QUY TRIMH SAIM X U A T DfCH THUY PHAIV TRUM QUE VA HIEU QUA CUA DfCH THUY PHAIV TRUIV QUE [Perianyx excat/atu^ DEIV TOC DO TAIVG KHOI LUOIVG
GA AC {GaNus gallus D o m e s t i c u s Brissan]
IVUdi THU01VG P H A M
Nguyen van Le', Biu Xudn Khanh^
T6MTAT
Nghien ciiu anh hucmg cua dich thiiy phan trim que den tdc do tang khoi lirong gd vuon nuoi thirong ph^m dugc Inen khai thuc hien nham muc tieu khao sat su anh huong ciia dich thuy phan trim que- va cac yeu td anh huong den loc do tang khdi lupng, hieu qua kinh td tren quy tnnh chan nuoi ga Ac thuong pham. Cac noi dung, eflng viec tri6n khai thuc hien bao gdm: (i) Nghien cuu quy trinh san xuat dich Ihiiy phan trim qu^i (ii) Anh huong ciia dich Ihiiy phan Iriin que den toe do tang khdi luong ga vuon nuoi thuong pham;
(iiO Hi#u qua kinh te khi bd sung dich thiiy phan Uiin que vao khau phan an ga Ac nuoi thuong pham. Cac thi nghidm khao sal anh huong ciia cac nhan lo (lien xir iy sinh khdi trun qu6. mat dp vi sinh vat, Iirpng nuoc bo sung) den ham Iirpng chuoi pol>peptJl con lai theo thoi gian (2 ngay, 7 ngay, 14 ngay) duoc bd In Iheo thfi thuc hoan loan ngdu nhi6n trong di^u ki^n phong thi nghiem va ihi nghidm ngoai Uiuc dia khao sal anh buong ciia djeh thiiy phan trim qu6 d6n tdc dp tang trong ga Ac nuoi thuong pham duoc bd Un theo Ihe Ihirc khdi hoan loan ngSu nhien. Kel qua thi nghiem cho thay djeh thiiy phan triin qud dat chat lupng cao iihat vol smh khdi trim que xay nhuy^n va khong say kho kiet, ty le sinh khoi trim qud/luong nuoc bo sung la 1/1 va mat do vi khuan chuc nang Laclobacilus?,\^p la 2.7 x 10" CFU/mL Dong th6i, k^t qua nghien cuu da xac dmh dupc cong thiic tdi uu anh huong d^n tdc do tang khdi luong ga Ac nuoi iJiucmg pham la nghi?m ihirc 70% thiic an fliia) bo sung 20% dich ihuy phan (run que'.
Tirkh6a: Dich thdv phan. Uiin que, ga Ac. Eictobacilus spp. chudi pohpepbt
1 MOBAU P^^ '^'^^ ^ '•^'' ™"S nong thon va dang dupc c6ng nghiep hoa do chi phi cham soc vd ky thudt nuoi gd virdn khong doi hoi phuc tap, co khd nang chdng Ddng bdng song Cuu Long (DBSCL) Id vung
trong diem trong san xuat nong nghiep. ngoai canlt ^^^.^ ^.^ j . ,^ ^^.^ ^ . _ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^,,, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^. ^^
tac lua nuoc va cac loai thuy ha, san co g,a tri kinh tc ^. .^ ^_^, ^, ^^^^ ^^.^ ^^ ^.j^.^ ^^^^ ^^,j ^_^ ^^ ^ ^ phuc vu cho xuat Idlau thi chan nuoi dang ngay cang ^^ ^ ^ . . ^j^^.^ ^^^ ^^. ^^^^ ^^^,. ^
phat Uien manh. Ben canh do. ca cau san xuat nong
nghiep duoc chuyiSn dich djn tir trSng trot sang chan ^ u " ' S^ * ™ Phu™g PhiP co bo sung trun qui;
nuoi, trong do linh virc nuoi gia cSm co nhung buoc "a dugc mot so nha khoa hoc nghien cuu (Vu Dinh tita vuot bac trong nhung nam qua. Nhung, nguoi ta Ton va cong su. 2009; Vii Dinh Ton va cong su, 2010;
thuimg sd dung cac loai dam (protem) co ngu6n gdc Tran Ngoc Hung va Phan Trong Nhan, 2014). Theo lit hot ca, diiu nanh hay cac phu phSm tii nganh che "ghien ciiu cua Vu Dmh Ton va cong su (2010). Khi bijn thiiy. hai sin. gia siic. gia cjm d^ phuc vu cho " " « e^ " ^o sung bpt tran que 1.4% den 1.8% Ihi sau qua trinh nuoi duong cac loai gia siic. gia cim dac 12 1"*° thir nghiem khoi luong ga tang 168 g/con so biel la heo. ga.... ngu6n protein nay lai mang lai hieu ™ "Joi chiing va he so chuyen hoa thiic an thap hon qua khong cao. Mat khac, chan nuoi ga vuon lai rat ^o voi dm chiing. Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay. bo sung trim que vao khau phan an cua ga dem lai lpi nhudn cho nong ddn cao hon nuoi theo phuong phdp ' Phong Quan ly Klioa lipc \';i Cong nghe. Tnrcmg Dai hpc truy^n thong 40%, luong tieu thu thuc an cho 1 kg Kien Giang li^ng khdi luong thap hon doi chung 36%, ga tdJig -Vien Klioa lioc Cong nghe vi Diio lao. Tmong Dai lioe ^ j ^ . _ , ^^^^^^ ^^^ ,^. ^^ ^^^_ ^^^ ^ ^^^. ^^^
Kien Giang
' ' ' - — - - • " • ^ " ' > T H 6 N - K Y 1 + 2 - T H A N G 2/2020 151
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
rut ngan (Tran Ngoc Himg vd Phan Trong Nhdn.
