NGHICN cCru Li LUAN
Phat trien nang life van dung kien thitc vao thUc tien Cho hpc sinh thong qua s^ dung he thong bai tap Hoa hoc
Nguyen HiTu Chung', La Que Ninh^
' TnJflng 0?i tipc GiSo due, Oai titjc Quoc gia Hi Npi 144 XuSn Ttiuy, CSu Gi^y, Ha NQI, Vifit Nam Email: chungnh@vnu edu vn ' TnlCng Trung hpc phd thong Que Vo 1 Thi trSn Pnfi m\. huyen Qui Vo, BSc Nmh. Vifit Nam Email, [email protected]
TOM TAT: Mgt trong nhdng yiu tihii nh$p gido dgc quic ti thanh cdng Ik hoc sinh sau khi hoin thdnh khda hoc cd kha nang v$n dgng nhdng kiin thUc di hgc vio giii quyit nhdng vin de cda thgc tiin cudc sing. Do 66, ngay tU cip Trung hgc phi thdng, vide dgy cho hgc sinh biit v$n d^ing nhUng kiin thUc hda hoc vao tht/c tiin Id rit cin thidt. Trong bai viit r\ky.
tde gii gidi thigu phuang phip phit triin ndng lUc vin dgng klin thOc h6a hgc vdo thuc tien cho hgc sinh d mdt si trudng trung hgc phi thdng thu^
dia phgn tinh Bac Giang thdng qua sd dgng hd thing bai tgp Hda hgc.
Til KHOA' Ndng luc van dung Itien thiilc hoa hoc; bdi tap Hda hoc; day hoc; phUdng phip day hpc; hoc sinli trung hpc phd thdng.
•> Nhan bii 29/6/2019 4 Nhan ket quJ phSn bien vi chinh sifa 10/7/2019 •* Duyet dang 25/8/2019.
1. D$t van de
Tni6c nhiing yeu cau ciia giao due (GD) hpi nhap quoc tk hi$n nay, nhu cau phat tnen nguon nhan luc chat lugng cao CO nang lire (NL) va trinh do co the hgi nhap GD quoc te thanh cong, doi hoi chat lugmg day va hoc d ckc b^c hgc ngiiy cing phai nang cao, dao tao ra nguon nhan l\rc cho dat nu6c phit trien toan di?n, sdng tao va dap img dugtc vcfi phdt trien nhanh chong cita khoa hpc hpc cong nghe. Do do, vi?c trang bi cho hpc sinh (HS) nhQng kien thiic, KN va NL vgn dyng kien thiic (NLVDKT) vao thirc tten la rat can thiet trong d^y hpc 6 tmcmg trung hpc pho thong (THPT) hi?nnay [1].
D^y hpc Hoa hpc c6 the nang cao chat lupng day hpc, phit trien NLVDKT vao thyc tien cho HS bang nhieu bien phdp vd phucmg phdp khdc nhau. Da co nhieu cong trinh nghiSn ciru nhu: Sii dyng mpt so bai tap phan hoa chircmg Hidrocacbon khong no Hoa hpc 11 nham phat trien NL giai quyet van de cho HS 6 Truang THPT Thuc hanh Su pham thupc Trudng Dai hpc An Giang [2]; Sir dung bai tap phan h6a trong day hpc dk giiip gido vien (GV) co the sir dyng bai t§p dap irng nhu c5u day hpc voi cac trinh dp khdc nhau cua HS d^t hi?u qua cao [3]. Tuy nhien, nghien ciiu sii dung h? thfing bdi t$p hoa hpc (BTHH) chuomg Cacbon-sillc Hoa hpc 11 o tnrcmg THPT nhSm phdt triin NLVDKT cho HS chua dirpc nghien ciiu.
