Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 6 - SO 1/2015 - Gay TTS mpt ben cho phep giam dffdc lieu
thuoc, giam dffdc cac tac dung phy khong mong muon.
TAI UEU T H A M KHAO
1. Hoang Manh Hong (2005), So sanh tac dung gay te tuy sdng bang Marcain kit hpp Fentanyl theo tW the trong mo lay soi than, Luan van tot nghiep chuyen khoa cap I I , TrUclng Dai hoc y HN.
2. Casati A., Fanelli G., Bercaria P., Aldegheri G., Berti M., et al (1998), "Low dose hypebaric Bupivacain for unilateral spinal anesthesia". Can.
J. Anesth., Sep; 45 (9), pp. 850 - 854.
3. Chauvin M. ( 1 9 9 0 ) , "Bupivacaine", AnesthDsie loco-rDgionale, pp. 87 - 1 0 1 .
4. Esmaoglu A., Boyaci A., Ersoy O., Guler G., Talo R. (1998), "Unilateral spinal anesthesia
with hyperbaric Bupivacaine" Acta Anaesthesiol Scand., Oct, 42 (9), pp. 1083 - 1087.
Gourdiole P., Koeberle P., Baurion P., Barale F. (1992), "Spinal anesthesia at T12 or TIO level with hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0,5% : Value of determining the useful dosage according to the weight", Agressoiogie, 33 (4), pp. 175 - 8.
Kaya M., Oguz S., Asian K., Kadiogullari N.
(2004), "A low-dose Bupivacaine : A companson of hyperbanc and hypobanc soiuions for unilateral spinal anesthesia", Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Vol 29, N°l, (Jan-Fer), pp. 17-22.
Meyes ] . , Enk 0., Penner M. (1996),
"Unilateral spinal anesthesia using low-flow injection through a 29- gauge quineke needle", Anesth. Anaig., 82 (6), pp. 1188 - 91.
THirC TRANG KIEN THITC VA THITC HANH PHONG CHONG BENH NGOAl DA CHO TRE EM DU'6'1 6 TUOI
COA CAC B A ME T A I TiNH S a N LA
T6M TAT
Nghien cffu mo ta cat ngang ve kien thffc va thffc hanh phong chong benh ngoai da cho tre em dffdi 6 tuoi cua cac ba me tai tinh Son La nam 2014 cho thay:
CO 58,7% ba me khong biet nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da; 57,5% sd ba me khong biet benh ngoai da nao CO the l^m lay cho ngffdi khac; 77,6% cac ba me cho ring b^nh ngoai da la co the chffa dffpc; 21,5%
cho rSng benh ngoai da cd the tai phat. Ve kien thffc xff tri khi fre bi mac benh ngoai da: 74,6% ba me cho rang nen dua tre mac benh ngoai da tdi kham d tram y te;
9,1% cho rSng cd tiie mua thuoc ve de tff chffa benh.
£)e thffc hSnh phong chong benh ngoai da cho tre:
41,3% ba m? da tam rffa thffdng xuyen cho con minh.
TWkhda: benh ngoai da, tre em. Son La
SUMMARY
KNOWLEDGE A N D PRACTICE OF MOTHER ON DERMATOLOGICAL DISEASE
* Tn/&ng Dai hgc YDdpc Thai Binh Chiu frach nhiem chfnh: Tran Thj Phffdng Email: [email protected] Dt: 0969816605 Ngay nh$n bai: 28/2/2015
Ngay phan bien khoa hoc: 20/4/2015 Ngay duyet bai: 4/5/2015
Tran Thi Phu-ong*, Ngo Thi Nhu*
PREVENTION FOR CHILDREN I N SONLA PROVINCE I N 2 0 1 4
This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted among mothers of children under 6 years of age in Sonia province on knowledge and practice of dermatological disease prevention for children. Results showed that: 58.7% of mothers did not know the cause for dermatological disease; 57.7% of mother did not know kinds of dermatological disease which could transmit to other people; 77.6% of them indicated that dermatological diseases were curable; 21.5% said that dermatological disease could be recurrent, about 74.6%
/fcywomfe,"dermatological disease, children, Sonla I. OAT VAN DE
Benh ly da lieu la mpt trong nhffng nhom benh thffdng gap trong xa hpi hien dai J l ] . Theo cac thong ke gan day, benh da lieu chiem khoang 5-10% trong ty le mac benh chung.
