Phan tfch cac thuan lori va kho khan trong viec ap dung ket cau ao dudng be tong xi mang trong cac dU an dudng bo cao toe tai Viet Nam
Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages in Application of Cement Concrete Pavement for Highway Projects in Vietnam
Ngay nhan bai: 16/4/2017 NgaysiJS bai: 5/5/2017 Ngay chap nhan dang: 6/5/2017
T 6 M
TAT:
Bil bao trinh bay ket qua ciia nghien cdu tim hieu ve tliujn loi va kho khan kin ap dung ket cau ao di(6ng be tong xi mfing cho cac diJ an dUting b ? cao toe tai Viet Nam. Cac dtJ Ueu ditijc phan tich bang kiem d m h thong ke, ket qua nghien cdu da danh gia xep hang cdc thuan ldi v i kho khan n h i m de xuat cac giai phap gop phan d^y manh ap dung k i t cau ao diiilng be tong xi mang trong cic di( an dilcmg bd cao toe tai Viet Nam trong tiiOng lai Ttf kh63: ket cau do duSng, qudn ly xay dUng, dU dn, dUdng bo
ABSTRACT:
This paper presents the results ofthe research on the advantages and disadvantages of using cement concrete pavement for highway projects in Vietnam. The data were analyzed by statistical inspection, the results of the study evaluated the advantages and disadvantages to propose solutions contribuling to promoting the application of cement concrete pavement for highway projects in Vietnam in the future
Keywords: pavement structure, construction management,
project, highwaysHoang T r o n g H i e p
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La r n o l q u o c gia san xuat va xuat khau k h o i t u o n g ldn xi m l n g m o i n l m . CO t i ^ m n i n g d ^ p h a t tnen ap d u n g ket cSu ao 6U6ng be t o n g xi m a n g (BTXM) c l i o c i c d u an dUcrng cao toe nhUng tai Vr^t Nam, kel cau ho dudng BTXM hien nay m o i chi d u o c a p d u n g cho cac d u an d u d n g n 6 n g t h 6 n , m o t so t u y ^ n quoc 16 v l tai m o t so t r a m t h u ph( tren cac doan d u o n g cao toe Ngay 16/J/2012 t h u c hien chi dao cua Thu l U i j n g Chmh p h i i , Bn Xay d u n g vh Bg Giao t h o n g v a n tai da co le ky k^t phoi h a p l a n g cUdng s u ' d u n g xi m l n g t r o n g x i y d u n g ket cSu ha t i n g giao t h d n g d Viet Nam, vdi m u c l i e u Uu t i e n sCl d u n g s i n phSm hang hoa s i n xuat t r o n g nU6c, t h i l c day sJn x u l t kmh doanh, ki^m c h ^ n h a p sieu. tiet kiem n i n g l u o n g va d i m b a o ve sinh m o i trUdng Tuy nhien den t h o i d i e m hien tai, van chua cd dU I n d U d n g b d cao toe n i o ap d u n g mat d u d n g BTXM d u o c t n e n khai t h u c hien va dUa vao sCr d u n g , c u n g n h u c h U a c6 m o t n g h i e n ciJu nao l i m hieu nhirtig kho k h a n va thuan I * khi ap d u n g ket can ao d u d n g BTXM t r o n g d i e u kien Viet Nam
I.PhUOng phap nghien ciiu 1 . 1 . Q u y t r i n h nghien ciru
Nghidn cUu d u o c thuc hien theo cac bUdc sau- _^
- BUOC 1 T h a m khao cac tai lieu nghien t:uu trUoc d l y va y kien cac c h u y e n gia t r o n g ITnh v u t d u d n g b o cao toe lap danh sach so b o cac tieu chl khd khan v l Ihuan loi t i e m nang
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- BUdc 2: Thiet ke b a n g cau h d i khao sat so b d
- BUdc 3: T h i r n g h i e m b a n g cau h d i khao sat v d i cac c h u y e n gia d e c h i n h sda h o ^ n t h i e n .
- Buoc 4. Khao sat dai t r i va t h u t h a p d i t lieu - B u d c E i P h a n l f c h d i l l i e u t h u d u a c
- Buoc 6: D a n h gia, dUa ra cac b o t i e u c h i t h u a n lor va k h d khan khi I p d u n g ket cau a o d U d n g 8TXM t r o n g cac d u an d u d n g b o cao tdc tai V i e l Nam,
1.2. T h u t h a p det l i e u
Sd l u o n g p h i e u k h i o sat d u o c g u i d e n ngUdi t h a m gia khao sat la 86 p h i e u b a o g o m p h i e u d u d i d a n g ban in giay va p h i e u k h i o s i t o n l i n e K h i o s l t ket t h u c v d i SO p h i e u t h u d u o c , c h i e m t y le p h i n hoi 58%, sd l u o n g p h i e u h o p le la 46 p h i e u . Cd 0 4 p h i e u k h d n g h o p le d o t h o n g t i n k h i o sat k h o n g n h a t q u i n , sal lech d a n d e n a n h h U d n g ket q u i p h l n t i c h , NhiJng n g u d i t h a m gta khao s l t d u o c y e u cau cho biet muc d o d o n g y t d 1 = 'Rat k h d n g d o n g y" d e n 5 = t h e o t h a n g d o Likert n.
