NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D 6 |
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LAM LANH VA DIEU HOA KHONG KHI Sir DUNG NHIET MAT TRCTI
COOLING AND AIR CON USING SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY
TS. Le Van Hien, ThS. Nguyen Hieu Nghia
Khoa Nhiet lanh, Truang Dai hgc C6ng nghiep TP. H6 Chi Minh
TOM TAT
Nhu cdu lam mdt vd dieu hoa kh6ng khi cua cdc toa nha ngay cang tra nen quan trong han tren todn the giai, no lam tang dien nang tieu thu; Cdc kich bdn nay chua tinh den tac dong cua bien d6i khi hgu, cung se ddn den mot nhu cdu lam mdt tang. Hem nita, nhu cdu dien nang cao horn de lam mdt ciia toa nhd gay ra dinh mua he, co the ddn den cdc he qud gia dien cao vd cdc van de ket n6i luoi dien. De ngan dieu nay mot mat phai giit nhu cdu lam mdt cua cdc toa nhd cang thap cang t6t; Mat khdc nhu cdu lam mdtphdi dugc phii thay the bdng cong nghe lam mdt than thien m6i truang.
Ldm mdt nhiet mat trai Id mot trong nhitng khd nang giai quyet nhu cdu lam mdt ciia cdc tda nhd CO Igi the d6ng thai theo mua chieu xg mat trai vd nhu cdu lam mdt. Hon nita, he th6ng nhiet mat trai trong khi hgu cua chung ta co the dugc su dimg khong chi di lam mdt, nhung cimg di dun nong nuac, cdc thiet bi nhu vay dugc su dung quanh nam.
Tir khoa: C6ng nghe lam lanh than thien moi truang, hap thti, hdp phii.
ABSTRACT
Worldwide the cooling and air-conditioning demand of buildings becomes more and more important. It increases power consumption. These scenarios do not take the effects of climate change into account, which will also lead to an increasing cooling demand. Furthermore, the higher electric- ity demand for cooling of buildings causes summer peaks, which may lead to high electricity prices and grid connection problems as black-outs. To work against this development on the one hand the cooling demand of buildings must be kept as low as possible; on the other hand the remaining cooling demand must be covered with alternative, environmentally friendly cooling technologies.
Solar thermal cooling is one possibility to cover the cooling demand of buildings, which has the advantage of seasonal simultaneity of solar irradiation and cooling demand. Furthermore, in our climate solar thermal systems can be used not only for cooling, but also for domestic heating, such devices are used year-round.
Keywords: Environmental refrigeration technology, absorption, adsorption.
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, S l 6 nam 2014
— JC 3 . 7
1. DAT VAN DE dinh cua chiing t6i, thi nang lugng mat trai co the cung cap true tiep nang lugng nhiet cho boat dgng Lam mat va dilu hoa kh6ng khi cho cac ciia may lanh vao khoang tu 8 gia 30 din 17 gia.
toa nha la nhu cau can thiet nham dap ling tien Trong khoang thai gian do, nang lugng mat trai nghi cho con nguoi ciing nhu cac thilt bi boat co thi dap ling hoan toan nhu ciu dilu boa kh6ng dgng trong kh6ng gian do. 6 cac vung khi hau khi. NIU he thing co tich trii nhiet-lanh thi nhu nong am nhu Viet Nam thi nhu ciu nay kh6ng thi ciu dilu boa kh6ng khi o cac thai dilm khac ciing thieu dugc va ngay cang tang khi miic s6ng con se dugc thoa man.
nguoi cang ngay cang dugc cai thien. Nhu vay,
nhu cau cung cap nang lugng dl dilu boa kh6ng 2.2. Gop phin dap irng muc tieu ciia hoi nghi khi cho cac toa nha ciing tang cao. Dieu do se gop Kyoto
phan tang nhanh viec bien d6i khi hau. Hon niia,
nhu cau dieu boa se tang manh trong nhiing thang Cac thiet bi lam lanh va dieu boa kh6ng mua he lam cho viec cap dien se gap kho khan khi khi truyen th6ng phan Ion sii dung m6i chat lanh ngu6n dien chua du de dap ling phu tai dinh, nhat co nguy co tiem tang lam cho m6i truong am len.
