PHAT TRIEN NGUON NHAN LlfC DU LICH CHAT LUdNG CAO DAP ifNG YEU CAU HOI NHAP QUOC TE 6 VIET NAM HIEN NAY
DAO THI KIM BrflN "
Tdm tdt: Pkdt triin NguSn nkdn lUc ndi chung, ddc biit Id ngudn nhdn life chdt lugng cao dd trd tkdnk vdn di ckiim vi tri trung tdm trong ki thdhg phdt trien cdc nguSn lyte, dUOc Bdng cgng sdn Viit Nam xdc dinh Id m^t trong 3 kkdu dot pkd ckiin liiOc piidt triin kink ti- xd hgi cua ddt nildc. Bdi viit gdp pkdn ldm rd klidi niim vi nguin nkdn life du lich chdt lugng cao, ldm ro sU cdn tkiit pkdi phdt trien nguin nfidn Itfc du lick ckdt lugng cao d Viit Nam; tii dd, tdc gid dtia ra vd ludn gidn nkdm cdc gidi pkdp nkdm pkdt trien nguin nkdn lite du lick ckdt liidng cao d Viit Nam kiin nay.
TU khda: Pkdt trien nguon nhdn lUc; Nkdn lUc du lick chdt lUpng cao; Hdi nhdp qudc ti; Viit Nam.
Abstract: Human resource development, especially higk quality resource, kas become tfie prominent target of development; it is considered one of tke three key strategies in socio-ea>nomie development. This article clarified the concept of kuman resource for high qualify tourism and its necessity. Tke author then discussed solutions to develop human resource for higk quality tourism in Vietnam nowadays.
Keywords: Human resource development; High quality tourism; Intemational integration; Vietnam.
Ngdy nkdn bdi: 04/5/2017; Ngdy sdte bdi: 16/6/2017; Ngdy duyit ddng: 24/8/2017.
Hign nay, con ngfldi dfldc coi Ifi mdt "tfii nguyfin dSic bifit", mgt nguon Iflc cua sfl phat trien kinh te. Bdi vfiy, vi^c phat triln con ngfldi, phfit triln Nguon nhfin lfle (NNL), dfic bifit -lfi nguin nhfin lye chit Mdng eao (NNLCLC) trd thfinh vin dl cMfi'm vi tri trung tfim trong h$ thdng phat triln efie nguon Iflc. Nhfin lfle chit Ifldng eao difdc xac dinh Ifi mfit trong 3 khfiu dgt pha chifi'n Ifldc phat trien kinh t l - xa hfii eiia dit nfldc''*.
1. Quan dilm ve nguon nhan lilc du lich chat lifting cao
Nguin nhfin Ifle du lich chat Ifldng eao (NNLDLCLC) trflde he't lfi NNLCLC, lfim viee trong ngfinh Du lieh. Ve vdn di nfiy, cd nhiing quan dilm khae nhau nhfl: quan diem dfla tren tifiu cM vl bfing cfi'p, chflng cM dl dfinh gia NNLCLC; quan dilm dfla tren cac tifiu cM ve thi Ifle, tri Ifle, dao dfle; quan diem dfla trfin nfing Iflc Ifim
Q I N H A N L Q C KHOA HQC X A H O I
vific, kha nfing hofin thfinh nhfllng nMfim vu, edng vi^c dilde giao,... Hifin nay, kM nflde ta dang ehuyin dan sang nln kinh t l dfla trfin tri thflc, cflng vdi xu hfldng bgi nhfip qudc tfi' vfi tofin clu hda, NNLCLC theo ehung tfii lfi nguon nhfin lflc phai dap flng dfldc yfiu clu cua thi trfldng lao dgng, yfiu clu cua cfing vific (yfiu clu eiia cac doanh nghidp ea trong vfi ngofii nflde).
Vfiy, tifiu cM danh gia NNLCLC lfi ^?
Theo chflng tfii, nhan Iflc chit Ifldng cao khdng cM thi Men d bing d p , ehflng chi hgc vlh, nghi ngMep, raa cdn thi Men d kha nfing vfin dung kie'n thflc ehuyfin
'** NCS. Khoa Qu6c t^ hoc. Hoc vi^n Khoa hoc xa h5i.
"> D^i h$i lixx thul XI cua Dang da xac djnh, phat triln NNL, nhcft li NNLCLC \k m$t trong 3 khau d$t phi chitfn lift^c trong Chi^n lU0c phfit triln kinh t^ - xa hfli giai d o ^ 2011 - 2020 cua d&'t ml6c. Nghi V^V^^ ^ ^ h6i Dang iSn thii XH cung kh&ng djnh ro: "Kip t^c thUc hifn c6 hifu qua 3 d6t phfi chiS'n iK^c", trong d6 c6 phfit triln NNL, nh&t \k NNLCLC.
sti 9-2017
D A O T H I K I M BIl&N nidn, tin hge, ngoai ngfl vfio thfle tien.
Nhfin Mc CLC cdn dfldc t h i Mfin d ky nfing cua nhfin lfle nhfl: Tim vfi til tao vific lfim, Ifim vific a n tofin, Ifim vific hdp tac;
t h a i do, tfic phong Ifim vific td't, trfich nMem vdi cdng viec, vdi nghfi ngMfip va dat nfldc, tflc d ca cae k;^ nfing cflng Ifin cfic ky nfing mfi'm. Nhfl vfiiy, NNLCLC cao phai lfi nhiJng eon ngfldi p h a t t r i l n ea ve tri lflc, t h i lfle vfi tfim Mc, ca v l k h a nfing lao ddng, v l t i n h tieh efle chinh tri-xa hgi, vi dao dfle nghe ngM$p, cd t r a c h nMfim eao vdi efing vific va d i n g ngMep. Cac yfiu to nfiy cd sil tfldng tfic, hd trd lfin n h a u nhfim giflp chu t h e phfit huy b e t gia tri cua minh, chu ddng hofin thfinh nMfim vu dfldc giao mfit each xufi't s i c , sang tao n h i t , cd ddng gdp thflc sil hflu ich eho eong vific, eho xa hdi, eho dfl ngfldi dd d b a t ky vi t r i nfio trong to chflc, tfl ngfldi efing nhfin deh nhfi q u a n Iy d p cao.