"Hoan t o a n d o n g y "
2 . K e t q u a n g h i e n c u t i v a t h a o l u a n
2 . 1 . Ket q u a p h a n t i c h t h o n g k i m o t a v e t h u i n l o i k h i a p d u n g k e t cau ha d u i m g B T X M c h o c a c d u a n d i f d n g b o cao t o e t a i V i e t N a m Ket q u i p h l n tich t h o n g ke m o t l cac t h u a n loi l(hi a p d u n g k^t cau ao d u d n g BTXM cho cac d u I n d U d n g b g cao tdc tai Viet Nam d u o c t h e hien t r o n g b i n g sau
Bang 1 T h d n g ke m d ta cac t h u i n ldi khi ap d u n g ket cau ao d U d n g BTXM c h o c a c d u a n d u o n g b o cao t o c t a i V i e t Nam
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1 d e n 5 g i u p c h o ngUdi d i n h g l l t h e h i e n dUOc r d r d n g q u a n diem danh gia cua m m h d d i v d i t i e u c h i dUoc k h i o s i t , G i i t i i t i u n g b i n h ciJa cactiai c h i d u o c d a n h g i l n i m t r o n g k h o i n g t d 3,02 flen 4,35, flo p h l n tan cia d d lieu t h e h i § n q u a d o l^ch c h u a n d m i J c t h a p (cao n h a i la 0,98) cho thay ve l o n g q u i t , n h d n g n g u d i t h a m gia k h i o s i l hoi t u q u a n d i e m dongy v d i n h d n g l i e u c h i dua ra la n h d n g ndi d u n g t h u ^ n Ipi khi i p dung KCM B T X I V I c h o c a c d u a n d u o n g b d c a o tdc tai Viet N a m .
N g h i e n c i l u se t a p t r u n g di s l u p h i n t i c h 05 t i e u c h i t h u a n loi cddiem d a n h g i i cao nhat t t e n t h a n g d o khao s i t fle hieu rd h o n c i c n6i dung n a y
• T i 6 u c h i t h i i ' n h S t ; N g u d n n g u y e n lieu c h i n h d e thr c o n g x i y dulig KCAB BTXM la xi m l n g dor d i o , s3n CO, cac nha m i y s i n x u l t bo ttf khip noi tren c l n u d c - d i ^ m t r u n g b i n h 4,35.
Tinh d e n h e t n a m 2010, c i n u d c CO 59 d i y c h u y i n s i n xuSt xi mSng tai 20 dia p h u o n g tren c l nUdc, k e t h c ^ p v d i n g u d n n g u y e n l i ^ u f l i v o l s l n CO cua Viet Nam diin d e n n a n g luc s i n xuat cQa n g a n h s i n xuat xi mang l i r i t t d t , T r o n g khi d d , d e s i n x u l t B I N , n g u y e n lieu c h m h la nhUa diJcIng - m d t s i n p h a m cua c d n g n g h i & p s i n xuat d i u m i i v a n d a n g p h l i nhip k h a u va sd tuong c i c d o n v\ c u n g d p it h o n n h i ^ u so v d i c i c n h i m i y sjn x u l t XI m l n g Neu KCAS BTXIVI d u d c i p d u n g l d n g r l i t i o n g xSydungdii I n d u d n g b d cao toe B I c N a m , t h i y e u t d p h l n b f i c i c n h i m i y si mang t i e n k h i p dat n u d c se d e m lai loi t h e v l c i / l i v ^ n c h u y i n n g u y i n v | t lieu x i y d U n g , d a n d e n g i i m g t l t h i n h v l t H?u, t i l t kem chi p h i dau t u
• T i e u c h i t h i J h a i : KCAB BTXM c d d d bin vi t u o i t h o sir d^mg cao h o n nhieu so vot KCAB b l t d n g n h u a (BTN) - flilm t r u n g binh 4,13
Qua t h a m k h i o m d t sd n g h i l n c i l u t r u d c d l y cho t h i y , ve tuoi tho KCAB BTXM CO Uu d i e m h o n so v d i KCAB BTN, thOi gian sCr dung chenh lech til 2 n l m d e n 10 n a m , m o t sd noi c h e n h l i c h v l t h o i gian sCl dung d e n t r l n 15 n a m , Tai V i l t N a m , t h e o cac t i e u c h u a n t h i l t ke hiSn hanh, KCAB BTXM c d thcfi gian t h i l t ke I I 3 0 n 5 m , g a p ba lan so voi thoi gran t h i e t ke cua KCAB BTN l i 10 n i m cho c i c d U I n d U a n g cao loc.
