KHDA HOC VA CfiNG NGHE MO
J^JJI
NGHIEN CUU CHE TAO MANG CAO UON GOC 90°
PHUC V U KHAI THAC THAN HAM LO
ThS. DOAN NGOC CANH, TS. TA NGOC HAI Wen Khoa hoc Cdng nghe md-Vinacomin
ThS. NGUYEN XUAN THANH Trwong Dai hge Cong nghiep Quang Ninh
M
ing cao Id phuang tipn van tai lien tuc dugc sd dgng rdng rai trong mo him Id nhd cdc uu dilm: Lam viec dupe trong mdi trudng Im udt, kha nang qua tai cao, lam vipc dugc vdi nin Id khdng blng phang, cd t h i udn trong mat phlng ngang, cd kha nang lam vipc ddng bg vdi mdy khiu vd gian ehlng tu hanh... Vi vdy, cho din hidn nay, mdng cao van la phuang tien vdn tai duy nhit trong Id chp ca gidi hda di eCingmay khau. Khdng nhung the mang cao cdn dugc sd dgng trong cac kho bai than, nha may tuyln. Vi vgy, hien nay viec nghien cdu hoan thipn va dua ra cac logi mang eao kit elu mdi vdn duac thue hien.
1. Nghien cdu c h i tao mang cao udn gdc 90°
Theo thing ke ehua diy du, hien tai Tap doan Cdng nghiep Than-Khoang san Vipt nam (Vinacomin) dang su dgng gdn 1600 mang cao cac logi (Bang 1).
Bang 1. Ming cao dang su dung trong cac md cua Vinacomin. Dan vj: bd.
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ky hi#u SKAT-80 CUM MC-80/15 SGB 420/22 SGB 420/30 SGB 620/40 SGB 630/180 SGD 280/7,5 SGD 320/18,5 SGD 420/22 SGD 620/40 SGZ 630/220 CP-70
T6ng:
Th6nq s6 k$ thu^t chinh Nang
suit (t/h) 80 60 80 150 400 30 40 60 150 450 525
^hieu da (m) 80 100 100 100 150 60 80 100 100 150 100
Kich thuoc c4u n^ng - QxRxC (mm
1500X420X150 1200K420K150 1200x420x150 1500x620x180 1500x630x222 1200x280x125 1200x320x150 1200x420x150 1500x620x180 1500x630x222 1536x595x222
Cong suit d6ng CO d i n dong
(kW) 15 22 30/2x15
40 2x90
7,5 18,5
22 40 2x110
2x45
Quy each xich keo (mm)
11)14x50 014x50 1614x50
*18x64 4)22x86
©10x40 014x50 0)14x50 11)18x64 022x86 018x64
S6 luong c6 din 31/12/2013
849 87 252 101 1 9 18 62 5 1 10 1.575 Td s l lidu cua Bang 1 cd t h i thdy, mang eao la
thilt bj khdng chi cd so lupng Idn dang sd dgng trong ngdnh than ma edn la thilt bj phu hgp vdi thilt bj vd cdng nghd hidn cd trong nudc, dupc chi tgo vdi s l lugng chilm 55 % lugng mang cao dang sd dyng (SKAT-80.C14M, MC-80/15) va cdn cd thi tdng han nua.
Vide mdng cdo dupc su dgng rgng rdi trong vdn chuyin than Id do kha ndng Idm vipe qud tai cao,
lam viee phu hop vdi dieu kipn trong Id Ddi vgi nhung mang cao trinh bay trong Bang 1, day Id nhung mang cao thdng thudng, cd kha nang udn trong phgm vi nhdt djnh, mang cao co kha ndng uon nhieu han dugc su dgng di cung may khau than.
Tuy nhien, trong thuc t l vgn tai md than him Id, trong nhilu tafdng hgp phai bd tri cac mang cao vudng gdc vdi nhau trong sa d l vgn tai eua md than ham Id. Vide bd tri theo sa d l ndy cd nhung bit lpi sau.