7 ^ > r 1 r
la vao bu6i trua mua he, khi nhu cau dieu hoa Cac chat nhu C,H„ CO. co the la m6i chat thay tang cao nhat. De gop phan thao go tinh hinh do, the co tiem nang, nhung hien tai viec sii dung no ngoai viec tiet giam nhu cau dieu hoa den miic t6i chua that rgng rai [2].
thieu thi co the sii c6ng nghe lam lanh khac, than
7 > >
thien vai m6i truang de thoa man dieu boa kh6ng Phuong phap lam lanh va dieu boa kh6ng khi theo nhu cau [1]. khi su dung nang lugng nhiet (mat trai, hay nhiet thai) kh6ng su dung m6i chat lanh gay tac hai Lam lanh bang nang lugng mat trai co the cho m6i truong. Thiet bi "may lanh mat trai" chii gop phin lam giam nhu cau tieu thu dien cho dieu yeu dung nhiet nang thu dugc tu biic xa mat trai hoa kh6ng khi. Mgt Igi thi khac khi su dung c6ng la ngu6n nhiet nang thiet yeu cho boat dgng tao nghe nay kha nang lam lanh tang dong thai voi su lanh ciia thiet bi. Nhu vay, so vai may lanh truyen tang biic xa mat trai. NghTa la nang lugng do mat th6ng thi "may lanh mat trai" gop phan lam giam trai cung cip tang theo nhu ciu dieu boa kh6ng tieu thu ngu6n nang lugng dien dugc sinh ra chii khi. Khi chuyin dii muc dich sii dung, thiet bi co yeu tu ngu6n so cap (hoa thach). Dieu nay noi len thi tra thanh bam nhiet cho nhu ciu siy, suai. su giam lugng CO2 thai ra m6i truong.
2. LCn THE KHI Sty DUNG NANG Ll/ONG NguIn dien su dung cho "may lanh mat MAT TRCn DE LAM LANH VA DIEU HOA trai" chii ylu cho bom va quat dii vai hip thu (long), va chi vai quat d6i vai hap phu (ran). Nhu
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2.1 Nhu cau lam lanh va dieu hoa xuat hien vay, tieu thu dien nang can thiet cho boat dgng dong thoi voi lirong nhiet nang tir mat troi cua "may lanh mat trai" rat thap. Viec b6 tri hgp phat ra ly cac trang bi phu trg nay co y nghia quan trgng
trong viec nang cao hieu qua cua thiet bi.
Su xuit hien ding thoi giiia nang lugng
nhiet do mat trai cung cip va nhu cau dieu boa 2.3. Gop phan giam phu tai dinh trong miia he kh6ng khi cho cac toa nha (van phong, khach san,
nha a...) la khung canh thich hgp dl sii dung nang Nhung nuac nim trong vung nong im, lugng mat troi lam nguIn nhiet cho boat dgng ciia nhu cau lam lanh va dieu boa kh6ng khi tang cao, may lanh. (5 day, nhu ciu lam lanh tang cao vao dac biet vao mua he. Ngu6n dien tieu thu cho nhu nhiing thai dilm, liic do mat trai cimg phat ra biic ciu nay thuang kh6ng dap ling dii cho nhu ciu xa Ian. (3 dilu kien khi hau Viet Nam, theo nhan lam lanh va dilu hoa kh6ng khi vao thai cao dilm'®"
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, Sl 6 nam 2014
NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D O I
nong nuc. D I giam su thilu dien trong truang hgp nay thi viec sii "may lanh mat trai" la mgt each giai quylt co nhieu uu diem.