• T l d u c h l thiJr b a : C h o n g c h i u d u o c t h d i t i l t k h j c n g h i e l . khi hiu n o n g a m , mua n h i l u lai Viet N a m - d i e m t r u n g b m h 4,07
M o t t r o n g n h d n g d i l m han che k h i I p d u n g KCAD BTN chocacditin g i a o t h d n g t a i V i e l Nam ta k h i n i n g c h o n g c h i u t h d i tiet nSng ndng. khic n g h i l t T r o n g n h u n g n l m vua q u a , t h e o k i e m t t a t h u c t l cua B6 Giao t h d n g v i n t i i , n h i e t d d cac ngay n i n g n d n g cao d i e m tai k h u vUC mien T i u n g , n h i e t d d m a t d U d n g BTN t u 40°C d i n 70°C khifin c h o mat OiH^
BTN bl c h i y nhua, h i n lun khi cac xe I I I n i n g cli c h u y e n q u a ' DoUvdieci c h i u d u o c n g a p nUOc t r o n g t h d i g i a n d a i , KCAD BTXM c u n g dUOC ap dung cho m o t so d o a n d u d n g t h u d n g x u y i n c h i u n g a p n u d c tai m i l n Tiung»J d o n g b a n g Sdng Cdu L o n g
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• Tidu chi thli hcin: Mot s6 qudc gia Iin can d i ap dung KCAD BTXM nhu Trung Qudc, Thai Lan la hinh mau ml Vilt Nam cd the tut kinh nghiem. hoc hdi - diem ttung binh 4,04.
Theo nghien cuu cda Bg Giao thdng van tli ve lim dudng bSng BTXM, cac qudc gia trong khu vuc Chiu A nhu Trung Qudc, Thai Lan KCAD BTXM chiem tif 30% den 40% cac du i n duong cao tdc v l duong truc chinh'. Vdi viec phat Win Ip dung thanh cdng KCAB BTXM cho cic duan ffudngcaotoc, cac qudc gia trln l i hinh mau ma Vi|t Nam hoin toan CO the cd cac doan chuyen gia sang hoc hdi, tiao doi kmh nghiem de CO thi ap dyng vao dilu kien Viet Nam,
• Tieu chi thii nam: Co quan quan ly nhi nudc quan tam, khuyen khich va c6 ke hoach tnln khai thi diem tten mdt so doan dudng cao tdc - diem ttung binh 4,02
VOI nhiftig tiem nang cda Viet Nam cung nhu nhdng Uu dilm ciia KCAD BTXM, ngay 16/3/2012 thUc hien chl daocua Thu tUong Chinh phu, Bd Xiy dung vi Bd Giao thdng van t l i d l co le ky kit phdi hop tang cudng su'dung xi mlng trong xay dung kit cau ha tang giao thong d Viet Nam Hien t?i, B6 GTVT dang xdc ttin xiy dUng hoan thiln h i thdng tieu chuIn, dinh mdc hmh te - ky thuat, ddc tut kinh nghrem de lam chd cdng nghe thiet ke, thi cdng v l khai thic mat dudng BTXM d Viet Nam
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ket c<!u ao dudng BTXM cho cac dUin di/cmg bo cao tdc tai Viet NamKit qui phin tich thdng k l md t i cac Itho khin khi Ip dung kit cau io dudng BTXM cho cic du an du'ong bd cao tdc tai Viet Nam duoc the hien trong blng sau:
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k h a n d o o c c h i ra, t u d o d l xuat cac g i i i p h a p n h i m d a t m u c t i l u da'y m a n h a p d u n g KCAO c h o c i c d u a n d JOng b p cao toe lai V i l t Nam,
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1 John, VilG a Martha, GV1001. ;lCDnJ(WJiiijno(3«[ni'rnJnrnenM"mpOrt'i''fiWtoiv(Ceinm Conaele and Asphalt (eiaent Coaaele Pavemeats, PCA SN 2058, forlland Cemenl AuwaKd Illinois. USA
2. Mian, W & Jahapulta, R 2005, InlliifnceofPertmenI Relledance on lighbng^Poihn, iDIi, KA SN 245B, Portland Cement Assooafton, lltinois, USA.
3 Anlekani,SA & Sumiluwan, P 2010, Effed al Pavement Type on Fael Coasiimplaa on) Imiiiions in Cily Dming, Maich2010,ThefleadyMiiedConcrfteRese3r(hiE(lucation FoundallHi, Illinois, USA
4 pjbl(!,ZaJohn,AG2QQ5,fnerg)'Ci)ns(;njpliDnof(ljpftoWoniJflejn/Drcei/CDncre(fBiiiBmn MfllJiiofcamJConsCufKim, March 200S,Jounal of Infrastrtidure System, vol 11,pp, 9-20
5 Piaia6a.!«i&ie!ii,Mileiiicti,i2fllii,UfeCydeCoilAni>lystsforPavemenlTypfieklm.
FWH/\-5C-OB-0],Soiilh Carolina Depaitment of Iraniportatlon, South Carolina,USA
