Mot so hinh thu'c tao von bo sung nguon ngan sach dau tu* ket ciu ha tang do thj tai thanh pho Ho Chi Minh - tiem nang co the khai thac trong tu'O'ng lai Some Forms Of Creating Additional Budget For Urban Infrastructure Investment In Ho Chi Minh City - Potentials For The Future
Ngay nhan bai: 23/12/2015 Ngay sCra bai: 28/01/2016 Ngay chap nhan dang: 24/03/2016
TCMTAT
Tap trung vko van de tao von bo sung nguon ngan sach phuc vu dau tif ket cau ha tang do thi tai TP.HCM, bai bao nay d\i<}c chia lam 2 phan. 6 phan d^u tien, thtfc trgng cdc nguon vdn dau tU ha tSng d6 thi diiOc phan tich mot each cu the, bao gom:
v6n ODA; v6n dSu tU theo hinh thi3c BT; von dau tU theo hinh thde BOT; von dSu tu theo hinh thiic trai phi^u cong trinh; trdi phieu do thi; von tCf dau thau (dau gia) quyln sCf di^ng dat; von til hinh thtfc bien "chinh trang" hay bi6n "phat trien"; von ttt viec dieu chinh tang khung gid ddt hdng nam tai dia ban da dau tif ha tang. Tren ca scf do, phan 2 de cap den mot so tiem nang khai thac, doi v6i van de tao von bo sung ngan sach phuc vu dau tU ket cau ha tang do thi tai TP.HCM khi duoc phep chuyen d6i sang m6 hlnh "chinh quyen do thi".
TU kh6a: tgo von bo sung nguon ngan sach; dan til ket cau ha tang do thi tai thanh ph6 Ho Chi Minh.
ABSTRACT
Focusing on the issue of creating additional budget capital for urban infrastructure investment in Ho Chi Minh City, this paper is divided into 2 sections. In the first, some existing forms of budget capital creating for urban infrastructure investment during the last periods are analyzed specifically for each type of capital, including ODA; Investment capital in the form of BT; Investment capital in the form of BOT;
Investment capital in the form of Project bonds; Municipal bonds; Creating form of capital bidding (auction) land use rights; Form of "embellishment" margin or
"development" margin; Increasing the annual land price frame in urban areas that had infrastructure investments. On that basis, in section 2, some exploiting potentials, as regard to creating additional budget capital for urban infrastructure investment in Ho Chi Minh City when the fransition to the model of "urban administration" is allowed, are mentioned.
Keywords: creatmg additional budget capital, urban infrastructure investment in Ho Chi Minh city.
PGS. TS. KTS. Nguyin Trong H6a, Chuydn vi^n cao cSp Noi Idm vi?c: Vien Nghien cilu phdt tri^n Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh Dien thoai: 0903 800141
Nguyen Trong Hoa
Trong nhOtig nam qua, nguon von ngan sach dknh cho dau t u phan I6n cac cong trinh ha tang do thj hang nam tai TP .HCIVI, chl dap iJng khodng han 10.000 t J d o n g / n a m tren tong so nhu eau la 40.000 t j - d o n g {ehiem tJ' trong 25-30%). Von ngan sach da dUoc huy dong bao g ^ m nhieu nguon khae nhau. Rigng von xa hoi h6a tCf dan, den nay ehUa eo m o t t h 6 n g ke nao chinh xdc ve con so nay. Do vay, ThSnh pho trong thdi gian qua da no lUc nghien eijfu xin phep chuyen sang mo hinh "Chinh quyen d o t h i " de IU chCi tao nguon t h u bo sung nhSm dap lfng 100% nhu cau dat ra.
Vay t h i , trong tong so han 10.000 ty (gan 30%) dap iJng nhu eau dau tU ha tang do t h j , duoc huy dong tif eae nguon nao?