2014) Do do, nuoi theo phirong phap co bd sung tiijn que mang lai nhieu loi ich kmh te cho nong dan.
Trong nhimg ndm gan day, ngh^ nuoi trim que {Perionyx excavatus) phdt tnen rong rai o nuoc ta.
dde biet la cdc tinh phia Nam. Nuoi trim que vira giiip xu Iy phan chudng vira tao nguon thiic an giau dam cho vat nuoi (gia sue, gia edm, thiiy san), vira Id ngudn phdn bon huu co cho cay trdng. Trim que neu nuoi hong dieu kien cham sdc tdt co the sinh san hen tuc moi tuan (Pham Tlii Vuong va Bin Huy Hien, 2017; Edwards et al, 1998; Suthar S.. 2009). Dich thiiy phan trim que chua ham luong acid amin cao, chiia dii 8 loai acid amin khdng thay the cho nhu cdu phal hien cua dong vdt. Id ngudn thuc pham bd sung gidu dam cho dong vat nudi. kich thich su them an va kha nang tieu hda nhd he vi sinh vdt duong mdt trong qud hinh len men san phdm, giam luong hiiic an cho ddng vdt nudi hong khi thdi gian nudi duoc riit ngdn, cd kha nang ho tro vd giup vdt nudi phdng trdnh cdc benh v^ tieu hda. Ben canh dd, trim que cdn tham gia vao qud trinh xu ly bd hiiu co gdp phan giam d nhidm nidi trudng. Chinh vi thd. dich trich ti"im que cd the thay th^ dupc ngudn dam truyen thdng de gdp phan tang ndng sudt vdt nuoi va cu the la ga Ac nudi thuong pham.
Z. N6UYBU/VAT UEU VA PHUDNG PHAP 2.1. Nguyen/vat U^u
Nguyen/vat heu sir dung cho tlii nghiem bao gdm ga Ac hdu hi 4 tuan ludi, smh khdi trim que, trai nuoi gd thuong pham, mdng udng vd mang dn, liia (OM50404), thude thu Biure, he thdng do mat dd quang (OD), cdn ddng hd ed gid hi do nhd nhat Id 50 g, may xay, may say khd.
2.2. Phuang phap bd tri thi nghidm
2.2.1. Nghien cmi quy tnnh sdn xuat dich thuy phan trim que
- Thi nghiem 1: Khao sat anh hudng ciia phuong phap hen xii ly smh khdi trim qud
Thi nghiem dupe bd tri theo the thiic hodn todn ngdu nghien vdi 3 nghiem thuc. 3 lan lap lai trong di^u kien phdng thi nghiem, Sinh khdi trim que su dung cho mdi nghiem thirc Id 20 g, lupng nude bd sung tuong dirong vdi Iuong sinh khdi trim que va chimg 2 niL dich nudi v\ khudn Lactobacilus spp.
Nghiem thuc 1' xay nhuy^n, say khd kiet.
Nghiem thiic 2; xay nhuydn, khdng s;iy klid kidt- Nghiem thuc 3: khdng xay nhuyen. khong say khd kiet.