Ngfinh du Iich bao gIra n h i l u n g h i , n M l u Iinh vile hoait ddng k i n h doanh khae nhau, n e n kM xae dinh tifiu c h u l n NNLCLC c l n phai dinh hfldng dfii vdi tflng nhdm. Lao dfing trong ngfinh du lich thfldng dflde cMa thfinh h a i nhdm: Gian tie'p va t n i c tilp. Mdi n h d m NNL du lich lai ed eae tifiu c h u l n , quy dinh v l c h i t Ifldng rifing c l n dat dflde bfin eanh sfl giao Mu do t i n h c h i t , dfic thfl eua ngfinh. Tfl thfle tfi' eua ngfinh du lieh, NNLCLC eua nhdm gian tie'p (bao gom l a n h dao, q u a n ly, cac n h a i^Mfin cflu, nhfi giao) phai dg.t dfldc eae yfiu e i u : Tdi trong l a n h dao, quan ly, sfl dung vfi bifi't each gifl chfin ngfldi tfii h a y ndi each khac lfi Met each dinh vi NNL; Tdm trong t h u phuc Idng ngfldi, p h a t huy ldng yeu nghfi\ k h a nfing cohg M i n vfi sang tsio; Tdm n h i n xu hfldng vfin dfing cua ngfinh du lieh trong moi q u a n h e vdi thfi^ gidi vdi Men t r a n g dfi't nfldc, dil bao vfi cd kfi^ hoach s a n h ngang/
vfldt qua dfii t h u canh t r a n h . KM nhdm gian tifi'p dat dfldc muc tifiu ve tifiu c h u l n CLC tM nhdm t n i e tiep mdi ed nhflng c h u y i n bie'n tieh efle, dat tdi dich nhfl mong mufi'n.
Nhdm trflc tiep bao gIm: L l tfin, phuc vu b u i n g , bfin - bar, dai ly lfl hfinh, hfldng dfin vifin du lieh, d i u bep,... Dfiy la nhflng ngfldi tn^c tie'p tifi'p xfle vdi khach hfing, tri;Ic tiep dfla san p h i m du lich dfi'n vdi khfich hang. Vi vfiy, nfiu nhdm Iao ddng t n i e tifi'p ed CLC se dem lai doanh thu, uy tin, vi t h e eho doanh ngMfip du lich ndi rifing vfi cho tofin nganh, ciing nhfl cho dat nflde ndi ehung. Tifiu cM de dfinh gia NNLCLC doi vdi nhdm lao dgng trfle t i l p trong ngfinh du lich cMnh lfi: Tha nhdt lfi t r i n h dfi ehuyfin mdn, t h e hien d kha nfing thfle Men tfi't eae nghifip vu ehuyfin mdn eu the vfi dap flng tfit sfl t h a y d l i lifin tue eua ehinh cfic ngMfip vu dd do tinh c h i t dfic t h u ciia nganh; t h e Men d trinh dd ngoai ngfl - mdt yeu cau khong t h i tMfi'u vfi ngfiy cfing eao dra vdi ngfldi lfim du lieh;
the Men d t r i n h dfi tin hgc, kha nfing flng dung edng nghfi thong tin. Tha hai, cac ky nfing, bao gom ky nfing n g h i nghiep, ky nfing sd'ng, ky nfing giao tifi'p, xii Iy tinh hufi'ng, ky nfing Ifim vific nhdm,... Tha ba, lfi d^o dfle: Lfldng tfim nghe nghifip, sfl t r u n g thfle, t m h t h i n d a n tfic...
KM Viet N a m md ciia hgi nhfip kinh tfi' qudc tfi^, n h a t Ifi d l c h u l n bi eho vigc bfii nhfip vfio Cfing d i n g Kinh tfi' ASEAN (AEC) vdi mfit trong nhiing yeu to' cd b a n ciia thi trfldng vfi cd sd san x u l t chung lfi tfl do di e h u y i n Iao ddng cd tay nghe trong Khdi ASEAN'^', thda thufin thfla nhfin lfin n h a u trong ASEAN (MRA) v l N g h i Du
'** ASEAN chu tnidng tU do di chuyen lao dong c6 ehS't lu^ng cao trong cac Unh vilc thuoc 8 nginh; Kilm tofin, ki^n true, ky sU, nha a, bac ^ , y tfi, diSu tra vign vfi du Ifch sau khi AEC hinh thfinh.
Stifr^2017 N H A N LUC KHOA HQC XA HOI Q
PHAT TRI^N NGU6N NHAN LUC DU LICH CHAT LUONG CAO..
lieh da thd'ng nhit triln khai dly du cfic ndi dung vl chuln hda 32 chflc danh nghe, 52 vfin bing chfli^ cM. MRA dfi de ra Tifiu ehuIn Nfing Iflc ehui^ vl Nghe Du lidi trong ASEAN (ACCSTP). Trong Khung ACCSTP, nfing lfle dflde phfin thfinh ba nhdm hfin quan din efie k;y nfing: Nfing Me cd't loi, Nfing lfle ehung vfi Nfing lilc chflc nfing*^'.
Nhfl v4y, phfit triln NNLCLC trong ngfinh du lich de dfip flng yfiu clu hfii nhfip qudc tfi' cln phai phfl hdp vdi tilng nhdm ddi tfldng khfic nhau; ddng thdi phai hfii hda vdi cfic tieu chuln khu vflc va qudc tl,
2. Si^ can thifi't phai phat trien nguon nhfin lijf du Iich chat lifcfng cao d Viet Nam hifin nay
2.1. Sa thiiu hut ngudn nhdn liO: chdt liidng cao trong ngdnh du lich ViSt Nam
Nhflng nfim qua, cfing tae phat trien NNL du lieh dfi dflde quan tam, dat nhilu kit qua, ddng gdp tieh cflc vfio sfl ngM^p phat triln ngfinh vfi dit nfldc. Tuy nMfin, ed thi nhfin thiy rat ro, nhfin lflc ngfinh du lieh cdn nMlu mfit ehfla dfip flng nM^ra vu phfit triln kM hfii nhfip qud'c te*
ngfiy mfit sfiu sfie, tofin difin vfi trflde yfiu clu phat trien kinh te^ tri thflc. Sd' Ifldng nhfin Ii;te edn tMeu, chit Ifldng thip, chfla tfldng flng vdi yfiu eiu phfit triln ciia ngfinh, din dfi'n nfing Iflc canh tranh thip kM hgi nhfip kinh tfi' qufi'c tfi'.
