Tgp chi phdn tich Hoa, Ly vd Sinh hgc - i gp IV, Ad 1/2014
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NGHIEN c i r u THIET KE PHAN MEM BO MACH DIEN TU" DO NHANH COD BANG PHU^ONG PHAP P H 6 HAP THV UV
Din toa sogn 28- 11 - 2013
Nguyen Thj Phu-ong Thao, Nguyin Quang Trung Viin Cdng nghe Mdi tru&ng- Vien HLKHVN Au Duy Tuan, Hoang Minh Hai, Vfl QuIc Tuan, LS Thanh Khiet,
Vien Vdt ly Ong dung vd Thiit bi khoa hpc - Viin HLKHVN Chu Thj Thiiy,Vu Ngan Huyln, Nguyin Thi Nggc Lan, Trjnh Thi Hue
Vien Khoa hoc Moi tru&ng vd Sue khde Cgng ddng
SUMMARY
System of electric main is designed to response the matematic expression ofthe optical absorbant according to the Lambeer - Beer law by the transfer light through the solution (Tx) of sources light 254nm UV(Io). The optical absorbant depends on the property solution transfered. The paper presents the results of the study on system af electric main, which was designed for quickly measurement COD using spectrometric methods by ultraviolet wavelength UV- 254nm. The specific optical absorbant can be between W' to lO'^.The concentration conversion koeficient K can be lO.OOOmg/L. The COD concentration of waster water can be 20.000mg/L. Time respond of measuring result are 2-3 minutes. The average value of 10-20 measured numbers have been calculated. Thes specified invalid of COD determination about 10%. The repeats of measuring is 95%. The erroneous of four UV-COD devices is less than 6% for measuring parallel.
Systems device is designed for COD measurement continuous and transmits the measuring signals online in maximum distance 1.3km, appropriate for environmental monitoring continuous and online in the industrial zones in Viet nam.
Keyword: Amplifier, COD, CoefictentK, Respond real-time, PADC-DAC, UV.
I. GIOI THIgU gii chat lugng moi tnrdng nudc. Da cd Nhu cto oxy hda hda hgc (Chemical rit nhilu phuang phap xac dinh ham Oxygen Demand- COD) la mgt ttong lugng COD, vi du theo tieu chuln Vi?t nhung thdng sd quan ttgng nhit dl dtoh Nam[4], cac phuang phap mdi dugc cdng
bd [5.6.7,8,9,10], Dac biet phuang phap do quang dua tten nguyen tac ciia dinh luat Lamber- Beer dugc ap dung cho giai phd UV= 254nm nhtoi xac dinh nhanh htoi lugng COD frong mto nudc da cd nhieu cdng bd va hoto thien thtoh thilt bi do nhanh, phuc vu quan ttic mdi trudng. Dinh luat Lambert-Beer dugc bieu thi su phu thudc cua do hip thu quang A ciia mlu nudc, len he sd hip thu quang rieng e, chilu dai L la do dly ldp dung dich ma toh stog ngudn (Io) xuyen qua va bi hip thu ( y bing cdng thire toto hoc:
L
A = e .1. C = - log - (1)
fruyen qua la: T = 1-100%, Do hap thu quang A cd gia tti tir 2- 0 (khdng cd dan vi). Trong dd neu he sd e va chieu dai 1 la cd dinh thi do hap thu quang A phu thugc chu yeu vao Ix tiic la ndng do COD ciia mto cto xac dinh.
Neu do hap thu quang A thu thudc vao ndng do chat C cto xac dinh cd ttong mlu theo phuong trinh dudng thing, htoi sd thuan thi ta ciing cd the bieu thi su phu thugc ndng do chat C len do hip thu quang A theo phuang trinh y = ax, trong do y la ndng do COD (mg/L) va la do hap thu quang A tuang duang, nhu v|y a la he sd gdc cua phuong ttmh dudng thtog tten, btog tg a, ki hieu la K, cd the bieu dien nhu sau:
Neu 1,;= Tir 1 den 100, Io = 100, tlii do COD,„ - K(„g;L).A (2)
•wmi
la. BQphon truyen quang 1 b. Bo phgn cdm img. khuich dgi vci tl'uyen dir lieu Hinh la, lb: Sa ctd khoi chi tgo thiet hi do nhanh UV-COD
Dua tren hai phuang trinh (1) va (2), phan mem che tao bo mach se thiet ke de sd lieu dto vao dugc cai dat tten may chi la he so K. Do hap thu quang A se dugc hiln thi tten may do (hinh 1).