- Thf nghidm 2: Khao sdt anh hudng a i a mat dp VX khuan
Thi nghiem dupc bd tri theo the tlnic hodn loan ngau nghien vdi 3 nghiem thuc, 3 Ian Idp lai hong didu kien phdng thi nghiem. Sinh khdi trim que sir dung cho mdi nghiem thiic la 20 g. luong nude bo sung tuong duong voi luong sinh klidi trim qud va phuong phdp hen xu ly Id nghiem tlnic ldi uu ciia tlii nghiem 1 (ndi dung 1).
Nghiem thuc 1: mat dp vi khuan Lactohacilus spp. 3.1xl0''CFU/mL.
Nghiem thiic 2: mat dp vi kliuan Lactohacilus spp. 3,5x10'CFU/mL.
Nghiem thiic 3: mat dp vi khuan Lactobacilus spp. 2,7 X 10" CFU/mL.
- Till nghiem 3: Khao sdt anh hudng ciia ham lugng nuoc den khd ndng thiiy phdn sinh khdi trim que
Thi nghiem dupt hd tri theo the thiic hodn todn ngau nghien vdi 3 nghiem thiie, 3 Ian lap Iai trong dieu kien phdng thi nghiem. Smh khdi trim que sir dung cho mdi nghiem thiic Id 20 g, phuong phdp tidn xii Iy la nghiem thue tdi uu eua thi nghiem 1 (ndi dung 1). mat dp vi khuan Id nghiem thuc loi uu cua thi nghiem 2 (npi dung 1).
Nghiem thiic 1: ty Ie smh khdi trim que/nud'C=l/0,5.
Nghiem thirc 2: ty Ie smh khdi trim que/nudc=l/l,0.
Nghiem thirc 3: ty le sinh khdi trim que/nudc=l/l,5.
Chi tieu Iheo doi: Khdi Iuong phdn lii chudi pohpeptit/ham lupng protein cdn lai sau th(>i gian 2 ngdy, 7 ngdy va 14 ngay.
2.2.2. Anh hudng cua dich thuy phan trun que den tdc dp tang khdi lupng ga vudn nuoi thuong pham
Thi nghiem dupc bd hi theo the thiic hodn toan ngdu nhi^n, 4 nghiem thiic, 3 lan Idp lai. Mdi nghiem thuc tien hdnh nudi 50 ga Ac hdu bi, ga 4 tudn tudi khdi lupng ga ban dau 150 - 200 gram/con. Dich thiiy phan trim que duoc bd sung true tiep vao nude uong theo ty le nhat dinh.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAI *' - - - 2/2020
KHOA HOC CONG NGHl
Nghi?m thirc 1:100% thiie a n .
Nghi?m thiic 2 : 80% thirc d n + 10% d i c h t h u y phan trun q u e .
Nghiem thirc 3 : 70% t h u c dn + 20% d i c h t h u y phdn trim qud.
Nghiem thiic 4 : 60% thiic a n + 30% d i c h t h u y phan Irim q u e .
Chi tieu t h e o doi: K h d i l u o n g g a d u p c x a c d i n h sau moi tudn, ty le x u a t h i e n b e n h . S u d u n g p h d n mem thdng k e minitab 18.0 d e k i e m d m h s u k h a c bi?t phuong sai t r u n g b m h c u a c d c n g h i e m thiic.
Nghiem thuc d u o c c h p n la n g h i e m thirc d a t h i e u q u a nhat va khac biet e d y n g h i a t h d n g k e s o vdi ddi chiing.
2.2.3. Hieu qua kinh te khi bd sung dich tiiuy phan bim que vao khau phin dn ga vudn nuoi (huongpham
Sau khi k e t t h u c thi n g h i e m t h u p c ndi d u n g 2, ti^n hanh t h d n g k e c h i p h i thirc a n , c h i p h i s u d u n g dich thiiy phdn tnan qud, c h i p h i I h u d e d i e u t n b e n h irong timg n g h i d m thiic. S u d u n g c d n g c u Microsoft excel dd xir Iy s d lieu vd d a n h gid hieu q u a k i n h t e Ihdng qua ty le chi phi d a u l i r / l k g Ididi I u o n g c o ih^. Sir d u n g p h a n m e m t l i d n g k e m i n i t a b d e k i e m dinh sir khac biet p h u o n g sai giira c d c t r u n g b i n h ciia cac nghii^m thirc. N g h i e m t h u c d u o c c h p n Id n g h i e m Ihirc hifeu q u a k m h t e n h a t v a k h d e biet cd y n g h i a ihdng k e so vdi ddi c h i i n g .