1. THLTC TRANG CAC H I N H THIJfC TAO V d N DAlJ TU" HA T A N G 0 6 THI TRONG N H 0 N G N A M Q U A
1.1. Vdn ODA
Nguon von ODA la m o t nguon lUe rat quan trong, nhat la sU dung trong ITnh vUe ket cau ha tang do t h j . Vdn ODA bao g o m 2 loai (a) htnh thiJfc vdn vay eo uu dai cilia cae quoe gia cho Viet Nam, v6i lai suat thap va dai han va (b) hinh thCfc vi^n tro khong hoan lai, nhUng hien nay ngky cang gi^m th^p trong eo cau vdn ODA. Do 36, ve ban chat von ODA chinh la ngudn ng§n s^ch nha nu6c, can dUOC qudn ly, SLf dung m o t each hieu q u i .
Trong thin" gian qua cae nha tai trO nhU Nhat Ban, Ngan hang the gi6i [The World Bank) va ngan hang phat trien chau a (ADB) da ho tro eho nhieu d u an ha tang dd thj tai TPHCIVl. Ngudn vdn nay thucmg la ngudn vdn dau t u ldn, dap ung cho cac d u an phat trien ha tang c6 quy mo ldn; thdi gian trh no dai (khoang 40 nam) va lai suat rat thap.
Ngudn vdn dau tU nay da gdp phan dang ke vao v\kc trien khai cac d u an ha tang trong diem eua thSnh pho. Mac du duoc cae nha tai trO danh gia TPHCIVl sCf dung hieu qua von ODA, tuy nhien tien dd giai ngan ODA chSm so vdi nhieu qude gia khae va TPHCM noi rieng va e^ nude noi ehung dang tap tnjng day nhanh tien do gidi ngan cae d u a n ODA
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1.2. Von ddu tutheo hinh tftih: BT
ThUc chat hinh thiJc dau t u BT (Built-Transfer) dUoc thUc hien du6i dang "Boi dat lay ha t d n g " hoae "Ban Quyen khai thac ha tang giao t h o n g " sau khi Nha nUdc dau tU. Cd the minh hga hinh thiJc t h i i nhat qua 2 d u an: (a) DU an Dai Id Nguygn Van Linh (do nha dau tU lien doanh CT&D - Bai Loan va Cdng t y Phat Trien Cdng Nghi&p Thn T h u i n , TP.HCIVt) dau t u tuygn dUdng dai 17,8km, Id g i d i ! 20m co 10 lan xe, tdng sd vdn gan 100 trieu USD, ciing 150 ha cdng trinh cdng cdng. Doi lai, nha dau tU dUoc khai thac va kinh doanh 600 ha khu d d thj mdi Phu fVly Hung trong vdng 50 nam. DU an BT cung phai ke den la dU an Oudng Tan Son Nhat-Binh Loi, duoc thuc hien theo hinh thiJc BT, nham ndi tif san bay Tan Sdn Nhat-Binh Loi-vanh dai ngoai theo hinh thilc "chia khda trao tay", cd nghTa la nha dau tU se chiu moi chi phi ttJ den bii giai toa mat bang cho den xay diing vdi tdng vdn dau t u 291,9 trieu USD va sau khi d u an hoan thanh se dugc chuyen giao cho thanh phd quan ly. Doi lai, nha dau tUse Suae quyen khai thac m d t s o khu dat do thanh phd ehi dinh eho mue dich thuong mai.
Rieng hlnh thilc t h i l hai, cd the minh hoa qua dU an dudng Dien Bien Phii va dudng Hiing Vuong. Dtf an do nha nUde dau tU xay diing tuyen dUdng, sau d d , Cdng ty ed phan dau tU ha tang \<y thuat TP.HCM (CII) diJng ngudn tien vdn gdp va von huy ddng, de mua lai quyen khai thac, trong mdt thdi gian nhat dinh (nhU tif nam 2002 din nam 2011) Theo hop ddng chuyen nhuong, Cdng ty Cii cd trach nhiem thanh toan cho ngan saeh thanh phd 1.000 t l dong trong thdi gian 18 thang. Ddi lai, CII duoc quyen thu phf giao thdng 2 tuyen dUdng Dien Bien Phu, Hiing Vuong trong thdi gian 9 nam. Trong sudt t h d i gian nay, CII duoc Thanh pho bao dam mot loat eae dieu kien; co tu'c dinh mdc 11%/nam; lai suat vdn vay 8,5%/nam; chi phi quan ly 8,8%/nam va chi phi duy t u 2%/nam... Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh thUe hien dU an, doanh t h u thu phi giao thdng ehUa dat do nguyen nhan khach quan nen Oy ban Nhan dan Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh da ra quyet dinh dieu chinh thdi gian chuyen giao quyen thu phf giao thdng tren 2 tuyen dUdng nay tir 9 nam
!en 12 nam, tinh t i l ngay chuyen giao ddi vdi t i i t i g tuyen dUdng.