Theo Vifin NgMfin eflu phfit triln du lieh, vdi tfic do tfing trfldng 6,2%/nfim trong giai doan 2011 - 2015, den hit nfim 2015, nhan lfle Ifim vific trfle tifi'p trong ngfinh du lich nfldc ta la hdn 620.000 ngfldi. Vdi dil bfio to'c dd tfing trfldi^
7%/nfim trong giai doan 2016 - 2020, con sd" nfiy se tflng Ifin dfih 870.000 Iao dfing, edn sd' lao ddng gian tifi'p se dat khoang 1,5 trieu ngfldi. Du lieh lfi ngfinh dflde danh gia cd nhu clu nhan lilc eao gIp 2 • 3 lln
Q ] NHANLQC KHOA HQC X A K O I
so vdi mdt sfi^ ngfinh trgng dilm khfic nhfl giao due, y te', tfii chmh,... Nhfl vfiy, moi nfim ngfinh du lich cln them 40.000 lao ddng, nhflng sfi' Mdng sinh vifin tdt ngM$p tfl cac cd sd dfio tao ngMfip vu du lich cM dsit khoang 15.000 ngfldi, tflc cM dfip flng dflde 37,5% nhu eiu. Cung theo dfl bao trfin, trong vdng 5 nfim tdi, lilc Ifldng lao ddng ngfinh du hch phai tfing thfim 9,6%/nfim va tifi'p tuc tfing nhe vdi ty Id 8,1%/nfim vfio 5 nfim tilp theo thi mdi cd t h i dap flng dflde nhu eiu phfit trien.
NNL trong linh vflc du lich khdng nhflng tMlu vl mfit sfi' Ifldng, mfi edn yeu vl chit Ifldng. Cu thi:
1. V^" trinh do chuyen mdn: Theo thd'ng kfi eua Hifip bfii Dfio tao du lich Vifit Nam, Men cM cd 43% Iao dgng dang boat ddng trong ngfinh dflde dfio t^o ehuyfin mfin ngMfip vu vi du lich. Trong dd, Iao dfing trfle tifi'p eua nganh du hch dat trinh do DH vfi trfin DH cMfi'm 9,7%; sd cap den CD cMfi'm 51% vfi ed din gin 40% trinh do dfldi sd d p . Nhfin Mc phuc vii ehilm ty lfi ldn trong nhfin lfle tnic tiep, nhflng trinh dfi dfio tao thap, Mlu bifit vl vfin hda, xa
^ Ndng /{A; cot loi: Nfing lUc mfi ngfinh dfi nhfi't tri lfi rfi't cfin thi^t, cd't yia phid dat d^lifc neu mft ngiidi d u ^ chfi'p nh^n lfi cd nfing l i ^ t^i bo phfin lao df ng ci^
t h i chfnh cua ho. Tnic ti^p li@n quan den nhi^m vy n g h i nghifp then ehS't, bao gSm cac ho^t dfng nhit Lfim vifc hifu qua vdi ding nghifp vfi khach hfing, vfi Thilc hifn quy trinh an tofin vfi atlCc khoe nghi nghifp.
Ndng l\ec ckung lfi nfing l i ^ rSCt cin thilt phai d^t d u ^ n l u mft ngadi diI0c chfip nhfin lfi cd nfing lilc tfi bf phfin lao dfng thii cfip c\f. t h i cua ho. Tfn goi "^
nfing s^ng" doi khi dtlOc dung d l mo ta nhiing nfing lijlc nfiy vfi chiing bao g i m cac ddn vi nhil: Sui dyng cac c6ng ci;i kinh doanh thdng thudng vfi cf ng nghf, vfi Quan 1^ vfi giai quylt cfic tinh hufi'ng xung dft. Ndng I^IC ckiic ndng: Nfing lilc chi!tc nfing d$c bift dfinh cho cfic vai trd hofic vi tri cdng vifc trong phfin cdng lao dfng, vfi bao g3m cfic kJ nfing cy t h i vfi kiln thiic (bi quylt) d l thilc hifn c6 hifu qua cdng vifc. Cfic nfing lijtc nfiy cd the lfi chung cbo mdt phdng lao dfng, hofic d i l ^ cv t h i cho cac viii trd, cfi'p, hofic cdng vifc trong bd phfin lao ddng.
Stit-2817
D A O THI KIM BIEN hfii vfi vfin m i n h giao tifi'p cdn n M l u b a n
chfi'. Dfic bifit, bg phfin dflde coi lfi NNL tri thflc cua ngfinh nhfl hfldng d i n vifin, nhfin vifin marketing, nhfin vifin le tfin eung mdi cM cd k h o a n g hdn 65% d a t t r i n h dd dai hgc. Dd lfi nhflng eon sfi' thdhg ke, edn trfin thfle tfi', Iao dfing du lieh Vifit Nam, k l ca lao dfing dfi dflde dfio tao, k h a nfing dap flng v l chuyen mon n g h i nghifip cdn t h i p ; k h a nfing tMch flng vdi nhflng t h a y d l i , hifin dai hda t r o n g edng vific edn yfiu; vfi dfic bifit k h a nfing flng d u n g cfing nghe thfing t m vfio ngMep v u ehuyfin mdn cdn r a t b a n chfi'.
Bfin e a n h sfl yfiii kfim v l t r i n h dfi ehuyfin mdn, nhiing kifi'n thfle ve lich stt, dia ly, v a n hda cua lao dfing du Iich ciing chfla d a p flng dfldc yeu c l u . T r e n thfle tfi', khdng hifi'm gap t m h t r a n g hfldng dfin vifin tMeu kifih thflc ve vfin hda, lich sfl, nfin trong qufi t r i n h hfldng d a n khach t h a m q u a n da cung d p thfing t i n sai Ifich, gfiy bflc xue cho dfl Man. Chfing h a n , cd hfldng dfin vifin dfla k h a e h de'n diem di tieh heh sti, t h a y vi c u n g d p thdng tin ve ndi t h a m q u a n t M lai cM ke chuyen tieu lam, va hiidng dfin k h a c h tfl tim hieu v l di tich tai b a n g thdng t m d cong r a vfio.
2. Vi trinh do ngogi nga, n g u i n nhfin lfle du lich Vifit N a m r i t ye'u v l ngoai ngfl.
S I ngfldi stt dung dflde ngoai ngfl dat khoang 60% tong n h a n Ifle, trong dd sd bie't tifi'ng Anh k h o a n g 42%, tie'ng Hoa la 5%, tifihg P h a p Ifi 4%, vfi cac tifihg khac la 9%. Rifing tie'ng A n h t M ehi cd 15% dat trinh do dai hge, giao tiep thdng thao ( p h i n ldn lfim hfldng dfin vifin, le tfin khach s a n vfi nhfin vifin t h i trfldng), edn lai 85% ehfla dat yfiu c l u . NMfi'u t r u n g t a m dich vu lfl hfinh d a n h chfi'p nhfin bd ngd mgt so' t h i trfldng do khdng tira dfldc lao ddng ehuyfin n g a n h dfip flng yfiu c l u v l ngoai ngfl.