2.3. P h u o n g p h d p Idy mhx
Sii d u n g pipet hiil 0,5 niL dich thiiy p h a n d e khao sat h a m I u o n g c h u d i polypeptit c o n lai t h e o thdi .ilian 2 ngdy, 7 n g a y vd 14 n g a y . C d c m d u p h a n h c h dupc chira h o n g c a c d n g n g h i e m thity h n h . Cdn luu y lugng dieh thiiy p h d n c i m g thdi d i e m lay m a u p h a i dong nhdt ve thd tich lay d e b a n c h d tdi thidu d p bidn (long.
2.4. P h u a n g p h d p t h e o d d i c d c c h i h d u - Ham l u p n g c h u o i polypeptit c d n lai (%): s u dung p h u o n g p h d p B i u r e d e t h e o doi h a m l u p n g chuoi polypepdl cdn lai t h e o thdi g i a n thi n g h i e m .
- Klidi l u p n g g d : sir d u n g c d n e h u y e n d u n g d e xac dmh khdi l u o n g e u a c a t h e gd voi mirc tieu c h u a n nho nhat Id 50 g .
2.5. Phirong p h d p xii Iy s d lidu
Sii d u n g p h d n m e m t h d n g k e n i m i t a h 18.0 d e phan tich sir k h d e b i e t p h u o n g sai ciia t r u n g b i n h c a c
n g h i e m t h u c . Sii d u n g c d n g c u Microsoft excel d e l o n g h o p sd heu vd v e b i e u d o .
3. KET QUA VA THAO UIAN
3 . 1 . A n h h i r o n g a i a p h i r o n g p h d p h ^ n x i i ly s i n h khdi trun qu^
Ket qud thi nghiem cho thay sinh khdi trim que dupc xu ly vdi cac phuong phdp khac nhau co su khde biet ve ham lupng chudi polypephl cdn lai sau 14 ngdy khdo sat tirong ling 3 thdi diem. Sau thdi gian 14 ngdy thuy phan, ham lupng chudi polypepht cdn lai thdp nhat d- nghiem thiie 2 {xay nhuySn, khdng say khd kiet), kd ddn Id nghiem thuc 1 {xay nhuyin, sdy kho kiet) dao dong tuong ung Id 6,83%
vd 8,37% so vdi thdi diem bdt dau (100%). Ndu .xel tren quy mo ndng hp (tinh kha Uii) hoac gid hi kinh td hong san xuat eho thay nghiem lliirc 2 Id nghiem thiic tdi uu. Ket qud nghien cuu cua nhidu nha klioa hpc cho thay viec sir dung sinh khdi trim que lam nguyen heu de san xuat dich thuy phdn la rat phd bien. Tuy nhien, ket qua nghien ciru ndy ngupc lai vol nghien ciiu cua Trdn Ngpc Hiing vd Phan Trpng Nhdn (2014) ghi nhdn viec xay nhuydn Uiin qud khdng cd lpi cho qua trinh tu phdn (khong bd sung vi smh vdt). Nguyen nhdn cd the dupc gidi thich Id do khi xay nhuydn smh khdi ciia trim que gia tang dipn tieh bd mat dang kd ddn den tao didu kien tdi uu cho hoat dpng di hda cua vi sinh vat. Dong thdi, vi sinh vdt duoc chimg sau khi tac ddng co hpc nen enzyme ngoai bao cd ngudn gdc lir vi sinh vat khdng hi anh hudng tir dd thiic day qud hinh di hda.
•iw ^ .S40 1 "X.^^
t^ \ .
^30 1 X,^^
S.25 , , X , ^
-t-HJ]
a -t-NR
fc55 """
.
H i n h 1. A n h h u d n g ciia p h u o n g p h d p tl^n x i i ly s i n h k h d i t r u n q u ^
Ghi chu: AT/ (Nghiem thuc 1): xay nhuydn, say kho kiet; hlT2 (Nghiem thuc 2): xay nhuydn, khdng sdy kho kiet; NT3 (Nghiem thiw 3): Kliong xay nhuyin, khong say khd kiet
^iN-KY 1+2-THANG 2/2020 153
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
3.2. Anh huong ciia mat dp vi khuIn
Ket qua nghien ciiu ciia cdc nha khoa hpc trong vd ngoai nude cho thay. phdn Idn viec san xudt dich Ihiiy phan trim que chii yen tap trung phucmg phap tu phdn (il sinh khdi trim que theo thdi gian) hoac ket hgp ii vdi enzyme hoac cd chiing \i sinh vtt nhung ehua xde dinh duoc mat dd tdi uu ddi vdi chimg vi sinh vdt tuong iing. Thdi diem 14 ngay sau khi chimg vi sinh vat, hdm lupng chudi polypeptit con lai thap nhat so vdi cde thdi diem cdn lai. Ddi vdi nghiem thiic 3, ham lupng chudi polypeptit cdn lai thap nhat dat 8,37%, ke ddn la nghiem thirc 2 ham lupng chudi polypeptit cdn lai dat 9,1%. Ca 2 nghiem thirc nay ket qua thdng ke eho thay ham lupng chuoi polypepht cdn Iai khdng cd su khde biet vd khde biet cd y nghia thdng ke so vdi ddi chimg (nghiem thirc 1) d miic y nghia 5%. Tir kdt qua hen cho thay cd the chpn mat dp vi khuan Lactobacilus spp. 2,7 x 10*^
CFU/mL dd ung dung hong thiiy phan sinh khdi trim que nhdm tdng hieu sudt phdn hiiy chuoi polypeptit.