1.3. Von ddu tutheo hinh thu'c BOT (Built-Operation-Tranfers) Day la hinh thu'c Suge ap dung nhieu nOi tren the gidi. Tai TP.HCM, mot sd d i i an dau tU ha tang giao thdng va cap nudc da ap dung hinh thiic BOT. Tuy nhien, do dU an cap nUdc cd ngudn thu on dinh han nen ed thuan loi hOn so vdi cac d u an giao t h d n g . TPHCM da trien khai dau t u t h e o md hinh BOT mdt sd dUan giao thong sau:
1.3.1. Dy an DUdng Huynh Tan Phat
La d u an Nang cap m d rdng Lien tinh Id 15 giai doan 2, do Cdng t y phat trien dd thi va Khu cong nghiep ky ket hop ddng BOT tU thang 7/1999 va dUgc trien khai t h u phi 13 nam (tif thang 8/2004 den thang 8/2017). Vdn duy t u , sCfa chfia cdng trinh dUOc trich 2% t i l sd tien phf t h u duoc.
1.3.2. DU an Cau dUdng Binh Trieu 2:
D o C o n g t y d a u t u kinh doanh cdng trinh Giao thdng 565 dau t u xay dung va quan ly. Trong qua trinh thUe hien d i i an ed mdt sd nguyen nhan lam phat sinh them von, chu dau tU khdng du kha nang ve tai ehinh va gap khd khan trong viec bao lanh vay vdn tif eae ngan hang de tiep tuc thUe hien d u an, phai cham dut hgp ddng. Thanh phd giao cho Cdng t y cd phan Dau tU ha tang ky thuat TP (Cil) thuc h i f n cdng tac t h u phf tra lai vdn cho chili dau tU va thuc h i f n tiep giai doan 2 eung theo hinh thde BOT.
1.3.3. D i f a n Cau Phii My:
Cdng trinh do Cdng ty BOT C l u Phu My thiie hien, vdn dau tU khoang 2.500 t y ddng, khdi cdng ngay 22/2/2007, khanh thknh vao ngay 2/9/2009, cau dai hon 2km ndi Quan 2 va Quan 7.Thdi gian t h u phi la 26 nam.
1 3 4 DU an Nha may nUdc Sinh An (300.000 m^)
Day la hinh thilc BOT do nha dau t u nude ngoai IWlalaysia (vdn d i u t u 100%) tUOng duang 37.5 trieu USD, trien k h a i d u d i hinh thilc BOT t i ^
nam 1999 vdi thdi han 20 nam khai thac, sau do chuydn giao cho chfnh quyen TPHCM. Cong suat nha may nijdc Binh /Vn ia 100.000 m3/nam da gdp phan vao ngudn niidc saeh ciia thanh phd.
Qua phan tieh ttnh hinh hoat ddng eua eae dU an BT va BQT t ^ TPHCM trong t h d i gian qua, mac d i i m o t sd mat tich cUc h h u dU an mf la d u an cd von dau tU Icffi (phan Idn tren 1.000 ty dong), la mgfhinfi thilc dau t u cd hieu qua, vdi Uu diem ndi bat la m d rong kha nang xay diing cac edng trinh ha tang, giam ap li/c cho ngan sach trong dau tif xay dung khi cdng trinh duac van hanh. hoan vdn va chuyen giao. Tuy nhien, mot sd khd khan khi thUe hien dU an BOT, BT, bao g d m :
a) Chinh saeh khdng n h i t quan, hay thay d d i , anh hudng den nha dautU:
+ Trong qua trinh tnen khai cac d i i an, d o c l c ca ehe chinh sach khdng dn djnh, t i n h trang thay ddi chii trUong khi d u an da tnen khai lam tang tdng mdc dau t u .
