CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
14. Tauson R. (2002). Furnished cages and a\-iaries. Agric. Eng,, 13:96-98-
produclion and health. World PouU. Sci- J, 58" 49-63, 18, Weeks CA and CJ- Nicol (2006) Behavioural needs, 15. Thanga T, M. Thiagarajan, V. Ramesh, P.T. Gnanaraj priorities and preferences of laying hens,World's Poul-
and T. Sivakumar (2001), Performance of broiler h^ Sci, J„ 62: 296-07.
chicken under cage and floor systems of management 19, Whay H.R., D.C. Main, L.E. Green, G. Heaven, H. Ho- fed differently processed feeds. Ind J. Anim. Sci-, 71: well, M. Morgan, A. Pearson and A.J. Webster (2007).
985-88, Assessment of the tiehavior and welfare of laying hens 16. Tieu chuan VietGAP (2017). Quy h-inh nuoi ga on free-range umts.Vet. Rec., 161:119-28
tha vuon, http://v.Tvw.vietgap,com/huong-dan-ap- 2O. Nguyin Thj Xuan, Han Quang Hanh va Vii Dinh Ton dung/1047_8010/quy-trinh-nuoi-ga-tha-vuon-theo- (2018) Anh huong cua viec bo sung gian dau va ho t^m heu-chuan-vielgahp.htm!. cat 161 tap tinh va phiic ii^i ciia ga thjt thuang pham o 17. Wang S.U., X. Zhang, B. Huang, L. Wang, F. Sheng. he tho'ng nuoi nhot hoan toan va ban chan tha Hpi thao
LIKai and S. Ren (1997). Comparison among different khoa hoc ni> can bg \^en chiic nam 2018, HVNN Viet broiler-rearing lechnical crafts. Trans, Chinese Soc. Nam, Trang 120-25-
T H p C TRANG CHAN NUOI VA VE SINH AN TOAN THU'C PHAM TRONG CHAN NUOI LON TAI TINH LAM DONG
Pbgm "Tlii Tlianb Tliao'*, Nguyen Xudn Tracb- vd Phgm Kim Ddng^
N g a y n h a n bai bao: 28/10/2019 - N g a y n h a n bai p h a n bien: 30/11/2019 N g a y bai bao d u g e c h a p n h a n d a n g : 08/12/2019
T O M T A T
Nghien cuu nay n h a m d a n h gia thyc tigng chan nuoi lpn va v^ sinh an toan thuc pham trong ch3n nuoi lpn tgi tinh Lam Dong, Nghien ciiu d u p c tieh hanh vdi 162 co so chan nudi, 40 d^i ly thuc an chan nudi, 25 dai Iy thuoc thii y, 9 trang trai giong va 24 co sd gie't md lpn tren ba dja p h u o n g phat trien chan nudi m a n h nha't tinh Lam Dong. Ke't qua nghien a i u cho tha'y, chan nudi lpn 6 tinh Lam Dong hi^n van theo phucmg thuc chan nuoi n h d le la chii ye'u. Lpn t h u o n g pliam d u p c sir dyng nhieu nhai la lpn lai 3 gid'ng Duroc x Fj(Yorkshire x Landrace). Tmh hinh sii' d y n g thiic an chan nuoi Ipn khd kiem soat va vi?c d a n h gia ehat lupng thiic an con it. Cdng tac thu y tren dan Ipn con ggp nhieu khd khan. Mgng luai p h a n phdi thiic an chan nuoi va thud'c thu y phii'c tap vdi nhieu nguon khac n h a u . N u d c sir d y n g trong chan nuoi con 6 nhiem colifoinrs d mii'c cao (51,11%
mau vi p h a m quy dinh). Mpt so it thiic an d i a n nuoi cdn chiia tylosine v u o t miic quy djnh {2,7%).
TCr khoa.* Chdn nuoi, loii, ve siiili an todn tlurc phain, Lani Dong.