Bdng 1. Anh huong ciia mdt dd vi k h u i i d^n tdc dp
3.3. Anh huong cua hdm lupng ntidc d^n khd ndng thiiy phdn sinh khdi trim qu^
Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay. lupng nuoc cai vd trimg bd sung vdo sinh khdi tnin qud voi ty 1^ khac nhau cd tae ddng ddn qua trinh Ihiiy phdn trim qud (Hmh 2). Ddi vdi ngliiem thuc 2 {tyle sinh khdi trun que/nudc^l/I) vd nghiem thiic 3 {t}' Ie smh khdi brim que'/nudv=l/1.5) cho ket qua ham lupng chudi polypeptil thap nhat vd khac biet cd y nghia thdng kd so vol ddi chimg Id nghiem thiic 1 {ty le sinh khdi tidn qud/nu6c=l/0.5). Nguyen nhdn cd the Id do 6 nghiem thirc 1 hdm lugng nude bd sung qua it ddn ddn san pham thiiy phdn gay tac dpng lic che ngupc ddi vdi boat ddng ciia enzyme ciing nhu hoat ddng ciia vi sinh vdt hong dudng hirdng di hda.
Nghi6m thiic
1 2 3
thuy phan chufli polypeptit (%) 2 ngay SKC
56,93+1.65' 27,03+0.50' 26.70±0,40'
7 ngay SKC 36.83±1.09' 15.20+0.43' 11.30+0.91'
14 ngay i SKC ! 25,97+0.98'
9.10+0.40' ] 8,37+0,30'
m i ij^i
Ghi chu: Nghiem thuc 1: mat dp vi khuan Lactobacilus spp. 3,1 x lO'CFU/niL; nghiem thuc 2:
mat do vi khuan Lactobacilus spp. 3,5 x nl(f CFU/mL: nghiem thuc 3: mat dp vi khuan Lactobacilus spp. 2.7x 10' CFU/mL; SKC: Sau khi chung
Bang 2. Sinh truong cha gd Ac nudi thirong phdm giai dogn 5- 8 tudn tudi
Hinh 2. Anh hu6ng ciia hdm lugng nirdc ddn khd ndng phdn huy chudi polypepht Ghi chu: Nghiem thuc I: ty le sinh khdi trim que/nudc^l/0,5; nghiem time 2: ty le sinh khdi trim que/nu&c=l/l; nghiem tliuc 3: ty le sinh khdi trun que/nudc-1/1,5.
3.4. Tdc do tang khdi lupng gd Ac nudi thuong pham
Don vi ti'nh: gi-ani NT
1 2 3 4
TDBD (4TD 174±24,64' 172±25,.'iO' 174±24.96-' 170+24.00'
STT 221+25.92' 223±26.84' 225±27,00' 216+26.40'
6TT 274±28,00' 275±28,96' 277±27,92' 268±27.60'
7'IT 324±27.00' 325±32.00' 328±26.88' 319+27.76'
8TT 351+54.96' 388+56.48'' 444+60.68'
\ 421+48.48'' Chi chu: TDBD la thdi diem bit dau, TT lii tudn tudi, NT la nghiem thdc: nghiem thdc 1:100% thdc an Oua): nghiem diuc 2:80% thuc an +10% dich thuy phan dim que: nghiem thdc 3: 70% Uiuc an + 20% dich thuy phan dim qui: nghiem thuc 4:60% Oidc an + 30% dich thiiy phan dim que.