2. N$i dung nghien cuTu 2.1. Ndng luc van dung kien thiifc vao thUc tien NLVDKT hoa hpc vao thyc tien chinh la kha nkng ciia bdn than nguoi hpc ty giai quyet nhQng vin de thyc tiln hi?u qua bang each dp dyng kidn thiic, KN. ki xao, kinh nghidm, thdi dp, trach nhi?ni vao nhiing tinh hu6ng, nh&ng ho^t dpng thyc tiln de tim hiiu thk gicri xung quanh va co kha nftng biin d6i no [4]. Ngoai cac hinh thiic kiem tra.
ddnh gid mirc dp nim vfhig kiin ihiic, KN, thdi dp. dinh huong NL. c^n sir dyng cdc cong cy danh gia NLVDKT
vao thyc tiln nhu bdng kiem quan sat, phieu ty ddnh gia cita HS, pliiiu danh gid cua GV. Bp cong cy danh gia NLVDKT hoa hpc vao thuc tiln cho HS dya vao cac thanh t6 cau tnic ciia NL vd cac miic dp dat duoc cua NL nay theo cic miic dp tifiu chi. Chung toi da thiit ki ki ho?ch d^y hpc i^
dyng BTHH vol phucmg phap day hpc tich cyc neu vdndJ, phucmg phap day hpc theo goc, phuang phap dam tho?i tim toi gidi quyet van de va cac kl thuat d^iy hpc khac. Tien bM thuc nghidm su pham va sir dung bang kiem quan sdt, phieu tu danh gid phdt triin NLVDKT hoa hpc vao thyc tien cho HS, ket qud danh gid duac trinh bai a Bang 1 va Bang 2,
2 . 2 . Cac nguyen t^c xay diTng he thong bai tap ph^t triin n i i i luc van dung kien thiilc vao thiTc tien
Nguyen tac 1: He thong bai tap phai gop phan thyc hifn myc tieu mon hoc yeu cau.
Nguyen tac 2: He thong bai tap phai dam bdo tinh chinh xac, khoa hpc.
Nguyen tSc 3: He thong bai tap phai dam bao tinh bf thong, tinh da dgng.
Nguyen tic 4: He thdng bai tap phai dam bao tinh via SIIC vcri HS
Nguyen tde 5: He th6ng t cho HS.
i tap phai cung cd kien thiic Nguyen tic 6: He thdng bai tap phdi phdt huy tinh tidi cue nhan thirc, NL van dung sang tgo ciia HS.
2 . 3 . Cac bleu hien cua nang lire van dung kien thUc lii tWt tien
Nhihig tieu chi bieu hi?n ciia NLVDKT hoa hpc vio thyc tiin bao gom [5]:
- C6 kha nang hp thdng hoa kiin thiic. phan logi Idfa thiic, hieu r5 dac diem, npi dung ciia kiin thiic hoa hpc
- De xuat va phan tich dupe cac giai phap giai quyel v»
de, lya chpn gidi phdp pbii h^p nhdt.
- Biet dy doan ket qua, kiem tra va ket lugn.
TAP CHI KHOA HQC GIAO DyC VIET NAM
Nguyen HOu Chung, La Qu^ Ninh
ng 1 : Ket qud tif ddnh gid NLVDKT Hoa hpc vao thUc tien cua GV vd HS TrUoing THPT Que Vo sd 1
(TN: Thifc nghiem: DC: Doi chung)
n Tieu chi l a n h gia HLVDKT Hoa Hoc vao lliitc ticn cila HS
Phat hien ra cSc nqi dung kien thilc co lien quan den hien tuting trong thilc tien De xuat nhiing cau h6i, van de qiian sat diJdc trong thi/c te vao qu5 trinh hpc tap Ph^t hien ra ciic m^u thuSfi giOa kiln thilc da hpc vdi hien ti/qng quan s^t trong tfit/c te GiSi quyet ckc cdu h6i, tinh huong c6 liSn quan den thuc tien kfii GV dUa ra Thi/i; hanh thi nghidm phat hien ra sU sai l<hdc gifla thyc nghiem vcli li thuyet Tra Id! cau hdi vd bdi tap thi/c tien giao vjgn dUa ra