ABSTRACT
The status q u o of p i g production, food h y g i e n e and saferty in pig production in Lam D o n g province
The present study aimed to assess the status quo and food hygiene and saferty in pig production in Lam Dong pro\'ince A cross-sectional survey was carried out with 162 pig farming operations, 40 feed agents, 25 veterinary medicine agents, 9 breeding farms, and 24 pig slaughterhouses in three areas of the most livestock development in the province. Results showed that pig production in Lam Dong province was mainly in the hand of smallholders, C o m m e r d a l pigs were most of three crossbreds DurocxF,(Yorkshire x Landrace), It was difficult to control feed use and assess feed qualitj'. Veterinary activity were faced with difficulhes. The distribution networks of animal feed and veterinarv medicine were complicated m t h different sources, Coliforms contamination in water was found unsatisfactory for 51.11% of the samples analyzed. There were still 2,7% of feed samples contained residual tylosine.
Keywords: Pi^ production, pork, food hygiene and saferty. Lam Dong.
' Khoa Sinh hoc, Dai hpc Da Lat
• Khoa Ch.ln nuin, Hpc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam
• Tac gia hen he- TS Pham Thi Thanh Thao, Khoa Sinh hpc, Dai hpc Da Lat; DT, 0933590369; E-mail: thaopttC'dlu edu,v
KHKTChdn nuoi so 255 - thdng3 nam 2020
m
^U.\S N U O I D Q N G VAT VA C A C VAN
I.eATVANBE
.\ganh chan nuoi oia tinh Lam Dong lil mdi trong bd'n the mgnh kinh te cua tinh (lrong trpt, chan nudi, djch vu va cac hoat dpng khae). Theo Cyc thd'ng ke tinh Lam Dong (2019), gia tri san xua't cua ng.inh chan nudi nam 201S la S 47fi lv ddng vdi tdc J o tang trudng la lOS.hS",, \'a chiem 15,53"o eo cau gia Iri san xuat cua tinh. Tinh Lam Dong chu -\-e'u ehan nudi lgn vdi 425*^(14 con vao nam 201S vdi td'ng san lugng thit Ign hai la 83.354 ta'n.
Tinh Lam Dong khdng chi eung cap thit Ign npl tinh ma cdn eung cap thit lpn ra ngoai tinh nhu Khanh Hda, Xha Trang, Hd Chi Minh, Ddng \ . n \'a xua't khau sang Trung Quoc.
M.ic dil ed cac dac diem vi tn dja lv, khi hau, dtit dai ciing nhu nguon lao ddng ndng thdn thugn Kri cho chan nudi Ign, nhung nganh eh5n nudi Ign tgi Lam Dong van edn ehua phat hu\' hel tiem nang phat trien. Dac bipt, cac ye'u td tac dpng de'n \'C' sinh an toan thuc pham thit lgn van chua dugc xae dinh. Vi vgy, nghien cuu nay dune thyc liipn nliam danh gia thyc tiang chan nudi Ipn va nguy co ve sinh an toan thyc pham tiiit lpn tir khau chan nuoi tai tinh Lam Dong de ed co su cho \ ice ap dyng quy trinh ehan nudi td't trong ehan nudi Ign tien dia ban cua tinh duoe tdt hon.
2. VAT Uiu vA PHiniNG PHAP NGHIEN cm 2.1. Chpn diem nghien curu
Nghien a m dugc thye hien tai 9 xa dai dien cua 3 huyen Lam Ha, huyen Diie Trgng va thanh pho Bao Lgc phat trien chan nuoi manh nha't tmh Lam Dong. Tai ni6i xa nghien ei'ai, 10"<) hp hogc trang trai dupc lya chgn ngau nhien theo danh sach cac hp hoac trang trai chan nuoi lpn d \a. Cac xa cd trang trai cdng nghiep it hon 10 thi khao sat 1 trang trai.
Cae eo sd ehan nudi lon dupe phan logi theo phuong diuc chan nu6i gom ndng hp nho le, trang trai ban edng nghiep va trang trgi cdng nghiep theo TT 69/2000,TTLT/BNN-TCTK.
Ddng thdi, 100% dgi ly thude ihu y. -'^' * '^•.