+ Phat sinh nhieu qui dinh mdi ve quan ly dau tU, nhieu dUan trong qua trinh tri^n khai phai iap lai h o l e dieu chinh bo sung hd so, lam keo dai t h d i gian thiic hi&n dUan.
b) Viec den bii giai toa khdng thUe hien d i i n g tien do de ra lam mot sd d u an cham trien khai.
c) Co sd ha tang hien do nhieu dau mdi quan ly, khd khan trong viec- di ddi I l m anh hUdng den ti^n do dU an.
d) Nang lUe mdt sd ehu dau t u BOT cdn yeu kem d a l a m a n h h u d n g den tien do v l chat luong thuc hien dU an, n h u viec khao sat, thiet ke chuan bj dau t u khdng ky, thieu cac sd lieu thdng ke, trong t i n h t o i n t l i chinh kiiong lUdng het rui ro khi thyc hien dU an, nen khi n h i d i u tu khdng du vdn thUc hien theo tien d d p h i i vay vdn ngan hang vdi lai suat cao, lam cho k h i nang thanh edng eua d y I n bi han che va cac nha dau t u da khdng tbi tiep tue tham gia.
e) Bien phap huy ddng vdn, dieu kien phat huy sile manh eua cdng ddng dan c u vao muc dich xay dUng phat trien co sd ha tang cdn han ehe, chua thu hut duoc c l c n h i dau tU thUe sU manh ve nang Itfe thi edng va nang luc tai chinh tham gia.
f) Cac tuyen dudng dau t u theo hinh thifc BOT, BT gan nhau cd the lam cho mat do tram thu p h i day dac, g i y p h i n ilng eCia ngUdi dan va anh hudng den ngudn thu cua cac d y an.
g) Miie phi thu bi han che do phu thudc vao qui dinh cda'nha nUdc cd the lam keo dai t h d i gian t h u phi. Cac d y an sau khi d i m phan mdi thdng qua Hdi ddng nhan dan thanh phd duyet viec t h u phi c d t h e lam k e o d a i t h d i gian tnen khai d u an.
1.4. Von dau tif theo hinh thu'c phdt hdnh trdi phieu cdng trinh, trdi phieu ddthi
1.4.1 Phat hanh trai phieu edng trinh
Day la hinh thde phat hanh trai phieu dUoc ap dung mang tinh chat thf diem lan dau tien tai thanh phd Ho Chi Minh, nham huy ddng vdn dau t u eu the eho tifng dU an, cdng trinh. Cho din nay, phuong an nay mdi dUOe ap dung mot lan duy nhat de dau t u v l khai t h i c dUdng Nguyen T a t T h a n h - L i e n tinh id 15 duge TP phat hanh trai phi^u de dau t u eai tao, md rdng v i o nam 1995 vdi t d n g vdn dau tU la 44 t h d d n g . Sau 3 nam dU I n da thu hdi xong vdn va co lai. DU I n dUoc thye hien vdi hang loat cac dam bao va uy tin ciia ngUdi p h i t hanh la UBND thanh pho da giiip cho viee phat h l n h t r i i phieu thuSn Icri nhU: ehinh quyeii' thanh pho dam bao thanh toan lai v l vdn doi vdi trai phieu p h i t hanh;
mile iai suat tUong dUOng hoac cao hon trai phieu kho bac va cho phep c l c n g i n h i n g thuong mai dUOe mua loai trai phieu nay de d i m bio viec phat hanh duoe thanh edng. Tuy nhien, han che eiia phUOng thilc phat hanh trai phieu edng trinh khong thfch hop vdi vi&e dau tU cac edng trinh giao thong ed t h d i gian dau t u keo dai, vi v i f c trien khai thiiC hien dU an phai duge t i n h toan khdp vdi thdi gian huy ddng vdn de vdn huy ddng khdng phai chd d y an trong khi phai t r i lai suat trai phieu. Cd the vi cac ly do tren, cho den nay hlnh thifc nay chi dUOe thUe hien duy nhat mdt cdng trinh.