Nhiem vy tim hi^u ve nhOng kien thufc h6a hgc gan vfli thyc tien Th6i quen li§n h^ kl6n thilc vao thyc tien
Thich gifl hgc H6a hoc cfl kien thilc lien quan d§n thyc tien 0 Tim hidu cdc ilng dyng cua hfla hpc v^o thyc tiSn cugc song
Oiem tmng binh GV danh gia TN 7,8 7,8 8,2 7,9 7,6 7,6 6,9 6,9 7,3 6,7
DC 7,6 7,4 8,1 7,6 7,3 7,3 6,7 6,3 6,6 6,1
HStOO TN 8,0 8,2 8,0 7,9 7,5 7,4 6,6 7,1 7,4 6,9
anh gia OC 7,9 7,8 7,9 7,4 7.0 6,9 6,1 6,2 6,7 6,2
ng 2: K g qui tU (tinh gia NLVDKT Hoa hoc v i o thilc tiin cua GV v i HS Truomg THPT Tian Du so 1
TT Tieu chi Hinh gia NLVDKT Hoa hoc vao thilc tien ciia HS
Diem trung binh GV t a n h gia HS t u danh gia TN OC TN DC Phdt hign ra cic nOi dung kicn thilc cO li€n quan den hien ti/Ong trong thilc tien
D i xuat nhiing cSu hdi, van de quan sdt dUdc trong thUc te vdo qua trinh hoc tap Phat hien ra c i c m i u thuan gica kien thilc d i hoc vdi hign tUdng quan sdt trong thilc te Giii quyet c i c cSu hdi, tinh huong c6 hgn quan d f n thuc ti^n khi GV dua ra Thi/c hanh thi nghigm phdt hien ra su sai kliac gida thuc ngtiiem vdi II thuyet T r i Idi c i u hdi v i b i i t i p thi/c tien GV dua ra
Nhiem vu tim hi^u vg nhdng kien thdc hda hoc g i n vdi thuc tien Thdi quen hgn hg kign thdc v i o thdc ti^n
Thich gid hqc Hda hgc cd kien thdc lign quan dgn thi/c tien D Tim hieu cdc dng dqng cda hda hpc vdo thdc tign cudc sdng
7,6 8,0 7,8 7,8 6,9 6,8 6,6 6,5 6,7 6,6
7,0 7,5 7,2 7,6 6,2 6,5 6,2 6,1 6,0 6,0
7,6 7,6 8,0 7,7 7,0 6,7 6,8 6,6 7,5 6,5
7,1 7,2 7,6 7,2 6,5 6,2 6,3 6,2 6,5 6,0
Phdt hien va hieu r6 duoc cac iing dyng ciia hoa hpc ng cac van de su dyng thuc pham an toan, y hpc, sue De, sdn xuat cong nghi?p, nong nghiep va moi truong
Chu dpng sdng t?o lua chpn phuong phdp giai quyet 1 dk va tham gia thdo luan cdc vin de hoa hpc lien quan 1 fliyc tiin, tham gia nghien cuu khoa hpc dk giai quyit id6.
Tim ra m6i lien h? va gidi thich cac hi^n tupng trong ty en ling dung cua hoa hpc dya vao kiin thiic hoa hpc va n Ihii-c ciia cac mon khoa hpc khdc.
Danh gia va ti; danh gia kit qua san phdm va di xudt inthi?n.
Biit phit hi?n vdn di, tim dupe cdch giai quyit van di trong npi dung bai hpc, trong BTHH c6 npi dung lien in vdi thvrc tiln.
2.4. Quy trinh thiet ke he thong bai tap Hoa hpc phat trien nang life van dung kien thufc vao vao thuc tien cho iipc sinh Bud^c 1: Xac dinh myc dich va noi dung, cac loai BTHH Truoc hit can phan tich xac dinh myc tieu can dat dupe vi npi dung ciia he thong cac bai t^p chuong Cacbon- Silic, trang bi nhiing KN, kien thiic hoa hpc, l^p ke hoach, xay dyng cong cu do NLVDKT hoa hpc vao thyc tien cho HS.
Bw(i-c 2: Thu thap thong tin dk thiit ki bai tip Thu th^p cac dii lieu, cac tinh huong, co the Id cac van de xuSt phdt tir thuc tien d^y hpc hoac la cdc vdn dl gid dinh nham dat muc tieu cua mon hpc. Do do, ngu6n tu li?u de xay dyng BTHH la nhiJng gido an cua GV, gio hpc thyc te a truong pho thong, cac de thi HS gioi cdc nfim, cdc chu de hpc tap...