1\' thue an chan nudi, 1 trang trgi gu^'^S' ; nghien eiiu duge lya chpn Je f^" ^'''J" ,^^?^
thdng tin ean tiiiet. Cu the, ldng -^o ti/ h^.' ^ ]^^
nudi nhd le, S4 hg ehan nudi b.m edng nghipp va 9 hp Chan nudi edng nghipp; lan lugt 3, 10
\a 12 dgi lv thudc thu \' cap 1, e.ip 2 va ban le;
\ 17 va IS dgi h' thlic an chan nuoi cap h cap 2 va ban lo; 9 trang trgi gidng da JudC dieu tra. Ngoii ra, tdng sd 24 eo so giet mo du'pc lua chpn ngau nhien dc la\' mau thit phan tieh hda cha't tdn du.
2.2. Phuang phap dieu tra
So lipu thii cap dupe thu thgp trong 3 nam gan day tii Cyc Thong ke Lam Dong; Chi cyc Chan nudi, Thii y va Thuy san Lam Dong; Bp X'NifePTNT Thong tin thu thap gom: tdng dan lgn, san lupng chan nudi, mang lirdi phan phoi thudc thu y, thuc an ehan nudi, gid'ng lgn trong tinh.
So lipu so cap duge thu thap tir thang 05/2015 den thang 05/2016 khi phdng van tiTJC tie'p ngudi ehan nudi de thu thap thdng tin quy md dan/lip, so lugng lpn xua't cliu6ng/nam/hg, gidiig lgn va noi mua gi6'ng; thiie an cho Ign va noi mua thiic an; noi mua thu6'e thu y va nguon nude sii dyng trong chan nuoi. Ngudi ban thtic an chan nudi duoe phdng va'n de thu thap thdng tin hang thuc an chan nudi lgn va loai khang sinh (ne'u cd) trong thtic an chan nuoi lgn. Thdng tin ve gid'ng lgn dupe Ihu thap khi phdng van ngtroi cung ca'p gid'ng lpn.
2.3. Chgn mau
Mdi dgi ly thiie an chan nudi nghien cuu dupe la'y mpt mau thiie an ehan nudi cho Ign thit de phan tich. Dong thdi, chin muoi mau thlic an chan nudi va 90 mau nu<'jc dugc la'y tir 90 hd hogc trang trai dgi dipn De dam bao cac mau eimg nguon xuat xii, cun- 16 p^gj^
m6i dgt chi lay 1 mau thit/co so ;.• •. nid, i (fto't la'y mau vdi khoang thai gian cac hau In IA ngay (Bang 1).
KHKT Chiin nuoi so 255 - ihdng j 'uhn •?(, -,
CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
Bang 1. So lupng mau thu thap de danh gia cac yeu to anh hudng den vp sinh an toan thi^c pham thit Ipn
Doi tuyng Lam Ha Bao Loc Piic Trgng Tinh chung
D^i ly thirc an;
Daily cap 1 D^i ly cap 2 Banle Hp Chan nua Co so giet mc
Thuc an chan nuoi
Nuoc uong cho Ipn Thlic an chan nuoi Hoa cha't ton du trong th|t Ign 2.4. Phuang phap lay mau, phan tich va danh gia
Mau nudc dimg trong chan nudi dupe lay theo TCVN 6663-5:2009 va xii' ly theo TCVN 6663-3:2008. Tong vi khuan hie'u khi (TVKHK) dupe phan tich tiieo SMEWW 3500:2005. Coli- forms dugc phan tieh theo TCVN 6187-2:1996.
Cae ehi tieu asen, chl, cadimi va sat trong mau nudc dugc phan tich theo SMEWW 3500:2005.
Mii-c dp 6 nhiem vi sinh vgt va kim loai nang dugc danh gia theo QCVN 01-39:2011/Bp NN&PTNT
Mau thit dugc lay theo QCVN 01-04:2009/
Bp NN&PTNT, xir ly theo TCVN 6507:2005.