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1.4.2. P h i t hanh trai phieu do thj
Vdi sU phSn cap manh ve quSn ly trong mdt sd ITnh vUc kinh te - xa hdi cCia Chinh PhCi ddi vdi Thanh Phd Hd Chi IVlinh (theo Nghi Djnh sd 93/200 VND-CP va Nghi Dinh sd 124/2004/NO-CP ciia Chinh Phu), dac biet I I trong linh vUc tU t i m kiem cac phuang thye vli nguon tai t r o t l i chfnh eho dau tU phat trien ha t i n g d d thj, va vdi tiem nang to Idn eua Thanh Phd, da m d ra nhCng eO hoi mdi trong vifc huy ddng them cae ngudn vdn quan trgng khcic cho phat tri^n ha tang do thj d TP.HCM. Theo dd, Thanh phd ed k h i n i n g v l dieu kien de ed the t y huy ddng vdn thdng qua viee nghifn cifu v l trien khai viee p h i t h l n h Trai phieu dd thj - ve b i n chat, TPOT eung la mot loai hlnh Trai phieu chinh phd nhUng vdi muc dich n h i m phuc vu cho nhu eau cua dm phuang. O f n thdi diem nay, Viet Nam ehi cd qui djnh phap ly v f Trii phieu chfnh phii va T r i i p h i f u doanh nghiep, ehua ed qui djnh phap ly ddi vdi Trii p h i f u ciia chinh quyen dia phuong. Do vay, Chinh quyen TTilnh phd da giao eho Sd T l i Chinh TP.HCM vk HIFU van dung eae qui dmh p h i p ly ve Trai phieu chinh phii de xay dung phuong an va trien khai thanh edng ke hoaeh p h i t hanh Trii phieu dd thi TP.HCM nam 2003 - dUdi dang trai phieu dau t u tdng hop de bd sung vdn dau tUphat trien hang nam ciia TP.HCM.
Thyc h i f n ehi dao eiia UBND TP.HCM v l tren ed s6 hUdng dan v l gdp y eiia Bd T I I Chinh, Quy Dau TU Phat Trien Dd Thi TP.HCM da ciing vdi Sd T l i Chinh TP.HCM xay dUng phUOng an p h i t hanh T r i i p h i f u dd thj nam 2003 dya vao viee nghien edu van dung hinh thde Trai p h i f u chinh phd v l huy ddng duoc 2.0001^ Song vao n i m 2003 Chfnh Phil da ban h l n h Nghi Dinh sd 141/2003/NO-CP ngay 20/11/2003 va eae van b i n hudng dan ed lien quan, trong dd cd c l c qui djnh cu the ve viee phat h l n h Trai phieu chinh q u y f n dja phuong. Sd TSi Chfnh TP.HCM va Quy Dau TU Phat Tnen D d Thj TP.HCM da t i f p tue xay diing phUong an phat h l n h Trai phieu d d thi giai doan 2004-2005 nhung dieu ehinh thdi han {tif 2 nam v l 5 nam l§n d f n loai 10 nam vk 15 nam) nham phu hgp hon vdi nhu cau dau t u cua cac d y an p h i t trien dd t h j ; thanh edng 6 dot p h i t h l n h theo hinh thde b i o lanh phat hanh va dau thau qua Trung t i m giao djch chdng khoan TP.HCM vdi tong gia tri 2.000 ty ddng.
Vdi k f t q u i k h i quan mang lai trong nam 2004-2005, den nam 2006, Qu? D i u t u tiep tue phdi hop vdi Sd T l i Chinh t d chdc 10 dot phat hanh, gdm 6 dot b i o lanh va 4 dgt dau thau, vdi tong gia tri dat duge la 2.000 t^ dong, bao gom 850 t^ ddng loai ky han 5 nam (ehiem ty le 42,5%) v l 1.150 ty ddng loai ky han 10 va 15 nam (ehiem ty le 57,5%).