Theo dieu tra khao sat nam 2013 cua vien Da
lieu Trung ffdng tai xa Chieng Lao, huyen I^ffdng
La, tren khoang 800 dan dffdc kham sang Ipc, c6
khoang gan 80 benh nhan cd mac benh da lieu,
Viec tim hieu kien thffc va thffc hanh phong
chong benh ngoai da ciia ngffdi dan d day la rat
can thiet. Chung toi tien hanh de tai nay tai
huyen Mffdng La cua tinh Sdn La, mpt huyen dai
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 6 • SO 1/2015
dien cho vung mien nui vdi muc tieu nghien cffu la: "Mo ta thWc trang kien thWc va thWc hinh phong chong benh ngoil da cho tre em dwdi 6 tudi cua cac bi me tai tinh Sdn La nam 2014"
II. 061 TUONG PHU'OTMG PHAP VA NGHIEN CU'U 2.1. Dia ban, doi tu'dng va thdi gian nghien cufu:
Dia ban: Nghien cffu C\SOc thffc hien tai 4 xa cua huyen Mffdng La, tinh Sdn La.
Doi tffdng nghien cffu: Ba me dang nuoi con nhd tff 0-6 tuoi tai dja ban nghien cffli
Thdi gian nghien cutj: tff thang 12/2013 den thang 9/2014.
2.2. Cd mau nghien cu'u: Sff dung c3 mau cho cuoc dieu tra cat ngang
n = Z^(l-a/2) x - P : f l l P > - 0 = 0,05 (dp tin cay 95%) thi Z = 1,96
p= ty le ba me co kien thffc dung ye each phong benh ngoai da, chpn p=0,05 de co cS mau tdi thieu Idn nhat
d = 0,05 khoang sai lech mong mudn Thay vao cong thffc ta dffdc n= 384, lam trdn len ta lay cd mlu de dieu tra la 500 ba me/1 vung. Vdi 2 vung nghien cffu (vung thapva vung cao) thi c9 mau la 500 x 2 = 1000 ba me.
- Chon mau: Chpn chii dich 4 xa cua huyen Mffdng La, dai dien cho 2 nhdm: nhdm vung thap (xa Chieng Lao, xa Mffdng Trai) va nhom vung cao (xa Nam Pam, xa Hua Trai). Chon ngau nhien cac ba me co con dffdi 6 tuoi tai 4 xa nay dffa theo danh sach cac tre dffdi 6 tuoi tai xa. Tai moi hp gia dinh co tre dffdi 6 tuoi dffdc xac dinh, tien phong van cac ba me cua tre cho den khi (Jti c8 mau can lay.
• Phu'dng p h a p x i f l y so lieu: Sff dung chu'dng trinh SPSS 17.0 de phan ti'ch so lieu, Cac thong so dffdc tinh toan dffa tren so Iffdng va ty le phan tram.
vll QUA NGHIEN CCTU
Bing 1, Kien thffc cua ba me ve nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da d tre em Nguyen nhan
Di truyen Su'e de khang yeu VSMT khong dam bao
Khong biet
Nhom vung thap (n=503) SL
5 142 168 187
1,0 %
28,2 33,4 37,2
Nhom (n SL
9 12 76 405
vung cao
=505) 1,8 %
2,4 15,0 80,2
Chung (n=1008]
SL 13 154 244 592
1,3 %
15,3 24,2 58,7 Ket qua d bang 1 cho thay: da so cac ba me
khong biet ro cac nguyen nhan gay benh vdi ty le chung cua ca hai nhdm la 58,7%; cu the trong nhom vung thap co 37,2% ba me khong biet nguyen nhan con minh bj benh, va d nhdm vung cao, ndi tre d ven cac trien nui cao, co tdi 80,2%
cac ba me khong biet nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da cua con. Co 33,4% so ba me trong nhdm vung thap va 15,0% ba me trong nhom vung cao cho rang nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da cua con minh la do dieu kien ve sinh m6i trffdng khong dam bao
Bang 2, Kien thCTc cua ba me ve benh nqoai da cc Cac b$nh
Viem da Ghe Hac lao San ngiTa
Khac Khong biet
Nhom vung thap (n=503) SL 39 244
97 27 4 195
7,8 %
48,5 19,3 5,4 0,8 38,8
the lay cho Nhom vung cao
(n=505) SL
2 86 18 12 1 385
0,4 %
17,0 3,6 2,4 0,2 76,2
ngu'di khac Chung (n=1008) SL 41 330 115 39 5 580
4,1 %
32,7
11,4
3,9
0,5
57,5
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 6 - SO 1/2015
Bang 2 ve kien thffc cua ba me ve cac benh ngoai da co the lam lay cho ngffdi khac cho thay: co tdi hdn 1 nffa so ba me d ca 2 nhom khong biet dffpc benh nao trong so cac benh ve da co the lam lay cho ngffdi khac (57,5%), cu the d nhom 2 ty le khong biet ia 76,2%, d nhdm vung thap ty le nay la 38,8%. Cd 48,5% cac ba me trong nhdm viJng thap va 17,0% ba me trong nhdm vung cao biet rang benh ghe cd the lay.