BinSfC 3: Xay dyng BTHH
Sfi 20 Itidng 6/2019 59
NGH|£NCUTULI LUAN
Tao tinh hu6ng, lya chpn cdc du li?u xuat phat hoac b6i canh,tu kiin thiic da c6, hinh anh, tranh, ngudn thong tin..., neu yeu cdu dat ra va dien dat bdng loi co chiia dung cac vin di cSn gidi quyit, thiit ki BTIffl theo ba phdn:
Phdn mo dku giai thi?u tinh huong va doi tupng nhan thuc, tao lap boi canh xay ra tinh huong.
Phdn phdt triin la phan chinh cung cdp cho HS nhiing thong tin cdn thiit de co the phan tich tinh huong, hinh thanh nen gidi phap, day cung la phan t^o ra mau thuin, xung dpt hodc nhiing vdn de can glai quyet.
Phdn kit luan dua ra nhirng yeu cdu hay cau hoi de HS phdi giai quyet.
Biriyc 4: Thu nghiem, bo sung va dieu chinh Bai tdp d3 xay dung can cho kiem tra thii va chinh sua sao cho bai tap dam bao tinh chinh xac, khoa hpc ve kien thiic KN, CO gia tri ve mdt thuc tien, phu hpp voi doi tupng HS va dap img muc tieu GD mon Hoa hpc a truang THPT hi?n nay.
Bm^c 5: Danh gia NLVDKT hoa hpc vao thuc tien Sir dung bp cong cy ddnh gia NL qua cac bang kiem quan sdt theo cdc tieu chi vdn dung kien thiic hoa hpc vao thyc tien.
2.5. Mpt so dang bai tap
2.5.1. Bai tap h6a hoc gSn vdi tinh huong boi cdnh Vi d^ 1: Vi sao khi nau com bi khe nguoi ta thucmg cho vdo noi ccnn vdi mau than cui?
- Npi dung lya chpn: Tinh chat v^t li cua cacbon.
- Kien thirc m(ii cdn hinh thanh; Than go co cau tao x6p nen chiuig co kha nang hap phy manh.
- KN HS da biet: Phan bi?t dupe sy hap phu va hdp thy.
- Mau thudn nh^n thiic: T^ sao cimg la cacbon nhung kim cuong vd than chi khong co khd ndng hap phu.
- Huong gidi quyit van de: Do than ciii xop c6 tinh hip phy, hdp phy mui khet ciia ccrm khe lam cho com dd miii khe.
Tde dung cua bdi lgp: HS hieu dupe cdch diing than hoat tfnh di khli miu vd biet cdch v|in dyng a nh&ng tinh hu6ng khdc nhau, nhu khir miii trong tu l^nh, ldm khiu trang...
2.5.2. Bai lap Hoa hoc lien he vdi Ung dung va sdn xuat Vi du 2: Mpt trong nhihig chdt diu dk tao thanh silicon la diclodimetyl silan (CH^j.SiCl, Chit nay dupe diiu chi bfing cdch dimg bpt silic tinh Vhikt 99% tac dung vcri me- tylclonia CH^Cl a 300"C vd c6 d6ng Idm xiic tac. Gid duih rfing ngucri ta tiin hanh phan ung voi 2,65 gam silic. De do khi CHjCl, nguoi ta thuong ngp ddy mpt binh 5,6 lit a 24,5''C. Hoi dp suit ciia khi CH^Cl trong binh phdi la bao nhifiu de tac dyng viia dii vdi lupng silic noi trSn va lupng diclodimetyl silan dupe tgo thanh biit rfing lii?u suit cua phan ling Id 70% Id
A. p = 0.81 at; m(CHjXSiCl. = 8,4 gam.
B. p = 0,91 at; m(CH3),SiCI. - 8,4 gam.
C. p = 0,8! at; m(CH,);SiCr, = 9,4 gam.
D. p = 0,91 at; m(CH,),SiCl,"= 9.4 gam.
Hu&ng dan trd l&i:
Si,„+2CH,CI,^,^(CH,),SiC!,^,^
Lupng Si nguyen chdi 2.65.0,99 =2.624 gam.