3. V^' tinh chuyin nghiip, cdc ky ndng mim, dg.0 dac nghi nghiip... Vdi dSc trflng lfi ngfinh phuc vu vfi m a n g dfi'n n i l m vui, sil thfl gian cho eon ngfldi; do dd, nhflng yfiu c l u , quy t i e ve thfii do flng xfl, tinh ehuyfin ngMfip trong phong each Ifim vific, gifl gin hinh anh,... dang ngay efing dfldc d l eao, trd thfinh nhiing tifiu cM d l danh gifi ehat Ifldng ngudn nhfin lflc du lich.
Theo dfinh gia cua Chfldng trinh P h a t t r i e n nfing lflc D u Iich cd t r a c h nMfim vdi mdi trfldng vfi x a bfii'^', NNL Men tai d cac cd sd lifu t r u ciia Vifit N a m - l a y l u kem.
Mra lo dfic bifit cMnh lfi mfle danh gifi t h i p d a n h cho cfic ki nfing hifin cd cua cfic vi tri ki t h u a t ehu chfi't vfi tifi'p xfle khfich h a n g tai n h a hfing, le tan, bfi phfin phdng va k h u vflc ngM dfldng. D i l u nay lfi mdt thfich thfle thflc sfl ddi vdi khd'i ed sd lflu t r u ciing nhfl ngfinh du lieh Viet Nara ndi chung bdi eae ed sd lflu t r u ddng gdp r i t ldn tdi nhfin thflc va sfl hfii ldng eua du khach. Khi phfin tieh v l NNL cua khoi cac linh vfle du lieh mdi vfi dang n i i nhfl: Du lieh hfii hgp, chieu dai, hdi nghi vfi sfl kifin (MICE), du Iich t h i thao. Spa chfira sde sfle khde, du Iich I m thflc,... Chfldng t r i n h dfi k h i n g dinh sfl thifi'u h u t nghifim trgng NNL trong efie linh vfle du lieh nay, ea v l so' Mdng vfi c h i t Mdng.
Cd n h i e u nguyfin n h a n dfin de'n sfl tMfi'u h u t NNLCLC trong ngfinh du lich nfldc ta, theo ehflng tdi, nguyfin nhfin ehu yfi'u n h i t Ifi sa bat cap trong ddo tgo NNL du lich. Theo thd'ng ke eua n g a n h du lich,
<*> Childng trinh ESRT (ESET PROGRAMME) di? fin EU, lfi mot chilcJng trinh xay dilng nfing lilc dfinh cho ngfinh du ljch cho tfi't ca cac chu the trong ngfinh cua Vift Nam. Dil fin nfiy dUbc thilt k l n h i m dUa nhSng kinh nghiem thuc tiln v l du lich cfi trach nhifm vfio moi mfit cua chinh sach, k l ho?ch, quan ly dilm din, boat ddng kinh doanh, gifio due vfi nang cao nfing Iilc 5 cfi'p qudc gia, khu vUc vfi cfip tinh.
Sti»-2017 N H A N LUC KHOA HQC XA HQI Q
P H A T T R I I N N G U 6 N N H A N L I ^ C D U LICH C H A T L U O N G CAO..
tinh d i n nfim 2016, ea nfldc ed khoang 156 cd sd t h a m gia dfio tsio ehuyfin ngfinh du lich d trinh do d^i hge, eao dfing, trung d p vfi dao t^o, boi dfldng ngfin ban, g I m 48 tnidng dsii hge, 43 trfldng cao dflng (trong dd cd 10 trfldng cao d i n g nghe), 40 trfldng trung d p (trong dd cd 4 trfldng trung d p nghi), 2 cfing ty dfio tao va 23 t r u n g tfim, ldp dfio tao nghe, ed 1 tnidng trflc thude doanh ngMgp dao tao ehuyfin ngfinh du lich khach san, nhfi hfing'^. Cac quy dinh v l ma ngfinh/nghe dfio tao dflde b a n h a n h vdi 4 ehfldng trinh bfic dai hge, eao dflng, trung cfi'p ehuyfin ngMep, 6 n g h i bfie cao d^ng vfi t r u n g d p n g h i , 2 ngfinh chu yfiu eho hfi sau dai hgc gom Du lieh vfi Quan l;y kinh te (Kinh tfi' du lieh). Hinh thfle dfio tao ed ea ehinh quy vfi khdng chinh quy, cd he n g i n b a n ( d p chflng cM) vfi dfii b a n ( d p bing). Nhfl vfiy cd t h i t h i y , nMn v l sd' Ifldng vfi Mnh thflc, cac ed sd dfio tao NNL du hch cua nfldc t a khfi d l y du, da dang vfi phong phfl. Tuy nhifin, cdn r i t n M l u b i t cfip dang t i n tai trong h e thfi'ng cae ed sd dfio tao v l du lich: 1. Chadng trinh ddo tgo: Khdng efin dd'i gifla ly' thuyfi't vfl thflc hfinh, nflng v l Iy thuyet mfi tMfiu thflc hfinh. Nfin hfiu qua Ifi k h a nflng tie'p cfin thflc te^ vfi tMch nghi rafii tnidng lfim vi^c kfim, giao tifi'p ed b a n trong cfing v i ^ ehfla dat yfiu c l u . Cfic chfldng trinh, phfldng phfip dao tao khdng dfit trgng tfim n M l u v l k;^ nfing mfi'm vfi phfit trifin nhfin each, trong kM nhflng dieu nfiy r i t c l n tMfi't d l thflc Men Mfiu qua edng viee. 2. Thiiu quy chudn vi ddo tgo: He dfio tao n g h i du lieh hifin nay dang ton tai nMeu hfi tho'ng tifiu c h u l n khac nhau: He thd'ng tieu c h u l n n g h i qufic gia ed 8 n g h i thugc nhdm du lich, do B$ Vfin hda, The thao vfi Du lieh ban h i n h ; H$ thdhg tieu c h u l n ky nflng n g h i du lich VTOS g I m 10 nghe do dfl an EU
Q ] NHANLQC KHOA HQC XAHtil
hd trd xay dflng; h e tho'ng tifiu c h u l n ky nflng nghe ASEAN gdm 6 n g h i da dflde bd t n i d n g efie nfldc ASEAN ky' cam kfi't thfle Mgn.Vifie t i n t a i eflng luc n M l u he thfi'ng tifiu c h u l n nhfl vfiy gay khd khfin cbo vi$c quan ly cua cac cd q u a n q u a n 1^ nhfi nfldc, cfic cd sd dfio tao, ciing nhfl Iflng tflng cho cac doanh ngMfip sfl dung nhfin lfle du lieh. 3. Chdt lacfng dgi ngd gidng vien (GV): Sil thifiu h u t dfii ngu GV ed trinh do ehuyfin mdn eao vfi dflng chuyen ngfinh la nguyfin nhfin q u a n trgng n h i t dfin tdi sfl yeu kem trong dfio tao. P h i n ldn GV ngflnh du lich lfi tfl cfic nganh khac e h u y i n sang (nganh vfin hda hgc, xfi hdi, quan tri kinh doanh,...) tMeu kinh ngMfim thfle t i i n , t r i n h dfi ngoai ngfl, t m hgc.