Bing 3, Kien thu'c Kha nang chifa Co the chila du'dc
De tai phat Khonq chu'a dUdc
cua ba me ve kha nanq chu'a khoi benh nqoa Nhom vung thap
(n=503) SL 429 74 0
85,3 %
14,7
Nhom vung cao (n=505) SL 353 143 9
69,9 %
28,3 1,8
da Chung (n=1008) SL 782 217 9
77,6 %
21,5 0,9
Kit qua bing 3 cho thay: Cd 85,3% ba me dnhom viing thap va 69,9% cac ba me dnhdm viing cao hieu ling co the chUa dWdc cac benh ngoai da. Cd M,7% ba me dnhom viing thap va 28,3% bi me d nhom vCing cao biet du'dc benh ngoai da cd the bi tai phat Chi mgt so it ba me d ca 2 nhom ndi Chung cho rang ithong the chik i<hdi benh ngoai da (0,9%).
Bang 4. Kien thij'c ciia ba me ve xi^ tri khi tre bi benh ngoai da
Mua thuoc tu chu'a Ben tram y te Khong dieu trj qi
Khac
Nhom vung thap (n=503)
87,7
AA. JA_
Nhom vung cao (n=505)
36 115
8,5
61,6 7,1Ket qua bang 4 ve kien thirc xii tri' khi tre bj
mac benh ngoai da cho thay: da so cac ba me d nhom viing thap cho rang nin du^ con t6i kham d tram y te (87,7 %), ty le nay d cac ba me ciia nhom viing cao cung la tren mot ni^a (61,6%).
Tuy nhien van con tdi 9,7% ba me trong nhom
22,8
Chung (n=1008)
41 123
-Z4i_
4,1 12,2
viing thap va 8,5% so ba me trong nhom viing cao cho rang co the mua thuoc ve de tU chu^
dUdc benh ngoai da cho con minh. Co mpt so it cac ba me khong dieu trj gi cho con khi con bj mac benh ngoai da (5 ba me 6 nhom viing thap (1%) va 36 ba me d nhom viing cao (7,1%).
Bangs, ThUc hanh phonq chonq benh ngoe CIch phong b^nh
Gii? VSMT Diing xa phonq TSm thudnq xuyen
Khonq biet
Nhom vCing thap (n=503) SL 108 56 352 43
21,5 %
11,1 70,0 8,5
i da cho tre cua cac ba me Nhom viing cao
(n=505) SL 56 253 64 154
11,1 %
50,1 12,7 30,5
Chung (n=1008) SL 164 309 416 197
16,3 %
30,7 41,3 19,5 Bang 5 ve thiTc hanh phong chong benh
ngoai da cho tre clio thay cd 70 % cac ba me d nhdm vimg thap va 50,1 % so ba me d nhdm viing cao da tSm rira thu'dng xuyen cho tre de phong tranh benh ngoai da. Cd 11,1% ba me trong nhdm vimg thap la hdn 1 nira so ba me trong nhdm vimg cao (50,1%) da diing xa phdng de phdng benh. Tuy nhien van con gan mot phan ba trong so cac ba me trong nhdm viing cao (30,5%) va 8,5% ba me trong nhdm viing
thap khdng biet nen tam gi de giiip tre phdng tranh benh ngoai da.
IV. BAN LUAN
Trong thUc te, benh da chiem mpt phan
dang ke ty le mac benh d tre em va thanh thieu
nien [4], [6]. Mac dii day la benh rat phd bien d
nhieu nude dang phat trien, nhu'ng nd khdng
dUdc coi la mpt van de sire khde quan trpng
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 6 - SO 1/2015 ngay ca khi benh t r d nang va da dffdc bao trffdc
vdi nhffng thay doi tren da [ 5 ] .
Khi tim hieu kien thffc cua ba me ve nguyen nhan gay co the nen benh ngoai da d tre em dffdi 6 tuoi, da so cac ba me khong biet nguyen nhan (58,7%). Cd 33,4% sd ba me trong nhdm 1 va 15,0% ba me trong nhdm 2 cho rang nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da cua con minh la do dieu kien ve sinh moi trffdng khong dam bao.
Ket qua nay cho thay kien thffc cua cac ba me ve nguyen nhan gay benh chffa day du. Dieu nay cd the do day la nhom cac dan tpc thieu so, dieu kien tiep can thong tin, nhat la cac thong tin ve y te la chffa nhieu.