Chloramphenicol, clenbuterol va salbutamol, tetracycline va tylosin trong thit lgn dugc phan tich theo 2 budc: phan tieh ban dinh lugng bang phuong phap ELISA, sau dd cae mau duong tinh dupc phan ti'ch dinh lirgng theo phuong phap LC/MS/MS. Muc dp ton du- khang sinh va ehat cam trong thit duge danh gia theo TT24:2013/B6 YT TTOl/2016/Bp NN&PTNT vci TCVN 7046:2009.
Mau thlic an chan nu6i dugc lii'y theo TCVN 4325-2007 va xir Iy tiieo TCVN 6952:200.
£. coli dupc phan tich tiieo TCVN 6846:2007.
Aflatoxin t6ng so, aflatoxin Bl, ractopamine, chloramphenicol, clenbuterol va salbutamol, tetracycline va tylosin duge phan tich djnh tinh theo phuong phap ELISA, mau duong Hnh tie'p tuc dupe phan tich bang phuong phap LC/MS/MS. Mue dp tdn du cac cha't nay dugc danh gia tiieo QCVN 01-12:2009, TT 01/2016 va TT 28/2014 cua Bd NN&PTNT
2.5. Phuang phap xii ly so lieu
Phep thu Chi Square dugc sii' dung de so sanh sy sai khac cua cac so' lieu ve th6ng tin gio'ng, thu'c an, thuoc thu y va nude giira eae phuong thlic chan nudi khae nhau; sy sai khac trong thuc an chan nudi khdng dat yeu cau ve d nhiem vi sinh vgt, doe to na'm nid'c va kim loai ngng eiing nhu ton du khang sinh hogc ehat cam giua dai ly thirc an va hp thd'ng ehan nuoi; va sy sai khae cua nude kh6ng dgt yeu cau ve 6 nhiem vi sinh vat va kim loai nang giii-a 3 dia phuong nghien eun. Khang sinh va chat cam ton du trong thit lgn vu'pt mu'c cho phep duge rinh theo ty le phan tram mau khdng dgt. Chi tieu sd'lugng lgn timg loai va so eon xua't chuong/nam/hg dugc phan tich bang ANOVA va Tukey-Kramer de so sanh su sai khac giii'a hg nhd le, trang trai ban edng nghiep va trang trai e6ng nghiep. Phan mem SAS 9.1 dugc su dung de phan rich thong ke so lieu.
3 . KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Thong tin chung ve hien trang chan nudi lgn
Theo Cue Tho'ng ke tinh Lam Dong (2019), tong dan lpn va san lu'png thit km 3 nam (2017, 2018 va 2019) la 439.167, 425.964, 400.447 con va 76,921, 83.354, 83.253 tan, Nhu vgy, dan Ipn ciia tinh Lam Dong giam dan tir nam 2017 de'n nam 2019 trong khi san lugng thit tang vao nam 2018 va giam vao nam 2019.
Thyc te, nhieu hp ehan nudi lon da ngung nuoi Ign hoac nit nhd quy md chan nuoi lgn vi thi trudng dau ra khdng dam bao dan de'n gia lgn ehua tuong xiing trong khi chi phi con
KHKTChdn nuoi so 255 - ihdng 3 ndm 2020 87
_ C H A N N U O I DONG_^•AT V.\ CAC VAtQ I '^~''•-
gid'ng v'a chi phi chan nudi cdn cao (Chi cyc Chan nudi, Thii v va "Thuv san tinh Lam Dong, 2018). Tinh den thang 11 nam 2019, tdng dan Ign giam 6,00% so vdi ciing ky do nhieu hg chan nudi cd tam Iv e nggi v\ chan nu6i tiem an djch bpnh (Chi cyc Chan nudi, Thii v va Thuy san hnh Lam Dong, 2019).
3.2. Cac phuong Ihiic chan nudi lgn Tai tinh Lam Dong cd 3 phucmg thiic ehan nudi lgn la hg nhd le, trang trai ban cdng nghipp {CN), trang trai cdng nghipp (Bang 2).