Thflc t e trong cfic trfldng dfio tao vfin cdn t i n h t r a n g GV day ehuyfin ngfinh hfldng d i n vifin du lich nhflng ndi nggng; GV day ngMfip vu budng phdng nhflng chfla tflng dflde bifi't v l buong phdng eua efie khaeh san cao d p ; GV day nghifip vu le tfin bd qua p h i n tiep nhfin khach nfldc ngofii vi k h a n a n g ngoai ngfl yeu,... dflc bifit trong eae ed sd dfio tao d dia phfldng. 4. Thiiu tinh lien ket trong ddo tgo: H l u hfi't cfic ed sd dfio t^o du lieh ehfla ed nhflng cMen Ifldc Meu qua trong vi^c hfin k i t hdp tac traeh nMfim vdi doanh ngMep, dfin deh t i n h t r a n g dao tao khdng phfl hdp vdi yfiu c l u stt dung lao dgng trong kM doanh ngMfip. Tfl nhflng p h a n tich trfin, ed the khflng dinh rfing nhiing h ^ che, b i t cfip trong bfle t r a n h chimg cila giao due vfi dao tao du lich chinh lfi nguyfin nhfin ehu yfiu dfin den sfl thieu h u t NNLCLC trong nganh du lich d nflde t a thdi gian qua vfl Men nay.
"* Chi c6 duy nhfi't mft od sS dfio t?o trijlc thufc doanh nghifp lfi TrUclng Trung cfi'p du Ueh - khfich s^n Saigontourist cua Tong cdng ty Du ljch Sfii Gdn.
sti 9-2017
D A O T H | KIM BIEN 2.2. Hdi nhdp quoc tivd nhOng tdc ddng
din nguon nhdn lac du lich Viit Nam Du lich Ifi n g a n h k i n h tfi' t i n g hdp m a n g t i n h dich vu; ehinh vi vfiy, hfii nhfip kinh te dfldc xem Ifi tifi'n t r i n h q u a n trgng d l t h a m gia vfio chuoi cung flng dich vu gia tfing m a n g t i n h k h u vfle vfi tofin c l u . Hfii n h | p qudc tfi' dem lai nMeu ed hdi eho phfit trien du lich, song eung dfit r a nMeu khd khfin thfich thflc.
Vdi nhiing tMfi'u h u t ngMem trgng NNLCLC, cd t h i k h i n g dinh, NNL du lieh Vift Nara dang phai doi mflt vdi nMeu thfich thfle trong dieu kifin hgi nhfip kinh te' qudc tfi'. Xem xfit nhiing tae dfing ddi vdi NNL du Iich Vifit N a m kM hfii nhfip ASEAN cd t h e t h i y : Cudi nfim 2015, 10 qud'c gia thfinh vifin ASEIAN da k^ tuyfin bfi' thfinh lfip Cfing d i n g k i n h tfi' ASEAN (AEC). Hdi nhfip trong Cdng dong kinh tfi^
ASEAN trfin ea b a t r u cfit ddi hdi phai cd NNLCLC mdi cd t h e t r u viing vfi p h a t trien. Linh vflc du lieh dfldc cae qufic gia thfinh vien ASEAN xem lfl linh vile flu tifin trong hgi n h ^ p vfi xfiy dilng. Tai Hfii nghi qudc tfi' v l Thda thufin thfla n h | n Ifin n h a u vi n g h e du lich trong ASEAN (MRA- TP) tai Indonesia vfio t h a n g 8/2016, efie nfldc trong khdi ASEAN da thohg n h i t se t r i l n k h a i d l y dii cae ngi d u n g ve e h u I n hda 32 chflc d a n h n g h i , 52 vfin b i n g chflng cM. Day lfi bflde tien hfldng tdi c h u l n n g h i c h u n g v l du lich trong ASEAN vfi dfing ky cdng nhfin cac linh vi^c n g h i du lich trong ASEAN. Vific nfiy d i n g ngMa vdi vific lao dfing du lich trong khoi ASEAN ed t h i di c h u y i n trong khfii, d i n g thdi dfit r a thfich thfle vdi lao ddng trong linh vile du lieh Vigt N a m .
Theo Vu Hdp tac qufiic tfi' ( T i n g cue Du lich Vi^t Nam), cd 6 ngflnh n g h e trong linh vi^c du Iich dflgc cdng n h a n khi gia
nhfip AEC, gIm: Buong, l l tan, nhfi hfing, che' bien mdn fln, dai ly M hfinh vfi d i l u hfinh tour. Viec dat (Jilde thda thufin MRA-TP cho phfip md rdng cae nganh nghe khac thufie linh vfle du lich. Thda thufin MRA-TP dfldc t r i l n khai se tfic ddng tdi tfi't ea cae ddi tfldng lifin quan, tfl ed quan quan ly nhfi nflde vi du lieh dfih eae doanh nghifip du lich, cfic ed sd dfio tao du lich vfi dflc bifit Ifi ngfldi lao dfing trflc tie'p hay gifin tifi'p trong ngflnh. Theo dd, bfin eanh cd bfii ed mflc Ifldng tfi't hdn ngfldi lao dgng cdn phai canh t r a n h vi tri vific lfim khdc Ufit hdn tfl cac thi trfldng ndi khfii.