60 TAP CHl KHOA HOC GlAO DUC VlfT NAM
S6 mol Si nguyen chit' n = —^ = 0.093 (mo!) 28,085
S6 mol CHjCi cin thiit: n^^^ = 0,093.2 = 0,186(mo!) 0,082.
5,6 . ^ ^ n g r ^ 0,186.0,082.297,5
y
"(00)28102 "Si pa - n . ^ = 0,093 mol.
-^ m(CH3)^SiClj = 0,093.(30 + 71 + 28.085). 70
= 8,4 gam.
Ddp dn chpn la B.
Tde dgng cda bdi tap: HS hieu dupe cdch t^o ra chit c6 trong silicon, ren KN tinh toan cho HS.
2.5.3. Bai tap Hda hpc thdc nghiem
Vi du 3: Vdi cdc dyng cy va hoa chat gom 1 chai nhya sach, 2 c6c thiiy tinh, 2 c6c nhijra, dao rpc giiy, keo, vdi, dfiy thun, tbia, hoa chit, than hoat tinh. cat, nuoc ban.
1. Hay tiin hdnh xu li mdu nudc bin (thiit ke binh lgc nuoc don gidn). Mo td hi?n tupng giai thich?
2. Trong cupe song, than hoat tinb ngoai dupe diing trong binh lpc nudc c6n dupe dung trong mOt vat quen thu^
khdc. Em hdy cho biet vat dyng do Id gi?
3. Hay phan bi?t hip phy va hip thy.
Hu&ng ddn trd l&i:
* Cach tien hanh thi nghi?m:
- c i t bo phin day eua chai nhya sach rong bfing dao rpc giay vd k^o, sau dd md nip chai. bpe mi?ng chai bJng mieng vdi roi bupc lai bang day thun.
- Cho chai vua dupe efit len mieng coc thiiy tinb ( c ^ thiiy tinh dupe diing lam gid dd va hung nudc sau kbi ipc).
- Cho cat vao chai, sau dd cho than hoat tinh len ldp cat.
- Tien hanh lpc nudc ban. Sau mpt thdi gian, so sdnh phan nudc sau khi Ipc vdi phan nudc ban dau.
* Luu y kT thudt khi tien hanh:
- Khong cho than hoat tinh trudc khi cho Idp ckt diutita vi than hogt tinh khd min dl dAng theo dong nudc tham a ldp vdi chay xuong phdn nudc lpc.
- Nen cho them mpt ldp cdt len phia tren ldp than fa tinh vi than boat tinh la dang bpt min, nh? n&n khi do n vao cac hat li ti dl bay len tren.
* Hi?n tupng:
Nudc sau khi lpc trong sudt khong mau, khdc vdi ninfe ban dau
* Gidi thich:
- Tren be mfit ciia than boat tinh cd rit nhiiu lo xop, chinh nhihig lo xop nay lam tfing d i ^ tich be m§t rieng phan ciii than ho^t tii±, giiip cho than hogt tinh cd kha nfing hip pbv manh m^t so chdt hda hpc.
- Trong cdc khdu trang y ti. Than hoat tinh ngoii h ^ p**
dupe cdc chit hda hpc cd trong nudc ma cdo cd tb^ h ^ piV cac chat hda hpc cd trong klii.
- Hap phy la qud trinh xdy ra khi mpt chit ktii hay cbii long b) hut tren l>i m^l mpt chit rfin xdp ho$c sy gia l ^ nong d$ cua chit ndy tren be m$t chit khdc. Cdn hip d*
la cac phan tii, nguySn tii hay cdc ion b) hut khuich tdofi di qua mfit phan cdch vdo InHig toan bp v$t ldng h o ^ tio-
auucD im«a
•J
Nguyen Hilu Chung, ii Qu£ Ninh
dc vdi qud trinh hip phy cde phan tii chi bam tren bi mfit an cdch.
Tac dgng eua bdi lap: NghiSn ciiu iing dyng vd kha nang p phy chdt mdu, chit hda hpc cua than hoat tinh. Tit dd t ra du^fc ling dyn^ ciia than boat tinh trong ddi s6ng hang
;ay, bifit cdch che tao cdc dung cy don gidn trong sinh tat. trong nghien ciiu khoa hpc.