Xu hudng chan nu6i Ign tap trung theo trang trgi ban cong nghipp va cdng nghipp dang gia tang va cac trang trai na\' thudng nudi Ign gia cdng cho cac doanh nghipp (Cdng t\- CP, l-'mive^l, Japfa Comfeed) (Chi eye ChSn nudi, Thu V v'a Thiiy san tinh Lam Dong, 2019). \ u hudng phat trien chan nudi lgn tgi tinh Lam Dong phil hgp vai xu hudng chung ciia ca nudc, chan nudi ndng hg nhd le chuyen dan sang quv md Idn hon.
Bang 2. Quy mo cua cac phuong thiic chin nuoi ,. Phugng thuc chan nuoi (Mean±SE)
\ F,{Du \ Pi) (Bang 3)- Ng>' chan n u o i
(con) H p n h d i e Ban C N
(m
~)
(n-86) (n=9)Quy mo: .32,1S-2,ll,s 149,86'-±7,42 908,67'±213,46 Lpn thit l(.,S,^±l,10 99,58'-t6.06 800,00^165.83 L<7nnai 3,-l9-±0,27 20.72''±0,92 200,00*150,00 Li,mcon 21.7a*2,4^ .^L-1.^±4,S9 285,00^15,00 Lgn thit/nam/
hp .5,9-15,29 340,2''±16,99 1.890,0^25,82 c7/ii ihif Trong ciing hdng. cdc gid tri Mean mang chu cai khdc nhau thi sat klidc co i/ nglna tho'ng ke (P<0.05) 3.3. Giong Ipn
Hudng phat trien chan nudi chinh oia tinh la ap dyng c6ng thiie lai toi un de tgo lgn thuong pham ed ehat lugng eao, cai tao dan nai cd ty Ie gid'ng ngoai cao de Iam eg sd nhan gid'ng lgn thucmg pham. Viee ap dung lai kinh te'2 gidng, 3 gid'ng dugc thyc hien nham tao Ign thit tiiuong pham (So NN&PTNT Lam Dd'ng, 2011). Cac eo sd chan nudi tiong tinh su dyng nhieu logi lgn thuong pham vdi td hgp lai 3 gid'ng Fl{Yorkshire x Landrace) x Duroc va 1 so dimg to hgp lai 4 gid'ng F,{YxL)
Igndia phuong Va huong phal inon phy cya nganh chan nudi lgn trong tinh U T h i T h u y Ha va etv {2014) eho bie't, 31.200 '^''^^^^^^
phuong dugc nudi tgi mgt sd khu MILLU^
Lam Dong vao nam 2015
Bang 3. Gidng l(m n « c phmmg Ihuc chin nuoi
G i o n g I g n
L»,m lai ngoai \ ngo.n To Iipp Ini 2 g i o n g To hpp Iai 3 g i o n g T u l n T p l a i 4 g t o n g Lpn Ini ngo^i x npi Lpn npi
Phucmg H p nho le (n=(v) 97,01 4,48 92,54"
1,49- 0 2,99
Ihirc chan n u o i B a n C N
(n=S6) 100 2,33 96,5V
6,98'' 0 0
C N (n=9)
0 55,56' 44,44- 0 0
3.4. Thlic an chan nuoi lgn
Chi eye Chan nudi, Thii y va Thiiy san tinh Lam Dd'ng, ( 2018) cho bie't, tinh Lam Dong cd 215 cira hang kinh doanh thii-e an chan nudi {TACN), nhung khdng ed nha may san xua't TACN. Tdng cgng 29 hang TACN dang duge ngudi chan nudi lgn su' dyng d tinh va 7 loai khang sinh dugc sir dung trong TACN nham kich thieh sinh trudng cho lgn, logi dugc sii' dung nhieu nha't trong TAHH hoan chinh la khang sinli colistin, chlortetracycline va tylo- sine phosphate,
Hau he't ngyoi chan nudi mua TA cong nghiep tir dai ly ca'p 1 va 2 (Sa do' 1). Mdt sd' trang trai ehan nuoi lgn gia cdng nhap tryc tie'p TACN tir ehinh cdng ty san xua't. Cac hg chan nudi nhd le thudng bo sung them san pham ndng nghiep duge tan dyng cd san tai dia phucmg- Thiie an bo sung va eae chat phu gia khong ro nguon gd'c ciing dupc ngudi chan nudi sir dyng.