2.4. Cac bo phan ciu thanh cua thiet bi da duoc hoan thien, da lira hanh
Tit ca cac bg phan ciia thilt bj lam lanh va dilu boa kh6ng khi bang nang luang mat trai (bg thu nang lugng mat trai, thap lam mat...) deu da CO mat tren thi truang, tuy nhien sii dung no cho viec iam lanh va dilu boa kh6ng khi bing nang lugng mat troi cin phai tilp tuc hoan thien, nang cao hieu qua boat dgng ciia n6. Dac biet bg thu nang lugng mat troi cho "may lanh mat troi" la mgt huong nghien ciiu co tiem nang. No cung cap nhiet nang cin thilt cho boat dgng cua "may lanh mat troi" (kl ca cho suai am trong mua d6ng, khi no thay dii chiic nang thanh bom nhiet). Hien tai
"may lanh mat trai" con dat hon may lanh th6ng thuang CO cung c6ng suat lanh. Vai nam truac day da xuit hien tren thi truang thilt bi lam lanh dang nay voi c6ng suat lanh nho (duoi 20kW lanh). Nguai ta ciing da hoan thien bg thu nang lugng mat trai boat dgng a nhiet do tu 20 den 180°C cho "may lanh mat troi" vai c6ng suat lanh calMW[2].
3. GlCn THIEU CONG NGHE
« •
Phuong phap lam lanh va dieu boa kh6ng khi bang nang lugng mat trai so voi lam lanh th6ng thuang su dung may nen chay bang dgng CO dien (ngoai trir dgng ca dien do pin mat trai cung cap) CO mgt vai khac biet. Mgt ben la sii dung may nen de lam dgng luc cho m6i chit lanh luu dgng tuan hoan. Trong qua trinh luu dgng, m6i chat lanh thay d6i trang thai ciia no rli boa hoi a ap suat nhat djnh, tai d6 nhiet do boa hoi tuong ling vai ap suit do. Con "may lanh mat trai" lam viec tren nguyen ly cua ma^ lanh hip thu (doi voi chit hip thu long) hoac hap phu (d6i vai chit hip phu ran). Nghi^la vai mgt cap vat chit, mgt chat a dang hoi (m6i chit lanh) dugc mgt chit long hay chit rin khac (chit hip thu/
hip phu) "hiit" vao no - dugc ggi la qua trinh hip thu/hip phu. Khi chit hip thu/hip phu da "no", no kh6ng thi chiia them m6i chit lanh a dang hai
niia thi qua trinh hip thu/hip phu bi dung lai. De tilp tvLC thi phai giai phong m6i chit lanh khoi chit hip thu/hip phu. Bing each cip nhiet tu b6 thu nang lugng nhiet ciia mat trai cho chit hip thu/hip phu thi m6i chit lanh bay hai, thoat ra khoi chit hip thu/hip phu day dugc ggi la qui trinh giai hip thu/hip phu. M6i chit lanh duoc ngung tu rli qua ca chi giam ap de boa hoi vol nhiet do boa hoi tuong ling vai ap suit da xac dinh qua co chi giam ap tren. Nhu vay, cap moi chit lanh va chit hip thu/hip phu thuc hien mot chu trinh lam lanh.
Khi cac vong tuin hoan dugc sap xep phu
7 ^ '
hgp de trong do qua trinh hap thu/hap phu va giai hip thu/hip phu dugc tiln hanh dong thoi thi
"may lanh mat trai" se boat dgng lien tuc.
Co thi bl tri cho m6i chat lanh tuin hoan theo chu trinh ha hay kin. May lanh hap thii/h§p phu sii dung ngu6n nhiet co nhiet do cao de tao ra nguIn lanh co nhiet do theo yeu cau lam lanh.
May lanh may nen th6ng thuong, c6ng co hgc cua may nen de tao lanh, con may lanh hap thu/hap phu sii dung nhiet nang lam dgng luc cho boat dgng ciia minh, dugc am chi nhu la "may nen nhiet" Ngu6n nhiet cap cho may lanh hap thy/
hap phu ciing nhu ngu6n lanh do may tao ra deu nhan duac tir m6i truang ben ngoai. Hinh 1 dien ta can bang nang lugng cua may lanh hap thu/hap phu. Theo dinh luat nhiet dgng hgc thii nhat, nhiet lugng tir m6i truong dua vao bao g6m t6ng dong nhiet c6 nhiet do cao lam dgng luc cho may lanh boat dgng va dong nhiet cua ngu6n lanh do may lanh tao ra se can bang vai nhiet lugng ma may lanh thai ra m6i truong [3].
nht^t ning duy tri hoft d^ng nhi#t 6^ cao u
o
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nhi^ thii ra nhiitdOt. blnhbb
lu^mg lanh Arprc sO dgng nhi^ dp thfip t
Hinh 1: Can bdng nang lugng ciia qud trinh ldm Ignh bdng nhiet nang
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, Sl 6 nam 2014
Qua bilu dien a hinh 1 chiing ta nhan
f -y -y %
' thay rang, can bang nang lugng cua may lanh hap thu/hap phu voi 3 nhiet do khac nhau. He sl dac trung cho hieu qua su dung nang lugng nhiet EERthermal (thermal Energy Efficiency Ratio) sela:
Tj^j = nang lugng dugc sii dung/nang lugng tieu hao = Qlanh/Qvan hanh.