Nhu vay, qua 05 nam p h i t h l n h trai phieu dd thi, Thanh pho da huy ddng dUoc 10.000 t J ddng T r i i phieu dd thj dap dng nhu eau phat trien cOa T h i n h phd. Viee phat hanh Trai phieu do thi cung da gdp phan eung d p them hang hoa cho thi trUdng chdng khoan Viet Nam
1.5. Tgo von qua hinh thUc Ddu thdu (ddu gid) quyin sCtdung ddt PhUOng thde khai thac ngudn vdn t d quy dat nay da dugc thi diem t h U e h i f n d d i vdi mdt sd khu dat vang tren dja b i n thanh phd. Dieu k i f n ap dung phuong thilc n i y la khu vye cd ranh gidi rd rang; da cd quy hoach chl t i f t ; cd t i f m nang p h i t trien tdt trong tUOng lai va se tao ra dia t d c h & n h l f c h Idn, t i f d d t h u hut eae nha dau t u . Trong hinh thde n i y , N h i nUdc hoac Cdng ty d i u t u ha tang chju trach n h i f m dau tU ban dau v f c o s d ha tang trong y f u (clc dudng tryc; mang lUdi cap nUdc cap 1,2;
cac dudng true day dien v l tram trung, ha the.,.). Ngudn von thye hien duoe huy ddng tCf n h i f u ngudn (vdn moi ngan saeh, phat hanh trai phieu dd thi, vay...). Viec dau tUcac d y an c o s d ha tang ban dau n i y p h i i tien hanh dau thau theo quy dinh ciia N h i nude. Sau do, Nha nUde tiep tuc chia ra cae phan khu hoac tdng 16 nhd han de keu goi cae ehd dau t u k h i c tham gia dudi 2 hinh thde: (a) T i f p tuc dau thau xay dUng c o s d h^ t i n g c l c p h i n khu vdi ehi phf thap n h i t , nhung van d i m b i o c l c y f u c l u v f c h i t lugng va dugc d i u ndi ddng bd vdi ha tang ky t h u i t ban dau. Sau dd se t i f n h l n h dau t h i u (dau gia) quyen khai t h i c cO sd hg tSng c l c phan khu nay; va (b) D i u gia k h o i n ndp tien sd dung dat theo hinh thilc: al ndp tien sd dung dat cao nhat, ddng thdi dam bao
c l c dieu kien dat ra ve tinh ddng bd va thdi gian thyc hien, se duoe giao q u y f n sd dung d i t d l dau t u va khai thac d y I n .
Nha nude (hole Cdng ty d i u tU ha tang) se t h u lai vdn dau tU ban dau v l tiep tye m d rdng d i u tU tai c l c khu vUc k h i e . C l c ehu dau tU, sau khi trdng thau se dau tU cO s6 ha tang eho khu dan c d hoac eae d y an phdc hop khae theo dung quy hoach ehi tiet v l duoc q u y f n khai thac dudi nhieu hlnh thilc. Nha dau tU sau khi t n i n g thau cd the keu ggi eae nha d i u t u khae cimg tham gia. ChCi d i u tU ban dau se duoc hUdng Uu dai ve thue va nghTa vu ddng gdp tai chinh khae di gia tang p h ^ n h i p dan ciia phuong thde n i y . Lfu diem ndi b i t la Nha nude chi can bd vdn mdi ban dau, nhUng cac khu vdc va toan bd he t h d n g ea sd ha tSng ky thuat van cd the dugc dau t d v l thUc hien dong bd, nhanh chdng theo quyhoach. Mat khae, n h i f u n h i dau t u e d the tham gia d u a n dUdi hlnh thde hop vdn, nham day nhanh tien do thue hien. Qua hinh thiie dau thau, dau gia, g i i tr[ gia tang eua d i t dugc khai t h i e toi da theo co che thi trudng, tao ngudn t h u hgp ly eho ngan s i c h . K f t q u i dau gia q u y f n sif dung d i t do Hgi ddng dau gia quyen sCf dung dat T h i n h pho v l Trung tam dieh vu ban dau g i i t l i s i n - Sd TU phap thye hien tif n i m 2004 - 2010, da dau gia tdng edng 103 khu, t h u dugc t d n g cdng k h o i n g hOn 4.000 ty ddng.
