NGHIEN cim & ONG DUNG II
XAY DUNG BO SOU TAP CAC LOAI LITONG cir (AMPHIBIA)
PHUC v u VIEC DAY HOC VA NGHIEN CUtJ 6
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TRU6NG DAI HOC DONG THAP
Hoang Thj Nghiep Khoa Sinh hgc, Tru&ng Dqi hgc Dong Thdp
F
^iet Nam la nudc ndm trong vung nhiet ddi, gid mua thich hgp cho lu&ng cu la nhdm dgng vqt ua nhiet, ua dm phdt trien mqnh me. Theo nghien cuu cua Nguyen Vdn Sdng vd cdng sir (2009), Viet Nam co khodng 176 lodi ech nhdi. Tuy nhien su phan bo cua cdc lodi d cdcvung khdc nhau tren dat nudc ia khdng ddng deu, do do viec nghien cuu cu the thdnh phdn lodi cua tirng viing rdt can thiet di bd sung nhiing ddn lieu ve nghien cuu khu he ddng vqt.
Ddi vdi sinh vien khoa Sinh hgc, viec nghien eitu, thi nghidm chu yeu thuc hien tren cdc mdu vqt that, tuy nhien khdng phdi luc ndo cilng thu thdp dugc day du mdu vqt de gidng dqy cho sinh vien. Do do cdng vi^c ldm bg suu tap tung nhom sinh vdt phuc vu gidng dqy Id viec ldm cdn thiet. Ddng th&i day Id budc chudn bi de lien tdi xdy dung phong trung bdy ddng vqt d trudng Dqi hgc Ddng Thdp.
I. Quy trinh xay dung bo suu tap mau vat luong cir
D6 tien hanh xay dung bg suu tap mau vat ludng cu chiing toi lam theo trinh tu bon budc cu the nhu sau:
Nh4n bai ngay 29/7/2011
Budc L Di thu mau ngoai thye dja
Mau vat dugc thu true tiep bang tay, bang moc, bang vgt.
Thdi gian thu mau chii yeu dugc tien hanh tir 18g den 23g hang ngay (vi day la thdi gian boat dgng manh me nhat trong ngay cua nhom dgng vat ludng cu).
Cac dgt di thu mau bat dau tir thang 8 nam 2009 den thang 12 nam 2011, trung binh moi thang di thu mau 1 lan. Cae tuyen thu mau va khao sat thuc hien tren dja ban cac huyen xa ciia ciia tinh Dong Thap.
Budc 2. Xu- Iy mau vat Mau thu xong chiing toi tien hanh chup hinh, quay phim tai nai thu mau de dam bao giCr dugc mau sac nhu cua con vat liic con song. Sau do mau vat dugc CO dinh bang foocmon 4% de djnh hinh theo y muon ciia minh, trong vong 24g mau dugc chuyen sang con 79° hoac foocmon 8% de luu giii, cong viec nay co the tien hanh tai phong tbi nghiem (neu diem thu miu d gan phong thi nghiem), hoac co the tien hanh tai diem thu mau (neu diem thu mau d xa phong thi nghiem).
Budc 3. Phan tich mau vat Moi mau vat thu dugc chiing toi tien hanh phan tich cac chi
tieu binh thai, dinh ten mau vat de xac djnh ten loai. Ten mau vat dugc dinh loai theo cac tai lieu ciia Dao Van Tien, eua Tran Kien, Nguyen Van Sang. Moi mau v^t se co mgt phieu hinh thai rieng, trong do gom cac thong tin nhu sau; ten La Tinh, ten Viet Nam, ten tieng Anh, ten dia phuang, vaky hieu hieu mau kem theo.
Budc 4. Trinh bay bo su'u tap
Mau vat sau khi dugc dinh ten, kem anh mau, chung toi tieng hanh xay dung bg mau de bao quan lau dai. Moi loai chiing toi chgn tir 1 den 2 ca the de bo vao binh thiiy tinh, tiiy theo mau nho hay Idn, tu the can dung mau nhu the nao ma chung toi kem them cac mieng thiiy tinh nho, trong suot de dung mau cho thuan tien. Mau liic nay dugc ngam trong con 70", day kin nap binh thiiy tinh lai, ban kin bang parafin de ban che su boc hai ciia con.
2. Ket qua nghien cihi Qua qua trinh thu thap, phan tich mau vat chung toi da lap danh luc gom 24 loai ludng cu d tinh Dong Thap. Trong danh luc 24 loai do chiing toi tien hanh xay dung bg suu tap ciia cac loai it pho bien de phuc vu
TAP CHi THIET Bj GIAO DI^C - SO 72 - 8/2011 • 9
II NGHIEN C m i a ONG DUNG
Bang 1. Thanh phan loai ludng cu eua tinh Ddng Thap
TT loai (1)
1 2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
24
Ten Khoa hpc (2) 1. Bufonidae
Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Ingerophrynus galeatus (Gunther 1864) 2. Microhylidae
Kaloula pulchra Gray, 1831 Microhylafissipes (Boulenger, 1884) Microhyla heymonsi \ogX, 1911 Micryletta /rto/-rta?a (Bouleoger, 1980) 3. Dicroglossidae
Fejervarya cancrivora (Gravenhorst, 1829) Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829) Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) Limnonectes dabanus (Smith, 1922)
Limnonectes kuhlii (Tschudi, 1838) Occidozyga lima (Gravenhorst, 1829) Occidozyga martensii (Peters, 1867) Occidozyga vittata (Andersson, 1942) 4. Ranidae >.