Thi nghiem khao sat tdc do tang khoi luong ga hau bi dat 4 tujn tuoi va m6i giai doan toe dp sinh .^c nuoi thuong pham duoc Ben hanh doi vcri ga Ac tniong ciia ga Ac co su khac biet. Trong do, khoi
NONG NGHIEP VA PHA 2/2020
Iirpng ban ddu dupc bd tri de giira cdc nghiem thuc khong cd su khac biet thdng ke (Bang 2). Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay, khdi luong tnmg bmh ga Ac nuoi thuong pham giai doan 5 tudn tuoi den 7 tudn tuoi khong CO su khac biet giira cae khdu phdn an khac nhau. Tuy nhidn, thdi diem ga Ac dat 8 hidn tudi, nghidm thiic 3 {70% thuc an + 20% dich thuy phan trim qud) vd nghiem thirc 4 {60% thuc an + 30%
dich thuy phan trun qu^ khdi lugng ca the gd trung binh cao hon so vdi nghiem thiic cdn lai va khde biet CO y nghia thdng ke so vdi nghiem thuc ddi chimg (nghidm thiic 1) 6 miic y nghia 5%.
Giai doan ga Ac dat 9-12 hidn Uidi co su phdn hda vd su smh trudng d' cdc nghiem thiic thi ngliiem tirong ling vdi khau phdn thirc an khac nhau (Bang 3). Trong dd, ddi voi thdi diem gd dat 9 tuan tudi, nghiem thiie 3 {70% thdc an + 20% dich thuy phan trim que) vi nghiem Ihiic 4 {60% tiiuc dn + 30% dich thuy phan trim qud) dat khdi lupng cao nhat tuong ling la 494g/cd thd vd 471g/ca the vd khdng khac biet y nghia thdng ke. Tuy nhien, hai nghiem Uiuc ndy khdi lupng ca the trung binh cao hon vd khac biet cd y nghJa thdng ke so vdi ddi chimg {100% thtrc an la Ida) cr mirc \" nghia 5%. Kdt qua tuong tu ddi vdi thdi diem gd Ac dat 10 tuan tudi, 11 tuan tudi vd 12 ludn tudi.
Bang 3. Sinh trudng cua gd Ac nudi thuong pham giai doan 9-12 tudn tu6i
Don vitinh:gnuii NT
1 2 3 4
TDBD (4TT) 174+24,64' 172±25,50' 174±24.96' 170±24.00"
9 T r 401+.54.24'' 427±51.00'' 494±62,68' 471+51.32'
10 TT 451+52.80' 470+51.04' 544±63.92' 521+50.48'
I I T T 501 ±54.00' 520+52.32' 594+62.40' 571+52,48'
12 TT 600+56.04' 637+58.00' 693+58.96' 670+51.60' Ghi chu: TDBD la thdi dldin bdt dau, TT la tuan tudi, NT la nghiem thuc; nghiem tiiuc 1:100% thuc Un Oua): nghiem tinic 2:80% thuc an + 10% dich thuy phdn trim qud; nghiem thuc 3: 70% thuc dn + 20% dich thuy pbSn trun que: nghiem tiiuc 4:60% thuc an -f- 30% dich tiiuy phdn trim que.
Su sinh hirdng cua ga Ac nuoi thuong pham vdo thdi di^m 13 tudn tudi cho ket qua tuong tu giai doan ga dat 12 tudn tnoi (nghiem thiic 2 vd nghiem thiic 3 cd su sinh hudng cao nhat vd khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke so vdi ddi chung la nghiem thirc 1). Tidp theo, vdo thdi didiii gd dat 14 tuan tndi, 15 tudn tuoi thi nghiem thue 2 {80% time an +10% dich tiiuy phan dim qud), nghiem thiic 3 {70% tliuc an -/• 20% dich thuy phan tnin qud) va nghiem thiie 4 {60% tiiuc an -f 30% dicb thuy phan tnin que) cd khdi lupng ed llid
Bang 4. Sinh trudng cua gd Ac nudi thuong phim giai doan 13-16 tudn tudi
khdng CO su khac biet thdng ke. Tuy nhidn, ca 3 nghiem thirc voi khdi luong ca the gd Ac cao hon vd khde biel ed y nghia thdng ke so vdi nghidm thiic 1 (ddi chiing sii dung 100% thue an Id lua). Khi ga Ac dat 16 hidn hidi, nghiem thiic 3 {70% thuc ^ + 20%
dich tiiuy phan trun qud) cd khdi lugng ca the cao nhdt vd khde biet ed y nghia thdng ke so vdi cdc nghidm thiic khac (nghiem thirc 1, nghidm thiic 2) d miic y nghia 5%.