Mpt so TA cdng nghipp tii c.-< cong ty san xuai TA ed thuong hipu mdi ho,., ]a d5'i ^ ^ ngudi ehan nudi trong tinh dupc •MCH thieu va thuye't phyc sii dyng thanh cdiu hung qua tie'p thi tan noi. Tdm lgi, mang lu. nan jihd'i TACN tiong tinh cdn phiic tap.
KHKTChdn nuoi so 255 - ihdng :• ,,„
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C H A N N U O I D Q N G VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
Cac cong w san xuai thiic an
|-[
Dai ly ca'p 1Dai ly cap 2 Hp chan nuoi nho le
Trang trai ban CN/CN
> - J
So do 1. Mang luoi phan phoi TACN tai Lam Dong 3.5. Thu y
Tinh hinh phong tri bpnh trong chan nuoi lpn tgi tinh Lam Dong gap khd khan do dich b?nh tren lgn dien bie'n phiie tap. Tdng so 3.889 con Ipn mac bpnh Id mom long mdng va 62.371 con lgn mac bpnh dich ta lgn Chau Phi tgi 10 dja phucmg trong tinli vao nam 2019.
Do'i vdi cdng tiic tiem phdng, tren 80%lgn/
tdng so lugng lgn loan tinh dugc tiem phdng
3 benh dd (dich ta, ty huve't triing, phd thuong han) nam 2019. Ngoai ra, 18.875 lieu vac xin 16 mom long mong tj^e O da duQC tiem cho dan Icm (Chi cyc Chan nuoi. Thy y va Thiiy san tinh Lam Dong, 2019).
Mang ludi phan phd'i thud'c thii y trong chan nudi lgn tai tinh Lam Dong bao gom kenh phan phoi chinh thong va kenh phan phd'i khdng chinh thd'ng {So do 2). Kenh phan phdi thud'c thu y chinh thong theo he tho'ng cung ca'p thuoc thii y ciia dai ly cap 1 va he thd'ng cung ca'p thud'c thu y cua he thong quan ly nha nude. Kenh phan phoi thud'c thu y khdng chinh thd'ng thudng bat nguon tii' thi truimg chg den. Nhieu logi thuoc thu y kh6ng rd ngudn gdc trdi ndi tgi thi trudng chg den chil ye'u dugc phan phd'i gian tie'p tdi tay ngudi ehan nu6i. Tinh Lam Dong cd 159 cii'a hang budn ban thud'c thu y. Tuy nhien ehi khoang 100 di'a hang dupc kiem tra va cap giay chiing nhgn du dieu kien kinh doanh thud'c thu y. Vi vay, mang ludi phan phoi thud'c thii y trong tinh la phiic tgp va ngudi chan nudi de gap rui ro nhat la khi dich benh xay ra.