Khac voi chu trinh kin, a chu trinh ho thi m6i chat lanh (H^O) tiep xuc true tiep voi kh6ng khi bao quanh va bi giai han pham vi ling dung.
No chi ap dung cho lam lanh va dieu boa kh6ng khi trong kh6ng gian bi gioi han.
Hien tai cac may lanh sii dung cac cap m6i chat sau day (m6i chat lanh -chat hap thu/hap phu) dang dugc chii trgng nghien ciiu, hoan thien de CO the luu hanh tren thi truang [4]:
May lanh hap thu: Ammonia/Nuac (NH3/H2O) va Nuac/LithiBrom (Hp/LiBr);
r
May lanh hap phu: Nuac/Zeolite va Nuac/Silica gel.
4. CONG NGHE HIEN TAI
• • •
4.1. May lanh hip thu
May lanh hip thu boat dgng theo chu trinh kin tuong ling voi nguyen ly ciia may lanh may nen th6ng thuong va lam giam nhiet do cua m6i truong cin lam lanh (nuac, mu6i hoac kh6ng khi...) din nhiet do khac nhau theo yeu cau. Nhiet do giam xuIng do m6i chat lanh boa hoi a ap suat thip, tuong ling voi nhiet do can co. Khi do nhiet ciia m6i truong cin lam lanh dugc giam xuIng, lugng lanh dugc tao thanh. Sau do hoi cua m6i chit lanh nay lai dugc mgt chit 16ng thich hgp khac (ggi la chit hip thu) hip thu vao va tao thanh dung dich loang. Qua trinh hip thu kem theo giai phong nhiet ggi la nhiet hip thu QAbs, lugng nhiet nay se dugc bg phan lam mat tai ra ngoai (xem hinh 2).
QH
ngi/ngty
bom dung dich ^
bdlddinhi^
Kinh 2: Sa do nguyen ly hogt dong cua mdy Ignh hdp thu [1]
7 r
De may lanh hap thu boat dgng lien tuc, dung dich loang (chat hap thu va m6i chat lanh)
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dugc cap nhiet, lam tang nhiet do va ap suat cao va nhu vay m6i chat lanh dugc bay ra khoi dung dich. Tiep theo thi hoi cua m6i chat lanh dugc ngung tu a nhiet do m6i truang (hoac nhiet do thap lam mat). Nhu vay, thay cho may nen trong may lanh th6ng thuong, thi may lanh hap thu kh6ng su dung dien chay may nen de dua m6i chat lanh den ap suat ngung tu. Sau ngung tu thi
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m6i chat lanh a the long qua tiet luu r6i hoa hai a
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ap suat thap, tuong ling vai nhiet do can lam lanh (xem hinh 3).
Apsint
lUinbet Nlaefdp
Hinh 3: Bieu dd quan he giita dp sudt vd nhiet do
cua mdy Ignh hdp thu [5] ^
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, S6 6 nam 2014 ^
NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D O I
May lanh hip thu boat dgng voi cac cap m6i chit khac nhau. Cap m6i chit in dinh khoang nhiet do lam lanh ciia may, hoac la duong (>0°C, nhu Hp/LiBr), hoac la am (<0°C nhu NH3/H2O).
May lanh hip thu co thi dugc ket cau de boat dgng CO nhilu cip vai nhiet lugng cung cip co nhiet do cao ban. Nhung so vai 1 cip thi hieu qua su dung nang lugng nhiet T\^ thap ban.