Don vj tinh: gram NT
1 2 3 4
TDBD (ATT) 174+24.64' 172±25.50' 174+24.96' 170+24.00'
13 TT 601±57.36' 628±56.16' 694±60.40"
680+46,80'
U T T 654+49.84' 707+53.56' 750+56,00"' 723±45.16'
15 TT 655+52.64' 708+54.32' 751+57.32"
724±48.10' 16 T I 705+50.64' 758±50,96' 801+55.36' 774±45.12"' Ghi chu: TDBD la thai diim bit dau, TT la tuin tuoi, NT la nghiem thdc: nghiem tlidc 1:100% diuc an Oiia): nghiem thus: 2:80% thiic in + 10%dich thuy phan dun qui: nghiem thdc3: 70% thdc Sn + 20% dich thuy phan trun qui: nghiem thuc 4:60% thiic an + 30% dich thuy phan trun qui.
• ^ " O N - KY 1+ 2 - THANG 2/2020 155
KHOA HOC COn«> ^ « » i E
Ket qud thi nghiem dugc the hien qua bang 2, 3 vd 4 hen ddi tugng gd Ac nudi thuong pham cd bd sung dieh thiiy phdn him que ddn nay chua tim thay cd thi nghiem tuong tir. Ddng thdi, ket qua nghien ciiu vd tdc dp tang khdi lupng gd Ac nudi thuong pham dugc the hien qua hmh 3 cho thay, nghiem thue 3 Id nghiem thiic tdi un cd the ling dung trong chdn nudi gd Ac thuong pham theo huong lay thit dat chat lugng an loan ve smh thuc pham.
^ # / # / / / / / / / / / /
/ f f f f f f f f f f f /
^h"- ' i ' ' b"' 1 ^ V ' q^ »o'^ ,;.'• .^v"" .;^ .^^ .<p- .<a-
Hinh 3. Tdc dO tang hpng gd Ac nudi thuong pham giai d o ^ 5-16 tuan tuoi
Glli chu: Tlidi didm bdt ddu tin nghiem khi ga hdu bi dat 4 ludn tudi, NT Id nghiem thuc; nghiem tiiuc E 100% thuc an dua); nghiem tiiuc 2: 80% thuc an •/• 10% dich tiiuy phan tnin que; nghiem thuc 3:
70% thuc an + 20% dich tiiuy phan trun que; nghiem tiiuc 4:60% thuc an + 30% dich thuy phdn trim que.
3.5. Hi^u qua kinh t^ nudi gd Ac thuong pham cd bd sung dich thiiy phdn trim qud
Bang 5. Hidu qua kinh td nudi tir md hinh nuoi gd Ac thuong pham cd bd sung dich thiiy phan trim que
(ngdn d6ng/150 cd thd gd)
Don VI tinh: ngan dong Nhan to
Chi phi:
Giong 'HlLrc ill!
l")ich thu\' phan riuioc Ihu V Torn,' chi Tong thu
NTl
3.750 972
0 667 5 389 7 251
Kn
NT)3.750 777.6 185.63 545 5.258 7.860
3.750 680.4 202.50 350 4.983 8.579
NT4
3.750 583.2 219.38 520 5.073 8.092 Loi nhudn
Ndng hd tham gia chdn nudi ga Ac thuong pham CO bd sung dich thiiy phan trim qud nhdm gop phan giam chi phi chdn nudi ddng thdi tdng thu nhdp cho nguoi tham gia chdn nudi (Bang 5).
4 . KET LUAN
Ket qua nghien ciiu da xay dung dugc quy hinh san xuat dich thiiy phdn trim qud img dung hong nudi gd Ac thuong pham. Trong dd cac nhdn td tac dpng phdn hiiy den hdm luong chudi polypeptit cdn lai sau thdi gian 14 ngdy khdo sdt la phuong phdp tidn xii Iy, mat dp vi khuan Lactobacilus spp., ly Id smh khdi tnin que/lirpng nude bo sung dugc xde dmh lan lupl Id smh khdi \rixn que xay nhuydn vd khdng sdy khd kiet, mdt dg 2,7 x 10'' CFU/mL. ly le 1/1.
Bd sung dich thiiy phdn vdo nude udng trong nudi thuong pham gd Ac co hidu qua ro ret sau khi kdt thiic chu ky nuoi 16 tudn ludi. Cong thirc thiic an cd bd sung djeh thiiy phdn hiin qud hidu qua nhat Id 70% thiic dn Oiia) + 20% dich thiiy phdn hiin que.
Nudi gd Ac thuong pham cd sir dung dich thiiy phdn trim que mang lai hieu qua kinh te cao cho nong hg chdn nudi nhu giam dupe 30% thirc an (lua) va lpi nhudn tdng gap 1,93 lan.