(l)San pham nhflp nhau (2) San pham ciia cong ty npi dja {3) San pham cua cac cong t>' lien doanh
Th| tmcmg chp den
Cue Thu y
\ \
Dai ly ca'p I ^ '
> ; : - - ' '
^^y
Chi cue Thu y
-/
Thu y vien
Nguoi tie'p thi
f
Dai ly cap 2
1
Phong kham thu y Hgi chan nuoi thu y
Cua hang ban le
•
Ngu'cri chan nuoi
J t
Vat nuoii '
S o do 2. M a n g ludi phan p h o i thud'c thii y trong chan nuoi Ion tai tinh Lam D o n g Gbi cbu. Dudng iiCn lied Id kenh phdn phdi thuoc thii y cbinb tbong vd dudng dirt doan Id kenh khdng cbinb tbong
3.6. Lya chgn con giong, thiic an chan nudi, thuoc thii y va nuac cua ngudi chan nuoi
Thirc trang lya chpn cac nguon dau vao chan nudi lpn 6 eac phuong thiie chan nudi
khac nhau (Bang 4) cho tha'y dieu kien dau vao chan nudi lgn eua trang trai cdng nghiep la to't nha't, sau do la trang trai ban cong nghiep va eud'i ciing la hg chan nu6i nhd le. Thay vi chi
KHKT Chdn nudi so 255 - thdng 3 ndm 2020
CHAN NUOI DONG V.AT V.A C A C VAN 2^^
mua lgn tii doanh nghiep hoac trang trai giong CO u\' tin va nguon gdc rd rang nhu trang trai cong nghiep thi trang trai ban cdng nghiep va hp nho le chu ye'u tu san xuat Ign thuong pham. Ddi vdi thiic an chan nudi va thuoc thu y, trang trai cdng nghipp chi mua san pham cd rd nguon gd'c xua't xu tgi dgi l\' hoac tir can
bg til \'.Vn ky tiiugt. Nguoc lgi, m<M ^^' ^'"'''"^
trgi ban edng nghiep va hg ch5n nuoi niua ^ pham tiJ' ngudn khae khong chinh tiling. P chan nu6i sii dyng nudc gieng dao la c i " yeu
,. .t.-- ,-1,^ hi o nliiem tir ma nuoc gieng dao eo the dt 01 v m6i truong da't hem nudc gieng khoan.
..;.™ A . i . ^u „ th.Vr rhan nuoi khac nhau
NiTi mua giong
Noi mua thuc an ch5n nuoi
Nl'l mua thuoc Ihii y
Nguon nuoc sir dyng
Chi tieu I ») Hp tv san xu^l
Chp Doanh nghi?p/Trang tr^i giong
Dm Iv ban thuc an Can tip lu van kv thual
Chp
\j;u.Ti quang cno'liep thi Nguiri than quen D^ij Ivban thuoc thtiy Can bp tu van kC thu|t
Chp Nguin quang cao/tiep thj
Nguiri than quen Nuoc gieng dao Nuoc gieng khoan
Phirong Hp nho le {n=t-7)
65,67' 14,93 7,4(v 11,94 64,18-' 4,4S- 8,96 11,94 10,44 62,68' 8,96' 7,46 11,94^
8,96 70,15' 29,85-^
^Ihuc^hanjruoL.
^ana^iii!i:!i_
53,49'-
60,47- 22,09'- 3,49 4,65 9,30 52,33"
37,21'' 3,49 2,33'' 4,64 40,70'' 59,30"
0 100"
0 22,22^^
0 22,22=
77,78=
0 0=
0 11,11' 88,89' 3.7. Thyc trgng vp sinh an toan thyc pham
trong chan nuoi Ign
O nliiem vi sinh \'at va kim logi ngng trong nudc su dung tiong chan nudi Ign khdng ed su khac biet giira cac dia phuong nghien ciiu {Hinh 1). T\' Ip mau nudc cd TVKHK 6 nhiem vugt niiie eho phep trong nudc tuong doi tha'p, trong khi dd ty le mau nudc 6 nhiem Coliforms vupt miie eho phep tuong doi cao.
Nguge vdi eac chi tieu 6 nhiem vi sinh vat, nudc tai tinh Lam D6ng kh6ng 6 nhiem kim Ioai nang. Xgoai trii- 1,11 % mau nude chiia sat va asen vugt muc quy dinh dugc tim thay tgi cac co sd ehan nudi thupc thanh pho Bao Lgc \'a huypn Diie Trpng. Ddi vdi thyc trgng 6 nhiem thiic an chan nu6i tgi cae dai ly thiic an chan nudi va co ^u chan nuoi lgn, ke't qua phan
tieh mau cho tha'y co ban thiie an dat ta't ca cac chi tieu nghien ciiu. Ngoai tni 2,5% mau thiie an cd chua tylosine vugt miic cho phep du'gc lay tai cac dgi ly thiic an chan nudi.