2.5.4. Bi\ t i p Hda hqc vdi thdc tien
Vi dv 4: Dinh cdc ngpn nin co chiiu cao khac nhau vao a nhya vd lan lupt thap sdng cdc ngpn nin. IJp ngupc au thiiy tinh len cdc ngpn nin di tao thdnh h# kin, khong 0 kh6ng khi lot vao. Quan sat hien tupng xdy ra. Khi CO^
nguydn nhan chinh gdy ra hi6n tupng khi hdu gi? Khi xdy hda ho?n, ngudi ta khuyen chiing ta nSn khom ngudi va ) sdt mfit dat de thoat ra ngodi, tgi sao lam nhu vay?
Hu&ng ddn gidi:
Hi^n tupng: Cay nin cao nhit tfit trudc rdi din cay cao li 2, cay ndn thap nhat chdy lau nhat.
Giai thich: Khi nen chay sinh ra khi CO^. Khi CO^ hip y nhi?t tdt sg gian nd tang thi tich. giam khdi lupng rieng bay Jen tren; 0^ d dudi vi vay cay thap nhit sg chdy lau lat. COj Id nguyen nhan gay ra hieu irng nha kinh do hip y manh nhi?t lupng birc xa ciia Trdi dit Idm cho Trdi dat
>ng len. Khi gfip hoa hoan dk thoat khdi ddm chay, ta nen ) thip xuong ddt di con du oxi ho hip, trdnh bi ngat.
- Phdt hi?n vdn di: Khi li^ 3 cay nin trong chau thuy tinh
! kin khdng dupe cung cap them oxi 3 cay ndn se tit vi li nin chdy sinh ra khi CO^ khdng duj; tri su chdy. Do do, li hda hoan khom ngudi sat msit dat de thd dl dang hon.
- Ndu vin di cdn gidi quydt: Dp ddi khdc nhau ciia 3 cay In c6 lien quan gi den kit qud thi nghiem? Ba cdy nen se t ddng thdi hay tfit theo mpt thti thii tu ndo do lien quan in d$ cao thdp cua 3 cdy nen?
- Giai quyit van dB: Ckc nhdm HS thdo luiin de xuat hudng giai quyit van dd: Tai sao lupng khi O^ lai d phia dudi?; Vgy thii ty tfit ciia cdc cay nin la gi?; Khi CO^ la khi gdy ra hi?n tupng khi ban gi?
- Ket lugn nit ra kiin thirc cdn linh hdi: Khi ndn chdy sinh ra khi COj. Khi COj hip thy nhiet tdt se gian nd tfing thd tich, gidm khdi lugng rieng se bay len tren; O^ d dudi nen cay thdp nhdt sg chdy lau nhat. CO^ la nguyen nhan gdy ra hieu ung nhd kinh do hdp thy manh nhiet lupng birc xa ciia Trdi dat ldm cho Trdi dat ndng ldn. Khi gap hda hoan de thodt khdi dam chay nen bd thap xudng dat de cdn du oxi hd hap, trdnh bi ngat.
2.5.5. Kgt qud ddnh gia mdc dp phat trien nang ldc van dung ki^n thdc Hda hoc vao thdc tien cho hpc sinh trung hoc pho Ihong De danh gid tinh kha thi, tinh phii hpp va hi^u qua ciia he thong BTHH dfi lua chpn xay dung chuang Cacbon - Silic Hda hpc 11 nhfim phat triin NLVDKT Hda hpc vao thuc tidn cho HS d trudng THPT. Chiing toi da tiin hanh thyc nghidm su phgm tai hai trudng la Trudng THPT Qui Vo sd 1 va Tnrdng THPT Tien Du sd I thudc tinh Bic Ninh nfim hpc 2017-2018. Sli dyng bp cong cu danh gia NLVDKT hda hpc vdo thyc tien, so Ueu cac ket qua dupe xii li bfing phuang phap thdng kd todn hpc. Phdn phdi tin sd, tin suat va tdn sudt liiy tich ket qua tdng hop cac bai kiem tra ciia Trudng THPT Tien Du sd 1 va Trudng THPT Qui V6 1 dupe trinh bdy d Bdng 3 va Bang 4.