TA] LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Edwards C. A., Dominguez J., and Neuhauser E. F., 1998. Growth and reproduction of Perionyx excavatus (Perr.) (Megaseolecidac) as factors in organic waste management. Biol Fertil Soils. 27: 155- 161.
2. Pham Thi Virpng, Bin Huy Hien, 2017. Nudi trim que tir phdn gia siic, gia cam va chat thai nong nghiep. Tai lieu tap huan. Ban Quan ly cdc du an nong nghiep. 30 trang
3. Sabine J R, 1983. Earthworms as a source of food and drugs. In: Satchell J E (editor) Earthworm ecology hom Darwin to vermiculture. Chapman and HaU. London. 285-296.
4. Suthar S., 2009. Growth and fecundity of earthworms: Penonyx excavatus and Perionyx sansibaricus in cattle waste solids. The Envu-onmentaUst. 29: 78 - 84.
5. Trdn Ngpc Himg, Phan Trong Nhdn, 2014.
Khao sat mpl sd dieu kien nhdm ndng cao kha nane tu phdn ciia hiin qud bd sung thiic dn cho ga Tau
I?6 NONG NGHIEP VA PHA' " " ' " ' " •'"^'^"^ THOM - (fv 1+ 2 - THANG 2/2020
vang tha vudn. Tap chi Dai hoc Thu Ddu MpL 5(18): /. Vu Dmh Ton, Han Quang Hanh. Nguyen Dinh 55-61. Unh, Ddng Vu Binh. 2009. Bo sung giun qud
6. Vu Dinh Tdn, Hdn Quang Hanh, 2010. Xac (Rerionyx excavams) cho ga thit {Hd Luung dmh miic su dung hot giun que {Perionyx excavatus) P^^^ii ^ -I-IO tudn tudi. Tap chi Khoa hoc vd Phdt trong khau phan dn ciia gd Broiler (Hd Lucmg tnen. 7(2): 186-193.
Phuong) nudi tha vudn. Tap chi Khoa hpc vd Phdt M^n. 8(6): 949-958.
THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING EARTHWORM HYDROLYZATE AND EFFECT OF EARTHWORM HYDROLYZATE {Perionyx excavatii^ TO GROWTH RATE OF BLACK CHICKEN
{Callus gallus Domeshcus Brisson) TO FEED THE MEAT
Nguyen Van Le^ Bui Xuan Khanh^
' O^ce of Science and Technology Management, Kien Giang University -Institute of Science. Technology and Training, Kien Giang University
Summary
Topic 'The process of producing earthworm hydroiyzate and effect of earthworm hydrolyzate {Perionyx excavatus) lo growth rale of black chicken {Gallus gallus Domesucus Brisson) to feed the meal" was implemented with the goal invesUgate the influence of earthworm hydrolyzate solution and factors thai affect growtli of black chicken, and economic efQciency. The content includes (0 Research the process of producing earthworm hydrolyzate, (ii) Effecl of earlhwomi hydrolyzate {Penonyx excavatus) to growth rale of black chicken {Callus gallus Domesticus Bnsson) to feed the meat, (ni) The economic effect of adding eai-thworm hydrolyzed lo commerciai garden chicken diets, Expenments exaniuie the influence of factors (prelreatmenl of earthworm biomass, microbial density, addiUonal water) lo the remaining polypeptide chain content over Ume (2 days, 7 days, 14 days) arranged in a complete randomized design in laboratory and experiments in reality to survey effect of earthwonn hydrolyzate {Perionyx excavatus) lo growth rate of black chicken (Gallus gallus Domesticus Brisson) lo feed Ihe meat arranged in a randomized complete block design. Expenmenlal resulls show that earthworm hydrolyzate is of the highest quality with finely ground (.'arthwomi biomass and do not dry out, the rabo of earthwonn biomass per the additional amounl of water is 1/1 and bacterial density Lactobacilus spp. is 2.7 x 10*^ CFU/mL, respecUvely. Besides, research results have idenUGed tlie optima! formula affecting the growth rate of black chickens to feed the meal is the fomiula with 70% of feed (rice) and add 20% earUiworm hydrolyzate solution.
Keywords: Black chicken, earthwoim, hydrolyzate, Lactobaciluss'^x>.. polypeptide chain.
Ngudi phan bidn: PGS.TS. Nguydn Vdn Diic Ngay nhdn bdi: 6/12/2019
Ngdy thdng qua phan bidn: 7/01/2020 Ngdy duydt ddng: 14/01/2020
^ - KY 1+ 2 - THANG 2/2020 157