CdNG NGHIEP MO Sd 4-2014
^^I_
KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE M O• Tang sd lupng mang eao do phai b l tri hai mang vudng gdc vdi nhau, ding nghTa vdi viee tang s l lupng diu ddn ddng, tang dudi, phai bd tri mang nhdn eho nen tang chi phi bao dudng, sua chda thilt bj, giam dp tin cay lam viec cua he thing van tai, lam phuc tap sa dd b l tri thilt bj;
• Khi bd tri mang eao thdng thudng, dudi mang cao nhdn tai tu mang cao Id cha Ihudng phai b l tri gin vj tri nga ba. Vi vgy, cin phai cd bien phap ching giu tdt d l bao ve an toan cho cho thilt bj, eg t h i la dudi mang cao nhgn tai.
Dk giai quylt vdn d l neu tren va giam s l ddu thilt bj, td lau cac nudc da nghien cdu eac mang cao cd kit edu cd Uil lam viec vdi gdc uln din 90°. Tai CHLB Nga td nhung nam 60 da thilt k l , ehi tao cac mang cao udn gdc 90" [2], [3] Mang cao KCn-4 chilu dai -80 m (H.l.a), mang cao Cnn-1 (H.l.b).
H. 1. Cic mang cao udn gdc 90°:
a - KCn-4; b - cnn-1.
Dac tinh ky thuat mang cao uon 90" loai Cnn-1 nhu neu trong Bang 1. D l thuc hien dugc viec uon din 90°, cac mang cao tren diu cd kit cdu bo tri xich mgt ben, thanh gat consol, gdn mdt diu vdi xich keo Mang cao KCn-4 su dung xich ong, thanh gat kit ciu han, hai mang hai ben, tang xich bd tri thing dung nim giua hai mang.
Sang 1. Dicb'nhl^lhu$tmingciou6n9(flo9iCm-1 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11
Nanq suat; T/h van tdc xich, m/s
Co cdu keo: thanh gat bd tri consol, mot xich
Loai xich Co xiCh, mm S6 lu'p'ng xich Bu-dc xich, mm S6 lu'p'ng dong co Chilu dai, m Khli lU'P'ni^, kg
260 1 0,89
]
Mat tron ', 24x86 ;
1 687
i;2 120 25.389 Mang cao Cfiri-I cung b l tri xich mdt ben, thanh gat consol nhung xich su dung xich trdn, ehi cd m^
mang, tang xich b l tri ngang. Ddi vdi mang cao KCli 4, viec b l tri hai mang mdt tdng lam giam hieu suit sd dgng mat blng trong Id lam dudng Id ehdt hep Mgt nhug'c dilm dang ke eua cac kit ciu mang c^o tren la b l tri thanh ggt consol cho nen dilu kipn lam viec cua nd khdng thugn lpi. D l i vdi thanh ggt, mdt bp phan hay bj hdng cua mang cao, vipe b l tri xich hai ben la cd hieu qua nhdt khi chju Ig'c, trong qua trinh lam viec cua ca elu xich keo-thanh ggt eua mang cao, tilp theo la sa dd bd tri xich keo cdn ddi d gii>a.
Nhung nam 90 cua t h i ky trudc, CHLB Ddc da chi tao mang cao uln vudng gdc 90°, xich keo d gida.
Nhilu nudc cQng da ehi tao eac mang cao tuang tf theo nguyen ly do, trong dd cd Trung Qudc [4].
Tgi Vipt Nam, giai doan tu nam 2003 trd lgi day, tren ca sd ung dung k i t qua cua nhdng cdng trinh nghien cdu cdng nghp khai thae cho dilu kipn via day die vung than Quang Ninh, vdi vipc dua vao ap dgng eac vl chdng thuy luc, dan ehlng tu' hdnh, Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Md da d l xudt va phoi hpp vdi cac md than h i m Id dua vao dp dgng cdng nghe khai thdc chia ldp ngang-nghieng trong khai thae eac via day die. V l ban chit, cdng nghd khai thae chia lap ngang-nghieng Id mpt dgng eua edng nghe khai thae ehia Idp bdng, vdi dilu chinh nin guang khdu nghieng mpt gdc nhit djnh d l tgo thuan lgi cho vipc van tai than d guang ra hp thing van tai trong Id dge via phan tdng Qua thye t l dp dgng, edng nghp khai thae nay da khic phgc dupc nhung nhuac dilm cua cac cdng nghp khai thae trudc do, san lugng, nang suit lao dgng tdng, chi phi gd, t i n thdt than giam va ddc bipt ndng cao muc dd an todn lao dgng, ndng cao ddng k l cdc chi tieu kinh t l ky thudt.