Tii ket qua bang phan phdi tin so, tin suat va tin sudt lily tich ket qud tdng hpp bdi kiem tra cua Trudng THPT Tien Du sd 1 vd Trudng THPT Qui Vd sd 1, ta ve dupe dd thi dudng liiy tich bieu dien ket qua bai kiem tra trinh bdy d Hinh 1 va Hinh 2. Trdn Hinh i va 2, cho thdy cdc dudng luy tich ciia ldp thuc nghiem ddu nam d bdn phai vd phia dudi mg 3: Bing phin plioi tan sd, tan suat vi tan suat IQy tich kgt qud tdng hdp cdc bdi kidm tra cua Trudng THPT Tign Du sd 1
(TN: Thuc nghiim; DC: Ddi chirng)
iemX,
)
Ing
So HS Uai l i e m X, TN 11A7 0 0 0 0 1 9 10 10 7 3 1 41
OC 11A9 0 0 0 2 4 12 9 7 4 2 0 40
% HS Jal Siem X,
TN OC 11A7 11A9 0
0 0 0 2.44 21.95 24.39 24.39 17.07 7.32 2.44 100
0 0 0 5.00 10.00 30.00 22.50 17.50 10.00 5.00 0.00 100.00
% H S trat l i e m X , M xuang TN OC 11A7 11A9 0
0 0 0 2.44 24.39 48.78 73.17 90.24 97.56 100 00
0 0 0 5.00 15.00 45.00 67.50 85 00 95 00 100.00 100.00
s<i2otiianga'2ai9 6i
r NGHIEN CtfU Lf LUAN
B^ng 4: Bing phan phoi tSn so, tan suat v i tan suat luy tich ket q u i long hop cac b i i Idim Ira cua Trilomg THPT Qu£ Vo s i 1 (TN: ThiK rtgbiim; DC: Doi citing
Oiem X,
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tdng
S i HS dai liem X, TN 11A1 0 0 0 1 3 6 10 11 8 2 1 42
OC 11A2 0 0 1 3 5 10 9 9 4 1 0 42
% H S l a l l i e m X TN 11A1 0 0 0 2 38 7.14 14.29 23.81 26.19 19.05 476 2.38 100.00
OC 11A2 0 0 2.38 7.14 11.90 23.81 21.43 21.43 9.52 2.38 0.00 100.00
% H S i l a l l I i e TN 11A1 0 0 0 2.38 9.52 23.81 47 62 73.81 92.86 97.62 100.00
n X, Bd xuong OC 11A2 0 0 2.38 9.52 21.43 45.24 66.67 88.10 97 62 100 00 100.00
1 2 3 ^ 4 5 6
Diem Xi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DiemXi
Hinh I: Do thi ducmg lay tich biiu diin kil qua bai kiim tra ^'"^ ^•' ^^ '^/ ducmg luy lich bieu dien kil qua bai kiem tni si ciia Trucmg THPT Tien Dusi I at" Truang THPT Qui Vo s6 I
Bing 5: Bing thing kS cac Iham so l a c Irung ciia hai Idp Ihuc nghiim va l i p ilol chiimg
(TN. Thuc nghiem: DC: Dii chimi
Bii Ki^m tra 2 V BSi Kiim tra 1
P 10c lap Bai Kiim tra 1 Bai Kiim tra 2
62 TAP CHI KHOA HOC G»0 DUC VIET NAM
Bdi Kigm tra 2
Nguyen HQu Chung, La Que Ninh
;MD 9
Bai K i i m tra 1 Lip
11A7(TN1
0.53
11A9(0C) 11A1(TN) 11A2(0C1
0.51
ic dudng luy tich cua cdc ldp ddi chiing. Didu do chiing chdt lu<?ng hQC t§p ciia ldp thuc nghiem cao hem idp ddi liing (xem Bang 5). Phep kidm chiing t-test ddc lap giiip liing tdi danh gid kha nang chenh lech giua gid tri trung nh cua 2 nhdm doi chiing va thuc nghiem cd khd nang xdy ngdu nhien hay khong. Kdt qua thu dugc gia tri P < 0,05 r khac bidt giifa Idp thyc nghidm vd ldp doi chiing la co y jhTa. Vide sii dung he thdng BTHH theo dinh phudng phat idn NLVDKT hda hoc vao thuc tidn cho HS d Uudng THPT
CO kha thi.