Nguon den phat ra chiim toh stog UV d budc sdng tii ngoai se bi hap thu bdi cae
chat hiru co cd ttong mto do. Mdt ctoi bien quang hgc se thu nhan cudng do stog khi di qua mto do I^. Phto mim dua tten tin hieu A hien thi tten mto hinh nhd LCD ciia thiet bi. Tin hieu nay dugc nhto vdi he sd chuyen ddi ndng do K cai dat sin, cho ngay kit qua do COD cua mau,
nd dugc hien thi true tiep fren mto hmh nhd LCD.
He sd chuyen ddi ndng do K(mgn.) dugc xac djnh btog thuc nghiem, la ti le giira htoi lugng COD cua mau dugc xac djnh bing phuang phap TCVN 4691:1999 va do hap thu quang cua chinh mlu dd d budc sdng do (cu the budc sdng do 254 nm).
2. THI/C NGHIEM.
2.1.Hoa chat va dung cu
Hda chat. Cac hda chat cto thiet theo TCVN 4691:1999 dl xac dinh COD bing phuong phap kali dicromat. Chat chuto kali hydrophtalat, ndng do 500mg/L, Nudc thai chiia hd tinh bgt vdi ndng do 1%, nudc thai nhugm cd do hap thu quang A tir 1-1,5.
Phu kiin bd phan truyin quang: Den Hg (UV=254nm), Cuvet thach anh, chilii day 1cm, cd dudng dto mto vto va ra, bom chit long mini MFG-NO.LB04458 CM-15.12V, gucmg phto quang hinh ttdn, d=lcm.
Phu kiin diin tir: Tu dien 4700, I, 330pF; Bd ADC 12 bit, bd \i dilu khiln hg PIC I8F2423, LCD (16x2: dai 85±0.5nun, rdng: 30±0.5mm), Bg thu phat DR F7020D20 (20dBm, ISM RF, Transceiver Module)
Dung cu. Thilt bj phto hiiy mlu COD - Hach vdi nhiet do 200- 300°C, may do quang UV-VIS 2450. Shimadzu, Nhat Bto.
2.2.Thirc nghiem
2.2.1. Lip dat he ttuyen quang ciia thifi bi gdm: Den Hg; cuvet thach anh, chijn dai L =lcm cd dudng dto mto dto vao.
diu ra bang bom mini I2V. He thing guong quang hgc dua tin hieu vao iw phto ctoi bien quang hgc (hinh la) 2.2.2. Thiet ke, ghep ndi bto maeh dien tit ciia bg phto ctoi bien quang hpc, khuich dai, chuyen ddi tin hieu quang sang tin hieu dien va sd hda cac lin hi^u thu dugc (hinh lb).
2.2.3. Ap dung thu nghiem: Tren mlu chuto, mto nudc thai chira hdn hgp tinh bdt va cac chat hiru ca khac, nudc thai nhudm, nudc thai giay. Tinh sai sd va dp lap lai, do dn dinh cua 4 thiet bi ding thdi.
3. KET QUA VA T H A O LUAN 3.1. Thiet ke phan mem.
Phin mem "Delphi" va Altium Designer Summer 09 [1] dugc su dung dl thilt ke, che tao bo mach dien tii cho he thilt bi do nhanh UV-COD. Hmh 2 la so dd nguySn tic bto mach do va khuich dai tm hi^u quang, trong dd tin hieu quang la nguon toh stog (Io) xuyen qua cuvet thach anh chira dung djch mlu. Dung dich nay dugc bam vao budng do chuyen, dieu khien bam la mdt chip vi dilu khiln PIC18F452 [2.3], he s6 chuyin ddi ndng do K dugc cai dat sin, cd kit ndi vdi niit ttog, giam khi cln thilt va nut tinh ghi lai gia tri trung binh.