Chinh vi nhdng uu dilm ndi trgi trdn ma chi sau mgt thai gian ngin thu nghipm, cdng nghd ndy dS nhanh chdng dup'c dp dgng p h i biln, \r, cdng ngh§
chu dgo trong khai thdc edc via day, c' , d tit c3 CdNG NGHIEP MO S^ 4-2014
KHOA HOC VA CANG NGHE MO _ ^ ^
cdc md than hdm Id vung Quang Ninh. Theo thing kd. ndm 2010^ cdng nghp khai thae nay da ddng gdp 11,62 % tdng san lup^ng than hdm Id.
Tuy nhien. cdng nghd khai thdc nay vdn cdn han chi, nhit Id hd thing van tai. Hien tgi, \^n tai tgi guong khai thdc chu ylu Id hinh thdc van tai bdng mang trupt, tai than d guang vao mdng cao trong Id dge via. Vdi edc via ddy han, van tai d guang sd dung mang cao, Wii dd, hd thing van tai se bao gdm hai tuyln mang cdo, ddt tnide guang vd trong Id dpc via.
Trong trudng hp'p nay vipc sd dgng mang cdo uln gdc 90°, nli guang Id chp vdi hp thing vgn tai trong Id dpe via la mdt phuang an rat kha thi va hieu qua. O l khdng djnh kha nang ehi tao va Idm vipc cua mang cao logi nay, trong nhiem vg nghien cuu khoa hpc duac giao, Vien Khoa hge Cdng nghe Md phdi hap vdi Cdng ty Cd phdn Ca khi Otd Udng Bi va Xi nghiep than Ha Rang chi tao va chgy thu cgm elu mang 90° lip vdi cac bg phan cdn lai cua mang cao SGD-320.
Bing 2. Dac tinh i(y thuat cua ming cao chi tao thie co goc u6n Thong so
NSng suat
Khoang c^ch giu'a 2 thanh gat van t6c xleh
Loai xich Li^c keo di>t DOng CO dien: + Dipn ap
+ Cong suit + Van t i c vong quay
Oon vj T/h mm m/s mm kN
V kW vong/phut
9(f
Gia tri d l i vol eac chunq loai e6 Bong CO 30 kW
40 300 0,59 4)14x50
245 380/660
30 1450
Dong CO 37 kW 60 300 0,59 i|i14x50
245 380/660
37 1450
• Cgm elu mang 90° gdm: Cdu mang sd 1, s l 2, sd 3; tdm long mdng so 1, s l 2.
Tim day cdu mang. Khi ciu mang kit hpp vdi mang cao SGD-320, tuy thugc vao cdng suit dpng ea, mang cao udn goc 90° cd dac tinh ky thugt cua nhu neu trong Bang 2.
H.2. Bin vi lip cym ciu ming cio uon 90°: 1 - Cum tmyin ddng; 2 - Ciu ming 90°; 3 - Tim diy ciu ming 90^; 4 - Tim han; 5 - Buldng, ecu.
vdng dim Ml 6x60; 6 - Gin ting cung Cgm elu mdng 90° dupc thilt k l ed kit elu (H.2), bao gIm:
•:• Cgm truyln ddng, gIm: Banh quay 1, 2; d bi long ciu hai ddy; trgc quay; thanh chdn; ndp tren;
thdnh bdn; nip kin 1 1 , 2; t i m ddm chdn than.
H.3. Lip dat ch^y thu ming cao uon 90 Tren H.3 la hinh anh ldp ddt chay thd mang cao udn 90°. Qua trinh chgy thu da khdng djnh kha ndng lam viee cua nguyen ly, kit cdu da chpn. Tuy nhien, edn cd nhdng vdn de can dugc nghien cuu hoan thipn d l cd t h i c h i tgo trgn bp mang cdo, trong dd cd cac vin d l sau:
(Xem tiip trang 85) CONG NGHIEP MO Sd 4 - 2 0 1 4