Diem trung binh cong cac bai kiem tra ciia ldp thuc ghi?m cao ban cua ldp doi chiing (xem Bdng 5). Qua ket ua thu dugc chiing tdi cd thd khang dinh vide sii dung THH theo djnh hudng phdt tridn NLVDKT hda hoc vao
thuc tiln la cd hieu qua trong day hoc d trudng THPT.
3. K^t luan
Trdn ca sd nghien ciiu cac nguyen tic, quy trinh xay dung he thdng BTHH, cdc bidu hien cua NLVDKT hoa hpc vao thuc tidn ciia HS, chiing toi da xay dung he thdng bai tap chucmg Cacbon-silic ldp 11 theo dmh hudng phat tridn NL, thidt kd mpt so kd hoach day hpc sir dung nhiing phucmg phdp day hoc tich cue va kT thuat day hpc phii hgp nham phat NL cho HS. Thuc hidn thuc nghiem su pham tai mot s6 trudng THPT thudc tinh Bac Ninh cho ket qua thu dugc la kha thi giiia lgp ddi chiing va ldp thuc nghiem thdng qua ddnh gia qua cdc bai kiem tra kien thue vd bp cong cu danh gia phat tridn NLVDKT vao thuc tien cho HS.
^ilifu tham khdo
[1] Bp Gido dye vd Dao tao, (2014), Tdi lieu tap hudn dgy hgc vd hem tra ddnh gid kit qud hoc tap iheo dinh huang phdl trien nang luc hpc sinh, NXB Giao dye, Ha N6i.
[2] Trang Quang Vinh - Nguyin Thi Siiu, (2016), Xay dung vd su dung bdi tgp phdn hod chuang Hidrocacbon khong no Hod hpc II nhdm phdt trien nang luc gidi quyet vdn di cho hpc sinh, T^p chi Khoa hoc, Trudng Dai hpc Su pham Ha Npi, s6 6, tr. 249-256.
[3] D6 Thi Quynh Mai - Dang Thi Oanh, (2016), Mgt s6 biin phdp su dung bdi Idp phdn hod trong dgy hpc hod hgc, T9P chi Khoa hpc, Tnidng Dai hpc Su pham Ha Npi, so l,tr.l2-21.
[4] Le Thi Ha - Nguyen Tuan Anh - Nguyen Thi Ngan - Pham Thi Therm - Trdn Trung Ninh, (2016), Phdt triin ndng luc vdn dung kien thuc cho hpc sinh Truang Du b;
Dgi hpc ddn tgc Trung uang thdng gua dgy hpc lich hgp, T^p chi khoa hoc, Tntdng Dai hoc Su ph^m Hd Npi, s6 61,tr.l51-162.
[5] Bp Gido due va Dao tao, (2014), Tdi li^u tgp hudn kiem tra. ddnh gid trong qud trinh dgy hgc theo dfnh hudng phdl trien ndng lyv hpc sinh trong truong Irung hgc phd thdng.
)EVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE APPLICATION CAPACITY OR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH CHEMISTRY EXERCISES
guyen Huu Ctiung\ La Que Ninh^
'NU University of Education, itnam Nationai University, Hanoi 4 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, iHanoi, Vietnam laii' [email protected] lue Vo 1 Higli school
Moi town. Que Vo district, Bac Ninh. Vietnam lail' [email protected]
ABSTRACT: The paper has introduced a method in the developing knowledge application capacity for high schools students in Bac Giang province through Chemistry exercises. This work has focused on the concepts of knowledge application capacity with the self-assessment of teacher and students in Que Vo high school, Bac Ninh Province. The self-assessment result on Chemistry knowledge application in the provided framework has been implemented on the same school. The knowledge development principle had been reviewed along with the knowledge development process. Some examples on chemistry exercises have been used to illustrate.
KEYWORDS: Knowledge application capacity; chemistry exercises; t e a c h i n g ; leaching m e t h o d ; high school students.
86 20 IhSng 8/2019 b i