Hmh 2: Sado nguj'en ly bdn mqch do va khuech dai tin hieu quang
3.2. Lip rap cac ban mach dien tir [4]. 3b. Cac linh kien dugc hto fren bto mach So do nguyen ly d hinh 2 duge thiet ke dien hi PCB da dugc phu ldp epoxy de va lap rap thtoh mach PCB nhu hinh 3a, chdng ri.
3a 3b 3c Hinh 3: 3a-Bdn mgch di?n ti duac tdp rap theo ban ve. Sb- lap rap biog cac chip dien lir va
3c-Bd Ihu phdt DRF7020D20
Bg phan truyen quang tir ngudn den UV, budng toi chira cuvet thach anh, bam mini, da dugc nghien ciru lap rap trudc day nen ttong bao cao nay bg phto truyin quang dugc xem nhu da cd sto.
Theo binb 1 va 2 tin hieu quang thu
dugc. dugc dua vao bd chuyen ddi tin hieu quang sang tin hieu dien, sau do tin hieu dien tilp tuc dugc dua vao bd ADC 12 bit nhtoi sd hda tin hieu dien do dugc.
Chip PIC 18F2423 dugc sir dung dl dilu khien va hien thj kit qua do tren mto
^
hinh LCD (16x2) vdi cac thdng sd A theo phuong trinh (1). nong do COD theo phuang trinh (2). vdi he sd K xac dinh bing thuc nghiem va cai sto tten may.
Khoi ghi sd Ueu, ttnyln so heu btog modul RF se truyen tin hieu do dugc sau khi da xii ly thdng qua bd thu phat DRF7020D20 cd khotog each thu phat tdi da la 1,3 km.
Hlnh 4. ciu Igo ben trong cua Ihiel bi-phdn cimg
Hinh 4 la cto tao ben frong thiet bj gdm budng tdi chiia cuvet thach anh cd dudng dto mto dto ra. dto vto dugc ndi viii bom mini la bd phto frgng ttoi nhat cua may.
3.3. Ap diing thu-c te.
Su dung dung djch kali hydrophtalat lam dung dich chuto, cac mto nudc thai nhugm, nudc thai giay va nudc thai chiia hdn hgp tinh bdt va cac chit hilu co khac la ddi tugng khao sat. Ap dyng phuong phap tieu chuln qui djnh, TCVN 6491:1999 (ISO 6060:1989) sii dung kali dicromat de xac djnh COD ciia dung djch chuln 100; 200mg/L. Xac djnh COD cua cac mlu nudc thai chiia tinh hot, nirdc thai nhugm, nudc thai gily. Xac djnh dp hap thu quang cua cac dung dich chuan va mlu nudc thai d tren tai budc sdng 254nm.
He sd chuyen ddi ndng do K cOa kali hydrophtalat la 165mg/L, nudc thai nhugm la 707mg/L, nudc thai giay 268 mg/L va nudc thai chua tinh bgt va mgt so chat hiru ca kbdng xac djnh la 9500mg/L. Cac he sd K nay dugc cai vao sin thilt bi COD.
Bdng 1: Kit qud xdc dinh COD trong mdu chudn vd nu&c thdi
STT
1 2 3
4
Mto
Mto chuto Nudc thai giay
Nudc thai nhugm Nudc thai chua hdn hgp tinh hot va cac chat khac
Hesd K (mgA.)