D i l u nfiy khdng nhiing bude lao ddng Viet Nam phai tfl hofin tMen minh, mfi cdn kM^n cac doanh ngMfip du Iich Vifit dfii rafit vdi nguy cd "ehay mfiu" NNLCLC trong nfldc vfio tay doanh nghiep nfldc ngofii. Trong khudn kho cua nhfliig cam kfi't qudc tfi^ hdp tfie phfit t r i l n n h a n lilc du lich ludn lfi mdt trong nhiing nfii dung dflde flu tifin, Vific dfio tao NNL du lich dflde tiep efin vdi nhflng tifiu c h u l n qudc tfi' vfi tifi'p nhfin cfic n g u i n lilc hd trd cua cac qufi'c gia p h a t t r i l n vfi fcfie t l chflc qufic tfi'^^'. Tuy nhien, ben eanh nhfl!ng cd hfii dd, chiing t a eiing dang gfip khfing it khd khfin tiong dfio tao NNL du lieh dsit tifiu c h u l n k h u vilc vfi qufic t l . Vfi d i n g thdi gfip khd khfin trong c^nh t r a n h dao tao NNLDLCLC giiia cfic ed sd dfio tao trong nflde vdi cac ed sd dfio tao nflde ngofii. Kha nflng t h u hflt hgc vifin dfih cae cd sd dfio tao trong nflde ngfiy mgt t h i p .
Nhfl vfly, nfi'u khdng ed giai phfip phfit '^ Trong nhiing nfim qua, chmh phvi Luxemboiu^ tfii tr^
gin 15 tiif u USD cho 4 di^ fin dfio t^o nhfin l^c du ljch - khach s^n; lifin minh Chfiu Au (EU) tfii trg 12 trifu USD cho Dl? fin phfit triln NNL Du ljch; Dy fin ADB v l T h a t t r i ^ Du ljch bin bili^ "Kiu vtli^ sdng AfeKong m5 ron^' dang triln khai H ^ p h i n "Pkdt Iriin nh&n life du lich VietNam" vdi kinh phi 2,5 trifu USD,...
Sti»-2D17 N K A N L Q C KHOA HQC X A H O I [ Q
PHATTRI^N NGU6N NHAN LT;C DU LICH CHAT LUQNG CAO..
t r i l n NNLCLC tM du lich Viet Nam se phai dfii mSit vdi nguy cd "thua ngay trfin sfin nhfl" trong qua t r i n h h$i nhfip kinh tfi' qud'c te. Vfi se khdng t h i thile hifin dfldc mue tieu cMen Ifldc cua ngfinh de'n nfim 2020, du lieh cd b a n trd thfinh ngfinh kinh te^ mfli nhgn, ed tinh ehuyfin nghiep, cd he thd'ng cd sd vfit c h i t ky thufit tfldng dd'i d i n g bfi, Mfin dai; san p h i m du Iich ed cha't Ifldi^ cao, da dang, cd thfldng hieu raang dfim ban s i c vfin hda dan tdc, canh tianh dfldc vdi cae nfldc trong khu vfle vfi thfi' gidi; vfi p h l h d i u de'n nfim 2030, Vifit Nam trd thfinh qud'c gia cd ngfinh du lieh phat trien, t i n g t h u tfl khfich du Iich tfing gfi'p 2 l l n nfim 2020*'>.
3. Nhdm gi&i p h a p p h a t trifi'n n g u o n nhfin lflc d u l i c h chfiit Ifltfng c a o b Vifit N a m h i e n n a y
Cd t h i ndi, mdt trong nhiing thaeh thfle ldn nhfi't Mfin nay cua du lieh Vifit Nam Ifi phai ed dflgc NNLCLC dsit cac tifiu c h u l n qud'c tfi^ d l dfip flng yfiu c l u hfii nhfip. D i l u nfiy ddi hdi c l n phai ed eae giai phfip tofin difin, trong dd ed b a n n h i t la phai g i n dfio tao, phat trien NNL du lieh vdi hdi nhap qufic t l .
Nhom gidi phdp vi ddi mdi nhdn thac, diiu chinh chinh sdch trong qudn ly vd sa dung lao ddng trong ngdnh du lich.
Mdt Id, ddi mdi nhdn thac vi ngdnh du lich: Mfie dfl d l a n "Quy hogch phdt triin nhAn lOc ngdnh du lich giai dogn 2011- 202(f'^^'> cd de cfip dfih nhfliig y l u to' qufi'c te a n h hfldng deh p h a t trien NNL du Iich Viet Nam trong giai doan p h a t t r i l n deh nfim 2020, nhflng d l a n ehfla t h i y hfi't dfldc tae dfing eua yfiu e i u hfii nhfip qufi'c tfi' dfi'n NNL vfi dfio tao NNL cua ngfinh trOng mdi quan he vdi cac "ehuIn qufic te";
vi vfiy, giai phfip dfla r a chfla thilc sfl ro rfing vfi d l y dii. Trong thdi gian tdi, dfiy la f Q NHANLQC KHOA HQC XAHtil
mdt trong nhflng vKn de c l n d f l ^ khIe phue trfldc tien d l tao tien de eho cfic giai phap khfic;
Hai Id, trong cdng tdc qudn ly, ngdnh du lich cdn sdm cd vd hodn thiin nhOng quy dinh cu thi vd gidm sdt chat che viie thac hiin nhOng quy dinh vi chUng chl hdnh nghi. Vific mdi cfing tac quan Iy nfiy se t r a n h khdng d l eho nhflng ngfldi khdng ed t r i n h dd ehuyfin mfin du lieh thara gia vao nhflng eong vi$e ddi hdi phai dflde dfio tao vfi cd kien thflc ehuyfin sfiu v l du lieh.
Mfit khfic, efing tfic boi dfldng ngMfip vu thfldng xuyfin, cac ehinh sach ve Ifldng, bao Mem vfi cac chfi^ dd flu dai khac ddi vdi ngfldi Iao ddng eua cac doanh ngMfip kinh doanh du Iich d cac dia phfldng eung cln dflde gifim sat thfle Men ehfit che.
Can khfic phue ngay tinh t r a n g tMlu ehu dfing, ehfim til eua ed quan quan ly du lieh trong viee dfinh gia nfii Ifle va quan ly NNL eua ngfinh. Cu t h i , trflde tien t r i n h bfii nhfip qudc tfi' m a n h me nhfl Mfin nay, chflng t a mdi dang tifi'n hfinh dilu tra NNL de tifi'n tdi dfla vfio sii dung phan mIra quan ly N N L du lich trfin ca nfldc'*.