4.2. May lanh hip phu
May lanh hip phu boat dgng vai qua trinh hoa hoi va hip phu m6i chat lanh, chu yeu la nuac. Tuong tu nhu may lanh hap thu, a may lanh hip phu, qua trinh boa hai a nhiet do thap la giam nhiet do m6i truang can lam lanh. Hoi ciia m6i chit lanh dugc chat ran, x6p hap phu vao.
Qua trinh hap phu ciing giai phong nhiet nang. De giai phong m6i chat lanh ra khoi chat hap phu ran, x6p nay thi phai cap nhiet nang cho no - dugc ggi la qua trinh giai hap phu. Nhu vay, 2 qua trinh hap phu va giai hap phu dugc tien hanh rieng re.
De may lanh hap phu boat dgng lien tuc, 2 qua trinh hap phu va giai hap phu trong chu trinh lam lanh dugc thuc hien a 2 bu6ng rieng biet va cung thai diem. NghTa la khi m6i chat lanh dugc chat ran, x6p hap phu cho den bao hoa thi ding thai trong bu6ng giai hap phu ciing dugc cip nhiet de giai phong m6i chat lanh ra khoi chit hip phu. Sau chu ky nay, qua trinh se quay ngugc lai.
Chu trinh may lanh hap phu se boat dgng theo 2 chu ky ngat quang se dugc n6i tiep nhau tra thanh
1 chu tr,inh lien tuc (xem hinh 4).
Qw
Hinh 4b: B6 tri cdc bo phdn MLHP Hinh 4, mo ta qua trinh boat dong ciia may lanh hip phu [6]. C6 thi chia ra 4 buac:
Buac thii nhat: M6i chat trong chat phu (da no) dugc bay ra a dang hoi do nhiet cap vao.
Buac thii 2: Hai m6i chat dugc ngung tu, nhiet ngung tu dugc thai ra ngoai m6i truong (thuong bang nuac hoac kh6ng khi lam mat).
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Buac thii 3: Long ngung tu cua m6i chat dugc phun vao bu6ng lanh, boa hoi a ap suat thap tao lanh trong bu6ng lanh.
Buac thii 4: Hoi cua m6i chit dugc hip phu vao cac 16 bing cua chit hip phu. Nhiet hip phu dugc thai ra ngoai. Hinh 5 la bil dl bilu dien chu trinh boat dgng ciia may lanh hip phu theo ap suat va nhiet d6.
nvdrc lAnri mit
b^ ngung tv
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^ - . , . . „ P" y^:
b^htehoi b^hlpphv
y2:±2i^^
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giii h ^ phu
^ Q w m/ActtmmM
Hinh 4a: Sa do hogt ddng MLHP Hinh 5: Quan he giiia dp suit vd nhiet do ciia qud trinh hdp phu 17]
I B TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, Sl 6 nam 2014
Tren bieu d6 a hmh 5 thi:
• Diem 4: M6i chit lanh (nuac) a thi long di vao bu6ng hoa hai a ap suat thip.
• 4 - 1: M6i chat lanh hoa hoi, lam lanh o buing lanh.
• 6 - 1 : Qua trinh hap phu hai ciia m6i chit lanh, nhiet hap phu Q^^^ dugc tai ra ngoai.
• 1 - 2: Tai diem 1, chat hap phu da bao hoa (no) va bat dau giai hap phu dugc thuc hien bai nhiet
> 7 7
thu h6i Q, , den diem 2 tren hinh ve.
^heat recovery ,
• 2 - 5: Nhiet lugng cap cho boat dgng ciia may
7 r
lanh Q.^ a nhiet do cao de giai hap phu, tai sinh chat hap phu.
• 5 - 6: Nhiet dugc lay ra trong qua trinh thu h6i nhiet lam mat chat hap phu, la buac dau chuan bi cho qua trinh hap phu cua may lanh.
• 2 - 3: Qua trinh ngung tu, m6i chat lanh chuyen sang pha long.
• 3 - 4: M6i chat lanh a the long de tiet luu vao bu6ng lanh.