1.6. Hinh thde biin "ehinh trang" hay biin "Phdt triin" (Khai thde phdt trien quy ddt 2 ben dUdng mdi md)
Doi vdi hinh thde khai t h i c quy d i t hai b^n dudng (hay edn ggi 11
"Bien ehinh trang" hay "Bien p h i t tri^n") dUoc thUc h i f n b i n g each: thay vi g i l l toa theo dien tieh ranh gidi eda con dudng, d u an se g i l l tda m d rdng them ranh dat d hai ben dUdng, tao ra mgt quy d i t dU tru", sau dd thye hien dau gia de t h u hdi ngudn vdn da duoc dau t u , ddng thdi bd sung them ngan sach de ho trO cho c l c hd bj g i l l tda d i ddi. Phuong thde nay da thUe hien kha t h i n h edng tai dU I n dUdng N g u y f n HuU Thg, Huyen Nha Be {thude doan ndi t d dUdng Nguyen Van Linh d f n khu edng nghiep Hiep PhUde) vdi be rdng 60m va ehieu dai 7,5km, b i f n ehinh trang mdi ben g i l l tda them 75m. tdng dien tieh thu hdi \hm quy d i t d y tfCf I I 87,55 ha trgn dja b i n hai xa PhUde kien va Nhon Dye.Theo md hlnh nay, sau khi thu hdi d i t d i n h cho cong trinh x i y dung dUdng v l tao ra quy dat d y trd, t i f n b i n dau g i l d i f n tfch dat hai b f n dUdng khdng chl bii dap duoc chi phi vdn d i u t u d a b o r a ma cdn cd t h i tao ra mdt quy dat dang ke cho cdng t i c d f n bu va danh eho mdt sd chUOng trinh n h i d xa hoL Tdng ngudn vdn bd ra Udc khoang 429 t y ddng trong khi tdng sd ngudn thu t d ket q u i ban dau gia quyen sd dung dat eho c l c cdng ty t u nhan, da t h u duge tren 466 ty ddng.
Vdi t h i n h cdng budc dau khi thUe hien t h i diem ddi vdri phuang thde bien ehinh trang d l m d ra mdt phuong thde huy ddng vdn mdi trong p h i t t r i l n giao thdng ha tang eua t h i n h phd T d t h u e tien ed the Tilt ra nhtfng d i f u kien kien de d i m b i o md hlnh bien chinh trang dUOe van dyng, do I I khu vUc trien khai md hinh "Bi^n phat trien" tao dat d y t r d hai ben true dudng p h i i la dat dai thudc khu vUe viing ven h o l e khu vUc Huyen ngoai thanh, vdi mat do dan cU vda phai. Md hinh n i y rat khd I p dung ddi vdi eic khu vUc ndi thj ddng dan, cht nen I p dung cho nhdng khu vuc cd mat do dan eU cdn thua t h d t h o l e c l c true dudng mdi k f t ndi vdi khu trung tam vdi vimg ven, ngoai thanh, noi ma gia dat d f bii cdn thap.
1.7. Dieu ehinh tdng khung gid ddt hdng ndm tgi dia ban dd ddu tuhg tdng
Oay cung I I mot trong nhdng bien p h i p nham gia tang ngudn thu t d n g i n sich v l gdp phan tai dau tU co sd ha tang tren dia ban thanh phd. H i n g nam, thanh phd deu eo d i f u ehinh khung gia dat theo che t u y f n dudng, nhat la cae tuyen dUdng cd eo sd ha tang dUoc dau tU va tang g i l trj dat dai trong khu vuc d d . Cac ngudn t h u se duoc dieu t i f t thdng qua nop tien sd dung d i t , thue trUdc ba, t h u f thu nhap doanh nghiep v.v...