Hylarana erythraea (Schlegel, 1837) Hylarana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) Hylarana macrodactyla Gunther, 1858 Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) Hylarana taipehensis (Van Denburgh, 1909) Ranajohnsi Smith, 1921
5. Rhacophoridae
Chiromantis nongkhogensis (Cochran, 1927) Polypedales leucomystax (Gravenhorst, 1829) Theloderma stellatum Taylor, 1962
6. Ichthyophiidae
Ichthyophis bannanicus Yang, 1984
Ten Viet Nam (3) 1. H9 Coc Coc nha Coc rirng 2. Ho Nhai bau Enh uang thuang Nhai bau hoa Nhai bau hay mon Nhai bau tran 3. Hp Ech Ech cua Ngoe Ech dong Ech mun Nam Bp Ech nheo
Coc nuac san Coc nuac marten Coc nuac nho 4. Ho Ech nhai Chang xanh Chau chang Chang hiu Ech suoi . Chang Dai Bac
Hiu hiu 5. Ho Ech cay Nhai cay nong kho Ech cay mep trSng Ech cay san tay lo 6. Ho Ech giun Ech giun
1 0 .
TAP CHI THIET Bl GIAO DUC - SO 72 - 6/2011NGHIEN c i m & ONG DUNG II
Mot so hinh anh ve bo suu tap luang cu tai tinh Dong Thap
Hinh 1. Ech giun Ichthyophis bannanicus
Hinh 4. Ech cay san ta la Theloderma stellatum cho viec giang day mon Dgng vat CO xuang song, mon da dang sinh hgc, mon sinh thai hgc dgng vat. Dong thdi bg suu tap nay se dugc trung bay d phong trung bay dgng vat ciia bao tang sinh hgc thudc trudng Dai hgc Dong Thap.
3. Ket luan
Chiing tdi da xay dung dugc bg mau vat gom 24 loai ludng cu, moi loai gom mau vat ngam con va anh mau kem theo. Bg mau nay dugc sir dung cho viec day va hgc cac mon hgc lien quan ciia giang vien va sinh vien klioa Sinh hgc, trudng Dai hgc Dong Thap. Ngoai ra bd mau con phuc vu cho viec nghien ciiii klioa ligc ciia sinh vien, giang vien, chu4n bj cbo viec xay dung phong trung bay dgng vat thuge
Hinh 2. Nhdi hdu tron Micryletta inomata
Hinh 5. Nhdi bdu hdy mon Microhyla heymonsi bao tang Sinh hgc d Trudng Dai bgc Dong Thap.
Viec xay dung bg mau vat sinh hgc cd vai tro rat quan trgng giiip cho viec day va hgc hieu qua va sat thuc tien ban, gop phan nang cao chat lugng dao tao d trudng dai hgc. De CO bg mau tot can tuan theo quy trinh cua lihom dgng vat mgt each nghiem tiic, dac biet la phai dinh danh chinh xac ten loai va vi tri trong he thong phan loai, mau can phai dugc bao quan tot de sir dung lau dai.
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Ngo Dac Chimg, Hoang Thi Nghiep (2008), Thanh phdn lodi Ludng cu vd Bo sdt d tinh Dong Thdp, Tap chi Sinh hgc, Tap 30 (3), Vien Khoa hgc va Cong nghe Yiet Nam, U-.52 - 57.
Hinh 3. Ech cdy mep trdng Polypedates leucomystax
l i . ; V . : - - . » . - n ^•
Hinh 6. Chang xanh Hylarana erythraea
2. Nguyen Van Sang, Ho Thu Cue, Nguyen Quang Trudng (2005), Danh Ittc ech nhdi vd bo sdt Viet Nam, Nxb Nong nghiep, HaNoi.
3. Nguyen Van Sang, H6 Thu Cue, Nguyen Quang Trudng, Nguyen Vu Khoi (2005), Nhgn dgng mgt so lodi bo sdt, ech nhdi d Viet Nam, Nxb Nong nghiep, Thanh ph6 H6 Cbi Minh.
4. Dao Van Tien (1977), "Fe"
dir^ logi ech nfidi Viet Nam", Tap chi Sinh vat - Dia hgc, tap XV (2), tr.33-40.
5. Nguyen Van Sang, Ho Thu Cue, Nguyen Quang Truong (2009), Herpetofauna of
Vietnam, Edition Chimaira
TAP CHl THIET B! GlAo DUC • so 72 • 8/2011 • 11