<^ Vien Nghidn cflu phat t r i l n du ljch (2013), Quy hogch ting thi phdt triin du lich Viet Nam din n&m 2020, tdm nhin din ndm 2030.
**' De an Quy hogch phdt trien nhdn life ng&nh du lich giai dogn 2011-2020 da d\i<}c Bd tnlflng Bf Vftn hda, T h i thao vfi Du ljch phg duyft tai Quyet dinh so 3066/QD-BVHTTDL ngfiy 29/9/2011.
<^ Ngfiy 20/11/2015, t^i Hfi Nfi, Vy To chile cfin bf (Ting cyc Du ljch) ph^i h?p vdi Dil fin ChUdng trinh Phat t r i l n nfing lUc du lich cd trfich nhifin vdi mfi trudng vfi xfi hfi (Du fin EU-ESRT) tS chiic Tfip hufin dilu tra ngudn nhfin li^c ngfinh Du lieh vfi p h i biln ed di^ng phfin m i m quan ly ngudn nhan lilc quan Ijr nhfi nildc v l du ljch dfinh cho cfic Sd Vfin hda. The thao vfi Du hch vfi Set Du ljch cac ^ n h , thfinh mien Bfic. Cufc dilu tra du k i l n dUOc trien khai vdi quy md khoang 30.420 don vj lfi cfic dctn vj ail nghifp cfing ve du lich, doanh nghifp Iii hfinh, cd sd lUu tni du ljch, to chiic, hdi, hifp hdi ho^t dong ve du lich; tfip t n m g vfio thdng tin v l BS lu^ng, vj tri vifc lfim, Hnh vi;lc chuyfn mdn vfi chfi't luring nguon nhfin Itfc doi vdi ttttig linh vi^c chuydn mdn.
sti 9-2017
DAO THI KIM BIEN Vific chSun t r e trong n i m bfit thflc t r a n g
vfi flng d u n g cdng i ^ h $ t h d n g t m vfio q u a n 1;^ N N L se gfiy khd khfln cho v i ^ hoach dinh cMeh Ifldc p h a t t r i l n cua ngfinh.
Nhdm gidi phdp ddi vdi ddo tgo NNL du lich hi^ng din chudn qudc ti.
Mdt Id, tdchOc hi tkdng ddo tgo du lich pkit hap vdi yiu cdu hdi nhdp. Theo dd, cac bd, n g a n h h e n q u a n c l n cd sfl phra hdp di xem xet, d a n h gia tofin difin h$ thd'ng cd sd dfio tao du lich Mfin cfi, d l cd nhiing bien phap cai to chflng sao eho phfl hdp vdi yfiu c l u p h a t t r i l n ngfinh; t h a m k h a o hfi thd'ng dfio tao d efie nfldc cd ngfinh du lieh phfit trien de dam bao cd cfiii dfio tao hdp 1^, phu hdp vdi cfic c h u l n mflc chung cua k h u vflc vfi qufic tfi'.
Stta doi chfldng t r i n h dfio tao du lich d cac bae hge sao cho thfihg n h i t t r e n p h a m viea nfldc vfl c l n t i n h dfih y l u tfii^ hdi nhfip d l dam bao cfic ehfldng t r i n h k h u n g phfl hdp vdi c h u l n mile k h u vfle vfl qudc tfi^.
D^e bifit, c l n q u a n t a m deh cd hfii thflc hfinh n g h i ngM$p eiia ngfldi hgc, tfing thdi Ifldng thflc hfinh so vdi chfldng t r i n h dfio tao truyen thdhg.
P h a t t r i l n dfii n g u g i i o vifin, giang vien vfl dfio t^o vifin du lich theo hfldng dii v l sfi' Ifldng, hgp 1^ v l ed d u , e h u I n v l c h i t Ifldng d l dap flng n h u c l u dfio teio. Vific phat t r i l n dfii n g u giang vifin vfi giao vifin cua efie cd sd dfio t a o n g h i d u lich ed t h e thfle M^n bfing nMeu h i n b thflc; trong dd, c6 ck cil di t h a m q u a n , hgc tfip nfing eao trinh dfi giang d^y & ngofii nfldc. Chfl trgng n a n g cao t r i n h dfi tin hgc, ngoai ngfl vfi phfldng p h a p giang d a y cho dfii ngu nfly. Cd chinh sach k h u y e n kMeh mdi cac ehuyfin gia qufic te^ d cac nfldc cd ngfinh du lich phfit t r i l n t h a m gia giang d^y, n h i t lfi nhflng mfin mdi ho$e nhiing mdn mfl Vi$t Nam cdn it giang vifin, ehuyfin gia cd t r i n h d$ cao. Bfin e a n h dd, ciing c l n cd ed c h l d l
t h u hflt sfl t h a m gia tich efle cua cflc nhfi quan Iy, cac nhfl khoa hge cd trinh do, cfic doanh nhfin cd k i n h ngMfim, cae nghfi nhfin, chuyen gia, k y thufit vifin cfi ky nflng n g h e cao vfio boat ddng dfio tao di nfing eao t i n h thfle tien eua cfic chfldng t r i n h dfio tao du lieh.
Hai Id, ddy manh liin kit trong ddo tgo du lich c l n dflde xem la giai phap het sflc quan trgng. Xet cho ciing, ddi tfldng hfldng Idi n M l u n h i t tfl NNLDLCLC chinh lfi efie doanh nghifip lfim du lich-l/u thfi' cua cfic nhfi trfldng lfi cd hfi tho'ng kien thflc ly lufin da dang vfl phong phfl, cdn cfic doanh nghidp Iai cd t i l m lfle ve ed sd vfit chfi't vfi k m h ngMfim boat ddng thfle t i l n . Vi vfiy, h a i bfin c l n hdp tfic chflt che vdi n h a u trong dfio tao de ciing k h a i thfie t h i manh eua nhau, tao r a san p h i m dfio tao lfl NNLDLCLC. Sfl hfin kfii: vfi hdp tfie dao tao nfiy cd t h i lfi t h u h u t cac doanh nghiep t h a m gia xfiy dflng chfldng trinh, ndi dung dfio tao, mdi cac nhfi quan ly- va nhfin vifin ed k i n h ngM$m cua hg t h a m gia giang day. Dfic bifit, cac doanh ngMfip phai trd thfinh ndi thilc hfinh thilc te^, thflc tfip thfldng xuyfin cho sinh vien cac trfldng.