Thit lgn tai cac eo sd gie't md tgi tinh Lam Dd'ng khdng ton d u khang sinh (Chloram- phenicol, tylosin, tetracycline), salbutamol va clenbuterol. Mac dii salbutamol dugc tim tha'y trong hai mau thit lgn nhung ham lugng sal- butamol < 5ppb nen khdng vi pham quy dinh theo TT 01/2016AT-Bd NN&PT\T. Dieu nay cung phil hpp vdi mdt phat hii-n trudc day r^ng thit lgn tgi khu vye ngoai thanh ton d u khang sinh (Duong va ctv, 20(ir-,) ^^^ ^^^^
khae, eac eo so ehan nudi lgn tai ngogi thanh la yeu to nguy co dd'i voi ton du khang - ,nh trong thit (Su va ctv, 2006).
90 KHKT Chdn nuoi sd 255 - thdng ann 2<rii
CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
IC Trong XL.imHa
T\THK Sat Cadimi .Asen
\'isinh v.il\a l.imlo.ii nang tron;.; nu'-c diing tron;.; ch.m nuoi
Hinh 1. Thyc trang VSATTP cua nudc dimg frong chan nuoi lpn ciia cac dia phuang nghien ciin 4. K I T LUAN
Chan nudi lgn tgi tinh Lam Dong chii ye'u la nhd le, phan tan. Mgng lud*! phan phoi thud'c thu y va thuc an chan nuoi tuang dd'i da dgng. Dai da so cac eo sd ehan nudi nu6i Ign thugng pham 3 gid'ng. Nii'de diing trong chan nuoi lgn con 6 nhiem coliforms. Van phat hi^n thuc an chan nudi cd chua tylosine vuot mii'c cho phep. Do dd, viee ap dung eac giai phap ky thuat de khac phyc cac ye'u diem nay trong chan nudi Ipn tgi tinh Lam D6ng la viec can thie't va quan trgng de dam bao phat trien chan nudi lgn ben viing.
TAI LI|U THAM KHAO
1 Chi cyc Chan nuoi, Thii y va Thuy san tinh Lam Dong (20!S) So 59a/BC-CNTYTS, Bao cao tdng ket cdng fac chan nudi, thu y va thiiy san nam 2018 va phuong huong nhiem vp nam 2019,
2 Chi ctfc Chan nuoi, Thii y va Thiiy san tinh Lam Dong (2019)- S6'630/BC-CNTYTS Bao cao tinh hinh thuc hien cong tac thii \', thuy san nam 2019 va nhi^m vu trpng tam nam 2020
Cvc thong ke tinh Lam Dong (2019). Tinh hinh kinh te- xa hpi uoc hnh thang 12 va ca nam 21)18 Tmy cap ngay 5/12/2019 tai: http://cucthongkelamdong-gov.vn/
Default asp\'Act=10&IDNews=854
Le Thi Thuy Ha, Tran Van Dan, Nguyen Thi Di^u Thiiy, Le Van Phan, Nguyen Ngpc Tan, Le Thanh Hien, Hoang Huy Lieu, V6 Khanh Hung, Nguyen Xuan Nam va Tran Di^u Quan (2014). lifng dgng ky thual RT-PCR dc phat hien sdm mpt so benh nguy hiem tren gia sue nham nang cao chai lupng dan vgt nuoi tren d|a ban tinh Lam Dong Vign KHKT Nong nghi?p Viet Nam-
Sa NN&PTNT Lam Dong {2011)- Bao cno so 317/QD- UBND- De an an toan thuc pham trong rau, che va thit den nam 2015.
Duong V.N., Paulsen P„ SuriyatShpom W., Smulders F.J., Kyule M,N,, Baumann M.P,, Zessin K.H. and Pham H N- (20O6). Preliminary analysis of tetracycline residues in marketed pork in Hanoi, Vietnam. Ann, N.
Y Acad Sci., 1081-534-542-
Su C-Y-, Mei C-Y-, Yee H.L. and Jiun LW, (2006).
Antibiotic residues in meat and eggs in Taiwan: A local Surveillance, Bntish Joumal of Medicine and Medical Research, 12(ll):l-6
KHKT Chan nuoi sd 255 - Ihdng 3 ndm 2020