ln-3)
165 268 707
9500 Mat
do quang
A(n=!0)
0.615
1.118
1.552 Ndng do
(mg/L) COD LV
(n=10)
104 89 790
14.750
Ndng do (mgfL)
CODTCVN
99 93 782
15.400
Sai sd
± (3 -7)%
± (3 -7)%
±(5-10)%
±(5-10)%
Do sai lech ciia 4
thilt bj
(%)
± (2-3)%
± (2 -3)%
± (3 -4)%
±(5-6)%
Tir ket qua btog 1 cho thiy he sd K len din 9500mg/L, htoi lugng COD xac djnh dugc len din 14.750mg/L, vdi sai sd khotog 10 %. Vi vay thilt bj dugc cai dat vdi he sd K ldn nhit la lO.OOOmg/L. Htoi lugng COD cao nhit la 20.000mg/L. Xac djnh ddng thdi 4 thiet bi dugc lap hoto chinh, do sai lech cua cac thiet bj nim frong khotog 6%. Vdi kit qua fren, thilt bj xac djnh nhanh UV-COD nay cd thi hoto chinh va dua di ap dung thir nghidm de tien tdi hoto thien hon.
KET L U A N
Da thiet ke va lap dat thtoh cdng bo mach dien tir dung cho thiet bj do nhanh UV-COD frong nudc thai vdi htoi lugng COD cd the xac djnh dugc len den 15.000mg/L, he sd chuyen ddi ndng do K dugc xac dinh btog thuc nghiem va cai sto ttong thiet bj cd the len den lO.OOOmg/L. Sai sd khotog 10% va 4 thilt bj lap dat dto tien cd do dn djnh va do ddng deu cao, sai lech gifia cac thiet bj dudi 6%.
Thiet bj nay da dugc dua di khao sat thuc te mdt sd nha may cho kit qua tdt, phu hgp vdi nhu cau quan ttac mdi ttudng lien tuc va true tuyen hien nay.
Bdi bdo ndy dugc thuc hiin trong khudn khd di tdi ma sd OlC-09/03-2012- 2 cua S& Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghi Hd Ngi nam 2012-2013. Tap the tdc gid xin trdn trong cdm on su giiip da cua S& KHCN Hd Noi
T A I LIEU THAM KHAO 1. The ART of electronics Paul Horowitz -Harvard university and Winfield Hill - Sea data corporation. Newton.
Massachusetts.", Cambridge University Press 1980;
2.Microc/»p.com/downloads/en/devicedo c/3975 5a.pdf
3 .Microchip. com/downloads/en/DeviceD oc/39564C.pdf,
4.www.egr.msu.edu/.../GettingStartedWit hPCBDesignUsuigAhium.pdf,-
5. TCVN 6491:1999 (ISO 6060:1989):
chdt lugng nu&c- xdc dinh nhu cdu oxyhod hod hgc COD)
6. Ayrton F.martin, Daniel R.Arsand, carta B.brenner, Luciane Mineeto.COD- Evaluation of hospital Effluent by means of UV-Specttal deconvolution.
Clean.2008,36 (10-11)p.875-878.
7. K.Fujimori, W,ma, T. Moriuchi- kawakami, Y.Shibutani, N.takenaka, H.
Bandow, and Yasuaki Maeda:
Chemiluminiscence method with potassium permanganate for the determination of orgtoic pollutant in Seawater. ^Ma/. Sci, 2001, vol 17,p 975 8. Chen Wenchun.f/K spectra photometry determination of COD in water applications. Water treatment technology (1998), vol.24(6), p333-335.
9. N. Q. Trung; N. T. Thao; L. M. Tuan;
N. T. Pho, N.T.P.Thao: De tai d p Vien KHCN Viet nam, ntoi 2009: Nghien ciiu (xem tiep tr. 79)
CONCLUSIONS
The ' H and '^C NMR spectra of 3-aryl-4- formylsydnone 4-(tetra-0-acetyl-p-D- glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones have been studied and discussed. Tbe values of the coupling constant y=9.50-9.75 Hz between the protons H-l' and H-2 of component glucopyranose mdicated that these thiosemicarbazones have p- anomeric configuration.
Acknowledgments. Financial support for this work was provided by Vietnam's National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED, code 104.01-2013.26).
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NGHIEN C t r u THIET KE PHAN MEM..
khd ndng che tao dung cu xdc dinh nhanh COD bdng phdt quang hda hgc hi KMnO/Mn-*
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