Dong thdi, nhfi trfldng se dfio tao "theo ddn dfit hflng" trfle tifi'p cua cac doanh ngMfip, cdn cac doanh ngMfip se tfii trd hoflc d i u tfl trfle tifi'p eho eae n h a trfldng d l n a n g eao Mfiu qua dfio tao. Khfing nhiing thl^ hfing nflm, cac doanh ngMfip c l n cd sfl d a n h gia nfing lilc Ifim vific cua nhfin vifin vfi to chflc hfii thao bao eao vdi efie cd sd dflo tao de h a i bfin nfim bfit dfldc t r i n h do, e h l t Ifldng dang h mfle nfio, e i n cd nhflng d i l u ehinh g^ ve nfii dung Ifin phfldng phfip giang day cho phfl hdp.
Duy tri, mdi ggi, flu tifin cho cac dil an h e n quan deh n a n g cao c h i t Ifldng NNL du lich Vi^t N a m tfl cac to chflc tiong vfi ngofii nflde.
stit-2in7 NHAHLQC KHOA HQC X A H $ I Q
PHAT TRI^N NGU6N NHAN LUC DU LICH CHAT LUONG CAO...
Ba Id, tdng cadng vai trb cua Hiip hdi Du lich trong hogt ddng ddo tgo, Hifip hfii Du lich lfi to ehfle dai difin cua doanh ngMfip du Iich; vi vfly, Hifip bfii Du lich c l n phfit huy vai trd " c l u nfii" dflc bifit quan trgng gifla boat ddng kinh doanh du lich vdi boat ddng dfio tao du lich. Ndi mdt efieh khac, Hifip hdi Du lich phai lfi ndi eung cap thdng tin eho cae ed sd dflo tao du Iich ve n h u c l u lao dgng d cfic trinh do va ky nflng n g h i khac n h a u phfl hdp vdi yfiu c l u phat t r i l n eua efie doanh ngMep trong qua trinh hgi n h ^ p . D i n g thdi, Hiep hfii Du lich se Ifim trung gian de mdi ggi va t h u h u t sfl d i u tfl vfi t h a m gia eua cac doanh ngMep vfio efie boat ddng, trfldc hfi't lfl boat ddng dfio tao, cua cfic nhfi tnidng.
Tdm lai, trong bfii canh Viet Nara dang tham gia hdi nhfip qud'c tfi' ngfiy efing sfiu, rdng nhfl Men nay, vific phfit t r i l n NNLCLC lfi mfit yfiu eau bfle thifi't, Ifi
"diem nut" quan trgng n h i t de bien nhiing t i l m nfing du lich eua dfi't nflde thfinh M$n thfle, giup eho chung t a khdng "thua ngay trfin sfin nhfl" k h i md efla hfii nhfip. Vific thfle Mfin d i n g bd mgt so giai phap quan trgng tren chflc cbfin se gdp p h i n tich cflc vflo vific p h a t t r i l n NNLDLCLC hfldng deh cac chufin mfle k h u vflc vfi qufi'c tfi', dap flng yfiu eau hdi nhfip eua du Iich Viet Nam Men nay.
T A I LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Bg Vfin boa The thao vk Du Iich, 2011, Chiin laac phdt triin du lich Viit Nam din ndm 2020, tdm nhin din ndm 2030, Hfi Ndi.
2. Bd Vfin hda, The thao vfl Du lieh, 2011, Quy hogch phdt triin nhdn lac ngdnh du lich giai dogn 2011 - 2020, Hfl Nfii.
3. T r l n Phfl Cfldng (2016), "Du lieh Vi$t Nam hfii nhfip C^ng d i n g kinh tfi' ASEAN", Tgp chiDu lich, t h a n g 3/2016.
4. Lflu Dfle K I (2016), Tga dfim "Giai phap phfit trien du lieh Vifit Nam trd thfinh Ngfinh k i n h te' mui nhgn", do Ban Kinh tfi' Trung fldng cM dao vfi p h ^ hgp cflng Hifip hdi D u lieh Vifit Nam to ehfle tai Thfinh phfi' H i CM M m h vfio ngfly 08/9/2016.
5. N g u y i n Vfin Lflu, "Lien kfi't ba nhfi d l d l y m a n h p h a t trien ngudn nhfin lflc du lieh chfi't Ifldng eao trong Cdng dong ASEAN", Ky yeu Hfii thao khoa hge Ndng cao chdt liidng ddo tgo vdn hda nghi thudt, thi due thi thao vd du lich theo hadng ehudn qud'c gia vd khu vac, do Bfi Vfin hda, T h i thao vfi Du Iich to chflc t£ii Trfldng Cao d i n g V a n hda ngh$ thufit vfi Du lich tfl 4 - 6/7/2016.
6. Pham Trung Lfldng,"Phat t r i l n du lieh Vifit Nam trong bfii canh hfii nhfip".
T u y i n tfip Hfii t h a o quoc tfi' Todn cdu hod du lich vd dia phaang hoa du lich, Tp. Ho CM Mmh, ngfiy 7/3/2015.
7. Phara Trung Lfldng, "Dao tao phat t r i l n n g u i n nhfin lflc du lich trong boi canh hgi nhfip", trong Ky yfiu Hfii thao khoa hgc Brexit vd cgng ddng kinh ti ASEAN dUdi gdc nhin hdi nhap, Trfldng Dai hge Vfin Hiin, Tp. Hd CM Minh, ngay 03/8/2016.
8. P h a m Trgng Lfi NgMa, "Phat triln n g u i n nhfin lfle du Iich c h i t Ifldng eao thdi hgi nhfip", Tgp chi Vdn hda nghi thudt, sd' 328, t h a n g 10/2011.
9. Nguyfin Tfi'n Trung, "Giai phfip dfio tao n h a n Iilc du lieh chat Ifldng eao cua tifldng dai hge Vfin Hifin dap flng yfiu eiu hgi nhfip", trong Ky yeu Hdi thao khoa hgc
"Brexit vd cdng dong kinh ti ASEAN dadi gdc nhin hdi nhdp", Trfldng D^i hge Vfin Hie'n,Tp HCM, ngfly 03/8/2016.
10. Vifin NgMfin cflu phat t r i l n du Iich (2013), Quy hogch tong the phdt triin du lich Viit Nam din ndm 2020, tdm nhin din nam 2030.
Q NHANLQC KHOA HQC X A H O I sti 8-2017