Co the m6 ta su khac nhau giiia may lanh hap thu va may lanh hap phu qua so d6 sau (hinh 6): Theo do, su khac biet co ban giiia 2 loai nay la mgt ben sii dung chat hap thu long vai mgt ben la chat hap phu ran.
khi con dugc thuc hien voi chu trinh ha th6ng qua qua trinh lam mat do chat long bay hoi. Thiet bi lam viec theo chu trinh ho nay dap ling yeu cau ky thuat dieu tiet kh6ng khi. (S day, kh6ng khi di vao kh6ng gian dieu boa thi da dugc dieu
7 A > 7
chinh de thoa man yeu cau ve nhiet do va do am.
Thuc te c6ng nghe nay sii dung 3 nguyen ly dieu tiet kh6ng khi: giam do am kh6ng khi th6ng qua qua trinh hap thu/hap phu, phun am true tiep de lam mat va thu h6i nhiet. Lam mat do bay hoi kh6ng can sii dung m6i chat lanh. Nhiet lugng can thiet de tai sinh chat hap phu co nhiet do can thiet vao khoang 55 den 90°C de say kh6 chat hap phu. Hinh 5 dien ta cac bg phan va su b6 tri cac bg phan thiet yeu ciia he th6ng dieu boa nay.
hoi nifoc •
" nhiet toa ra
c h i t r i n chat long
; ; • • :
•^ ^ \ . g\it\ h i p p h u ^ i p thy
• ^el nhiet cap vao
c h i t ran c h i t long
- i f — . .
kJduthai A T
k-khi ben naoai k. khi-^ao
hut am hoi nhiet
Hinh 6: M6 td 2 logi mdy Ignh su dung nhiet ndng de van hdnh [2]
Dilu hoa khong khi qua he thing hut - phun imDEC
Ben canh chu trinh kin, dilu hoa kh6ng
Hinh 7: Sa do bo tri thiet bi 13]
Dau tien kh6ng khi ben ngoai dugc hiit vao qua bg Igc (1) r6i di qua tang tr6ng quay chiia chat hiit am (1-2). 0 day, kh6ng khi dugc lam kh6
7 A
do bi hiit am va d6ng thai giai phong nhiet nang do hap phu, lam cho nhiet do kh6ng khi tang len.
Sau do kh6ng khi kh6 nong nay di qua tang tr6ng h6i nhiet (2-3), no se bi ngugi di va d6ng thai ben kenh dan khi ra ngoai, kh6ng khi dugc ham nong.
De kh6ng khi dua vao phong a trang thai theo yeu cau, no dugc dan qua bu6ng phun am (3-4).
Kh6ng khi dugc tiep tuc dugc lam mat d6ng thai tang do am. Lugng phun am dugc dieu khien phu hgp vai nhu ciu vl nhiet do va do im cin thilt cua phong dieu boa. Tiep &6 kh6ng khi nay dugc quat (5) dua vao phong.
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, Sl 6 nam 2014
NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO DOI
Khong khi ra khoi phong (6) di qua buong phun am (7-8) dugc lam mat vai do am den gan diem dgng suong. Khong khi mat-am nay di qua tang trong hoi nhiet (8-9) se dugc ham nong len roi tiep tuc qua buong cap nhiet (9-10), no dugc nong len roi qua tang trong dung chat hap phu (10-11) de say kho chat hap phu, sau do dugc quat dua ra ngoai.
Tang trong hut am/tach am dugc chia thanh nhieu khoang dung chat hut am (hip phu) quay voi van toe phii hgp. Khi niia ben nay thuc hien hiit am thi nua doi dien se lam nhiem vu tach am ra khoi chat hiit am. Tang trong hIi nhiet ciing quay de mgt nira thu hoi nhiet hap phu thi nira ben kia nha nhiet de tach am.
Su dieu tiet khong khi qua he thing hiit - phun am DEC nay se boat dong trong nhirng dieu kien nhat dinh va do gioi han nhiet dgng nen nhiet do khong khi dugc dilu tilt khong duoi
16''C. Neu khong ket hgp vai phuong phap lam lanh khac (vi du may lanh may nen) thi phuang phap nay bi ban che trong sir dung, chi dilu tilt khong khi a nhimg noi co phu tai be (phu tai rieng vao khoang 15 din 30W/m2).
Hinh 8 bieu dien cac trang thai khong khi khi di qua cac bg phan cua thilt bi tren d l thi 1 - d. So do nay khong bieu thi trang thai khong khi di qua thiet bi ham nong khong khi (4 - 5) cho tru'ong hgp suai im [8].