Ve kien thffc cua ba me ve cac benh ngoai da cd the lam lay cho ngffdi khac cho thay, co tdi hdn 1 nffa sd ba me d ca 2 nhdm khong biet dffdc benh nao trong so cac benh ve da co the lam lay'cho ngffdi khac (57,5%). Co 32,7% cac ba me biet rang benh ghe co the lay va 11,4%
chP rang benh hac lao cd the lay. Cd 85,3% ba me d nhdm vung thap va 69,9% cac ba me d nhdm viing cao cho rang cd the chffa dffdc cac benh ngoai da. Cd 14,5% ba me d nhdm 1 va 28,3% ba me d nhom 2 biet dffdc benh ngoai da CO the bi tai phat. Day la cd sd de phat huy tot van de tuyen truyen kien thu'c ve benh cho ngffdi dan ndi chung va cho cac ba me cd con nho ndi rieng.
Ve kien thffc xff tri khi tre bi mac benh ngoai da cho thay: da so cac ba me cho rang nen dffa con tdi kham d tram y te (74,6%). Tuy nhien van con mot so ba me cho rang cd the mua thuoc ve de tff chffa dffdc benh ngoai da cho tre dffdi 6 tuoi va mpt so it cac ba me cho rang khong dieu trj gi cho con neu con bj mac benh ngoai da.
Trong nghien cffu tren cac ba me co con dffdi 6 tuoi d tinh Dien Bien, chi 64,5% cac ba me cho rang nen dffa tre mac benh da di kham,
Ve thffc hanh phong chong cac benh ngoai da cho tre, khoang mot phan ba so ba me trong nghien cffu nay da thffc hien tam r u ^ cho tre thffdng xuyen, rda bang xa phong. Oieu nay cho thay cac ba me da bffdc dau hieu dffdc vai tro cua van de ve sinh trong viec phong va dieu tri cac benh da. Dieu nay la rat tot, vi d nhu'ng ndi dieu kien sinh hoat con nhieu kho khan nhff tai cac xa nay, nguy cd mac cac benh ly da nhiem khuan, cac benh ly viem da la rat cao. Dac diem cua cac nhdm benh nay lien qua rat Idn den van de ve sinh va phong benh [ 2 ] , [ 3 ] .
V. KET LUAN
- Nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da cho tre;
58,7% ba me khong biet nguyen nhan; 24,2%
sd ba me cho rang nguyen nhan gay benh ngoai da cua tre cd the do dieu kien ve sinh moi trffdng
- 57,5% so ba me d ca 2 nhdm khong biet du'dc benh nao trong so cac benh ve da co the lam lay cho ngffdi khac; 3 2 , 7 % biet rang benh ghe co the lay.
- 77,6% cac ba me cho rang benh ngoai da la co the chu^ dffdc; 2 1 , 5 % cho rang benh ngoai da CO the tai phat
- Kien thffc xff tri khi tre bj mac benh ngoai da:
74,6% ba me cho rang nen dffa tre mac benh ngoai da tdi kham d tram y te; 9 , 1 % cho rang co the mau thuoc ve de tff chda benh - Thffc hanh phdng chong benh ngoai da cho tre:
41,3% cac ba me da tam r u ^ thffdng xuyen cho tre de phong tranh benh ngoai da. Cd 30,7% ba me da dung xa phong de phong chong benh ngoai da cho tre.
- Kien nghi
Tang cffdng hoat dong truyen thong giao due sffc khoe tre e m , cung cap thong tin, kien thiJrc ve cham sdc, phong ngffa cac benh da d tre em, de cac ba me biet each phong, chong va xff tri khi tre bj cac benh da.
TAI L l i U T H A M K H A O
1. Ha Nguyen Phu'dng Anh, Tran H3u Khang (2010), Nghien cffu anh hffdng cua viem da ctf dja den chat Iffong cuoc song ngffdi benh dieu tri tai vien da lieu Qudc gia. Tap chi Da lieu hoc Viet Nam, 7, t r t r 5 - l l .
2. Nguyen Minh Tien (2009), Benh tre em, SO cap cffu, chan doan, cham soc, dieu trj, Nha xuSt ban Van hoa Thong bn. tr 151-196.
3. Dennis K, Richard L (2010), Dermatology for the Allergist, World Allergy Organ J, 2010; 3(6):
202-215
4. Fontana E, BellonI FA, 2014. Allergic contact dermatitis in children. G Ital Dermatol Venereol.
5. Lotte H, Hedy AO, Heleen MS (2014), Health related quality of life and parental perceptions of child vulnerability among parents of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthribs: results from a web-based survey, Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2014; 12: 34
6. Lorena ST, Moretio AP, Correa MC; Stamatas GN (2012),The Infant Skin Barrier: Can We Preserve, Protect, and Enhance the Barrier?
Dermatol Res Pract. 2012
