nguy ca bj cdi v i bj suy dinh dudng BMI/tuii cao gap 12,12 v i 8.26 l l n so vdl nhung hpc sinh cd thdi quen nay.
58 -1 57 56 55 53 52 51 50 49 48
MSlv Thai Dao
oant^c
—•—16
—•—17 18
Bieu do 3.1. C i n ngng ciia nam gidl
Jhi\ Dao DSn t$c
Bieu do 3.2. Can ngng cua nO gidi
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Vietnam Journal of Physiology 21(1), 3/2017 ISSN: 1859-2376
E 166 ~ 165 - 164 -•
163 - 162 - 161 - 160 -•
M 6 i v TMf Dao
— • — 1 6 - • - 1 7 18
Bieu do 3.3. Chieu cao cua nam gidi
h
1 7 0 - 165 - 1 6 0 - 155 -
145 '
/
Mdrv
A. \
Thai Dao D l n t ^
— • — 1 6
— • — 1 7 18
Bieu do 3.4. Chieu cao ciia nO gidi
80 -
MAr« T M l Dao D i n t 9 c
Bieu do 3.5. Vdng ngyc binh thudng cua nam
35
Vietnam Journal of Physiology 21(1), 3/2017 ISSN: 1859-2376
g
so 75 70 65 60 55
.
1
Morv
^
Thii Dao DSnt$c
— • — 1 6
18
Bieu do 3.6. Vdng ngyc binh thud'ng cua n u
Bang 3.1. Tinh trgng suy dinh d u g n g chieu cao theo tuoi ciia hpc sinh
Tmh trang dinh du'd'ng
Binh thu'O'ng Coi R^t coi Tong
n 620
67 28 715
M6ng 86.71
%
9.37 3.91 100.0%
Dan toe
n 850
50 37 937
Thai 90.71
%
5.33 3.94 100.0%
n 810
71 26 907
Dao 89.30
%
7.82 2.86 100.0%
Bang 3.2. Tinh trang suy dmh dudng BMI theo t u i i cOa hpc sinh
Tinh trang dinh du'd'ng
Binh thuang Com Rat com Thira can Beo phi Beo phi nang T6ng
n 556
82 48 29
715 Vlong
77.76
%
11.46 6.71 4.05 0 0 100
n 795
42 28 61 9 2 937
Dan tpc Thai
84.84
%
4.48 2.98 6.51 0.96 0.21 100
n 710
76 36 15 51 19 907
Dao 78.28
%
8.37 3.96 1.65 5.62 2.09 100.0%
V i e t n a m J o u r n a l of Physiology 2 1 ( 1 ) , 3 / 2 0 1 7 I S S N : 1 8 5 9 - 2 3 7 6
Bang Tinh trang kii d i n h T h i i u an Dli an
T h i i u an Dli an
3.3.
nh 1 M i l lien :e gia
quan giua tinh trang kinh t i va tinh trgng suy dinh dudng Tinh trang din
Col 83 56 SDD BMI/tudt
104 274
ih du'd'ng Binh t h y d ' n g
167 1038 Binh thwang
294 1060
5.52 3.29 < OR < 8 57
4.69 2.32 < OR < 5,21
Bang 3.4. M i l Ndn quan glOa thdi quen rua tay xa phdng trudc khi an va sau khi di ve smh v i tinh trgng suy dinh duang
R i j a tay xi ve s i n h va Co Khong
Co Khong
a p h o n g sau tru'd'e khi an
Bang 3.5. Moi
Thoi q u e n Co Khong
Co Khong
an s a n g lien
l(hi d i
quan
Tmh trang d i n h du'd'ng Coi
39 109 SDD BMI/tudi
69 188
giu'a thdi quen an
Binh thu'O'ng 54 1200 Binh thimng
55 1250
12.12 8.20 < OR < 18.13
8.26 5.92 < OR < 11.36
sang va tinh trang suy dinh du'ong Tinh trang d i n h du'd'ng
Cdi 36 102 SDD BMI/tu6i
48 180
Binh thu'O'ng 60 1350 Binh thuang
107 1042
3.52 2.21 < OR < 4.65
2.33 1 1 5 < O R < 3 . 6 9 1
K i t qua nghien cuu cho thay nhung hpc sinh khdng cd thdi quen an sang cd nguy ea bj cdi v i bj suy dinh d u d n g BMI/tuii cao g l p 3,52 va 2,33 l l n so vdi nhung hpc smh cd thdi quen nay.
4. K£T LUAN
T9 Ig suy dinh dudng cCia hpc sinh Mdng, Thai v i Dao lua t u i i t u 16 den 18 t u a n g d i i cao, d i i u nay t h i hign qua c i c kich t h u d c can ngng va c h i i u cao ciia c i c
q u i n t h i tre em trong nghien cuu phat t r i i n chua d u g c tot. Hien tugng suy dmh dudng edn k h i p h i b i i n trong lua t u i i tO 16 d i n 18 ciia ngudi c i c d i n tpc Mdng, Thai, Dao ed lien quan den thdi quen dinh d u d n g , vg smh an u i n g , s y kham sue khde djnh ki v i tinh trgng kmh te gia dinh hoc sinh.
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Vietnam Journal of Physiology 21(1). 3/2017 ISSN: 1859-2376
TAI Lieu THAM K H A O 1. Bp Y t i (2003), Cac g i i trj smh hpc ngudi Vlgt Nam binh thudng t h i p ky 90 - T h i ky XX, NXB Y hpc. Ha Ndi.
2. Pham Van Hoan (2001), Moi lien quan giua an ninh t h y c p h l m hp gia dinh va tinh trang dinh dudng b i mp tre em ndng thdn m i i n Bac- K h u y i n nghj mdt s6 g i l l phap kha thi, L u i n i n T i i n sT Y hpc, Vidn Vd sinh djch t l Trung u a n g . Ha Ngi.
3. Van Hung Mai (2015),
"Morphological and Physical Indexes of Vietnamese People". LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Germany.
4. Stevens, Michael C. G, Landman et al (1983), "Skinfold thickness and nutritional status in young Jamaican children", Journal of West Indian medicine;
32(3), pp.161-167.
5. World Health Organization Department of Nutrition for Health and Development (2006), WHO Child Growth Standards: Training course on child growth assessment: C. Interpreting growth indicators, Geneva
SUMMARY
STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITION STATUS OF MONG, THAI DAO PEOPLE AND OTHER FACTORS
Mai Van H u n g \ Tran Thi Minh^
' Educational University, Hanoi National University ' Tay Bac University Research was carried out involving 2559 students aged 16 to 18. They were in Thai, /Wong and Dao minorities people. The indices evaluate anthropometric parameters for age. Results showed that: The basic anthropometric indexes of Mong, Thai and Dao students are not higher than those of Vietnam students but the development of these anthropometric parameters of them follow rules of body growth of Vietnamese people.
However, weight, height and chest circumference of students in this study were relatively low due to a high malnutrition rate, behavior and economic and natural conditions are important factors which have an effect on the health, morphology and physical status of people.
Keywords: nutrition, Mong, Thai, Dao, athropometric. minorities people