(*»Mo<)
'/TP
am luvet <3di g kg
Hinh 8: Cdc trgng thai khong khi tren dd thi 1 ~ d
5. TRIEN VONG THI TRUONG ^ Mgt thi truang day tiem nang cho viec
lam mat sir dung nhiet nang trai rgng tren toan cau. Nhirng lanh tho co cuong do birc xa Ion, nang lugng mat troi doi dao thi dong thoi nhu cau lam dieu tiet khong klii ciing tang. Cac nuac CO nhu cau ion nhu Tmng Qu6c, USA, Nhat va Dong Nam A (xem hinh 9).
.»*•-•
chau Au 6.4 Trung Quoc 20 ,. Trung Dong
2,5 An Do Nhat Ban 8 5 Trung va Nam
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Hinh 9: Nhu edit ldm mdt nam 2006 cua vai lanh thd voi hang trieu dan vi lanh [6]
6. KET LUAN
Dieu hoa khong khi su dung nang lugng mat trai la mgt huong nghien ciiu c6 nhilu triln vgng. Day ciing la doi hoi cip thilt dk han che tac dgng c6 hai cua moi truong din nhan loai trong nliiing nam vira qua do biln dii khi hau tren toan ciu. Cugc chiln chIng biln dii klii hau cang ngay cang kho khan do tac dgng gay hai den moi truang cua con nguai kho kilm chi tren dien rgng. Sir dung nang lugng tai tao (trong do CO nang lugng mat trai) la mgt phuang phap hQ-u hieu khong nhirng dl kilm chi biln dii khi hau ma con gop phin bao dam an ninh nang lugng, Nhieu quIc gia cung da co chinh sach ho trg da nghien cun, nang cao hieu qua ciia thilt bj sir dung nguon nang lugng nay nhim ha gia thanh d co the luu hanh tren thi truang. Viet Nam cung tham gia chuong trinh giam thilu hieu ling nha kinh nen cung can quan tam, tao dilu kien nghien cim ling diing huong nghien ciru nay. Chiing toi hy vong rang, Viet Nam se diy manh nghien ciru d^
CO nhung san pham phii hgp vai thj truang trong tuanglaigin.*:*
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, Sl 6 nam 2014
Ngay nhan bai: 20/5/2014 Ngay phan bien: 15/6/2014 Tai lieu tham khao:
[1]. Ursula Eicker (2003), Solar Technologies for Buildings, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Afrium, Southem Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PC 19 8SQ, England.
[2]. ESTTP - European Solar Thermal Technology Platform (2008), Solar Heating and Cooling for a Sustain- able Energy Future in Europe, Vision, Potential, Deployment Roadmap, Strategic Research Agenda, Bmssels, Page 88-90.
[3]. Henning H.-M., et al. (August 2011), "Solar Cooling Position Paper" lEA SHC TASK38.
[4]. Meflfert H., Burmann Ch., Kirchgeorg M., Marketing. 10. Auflage. Gabler, Wiesbaden (2008), S. 236.
[5]. Edo Wiemken,.Aima Raquel PeUy, Solarthermie 2000plus: Wissenschaftliche Programmbegleitung und Begleitforschung "Solarthermische Gebaudeklimatisierung", Fraunhofer-Institut fiir Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg Germany.
[6]. JARN, Japan Air Conditioning Heating & Refrigeration News, (8/2006).
[7]. Siegfried Kreussler and Detlef Bolz, experiments on solar adsorption refrigeration using zeolite and water.
Laboratory for Solar Energy, University of Applied Sciences Luebeck, Germany.
[8]. B. Zettl, W. V. Helden, D. Jahnig, A. Heinz, M. Monsberger, G. Steimnaurer, Austrian, Masterplan Thermal Energy Storage, Proceedings of the Intemational Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings, Graz, 28. Sep.-l. Oct. 2010, Ausfria.
[9]. McAfee, R. Preston (2002), Competitive Solutions, Princeton University Press.
[10]. Andreas Kariich, PanSol, Klimaschut, Umweh, 20. (April 2010).
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, S l 6 nam 2014