Tdm lai, khi kha nang ngan s i c h T h i n h phd cdn han c h f thi nhuTig hinh thilc huy ddng vdn trong thdi gian qua da g d p p h i n tao ra mdt
n g u d n von dang ke de xay d i i n g n h i f u cdng trinh eo sd ha tang, djch v u d d t h i . Ngoai ra, hien nay, nhieu ngudn lUc d o Nha nU6e q u i n ly dang sd d u n g ( n h u m a t bang, nha xudng) da khai t h i e khdng hieu qua, g i y lang p h i hoac chua ehu trong de tao nguon t h u t>d sung vdn dau tU eua n g i n s l e h . Day eung I I phucfng thde tao ra vdn t d eae ngudn lUc s i n cd t i f phia Nha nUdc.
2. TIEM N A N G KHAI T H A C KHI D l / O C PHEP CHUYEN S d l SANG MO HINH "CHfNH QUYEN DO T H j "
De chd d d n g tao nguon t h u , khai thac hieu qua cae cong trinh k f t cau ha tang hien cd, TP.HCM trong t h d i gian qua da no lyc nghien cdu xin phep ehuyen sang m d hlnh "Chinh quyen d d t h j ' , trong do dae biet chu trgng viec phan cap t d T r u n g Uong ddi vdi Thanh phd. Vdi m d hinh quan ly nhU hien nay, TP.HCM sau n h i f u lan de xuat van ehUa dUOe Trung Uong phan cap, dae biet la ehu d d n g tao ngudn t h u trong t l i chinh d o t h j , TP.HCM ehUa cd tham q u y f n de ban hanh cae loai phf dieh vu d d t h i , t h e o dae t h i i T h i n h p h d .
M d t vf du cu the la, can c d theo P h i p ienh sd 3 8 / 2 0 n / P L - UBTVQH10 ngay 28/8/2001 cua Oy ban ThUdng vu Qude hdi ve p h i va ie p h i quy dinh t h i hien ed 73 loai p h i tren nhieu ITnh vyc. Mue tieu eua thu phi. I f phi khdng ehi tao ngudn t h u [)6 sung chl phf cung dng dich vu cdng, ma edn la eong cu de dieu t i f t t h u nhap va dieu t i f t phan bo dan cU va mot sd hoat ddng kinh doanh dac t h u tren dja b i n Thanh phd Tuy nhien theo P h i p lenh nay, quy dinh eae loai phi. If p h i mdi khdng thudc t h a m q u y f n cua Chinh quyen Thanh p h d quyet ffinh, ma phai tuan t h u theo quy djnh cua Trung UOng. Do d d , neu dUOc phep chuyen sang I p d u n g m d hinh "Chfnh quyen dd thi", Thanh p h d se cd du tham quyen nghien cuU, quy dinh eho phep t h u m d t sd loai phf, le phi ed tinh chat dae t h u eua Thanh phd, sau khi duge HDND/TP t h d n g qua. Cd the ke den nhU p h i xay d y n g (hay phi ha tang) va mgt sd loai phi khae...
p h i l hop vdi dae diem Thanh pho, qua dd tao ngudn thu bd sung vao ngan sach.
T A I L l i U THAM K H A O
1. M d t sd van ban ehi dao eua UBND TP.HCM lien quan t d i : Phat hanh trai phieu do thi, Phat hanh trai phieu eong trinh, Dieu ehinh tang khung gia dat hang nam, Oau thau (dau gia) quyen sir dung dat tai m d t sd khu d a t . . .
2. De an nghien ctiu xay d y n g "Chinh quyen d d t h i " tai TP.HCM nam 2013.
3. Mdt sd nghien eiiu cua Vien Nghien cdu phat trien TP.HCM lien quan tdi: Khai thac phat trien quy dat 2 ben dUdng mdi m d . . .
4. M o t sd d y a n dau t u t h e o eae hinh thde ODA, BT, BOT...tai TP.HCM
95iBaS1!EnBl 04.2016
